最新英语句子类型讲解及练习

英语句子类型

一、分类

1）按照句式结构分为三种：简单句、并列句、复合句

2）按照句子功能分为四类：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句第一节

简单句

一、定义：简单句只包含一个主语或并列主语和一个谓语或并列谓语构成的句子，且句子的各个成分都是由单词或短语来组成的。

二、分类：类型1：S + V。该句型中谓语动词为不及物动词，后面不可接宾语，但可接状语或其他成分例：

Nobody went out.

The children are playing. We study hard.

类型2：S + V + O. 该句型中的谓语为及物动词，后面必须接宾语，且只能接一个宾语。

例：

We love our country.

The old woman looks after the baby carefully. He dreamed a terrible dream last night.

类型3：S + V + O人（） + O（物）该句型中的动词为双宾语动词，后面必须接两个宾语。该类动词主要有：give, show, send, pass, lend, return, promise, owe; make, buy, do, fetch, paint, save, spare, find 等例：

He gave his sister the piano.

He gave the piano to his sister.

He bought his wife a coat.

He bought a coat for his wife.

类型4：S + V + O + C 该句型中的谓语动词后面必须接宾语，且还要用一个补足语来补充说明宾语的状态。例：

I found the book easy.

The teacher told us to study hard. We heard him singing.

类型5：S + L + P 该句型中的L 为系动词，后常接表语。

1）该句型无被动；

2）无进行；

3）作非谓语时常用V-ing 形式。例：

The flower is beautiful.

He is a teacher. 系动词分类：

1）变化系动词：turn, become, grow, fall, get, go, come, run 等例：

She becomes a lawyer.

She turns lawyer.

2）状态系动词：be, seem, remain, stay, stand, keep 等例：

He always kept silent at meeting.

3）感官系动词：feel, smell, sound, taste, look, appear 等例：

The milk tastes sour.

The cloth feels soft.

4）终止性系动词：prove, turn out 等例：

His plan turned out a success. 第二节句子成分在句子中起着不同语法作用的部分，叫做句子成分。句子成分有主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、定语、补语、状语、同位语、插入语。

1、主语（subject ）：表示句子描述的对象。

通常是谓语动词的动作执行者。通常有名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词、从句等充当。

The students worked very hard.

They are from America.

80% of the students in our class are girls.

To learn English is very difficult for us.

=It is difficult for us to learn English.

Swimming in the lake is dangerous.

What he said is true.

2、谓语动词：主语的动作或具有的状态与特征。

构成形式如下：

1）简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。

She practices speaking English every day. The woman takes good care of the baby.

I have got rid of smoking.

2）复合谓语形式1：由情态动词或助动词+动词构成。You may gonow.

He has caught a bad cold.

We are going to visitthe old town tomorrow.

3）复合谓语形式2：由系动词+表语构成。

We are students

She becomes famous.

The little girlis afraid of the snake.

4）复合谓语形式3：情态动词+系动词+表语

It will be wasted.

He must be wrong.

We will be free tomorrow.

5）复合谓语形式4：被动句的谓语动词。

Mary was seen to swim across the river.

They were expected to finish the work as soon as possible.

3、表语：用来说明主语的身份、特征和状态的成分。一般在系动词之后。表语可由下列结构充当：名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语及表语从句。

The young man has turned thief.

All of these are yours.

The flower is beautiful.

The film is moving.

We are moved by the film.

Her job is to look after the baby.

My job is teaching English.

Tom was out then.

The fact is that he passed the exam successfully.

4、宾语：

表示动作承受的对象。可由下列结构充当：名词、代词、数词、动名词、不定式、宾语从句

He bought a new car.

The heavy snow prevented her from going to school.

She enjoys listening to music.

I don ' t know how to get there.

I think that he is old enough to join the army.

5、宾补：英语中有少数及物动词后除了接一个宾语外，还必须有一个宾语补足语对宾语进行补充说明，

这样才能使句子的意义完整，这类动词被称为“复合及物动词” ，常见的动词有：make, consider, find, get, have, let 等。

The boss made us work 14 hours every day.

We found the dog lying on the ground.

We painted our house white.

We found him killed the next morning.

6、定语：用来修饰限定名词或代词的词、短语或从句。通常由下列结构充当：形容词、分词、名词，代词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语等。

She is a beautiful girl.

My book is old.

More than 30 students in our class are from abroad.

He is the first to come and the last to leave.

The teaching building is under construction.

The girl in white is my sister.

7、状语：

用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分。通常由副词、介词短语、不定式、分词、名词、形容词或状语从句等充当。

She used to sit for hours quietly.

He has lived in the countryside for 20 years.

The tree is too tall for the boy to climb up.

Encouraged by the teacher, she made up her mind to learn English well.

Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will wait for you.

8、同位语（appositive ）：对前面的名词或代词做进一步的解释，通常由名词、数词、代词或从句来充当。

This is Mr. Zhou, our headmaster.

The question who should do the work is still in discussion.

9、插入语（parenthesis ）：对一句话作一些附加的解释；通常由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词或从句来充当。

To be frank, I don' t quite agree with you.

第三节

并列句一、概念：有两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起，构成的句子叫做并列句。

例：

*：1、并列句中两个简单句相互之间没有结构的所属关系，只是在语意上存在一定的联系。

2、并列连词的确定取决于分句之间的语意关系

二、类型：

1）顺承并列句；

2）转折并列句；

3）选择并列句；

4）因果并列句；

5）条件或结果并列句

1、顺承并列句：表示两个同等的概念，常由：and, not only ?but als等o 连接例：They talked happily,

and they forgot to cook supper.

Not only did the students sing, but also the teacher sings.

2、转折并列句：表示两个分句在语意上转折。常由：but, while, yet, nevertheless 等连接例：

He worked hard, yet he failed.

Some problems are easy while others are difficult.

3、选择并列句：

常由or，either ?or, otherwise 等连接

例：

Either you leave this house or I will call the police.

I must work much harder, otherwise I can ' t catch up with the other classmates.

4、因果并列句：

常由for, so, therefore 等连接

例：

It was late, so we went home.

It' s going to rain, for the sky is dark.

It rained, therefore the football match was put off.

5、条件或结果并列句：例：

Hurry up, or we ' ll miss athine. tr

Work hard and you ' ll succeed in time.

第四节复合句

一，概念：

用一个句子作另一个句子的某个成分（主、表、宾、同、定、状），两个句子有所属关系，含有这种结构的句子被称为复合句。

例：When we shall hold a meeting is still a question. The question is when we shall hold a meeting. We are discussing when we shall hold a meeting. The question when we shall hold a meeting is not decided. The question we are discussing is when we shall hold a meeting. The question will be discussed when we shall hold a meeting. *：1）所有的从句必须有相应的从句引导词，有些从句引导词可以省略；2）所有的从句语序要顺承，不能倒装。

分类：

1．形容词性从句（定语从句）。

例。This is the man whom we have talked about.

The note was left by jhon ,who was here a moment ago.

2．名词性从句（主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）.

例。What he said was not true.

China is not what it used to be.

I don`t know why she refused my invitation.

The news that they won the match is true.

3．副词性从句（状语从句）。

I will tell him when he comes back.

There are plenty of sheep where I live.

I do it because I like it.

I got up early in order that I could catch the first bus.

It was very cold so that the river froze.

I`ll come over to see you if I have time.

He speaks English as if he were a native speaker.

He is not so clever as his father.

练习：一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分：

2. He handed me the newspaper.

3.I shall answer your question after class.

4.What a beautiful Chinese painting!

6.His job is to train swimmers.

7.He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.

8.There is going to be an American film tonight.

10.His wish is to become a scientist.

11.He managed to finish the work in time.

12.Tom came to ask me for advice.

13.He found it important to master English.

15.To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.

17.He sat there , reading a newspaper.

18.It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.

19.He noticed a man enter the room.

20.The apples tasted sweet. 二，判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：

1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.

2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.

5.He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.

6.He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.

7.Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.

8.What he said at the meeting is very important, isn ' t it?

9.The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.

10.Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.

11.There is a chair in this room, isn ' t there?

12.My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.

13.I hope you are very well。

14.I'm fine, but tired.

15. Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm.

16.August is the hottest month here.

17.It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.

18.Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors.

19.We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat.

20.We have a lot of machines on the farm.

21.Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him.

22.But he employs more men for the harvest.

23.My brother takes care of the vegetable garden.

24.It doesn't often rain in the summer here.

25.As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden.

26.Every evening we pump water from a well.

27.It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden.

28.Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time.

29.These parties often make us very happy.

30.We cook meat on an open fire outside.

31.It's great!

32.Americans eat a lot of meat —too much in my opinion.

33.Some of my friends drink beer.

34.I don't, because I have to drive home after the party.

35.In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States.

36.There are five different time areas in the States.

37.In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time.

38.How many different time areas do you have in China?

39.Well, I must stop and get some sleep.

40.Please give my best regards to your parents.

九年级英语专题复习《句子种类》

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人教版高中英语必修一U3U4重点句型讲解

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初中英语句子成分讲解

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最新整理高中英语句子结构及类型大全讲解学习

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初中英语语法大全-句子种类

初中英语语法大全-句子的种类 按照英语句子的使用目的和用途，句子可分为四类： 陈述句(Declarative Sentence)、疑问句(Interrogative Sentence)、祈使句(Imperative Sentence)和感叹句(Exclamatory Sentence)。 陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。 疑问句有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。 图解语法 1. 陈述句 说明一个事实或陈述一个人的看法，陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句 特别提示：

肯定陈述句改成否定句或一般疑问句时，如句中有already，some，something，somebody等词，须分别改成yet，any，anything，anybody 等。 另外，也要注意，too改成either，both改成neither，all改成none等。 2. 疑问句

3. 常用的特殊疑问句

4. 特殊的反意疑问句 ①主句是祈使句时，“will you?”意为“请求”，“won’t you?”表示提醒对方注意。 例句： Look at the blackboard, will you / won’t you? Don’t be late again, will you? ②感叹句后的反意疑问，用一般现在时态的否定形式 例句： What fine weather, isn’t it? How beautifully she sings, doesn’t she? ③陈述部分是“I am …”时，用“aren’t I?”而不用“am not I?” 例句： I'm working now, aren’t I?

英语五大基本句型讲解

英语五种基本句型详解 句子是由主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、宾语补足语等组成的。英语句子有长有短，有简有繁，似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但其实只有五种基本句型。所有英语句子都可以看成是这五种基本句型的扩大、组合、省略或倒装。因此掌握这五大句型，是掌握其他各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语句子依其组合方式可分为以下五种基本句型，句子成分的表示法为： S：Subject（主语）, V：V erb（动词）, O：Object（宾语）, IO : Indirect Object (间接宾语), DO: Direct Object (直接宾语) , P：Predicative（表语）, OC：Object Complement（宾语补足语）。 五种基本句型见下表 种类句型例句 第1种S+V （主语+不及物动词）We work. (不及物) 第2种S+V+O（主语+及物动词+宾语）He plays (及物) the piano 第3种S+V+P （主语+系动词+表语）We are (系动词) students. 第4种S+V+IO+DO （主语+及物动词+间接宾语She gave (及物) me a pen +直接宾语） 第5种S+V+O+OC （主语+及物动词+宾语He made (及物) the boy laugh +宾语补足语） 说明：（S＝主，V＝谓，O＝宾，P＝表，IO＝间宾，DO＝直宾，OC＝宾补 一、第1种句型：S+V（主语+不及物动词）

1、Birds fly. 鸟飞。 主语＋谓语(不及物动词) 2、He runs in the park. 他在公园里跑。 主语＋谓语＋地点状语(不及物动词) 此句型是“主语+不及物动词”构成句子的主体部分。因为是不及物动词，后面当然不能带宾语了，但是可以有状语来修饰。例如上面例句中的in the park就是地点状语。 3、Class begins.（begin在句中是不及物动词）上课了。 比较：W e begin our class at eight. 我们八点钟开始上课。 该句则属于第2种句型，begin在句中是及物动词，由此可见有些动词既可作及物动词也可以作不及物动词。 二、第2种句型：S+V+O（主语+及物动词+宾语） My father read the book. 我父亲读过那本书. 主语谓语(及物动词) 宾语 注意： 有些不及物动词后面加上介词就可把它看成一个及物动词，后面就可以加宾语了。如： 4、Y ou must listen to me. 你必须听我的。 （Listen是不及物动词。但加上to之后，listen to可以看成一个及物动词。） 可以带宾语的动词是及物动词，可以充当宾语的有名词和名词的相当语（如代词、不定式、动名词及宾语从句）。 如： 5、She likes English. 她喜欢英语。（名词作宾语） 6、I know him very well. 我非常了解他。（代词作宾语） （同第一种句型一样，本句型可以有状语、定语修饰） 7、They want to go. 他们想走。（不定式作宾语） 8、He stopped writing. 他停下笔。（动名词作宾语） 9、The teacher advised that we learn English well. 老师建议我们学好英语。(宾语从句) 三、第3种句型：S+V+P （主语+系动词+表语） 10、He became a scientist. 他成为一个科学家了。

初中英语句子成分讲解

初中英语句子成分 一.句子的成分：句子的成分是指组成句子的各个部分，即：主语、谓语、表语、 宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）、补足语、定语、状语等。 主要成分：主语和谓语 句子的成分 次要成分：表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等 (一)主语：主语是一个句子的主要成分，也是句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首，Subject 表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等充当。 注意：在there be结构、疑问（当主语不是疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓 例如：Tom is a good boy. (名词) We often speak English in class. (代词) One-third of the students in this class are girls. (数词) To swim in the river is a great pleasure. (不定式) Smoking does harm to the health. (动名词) The rich should help the poor. (名词化形容词) When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. (主语从句) It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it为形式主语，真正的主语是不 定式) （二）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。说明主语“做什么”、Predicate “是什么”或“怎么样”，一般由动词或动词短语来充当，一般放在主语之后。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。谓语的构成如下： 1.简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。例如： I like apples. ( 动词) He practices running every morning. （动词短语） 2.复合谓语：（1）由（情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形）构成； 例如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold.

英语句子成分划分详解

概念 句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。句子的成分包括：主语、谓语、表语、宾语（直接和间接宾语）、宾语补足语、定语和状语。主语和谓语是句子的主体部分（在英语中，一般句子必须有主语和谓语），表语、宾语和宾语的补足语是谓语里的组成部分。其他成份如定语和状语是句子的次要成分。 句子成分分类 1．主语 主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当，也有从句充当的现象。大多数主语都在句首。如： 讲述“谁”-----人 We work in a big factory. 讲述“什么”----物 The classroom is very big. 数词作主语----人或物 Three are enough. 三个人就够了 不定式作主语-----事《相当于语文中的短语：争取冠军是有可能的》 To operate on the blind is one of the ORBIS Doctor ’s job. 从句作主语------一件事（句子）《例：张三打人是不对的》 What we need is food. 我们最需要的是食物. ▲ 在“There be …”句型中，主语的位置在中间。如： There are some bottles of milk in the box.《some bottles of milk are in the box.》 ▲ 在个别句型中，主语在整个句子后面，这时前面用it 作形式主语。如： It is very interesting to play the game called “treat or trick ”. It took two workers about three months to build the house. 2．谓语 谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”，谓语必须是动词，谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。如： He is very generous. She looks very smart and cool We have finished the job. 没有区别嘛 it 也是代表的一件事

初中英语句子种类一

初中英语句子种类一 LELE was finally revised on the morning of December 16, 2020

英语中的句子可以按其作用或者按其语法结构(即句子的形式)两种标准分类。下面是具体的分类依据和结果。 (1)按其作用或使用目的，句子可分为： 陈述句：This is a truck. 这是一辆卡车。 疑问句：Is this a truck 这是卡车吗 祈使句：Drive the truck away. 把卡车开走。 感叹句：What a big truck it is! 多么大的卡车! 按语法结构，句子可分为：(2)简单句：I am busy. 我很忙。 并列句：I am busy washing, but he is playing Majiang with them. 我在忙着洗衣服，但他却在跟他们打麻将牌。 复合句：Although I am busy washing, he is playing Majiang with them. 尽管我在忙着洗衣服，他却在与他们一块打麻将牌。 一、陈述句:用于说明一件事，表示一种看法或表达某种心情的句子，都是陈述句。陈述句分为肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。 1肯定句 He is a middle school teacher. 他是一位中学老师。(一般现在时) She is cleaning the room. 她正在收拾屋子。(现在进行时) They have visited the museum. 他们已经参观过这所博物馆了。(现在完成时) He did a lot of washing yesterday. 他昨天洗了好多衣服。(一般过去时) They had already finished quarrelling when I came. 我来时他们已经争吵完了。(过去完成时) The meeting will begin at once. 会议马上就要开始了。(一般将来时) 2否定句 (1)使用not否定： He isn't a worker. 他不是个工人。(一般现在时) She doesn't do the cleaning every day. 她不是每天都做卫生。(一般现在时) I haven't had my breakfast yet. 我还没有吃早点。(现在完成时) You didn't do your homework seriously. 你没有认真地做你的作业。(一般过去时) You mustn't take her to your parents. 你千万不要把她带到你的父母那里去。(情态动词) She needn't quarrel with him. 她没必要跟他吵。(情态动词) The house won't be painted. 这所房子将不粉刷了。(被动语态将来时) She might not notice you.

英语句子分类讲解与专项练习

句子The Sentences 知识要点： 句子按使用的目的可分为四类： 1、陈述句 2、疑问句 3、祈使句 4、感叹句 从结构上看句子可分为三种类型： 1、简单句 2、并列句 3、复合句 一、句子的种类（Kinds of Sentences） 1、陈述句： （1）肯定句：We love our motherland. 我们热爱祖国。 （2）否定句：They don’t go to work on Sundays. 他们星期日不上班。 说明：叙述或否定一个事实或看法。 2、疑问句： （1）一般疑问句： Are you a worker? 你是个工人吗？ Yes, I am. 是的，我是工人。 Haven’t you seen the film? No, I haven’t. 你没看过这部电影吗？没看过。 说明：以一个助动词，情态动词或动词be开始的问句。回答要用yes或no。 （2）特殊疑问句： Who is the man? 这人是谁？ When do you watch TV? 你什么时间看电视？ What are they doing now? 他们现在正在干什么？ 说明：以一个疑问代词或疑问副词开头的句子一般要用倒装句语序（或称为疑问词加一般疑问句） （3）选择疑问句： Do you want tea or coffee? Either will do. 你要茶水还是要咖啡？哪种都行。 Does he learn Japanese or French? He learns French. 他学日语还是学法语？他学法语。 说明：提出两个或两个以上的情况，选择一个作为答案。 （4）反意疑问句： They are going to the airpor t, aren’t they? 他们要去机场，是吗？ You haven’t finished your homework, have you? 你没做完作业，是吗？ 说明：提出情况或看法问对方是否同意。在陈述句后附加一个简短的疑问句，即前面句子肯定，后为否定；前面句子否定，后为肯定。 He seldom went to bed at ten, did he? 他很少在十点钟上床睡觉？是吗？ He knows little Russian, does he? 他几乎不懂俄语，是吗？ 说明：当陈述句部分含有never, no, hardly, seldom, little等否定意义的副词时，附加问句用肯定形式。 3.祈使句： a．陈述句： Be sure to get there at eight. 八点钟一定要到那儿。 b．否定句： Don’t worry. I’ll help you out. 别担心，我会帮助你的。 说明：表示命令，请求，叮嘱，号召等，谓语动词用原形。 4.感叹句： 感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜悦、等感情。what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，感叹句结构主要有以下几种： 掌握它的搭配，即掌握了感叹句的重点。 How +形容词+ a +名词+ 陈述语序。例如：How clever a boy he is! 他是多聪明的孩子！ How+形容词或副词+陈述语序。例如：How lovely the baby is! 小毛头真可爱！ What +名词+陈述语序。例如：What noise they are making! 他们真吵！