学位英语词汇练习(附答案详细解析)

1. The telegram was based on information from a _________ source.

A. recent

B. reliable

C. rare

D. private

2. Mr. Wilson said that he did not want to __________ any further responsibilities.

A. take on

B. bring on

C. get on

D. carry on

3. We were __________ for half an hour in the traffic and so we arrived late.

A. held up

B. put back

C. broken down

D. taken down

4. We develop trade with that company for our shared _________.

A. honour

B. reward

C. benefit

D. prize 5. It is a very popular play, and it would be wise to ________ seats well in advance.

A. engage

B. book

C. isolate

D. occupy

6. Apples are ________ in summer and cost a lot.

A. rare

B. scarce

C. common

D. unusual

7. I took the medicine, but it didn't have any _________ on me.

A. effect

B. relation

C. touch

D. affect

8. Rapid reading means reading something fast just to __________ the general idea.

A. master

B. seize

C. grasp

D. imagine

9. They build strong walls round the town as a __________ against the enemy.

A. defense

B. defend

C. defeat

D. depend

10. Who ___________ the workers to take up the struggle?

A. called for

B. called in

C. called on

D. called off

1-10 BAACB AACAC

1. ______ we need to complete the construction is two million dollars.

A. All what

B. That all

C. That

D. What

2. ______ all our kindness to help her, Sara refused to listen.

A. At

B. In

C. For

D. On

3. _______ all the difficulties, she finished the project by herself.

A. As for

B. In spite

C. Besides

D. Despite

4. _______ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.

A. Being published

B. Published

C. Publishing

D. To be published

5. _______ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.

A. Had they arrived

B. Would they arrive

C. Were they arriving

D. Were they to arrive

6. ______ book is interesting to her although reading is her hobby. She likes reading literature, not politics or economics.

A. None of

B. No

C. Not every

D. All

7. _______classic music, which follows formal European tradition, jazz is a spontaneous and free form.

A. In contrast to

B. In connection with

C. In comparison with

D. In regard to

8. _______ conflict among city-states caused the eventual decline of Greek civilization.

A. Continuous

B. Continual

C. Constant

D. Contrary

9. _______ conventional black ink costs newspaper about thirty cents, most rub-resistant inks add at least ten cents more to the bill.

A. While

B. Furthermore

C. Meanwhile

D. Moreover

10. _______ for this suggestion.

A. There is something to be said

B. There has something to be said

C. It is something to be said

D. It has something to be said

11. _______ for your help, we'd never have been able to get over the difficulties.

A. Had it not

B. If it were not

C. Had it not been

D. It we had not been

12. ______ he's already heard the news.

A. Chances are

B. Chance is

C. Opportunities are

D. Opportunity is

13. _______ his knowledge and academic background, he is basically stupid.

A. But for

B. According to

C. For all

D. Thanks to

14. _______ his return from Japan, Prof. Li went directly to his laboratory and started working with his colleagues.

A. Upon

B. At

C. Within

D. Over

15. _______ I am concerned, some other arrangement would have been better.

A. So far

B. As for

C. As far as

D. So far from

16. _______ I saw you I knew you were angry with me.

A. A moment

B. The moment

C. In a moment

D. For a moment

17. _______ in government was exposed through the agency of the press.

A. Corruption

B. Cosmetic

C. Cottage

D. Costume

18. _______ in the dark, his head hit against the wall.

A. Walking

B. His walking

C. When he was walking

D. While walking

19. _______ is a term for the partial or complete inability to hear.

A. There is deafness

B. Deafness that

C. It is deafness

D. Deafness

20. _______ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.

A. That

B. Which

C. As

D. It

21. _______ is the center of our planetary system was a difficult concept to grasp in the Middle Age.

A. It is the sun and not the earth

B. Being the sun and not the earth

C. The sun and not the earth

D. That the sun and not the earth

22. _______ it or not, his discovery has created a stir in scientific circles.

A. Believe

B. To believe

C. Believing

D. Believed

23. _______ kinds of matter in the world.

A. There is a few million

B. That there are millions

C. There are a few million

D. It is millions

24. _______ man can now create radioactive elements, there is nothing he can do to reduce their radioactivity.

A. As

B. Whether

C. While

D. Now that

25. ______ me, I think an English-Chinese dictionary is much more helpful to our study than an All-English dictionary.

A. As far as

B. As far

C. As for

D. As regard

26. _______ my return, I learned that Professor Smith had been at the Museum and would not be back for several hours.

A. At

B. With

C. On

D. During

27. _______ of the burden of ice, the balloon climbed up and drifted to the South.

A. To be free

B. To free

C. Freeing

D. Freed

28. _______ one time, Manchester was the home of the most productive cotton mills in the world.

A. On

B. By

C. At

D. Of

29. _______ quite recently, most mothers in Britain did not take paid work outside the home.

A. Until

B. Before

C. From

D. Since

30. _______ she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist.

A. That was from Stephen

B. It was Stephen whom

C. It was from Stephen that

D. It was S tephen that

1. D【句意】完成整个建设需要二百万元

【解析】在这里what引导一个主语从句，what既起引导作用，又在从句中作谓语动词need的宾语，如：What I want to know is why energy, unlike matter, is not made up of molecules and atoms. 我想要知道的是，为什么能量不像物质那样是由分子和原子组成的。因此D是正确选择。尽管that也可引导主语从句，但不能在主语从句中做成分，所以B和C错误。关系代词what不能用来引导定语从问，所以A也不正确。

2. C【句意】尽管我们想要帮助她，Sara却拒绝了。

【解析】for在这里意为"虽然，尽管"，相当于in spite of，notwithstanding，如：For all his efforts，he didn't succeed．虽然他尽了力，但还是没有成功。at，in 和on则没有这种意义和用法。

3. D【句意】尽管存在很多困难，她还是自己完成了这项工作。

【解析】despite意为"尽管，不顾"，如：He came to the meeting despite his serious illness. 他尽管病得很厉害，还是来参加了会议。in spite要和of连用，意思与despite相同，如上句可改为：He came to the meeting in spite of his serious illness. as for意为"至于……，就……而言"，如：As for this kind of rare metal, it will be further studied．至于这种稀有金属，要做进一步的研究。besides意为"除……之外"，如。Besides English he can speak French and German．除了英语他还会说法语和德语。由此可见只有D为正确答案。

4. B【句意】尽管在这个时间出版，他的作品还是受到了关注。

【解析】本题考查的是as引导的让步状语从句．动词publish动作的对象是从句的主语，所以需要用过去分词与was构成被动语态，如：Thoroughly cleaned as it was, the room didn't look tidy. 房间虽然给彻底打扫了，但看起来并不整洁。选项A是现在分词的被动式，表示该动作正在进行或与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，如；Being earnestly invited to dinner, she couldn't very well refuse. 有人热情邀请她参加宴会，她不好意思拒绝．选项C是现在分词的主动形式，选项D是动词不定式，而不定式做状话一般表示动作的目的，一般是将要发生的动作。由此可见，只有B是正确答案，而A，C和D旨不正确。

5. D【句意】在后天我们走之前他们可以赶过来的，我们会举行一次晚宴。

【解析】本句是一个虚拟条件句，主句的谓语用的是"should + 动词原形"，表示与现在事实相反或与将来事实可能相反。根据句子结构可以看出，从句部分是倒装句，省略了连接词if，由于句子中的时间状语是the day after tomorrow，所以从句动词应该用与将来事实可能相反的虚拟语气，即"should（were to）+ 动词原形"，如：Were they to act like that again，we should criticize them severely．要是他们再那样做，我们就要严厉地批评他们。由此可见，D是正确答案．

6. C【句意】并不是所有的书她都感兴趣，尽管阅读是她的乐趣。她喜欢读文学类的书，而不是政经类的书。

【解析】all，both，every，always，often，entirely，wholly，altogether等词的否定形式一般表示部分否定，如：All is not gold that glitters. 发光的未必全是金子。又如：Every force does not always produce movement．力并非总产生运动。

7. A【句意】和古典音乐追随欧洲传统相反，爵士乐是一种自然和自由的表达方式。

【解析】in contrast to意为"同……相对照或相对比，与……相反"，比较的是两者之间的差异，如：In contrast to the China of pre-liberation days, China of today is strong and powerful. 与解放前的中国相对比，今日的中国强大而有力。in connection with意为"与……有关系，关于"，如：In connection with your request of March 18th，we are sorry to tell you your goods can not be shipped right now．关于你3月18日信中提出）的要来，我们很抱歉你的货物不能马上装船。in comparison with意为"和……比较起来"，既可以比较相同点也可以比较不同点，如：The tallest buildings in London are small in comparison with those of New Y ork．伦敦最高的楼房同纽约的比起来仍然很低。in regard to做"关于"讲，如：In regard to the other matter，we have not yet discussed it fully. 关于其他事情，我们还没有充分讨论。

8. B【句意】城邦之间不断的冲突导致了希腊文明最终的衰落。

【解析】continual意为"经常不断的，常常的（中间可能有间隔）"，如：Continual smoking is bad to one's health．经常抽烟有害身体健康。continuous 指连续不断而且绝对不中断，如: The continuous work made me completely exhausted. 不间断的工作使我筋疲力尽。constant可用来指习惯性的重复，如：Constant practice will make you overcome difficulties．经常训练会使你克服困难。contrary作"相反的"讲，如：Any contrary policy is absolutely wrong. 任何相反的政策都是绝对错误的。

9. A【句意】用传统的墨水印刷大约需要三十美分，而防摩擦的墨水至少要贵十美分。

【解析】furthermore（此外，而且），meanwhile（同时）和moreover（再者，此外）均是副词，都不能引导从句。只有while是连词，意为"虽然"，含有让步之意，可以引导从句，如：While I admit that the problems are difficult, I don't agree that they cannot be solved. 虽然我承认这些问题很难，但我不认为它们不能解决。

10. A【句意】对这条建议，大家有些话要说。

【解析】"There is something （nothing, little, plenty）to be said for …"是一个句型，意为"……有一定（没有，几乎没有，很有）道理"，如：There is something to be said for both sides of the issue. 看起来争论的双方都有一定道理。

11. C【句意】如果没有你的帮助，我们不会克服那些困难。

【解析】根据句子结构，我们可以看出逗号后面是使用了虚拟语气的主句，因此，须填入表示与过去情况相反的虚拟条件句，"if it were not for …"这一结构表示同现在事实相反的假设，意为"如果不是……"，例如：If it weren't for his wife's money, he'd never be a director."如果不是他妻子有钱，他永远不会成为一名董事。If it were not for his help, I would never study here．如果没有他的帮助，我永远不会在这儿学习。因此，BIf it were not 错误。"if it had not been for …"的倒装形式为"had it not been for …"，表示与过去事实相反的假设，意为"如果当时没有……"，主句谓语形式是"would ＋have done"，例如：If it had not been for Dr. Li, he would have died of smallpox. 如果当初不是李医生的话，他已死于天花了。Had it not been for his carelessness, the project wouldn't have failed. 当时如果不是他粗心的话，这项工程不会失败。因此，C. Had it not been正确，A. Had it not错误（如果后跟been，就是正确的了），D. If we had not been无此结构。

12. A【句意】可能他听说了这条消息。

【解析】"（The）chances are （that）"常用于口语中，意为"很可能"，如：The chances are that he is staying at home. 他很可能呆在家里。

13. C【句意】尽管他知识渊博，也受过教育，但本质上比较愚蠢。

【解析】for all意为"尽管，虽然"，如：For all you say, I still like him. 尽管你这样说，我还是喜欢他。but for作"要不是，若非"讲，如：But for the rain, we should have had a pleasant journey. 要不是下雨，我们就会去做一次很愉快的旅行了。according to意为"依照，根据".thanks to则做"幸亏，由于"讲，如：Thanks to your help, we were successful. 由于你的帮忙，我们得以成功。

14. A【句意】一从日本回来，李教授直接去了实验室，开始和同事们一起工作。

【解析】"upon （on）+ 表示行为的名词"相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。

15. C【句意】就我来说，其他的安排可能更好。

【解析】"as far as … be concerned"是固定搭配，意为"就……来说，就……而论"，如：It is impossible as far as we are concerned. 对于我们来说，这是不可能的。so far意为"迄今为止"，如：The weather has been hot so far this summer. 到目前为止，今年夏天天气一直很热。as for意为"至于……"，后跟名词或代词，不可跟从句。如：As for my past, I'm not telling you anything. 至于我的历史，我什么都不会告诉你。so far from意为"非但不" ，如：So far from taking my advice, he went and did just what I warned him against. 他非但不接受我的劝告，反而去干了我告诫他别干的事。

16. B【句意】我一见到你，我知道你还在生我的气。

【解析】for a moment意为"一会儿"，in a moment做"立即，立刻"解，两者均可作时间状语。the moment 相当于as soon as，起连接作用，引导时间状语从句，如：The moment she saw it, she recognized the type of the machine. 她一看就认出了这台机器的型号。

17. A【句意】政府的腐败通过新闻界揭露了出来。

【解析】corruption意为"腐化，腐败"，如。Corruption among the officials was another cause for discontent. 官员腐化是引起不满的又一原因。cosmetic意为"化妆品"，如：Mother has a special cosmetic bag for keeping her cosmetics in. 母亲有一只专门放化妆品的化妆袋。cottage意为"小屋，别墅"，如：They have a summer cottage. 他们有处避暑别墅。costume意为"服装，戏装"，如：He was dressed in ceremonial costume. 他身穿礼服。

18. C【句意】当他在黑暗中行走的时候，他的头碰到了墙。

【解析】由于walk和主句主语his head没有任何逻辑关系，因此在这里不能使用walk的非谓语形式，也不能使用"while + -ing"形式做状语，否则就形成了悬垂结构。在这种情况下，到们只好使用when引导的状语从句，所以C正确。

19. D【句意】聋是一个用来形容部分或者全部丧失听力的术语。

【解析】根据句子的结构我们可以看出，该处应为主语，而四个选项中可以做主语的只有deafness，因此D为正确答案。

20. C【句意】众所周知，马克·吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。

【解析】根据句子结构我们可以看出，前面的句子是非限制性定语从句，四个选项中A和D不能引导此类从句，故应排除。Which引导的此类从句必须置于主句之后，因此B也不正确。as可以做关系词，做"正如…… 那样；如同……那样"讲，用来引导非限制性定语从句，这时，as指代整个主句，既可放在主句前，也可放在主句后，后一种情况往往被看做插入语，例如：As is known to us all, contributions to computer technology are no longer confined to any one country．大家都知道，对计算机技术做出贡献的，已经不像过去那样仅是某一个国家了。He did it on purpose，as is often the case．这是他故意干的，情况通常是这样。As we know, water is necessary for the existence of all forms of life. 我们知道，水对于切生物的生存是必不可少的。有些考生误选了it，他们错误地认为it做形式主语，后面的Mark Twain is a great American writer做真正的主语。如将句中的逗号省略掉，并代之以that，那么选it就是正确的了。

21. D【句意】太阳是星系的中心，而不是地球，在中世纪这是一个难以理解的概念。

【解析】根据句子结构我们可以看出。在was前面是一个主语从句，而主语从句必须有引导词。但A，B和C中都没有引导词，因此三个均错。D中that引导主语从句，在句中不做任何成分，只起引导词的作用，因而D是正确答案，如。That he will refuse the offer is unlikely．他拒绝这项建议的可能性不大。

22. A【句意】信不信由你，他的发现在科技界引起了震动。

【解析】believe it or not是习惯用语，常用于口语中，意为"信不信由你，我说的是真的".如：Believe it or not，he was granted a full scholarship by Harvard University.信不信由你，哈佛大学给他提供了全额奖学金。Believe it or not，I'm feeling quite homesick．我很想家，我说的是真话。

23. C【句意】世界上有数百万种物质。

【解析】million一词做数词时不加s，如：There are two million people in that city．那座市有200万人。另外，B中的that易使人认为它要引导一个名词性从句，而且million后加s时，要和of连用，D中it is 不表示"存在"之意。因此B和D错误。在there be结构中，谓语动词要和与之最近的主语在数上保持一致。句中的kinds是复数，要求其谓语动词也用复数形式。因此A错误而C正确。

24. C【句意】虽然人类现在可以创造出各种放射性元素，但是他们没有办法来减少其放射性。

【解析】while除了引导时间状语从句外，还可以引导让步状语从句，做"尽管，虽然"讲，有着强烈的对比意味，例如；While I admit his good points I can see his bad ones．虽然我承认他的优点，但我也能看得出他的缺点。whether引导让步状语从句时，通常与or连用，意为"不管……还是……"，例如。Whether you can see the moon or not，it is always round．不管你看见与否，月亮总是圆的。now that 意为"既然…… "，引导条件状语从句，从句内容是既成的事实，例如：Now that you will come here，I needn't go there．既然你要来，我就没必要到那儿去了。as也可以引导让步状语从句，但是该从句一般置于主句之前，且从句内容必须倒装，例如。Much as he likes her，he does get irritated with her sometimes．尽管他喜欢她，可有时他确实也对她发火。Try as he would，he could not lift the rock．虽然他尽力了，但仍不能搬动那块石头。

25. C【句意】对我来说，我认为一本英汉字典要比一本全英字典要好。

【解析】as for做"对……来说，就……而言"讲，如：As for her，she prefers tea to coffee．至于她, 则更喜欢茶而不是咖啡。as（so）far as意为"就……所……"如：As far as I know，there are no peaches on the market．就我所知，市场上没有桃子。as far不做为固定短语用。as regard也不做为固定短语用，坦as regards 是固定短语，意思是"至于"，如：Now，as regards money，what is to be done？至于钱的问题，该怎么办？

26. C【句意】我一回来就了解到史密斯教授已经到了博物馆，几个小时不会回来。

【解析】on用来指时间，表示"在……之时"，相当于at the same time of，后跟动名词或表示动作的名词，如：On his arrival in Qingdao he set to work in earnest一到青岛他就认真地干了起来。而at，with和during 则没有这种用法。

27. D【句意】摆脱了冰的束缚，气球越升越高，飘到了南方。

【解析】根据句于结构我们可以看出，该处应使用分词短语，表示原因，因此A和B应予以排除。又因为free和balloon具有逻辑上的动宾关系，所以C也可以排除。此处使用过去分词表示动作的被动和完成，如：Influenced by his example，they performed countless good deeds．在他事迹的影响下，他们做了无数的好事．

28. C【句意】曾经，曼彻斯特是世界上几个大棉厂的诞生地。

【解析】at one time意为"曾经，一度".如：At one time the little girl formed the habit of visiting Einstein after school every day.有一段时间，那个小女孩养成了个习惯，每天放学后都去看望爱因斯坦。选项A，B和D 都不能和one time构成短语，故只有C正确。

29. A【句意】直到最近，英国的大部分已婚妇女还没有离家工作。

【解析】before，from和since与quite recently连用，不符合语法；before quite recently一般要与过去完成时连用；from（since）quite recently一般要与现在完成进行时连用。until用在否定句中表示"直到……才"之意，如：It was not until the beginning of the century that man began to realize that it was the brain not the heart that was the center of mind．直到本世纪初，人们才逐渐认识到是大脑而不是心脏是思维活动的中心．由此可见，A是正确答案。

30. C【句意】正是从Stephen那里，他听说了被人称之为专家的那个人。

【解析】由于英语语法要求在同一个句号前，不可以有两个既不是并列关系，也不是从属关系的句子，故A不是正确答案。B，C和D都使用了强调句型，但通过运用这样一个规则"将强调句型中的it is（或was）和that（或who）省略掉，句子结构仍然应该是完整的"，就可看出只有C为正确答案。例如：It was this very student that had shown great interest in the problem．就是这个学生曾对这个问题表现出了极大的兴趣。

1. _______ should any money be given to a small child.

A. On no account

B. From all accounts

C. Of no account

D. By all accounts

2. _______ some mammals came to live in the sea is now known.

A. Which

B. Since

C. Although

D. How

3. ______ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.

A. Each

B. Any

C. Either

D. One

4. _______ such a good chance, he planned to learn more.

A. To be given

B. Having been given

C. Having given

D. Giving

5. _______ that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.

A. For

B. Now

C. Since

D. Despite

6. _______ that the trade between the two countries reached its highest point.

A. During the 1960's

B. That it was in the 1960's

C. It was in the 1960's

D. It was the 1960's

7. _______ that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed on construction sites by 90 percent.

A. So clever are the construction robots

B. So clever the construction robots are

C. Such construction robots are clever

D. Such clever construction robots are

8. _______ that you were out, I wouldn't have bothered to come all the way at that time of night.

A. If I should know

B. If I know

C. Had I known

D. Were I to know

9. _______ the advances of science, the discomforts of old age will no doubt always be with us.

A. As for

B. Despite

C. Except

D. Besides

10. _______ the claim about German economic might, it is somewhat surprising how relatively small the German economy actually is.

A. To give

B. Given

C. Giving

D. Having given

11. ______ the fact that he was in his seventies, the old man decided to swim across the channel.

A. At

B. Since

C. Despite

D. With

12. _______ the flood, the ship would have reached its destination on time.

A. In case of

B. In spite of

C. Because of

D. But for

13. _______ the library _______ the bookstore has the book I need. Will you tell me where I can get it?

A. Neither, nor

B. Neither, or

C. Either, or

D. Either, nor

14. _______ the sight of the police officers, the men ran off.

A. In

B. At

C. On

D. With

15. _______ the wall, we decided that we should need three tins of paint.

A. Making up

B. Doing up

C. Putting up

D. Sizing up.

16. _______ the whole, early American city planning was excellent.

A. In

B. From

C. On

D. Above

17. _______ we are having these days!

A. What a lovely weather

B. What lovely weathers

C. What lovely weather

D. What lovely a weather

18. _______ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.

A. For now

B. Now that

C. Ever since

D. By now

19. ______ when she started complaining.

A. Not until he arrived

B. Hardly had he arrived

C. No sooner had he arrived

D. Scarcely did he arrive

20. _______ whether he will come or not.

A. There is no telling

B. There is not telling

C. There is telling not

D. There is not to tell

21. _______ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.

A. When compared

B. Compare

C. While comparing

D. Comparing

22. _______ you as soon as I know what _______.

A. I'll phone…does happen

B. I'll phone…has happened

C. I am phoning…happen

D. I am going to phone…happens

23. _______ you need is a good rest.

A. Everything

B. Anything

C. All

D. Something

24. ______ your opinions are worth considering, the committee finds it unwise to place too much importance on them.

A. As

B. Since

C. Provided

D. While

25. _______ our poor record in school, we think you should study harder.

A. In spite of

B. In view of

C. In charge of

D. In case of

26. _______, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.

A. Other things being equal

B. Were other things equal

C. To be equal to other things

D. Other things to be equal

27. _______, he does not love her.

A. As he likes her very much

B. Though much he likes her

C. Much although he likes her

D. Much though he likes her

28. ______, Henry washed the cup and put it away.

A. Having drinking the coffee

B. Drinking the coffee

C. Having drunk the coffee

D. After drunk the coffee

29. _______, I'll love him all he same.

A. He were rich or poor

B. Be he rich or poor

C. Being rich or poor

D. Were he rich or poor

30. _______, the little girl can help her mother with some housework.

A. Y oung as she is

B. Y oung as is she

C. As she is young

D. As is she young

1. A【句意】决不能把任何钱交给一个小孩。

【解析】具有否定意义的短语on no account用做状语，意为"决不"，用于句首时，句子主谓要倒装。例如：On no account must we view problems superficially and in isolation.我们决不能仅从表面上孤立地看待问题，of no account意为"不重要的"，相当于形容词。例如：His speech was of no account．他的发言毫不重要。from all accounts和by all accounts意为"从（所有报纸等）的报道看"，例如：From（By）all accounts he has been to Guilin．根据各种说法，他去过桂林。From（By）all accounts he is a good doctor．根据各种说法，他是一位出色的医生。

2. D【句意】有些哺乳动物是如何开始在大海中成长的现在人们已经知道了。

【解析】根据句子结构我们可以看出，在is前面是一个主语从句。而since和although一般均引导状语从句，不引导名词性从句，故B和C应当排除。which作为连接代词，意为"哪些，哪个"，可以引导名词性从句，which在从句中一般做定语，如。The question is in which way we can carry out the test.问题是我们用什么方法才能进行这次测试。该句中已有some修饰mammals，再用which实属多余，因此A也可以排除。how做连接副调，意为"如何"，可以引导名词性从句，如：I want to know how he feels about working for 10 hours a day.我想知道他对一天工作10个小时是怎样想的。由此可见D为该题正确答案。

3. B【句意】任何有一点常识的学生应该能够回答这个问题。

【解析】any一般用在否定句或疑问句中（在肯定向中一般要用some），但是该词也可用于肯定句中，意为"任何，无论哪一个"，此时的any须重读。例如: The government is opposed to any further increase in

taxes．政府反对进一步增加税收。Any device that stores up electric charge is called an electric capacitor．任何储存电荷的装置都叫电容器。each做"各自的，每个的，每一"讲，例如：Each book and each pen is found in its place．每一本书每一支笔都放得并并有条。either用作形容词，意为"任一的，（两方中的）每一方的"，常和or连用，例如：In either case，whenever atoms are changed, energy is released．在任一情况下，每当原子发生变化时，总要释放出能量。

4. B【句意】给了这么好一个机会，他计划学到更多的东西。

【解析】该题旨在考查非谓语动词的用法。现在分词的完成式表示该分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示动作之前，而现在分词的一般式则表示该动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生，如：Relying on our own efforts，we overcame one difficulty after another．我们依靠自己的力量克服了一个又一个困难。Having worked among the workers for so many years，he knew them very well．由于在工人中工作多年，他对他们非常了解。根据句意，该处应用被动语态，故B为正确答案，而C和D错误。不定式一般用作目的状语，表示将来的动作，如：To generate a current by magnetic action，a wire is made to pass through a mangnetic field．为了通过磁作用来产生电流，可以使用导线切割磁场。To do a good job，we must have the right tools．要干好活工具要对头。可见A也错误。

5. B【句意】由于我的头脑已经清醒了，我的大脑也开始里灵活起来。

【解析】now that是复合连词．意为"既然，由于"，如：Now that you've grown up，you must stop this childish behavior. 你既然长大了，就必须停止这种幼稚的行为。for和since接从句时，都不和that连用，despite 后要跟名词，所以正确答案是B.

6. C【句意】正是在二十世纪六十年代，这两个国家的贸易达到了顶点。

【解析】该题旨在考查强调句型。我们知道，英语强调句型的结构是"It + is （was）+ 被强调部分+ that （who）+ 句子其他部分".被强调部分可以是主语、宾语或状语，如：It was Tom that（who）met your sister in the zoo yesterday．是汤姆昨天在动物园碰到你姐姐的。It was your sister that（whom）Tom met in the zoo yesterday．汤姆昨天在动物园碰到的是你姐姐。It was in the zoo that Tom met your sister yesterday．汤姆昨天是在动物园碰到你姐姐的。It was yesterday that Tom met your sister in the zoo．汤姆是昨天在动物园碰到你姐姐的。根据句意，该题强调的是时间状语，可见只有C能与之构成完整的强调句型，为正确答案。

7. A【句意】建筑用机器人是如此的聪明，以至于他们能够减少工地用工量的百分之九十。

【解析】such（A用在名词前（带或不带形容词），so用在形容词前（不带名词），例如：She was embarrassed at such a request．对这样的请求她感到很为难。She was anxious about her daughter being out so late at night．女儿晚上外出，很晚不归，她为此担心。"so + 形容词+ a（n）+ 名词"结构常用于书面语。例如：I has never met so gentle a person．This is so beautiful a country．这是一个非常美丽的国家。用so和such的词组，后面可跟that引导的结果状语从句，例如：She made such a good meal that we all ate far too much．她莱烧得这么好，我们都吃得太多了。根据句意及结构，C Such construction robots are clever和Dsuch clever construction robots are错误，可改为They are such clever construction robots…。so或such引起的短语位于句首，表示强调时，主句主谓要倒装。例如：So clever is the boy that we all like him．小孩子十分聪明，我们都喜欢他。Such was the force of explosion that all the windows were broken．爆炸的威力很大，所有的窗子都震坏了。因此，A正确而B错误。

8. C【句意】如果我知道你出去了，晚上那个时间我不会去打扰你。

【解析】根据句意，此处应使用虚拟语气，因此B错误。A尽管使用了虚拟语气，但它表示的是对一般将来情况的虚拟，所以时态不正确。为了表示语气上的强调，虚拟条件句中可以省略if，而此时从句应使用倒装结构，如：Had he taken a little more time to think，he might have acted more reasonably．如果他再多用一点时间思考一下，他的行动就可能会更理智些。尽管D也使用了倒装结构，但它表示的是对一般将来的虚拟，时态不正确。可见只有C正确。

9. B【句意】尽管科技进步了，人老以后带来的各种不便会伴随着我们。

【解析】despite意为"尽管，不顾"，引导让步状语，如：He persisted in going his own way，despite my

warnings．他不顾我的再三警告，一意孤行。as for意为"至于……，就……而言"，如：As for it，I will say nothing any more．至于这件事情，我不再说什么了。except意为"除……之外"，表示排除与整体性质相同的人或物，如：He gets up early every day except on Sunday．除星期日外，他每天早起。besides意为"除……之外"，如：Besides English he can speak French and German. 除了会说英语外。他还会说法语和德语。由此可见，B是正确答案。

10. B【句意】考虑到德国对其经济实力所作的声明，德国经济实力的弱小实在让人惊讶。

【解析】过去分词短语作状语一般要和句子主语有逻辑动宾关系，但是有时句子中的过去分词虽然和句子主语不是逻辑动宾关系，但却符合语法，因为这些过去分词功能相当于一个连词或介词，given就是其中之一。given可用作介词，意为"考虑到,假定，假若"，例如：Given the weather，the football game was quite good．考虑到天气因素，这场足球赛踢得相当不错。Given that he was still a boy，I forgave him.考虑到他还是个孩子，我就原谅他了。

11. C【句意】尽管自己已经七十多岁了，这位老人还是决定游过海峡。

【解析】本句意为"尽管老人已70多岁，他还是决定要横游过海峡。"despite在此是介词，意为"尽管"，如：Despite a shortage of steel，industrial output has increased by five percent．尽管钢材供应不足，工业产量仍增长了5％。其他三项均不符合本意思。

12. D【句意】要不是这次洪水，这艘船就会准时到达目的地了。

【解析】would have reached是虚拟语气形式，根据句意，需填入表示虚拟条件的从句或类似结构，因此，选but for. but for意为"倘没有；要不是"，它与后面的名词所构成的结构的作用相当于虚拟条件状语从句，例如：But for（Had it not been for）your help，we should not have finished in time．要不是你帮忙，我们不会及时完工。in case of 意为"假如；如果发生，防备"，例如；In case of fire，walk quietly to the nearest door．如发生火灾，要镇静地走向最近的门口。in spite of 意为"虽然，不顾，尽管……仍……"，例如：In spite of all his efforts he failed．他虽然做了各种努力，仍然失败了, because of意为"因为"，例如：I said nothing about it，because of his wife's being there．因为他的妻子在那里，我对这事一字未提。

13. A【句意】图书馆和书店都没有我需要的书。你能告诉我在那能够买得到吗？

【解析】"neither…nor…"和"either…or…"均为固定搭配，连接两个相等的成分。因此B和D应该排除。"either…or…"连接两个相等的成分时，意为"或者……，或者……"，两者必具其一。根据第二句话，我们知道在the library和the bookstore均没有"我"所需要的书，故C也应排除．因此只有A是正确答案．

14. B【句意】一看到警察，人们四散跑去了。

【解析】at（the）sight of的意思是"一看见……就"，如：She wept at the sight of his distress．一宕见他那痛苦的样子她就流泪了。in sight或within sight意为"看得见，迫近"，如：Peace is now in sight. 和平在望。in the sight of意为"从……观点来看，在……看来"，如：He was punishable in the sight of law．从法律的角度来看他该受罚。

15. D【句意】考虑到墙的面积，我们认为我们需要三罐油漆。

【解析】size up意为"判断，估量"，如：They sized him up with a look．他们一眼就看出他是什么样的人了make up意为"构成，化妆"，如：A car is made up of many different parts．汽车由许多不同的部件组成。do up意为"扎，捆"，如：Y ou should do up the parcel．你应把这个包裹捆上．put up意为"举起，建造"，如：put your hands up举起手来。

16. C【句意】总的来说，美国早期的城市规划是不错的。

【解析】on the whole是固定搭配，意为"从整体来看，大体上"，如：On the whole，the performance was

a success. 从整体来看，演出是成功的。

17. C【句意】这些天的天气是多好啊。

【解析】weather是不可数名词，所以A可以排除。how引导感叹句时后面一般用形容词或副词，而what引导感叹句时应一般用名词（包括不可数名词），据此D也可以排除。weather为复数时一般指"处境，境遇"，故B也不合适。由此可见只有C是正确答案。（可参见薄冰的《英语语法》P.496上的例句：What

delightful weather we are having!这天气多好呀！）

18. B【句意】既然我们上完了课程，我们就要开始做更多的修改工作。

【解析】根据句子结构我们可以看出，这里需要一个关联词来引导出一个状语从句。since或now that 或now可以用来引导原因状语从句，从句内容是一个既定的事实，例如：Now that you will come here，I needn't go there．既然你要来，我就没必要到那儿去了。ever since后既可跟名词也可跟从句，表示"自从……以来".如用在此处，则不合乎逻辑，例如：He has not written any letters to her ever since he was ill．自从他生病以来，他从未给她写过信。by now只能作状语，不能引导从句，意为"到目前为止"，例如：She ought to have arrived at her office by now．她现在本该到办公室了．虽然for可以引导表示原因的分句，但该分句要位于第一个分句之后，例如：I don't like him，for he always makes empty promises．我不喜欢他，因为他总是作一些空头许诺．

19. B【句意】她以来就开始抱怨。

【解析】句型"hardly（scarcely）…when"和"no sooner…than"表示"一……就"，例如：No sooner had he arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey．他刚到家就被要求做另一次旅行。Hardly had she agreed to marry him when she began to have serious doubts．她刚同意同他结婚，就开始产生严重的疑虑。Scarcely had he entered the room when the phone rang．他一进房间电话就响了。因此，B正确而C错误。由于主句谓语动词arrive要先于从句谓语动词start，因此从句使用一般过去时时，主句只能使用过去完成时，所以，D错误。not until或"not…until"意为"直到……才"，用来引导时间状语从句，例如：Not until midnight did they find their lost child．直到深夜他们才找到走失的孩子。根据句子结构，not until he arrived若用在这里，整个句子就没有主句了，犯了结构不完整的错误，因此，A也不是正确答案。

20. A【句意】他不可能来。

【解析】"There is no doing sth.…"或"There is not any doing sth.…"相当于"It is impossible to do sth.…"，意为"做……是不可能的"，如：There is no knowing when he would be back．无法知道他什么时候回来．又如：There is not any telling what became of her．她出什么事了，无可奉告。

21. A【句意】和整个地球相比，世界上最高的山也不算高。

【解析】由于句子主语the highest mountain与动词compare是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此这里不能使用现在分词作状语，故D错误。有的学生认为可以将动词原形compare用于祈使句，但是由于compare是及物动词，其后要跟宾语，而且由于在同一个句号前不可以出现两个既不是并列关系，也不是从属关系的句子，故B不是正确答案。when和while等连词引导时间状语从句时，当从句主语和主句主语一致，而且从句动词是be的形式时，可以将从句的主语和be的变化形式省略，A和C都符合这一规定，但是由于compare 和被省略掉的主语the highest mountain是逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处只能使用过去分词，例如：When deeply absorbed in what he was reading，which he often was，he forgot all other things. 他常常聚精会神地读书,这时他就会把其他一切事情全忘掉。

22. B 【句意】我一知道发生了什么事，我就给你打电话。

【解析】as soon as引导时间状语从句时，从句中通常用一般时替代将来时，主句则用将来时。据此，可以排除 C.be going to do sth. 虽也表示将来，但侧重"打算做某事，安排好做某事"，故D也应予以排除。A中的does happen强调谓语，此处不合题意。B中的has happened强调某种结果，符合题意，因此B为正确答案。

23. C【句意】你需要的就是休息。

【解析】anything常用于疑问句和否定句。虽然something可用于肯定句中，但表示"某事，某物"之意。all在现代英语中可以作一个句子的主语、宾语或补语，但后面需接一个定语从句．在这种情况下，all可能有两个含义：一个相当于everything，另一个相当于the only thing（s）。根据句子结构，此处all作第二层意思讲。因此C为正确答案，A，B和D均不正确。

24. D【句意】尽管你的意见值得考虑，委员会认为它不值得重视。

【解析】as可用来引导时间状语从句、方式状语从句和让步状语从句，分别意为"当……时候，随着……"，

"正如"，"虽然，尽管"，该词引导让步状语从句时，从句要位于主句前，而且从句内容要倒装，例如：Successful as he is，he is not proud．他虽然成功了，却不骄傲。provided用来引导条件状语从句，意为"只要"，例如：I will lend you my book provided that you keep it clean．只要不把书搞脏，我会把书借给你．since t用来引导时间状语从句和原因状语从句，意为"自从；因为"，例如：He has written once since he left．他自去后曾来过一封信。连词while不但可以引导时间状语从句，而且还可以引导让步状语从句，作"尽管"讲，例如：English and French are living languages while Latin is dead．英语和法语是现在都有人说的语言，而拉丁语现在却没有人说了。

25. B【句意】考虑到你在学校里的成绩是如此之差，我们认为你应当努力学习。

【解析】in view of意为"考虑到，鉴于"，如：In view of his youth，the police have decided not to continue with the case against him．念在他年轻，警方决定不对他起诉．而in spite of作"尽管，不顾"讲，如：I went out in spite of the rain．尽管下雨，我仍然外出。in charge of意为"主管，掌管"，如。She is in charge of the work now. 她目前掌管这一工作。in case of意为"假使，如果发生"，如：In case of fire，ring the alarm bell. 万一有火情，请按警铃。

26. A【句意】其他条件相同的情况下，表达流畅的人要比语言能力差的人更容易成功。

【解析】从句子结构可以看出，本句的前面部分是表示条件的状语，other things being equal是一个分独立结构，可以作条件状语，如：Other things being equal，a shorter statement is preferred．其他条件相同的情况下，优先选用较短的陈述。除在极个别的情况下，分词作状语时，应与句子的主语存在一定的逻辑关系（主谓或动宾关系），否则该分词就应该有自己的逻辑主语或逻辑宾语，来构成"名词或代词+ 分词"结构，即独立分词结构，独立分词结构一般可置于句首，也可置于句末，用来表示原因、时间、条件、方式或伴随情况等，如：The experiment being over，the students began their discussion．做完实验，学生们开始讨论。Silver is the best conductor，copper following behind．银是最好的导体，铜次之。Were other things equal是虚拟语气条件从句，而后面的句子是陈述语气，To be equal to other things是不定式，可以作目的状语，但不能作条件状语，Other things to be equal这样的结构不存在，因此，正确答案是A.

27. D【句意】尽管他喜欢她，但他不能爱她。

【解析】though，although和as均可引导让步状语从句，作"即使，尽管"讲，as引导的让步状语从句必须使用倒装语序．如：Complex as is the orbit of the moon, it is possible to predict unerringly eclipses many years in advance of their occurrence．尽管月球的运行轨道很复杂，但是人们仍然能提前许多年准确无误地预报日（月）食。因此，A不对。although从句必须使用正常语序，所以C不对。though既可用倒袋，也可用正常语序，故D正确。尽管B采用了倒装，但是much放的位置不对，故也不是正确答案。

28. C【句意】喝过咖啡，Henry洗了被子放了起来。

【解析】after是介词，后需接动名词，而drunk是过去分词，因此D错误。英语中没有have drinking sth．这一说法，所以A也错误。B的结构虽然正确，但现在分词一般时作时间状语时，一般表示该动作与主句谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，因此B不合题意。C使用现在分词的完成时，表示该动作在主句谓语动词表示的动作以前发生，如：Having failed to qualify as a doctor，I took up teaching．我由于没能取得当医生的资格，便从事了教学工作．所以C为正确答案。

29. B【句意】不管是贫是福，我都会爱他。

【解析】be he rich or poor是让步状语从句，相当于whether he is rich or poor，如：All magnets behave the same, be they large or small. 磁铁无论大小作用都是一样的。

30. A【句意】尽管年纪还小，这个小女孩能够帮她母亲做些家务。

【解析】as可以引导让步状语从句时，可以把形容词、副词和名词提前，当名词提前时，不加冠词。

1. _______, the story of Snow White appeals to many adult readers, too.

A. Though it written for children

B. Though written for children

C. Though for children written

D. It was written for children

2. _______, work songs often exhibit the song culture of a people in a fundamental form.

A. They occur where they are

B. Wherever they occur

C. Occurring where

D. Where do they occur

3. "A man was slightly injured in an accident. " This tells us that his injury was _______.

A. deadly

B. very serious

C. fatal

D. not serious

4. "Do you know Canada?" "No, _______ there. "

A. I've never been

B. I'd never been

C. I've never gone

D. I'd never gone

5. "Does anybody want an extra ticket to go to the movies? ""Who would you rather _______ with you. George or me?"

A. to go

B. have go

C. have gone

D. going

6. "Have you a table for two?" I asked. The waiter replied, "This _______, please. "

A. path

B. line

C. way

D. road

7. "Here is the money I promised, " he said, "I always _______ my promise. "

A. agree

B. follow

C. make

D. keep

8. "I'd like you to _______ me some clothes. " said the customer .

A. show

B. see

C. explain

D. provide

9. "I'm not going to buy the book. " "___________. It's too expensive. "

A. I don't either

B. Neither am I

C. So am I

D. I'm not, too

10. "John isn't here now. " "_______ left by the back door?"

A. Must he have

B. Might he have

C. Had he

D. Should he have

11. "Michael left for California this morning. " "Oh, I thought he _______until next week. "

A. hadn't been going

B. isn't going

C. won't be going

D. wasn't going

12. "Not until science became prominent _______ be abolished", some people argue.

A. did slavery come to

B. slavery to

C. had slavery come to

D. that slavery came to

13. "To say is one thing, and to do is another. " _______ the old saying goes.

A. like

B. as

C. for

D. with

14. " We're late. The play has started." "I wonder how long ago _________."

A. did it begin

B. it began

C. was it beginning

D. it has begun

15. "Where can I find Jim?" "He is _______ his work. He won't leave the lab until 6:00 p. m. "

A. on

B. over

C. at

D. under

16. A _______ of the long report by the budget committee was submitted to the mayor for approval.

A. shorthand

B. scheme

C. schedule

D. sketch

17. A completely new situation will _______ when the examination system comes into existence.

A. rise

B. arise

C. raise

D. arouse

18. A Dream of the Red Chamber is said _______ into dozens of languages in the last decade.

A. to have been translated

B. to translate

C. to be translated

D. to have translated

19. It's urgent that a meeting _____ before the final decision is made.

A. will be arranged

B. must be arranged

C. be arranged

D. would be arranged

20. No one doubts _____ it is true.

A. whether

B. if

C. that

D. what

21. A good many houses _______ knocked down by the earthquake.

A. was

B. were

C. is

D. are

22. A good teacher must know how to _______ his ideas.

A. convey

B. display

C. consult

D. confront

23. A good teacher should not confront his pupils _______ too much information in one lesson.

A. by

B. with

C. from

D. about

24. A large part of human activity, particularly in relation to the environment, is _______ conditions or events.

A. in response to

B. in favor of

C. in contrast to

D. in excess of

25. A love marriage, however, does not necessarily _______ much sharing of interests and responsibilities.

A. take over

B. result in

C. hold on

D. keep to

26. A man escaped from the prison last night. It was a long time _______ the guards discovered what had happened.

A. before

B. until

C. since

D. when

27. A man has to make _______ for his old age by putting aside enough money to live on when old.

A. supply

B. assurance

C. provision

D. adjustment

28. A neat letter improves your chances of a favorable _______.

A. circumstance

B. request

C. reception

D. response

29. A new technique _______, the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.

A. working out

B. having worked out

C. having been worked out

D. to have been worked out

30. A person who makes wise decisions has _______.

A. a good brain

B. a good intention

C. good judgement

D. good imagination

1. B【句意】尽管是为小孩写的，但白雪公主的故事对许多成年人同样具有吸引力。

【解析】though可以引导让步状语从句，当从句的主语和主句的主语一致，而且从句的谓语动词是be 的形式时，可将从句的主语和be的形式省略，如：Though born in Chicago，the writer wrote many stories about New Y ork City．那位作家虽然生在芝加哥，却写了许多关于纽约的小说。因此B为正确答案。A中没有省略主语it，因而错误。C中过去分词短语后置，D中缺少从属连词，所以C和D也错误。

2. B【句意】不论在什么地方，劳动号子以最基本的形式表现了这个民族的文化。

【解析】wherever用作连接副词，意为"无论在哪里"，引导一个让步状语从句，如：Wherever you go，you will always find the same thing．不论你走到哪里，你总会发现同样的事情。由此可见，B既符合语法又符合题意，为正确答案。A为一个分句，和下文之间缺少连接词，故不正确。C为现在分词短语，其中where 后没接任何成分，不合语法，也不正确。D为一特殊疑问句，不符合整个句子结构，也应排除。

3. D【句意】"有人在车祸中受了轻伤"，这说明受的伤是什么样的？

【解析】deadly意为"致命的，（可能）致死的"，如：Fog is one of the sailor's deadliest enemies．雾是水手的死敌之一。serious意为"严重的"，如：His illness is nothing serious．他的病一点也不严重。fatal意为"致命的，悲惨的"，如：They cyclist was knocked down by a lorry and received fatal injuries．那个骑自行车的人被卡车撞成重伤。原题中slightly意为"轻微地，不严重地"，据此可以看出正确答案应为D.

4. A【句意】"你了解加拿大吗？""不了解，我从来没有去过那里。"

【解析】过去完成时需有过去时间作参照，以表示出"过去的过去"这么一个概念，如：The train had left when I got to the station．我到达车站时，火车已经开走了。因此B和D均不合适。have been to someplace 和have gone to someplace的区别在于：前者说明"去过某地，现在已不在那里了"；后者说明"已经去了某地，现在在那里或在去那里的路上，不在这里".很显然，C有悖常识。故只能选A.

5. B【句意】"还有人需要票去看看电影吗？""你希望谁去？你、乔治还是我？"

【解析】我们首先将第二个句子改写为正常语序的句子：Y ou would rather have whom go with you, George or me？我们就不难看出go是省略了to的不定式，作宾语whom的补足语。

6. C【句意】"还有双人桌吗？"我问道。服务员答道"这边清。"

【解析】"This way，please．"是用来给别人引路时的专门用语，意为"请这边走". path，line和road皆无此用法。

7. D 【句意】"这就是我答应给你的钱"，他说道，"我一直遵守诺言。"

【解析】agree一般为不及物动词，意为"同意，赞同"，常用于词组agree with sb．或agree to a plan （suggestion），如：I don't agree with what you said．我不同意你的话。follow意为"听从，遵循，领会"，如：I regret not having followed your advice．我后悔没有听你的劝告。make a promise是固定搭配，意为"许诺"，如：He made a promise that he would come to help me with physics．他答应要来帮我学物理。而keep a promise 是"信守诺言"，如：One should keep his promise．人应该信守诺言。由此可见D为正确答案。

8. A【句意】"我希望你给我看些衣服。"这位顾客说道。

【解析】Show sb. sth.是固定搭配，意为"给某人看某物", 如：Will you kindly show us that coat over there？请把那儿的上衣拿给我们看看好吗？see后面不能接双宾语，explain常用于explain sth．to sb．结构中，如: The teacher explained the text in detail to the students．老师详细地给学生讲解课文。provide用于provide sb．with sth．结构中，如：The Red Cross provides the orphans with food and clothes．红十字会给孤儿们提供衣食。

9. B【句意】"我不会去买那本书。""我也不去，这本书太贵了。"

【解析】so和neither放在句首、且句子主谓倒装时，可以表示前一种情况也适合于后者，so用于肯定

的情况，而neither则用于否定的情况。所以B正确而C错误．A不合适，因为A中的助动词和前面句子中的助动词不同。D也不正确，因为too作"也"讲时，一般用在肯定句中，而不用于否定句中。

10. B【句意】"约翰现在不在这里，它可能从后门走了吗？"

【解析】句型might have done表示对过去发生的可能性很小的推断，例如。A word of encouragement might have made me respect instead of hate him．一句鼓励的话或许就会使我尊敬他不是仇视他了。句型must have done表示对过去情况的肯定推断，意为"一定，想必"，例如：He must have forgotten to wind the clock last night，didn't he？他昨晚准是忘记给表上弦了，不是吗？句型should have done表示"过去应该做但未做"，这是虚拟语气的一种特殊表达方式，例如：Y ou should have snatched a free moment for writing a letter．你本应抽空写封信。

11. D【句意】"Michael今天早晨去了加利福尼亚。""我以为他下周才来。"

【解析】英语中有些动词，如go，arrive，get，come，leave，have等，可用其过去进行时来表示过去将来的动作，如：He said that he was arriving in ten minutes.他说10分钟后就会赶到的。A为过去完成进行时，不符合题意，B和C的时态搭配错误，因而只有D是正确答案。

12. A【句意】"直到科学变得重要起来，奴隶制度才被推翻。"有人说到。

【解析】如果选B，则主句中没有谓语动词；如选D，则会有两个从句，而没有主句，因此B和D都错误。如果选择A或C，直接引语部分构成一个主从复合句，根据句意，主句表示的动作发生在从句之后，因此，主句中的谓语动词也应使用一般过去时。例如：The greedy old woman ate and ate until she was full up．这个贪婪的老太婆不停地吃，一直吃到很饱为止。另外，需要注意的是，当否定词或含有否定意义的词组位于句首作状语时，主谓颠倒。常见的否定词和具有否定意义的词组有：at no time, by no means, few, hardly in neither case, in no case, in no time, in no way, in vain, little, neither, never, no more, no sooner，nor，not，not once，not only，not until，on no account，rarely，scarcely，seldom，still less，under no condition，under no circumstances等，例如：Never in my life have l seen such a wonderful place.我一生中从来没见过如此美丽的地方。Not only was Churchill a statesman，but also a great writer.丘吉尔不但是一位政治家，而且也是一位伟大的作家。

13. B【句意】正如谚语所说，"说说是一码事，做起来又是一码事".

【解析】as可作连词，引导方式状语从句，意为"正如……，如同……"，如：As luck would have it，I caught the last bus．幸运的是，我赶上了末班车。根据句子结构，这里需要一个连词引导从句，故A和D 错误。for是并列连词，连接并列分句，用在此处也不会题意。

14. B【句意】"我们来晚了。戏剧已经开始了。我不知道是什么时候开始的。"

【解析】在这里关系副词短语how long ago引导的是一个宾语从句，因此从句中主谓不倒装。另外，在由"…ago"短语作状语的句子中，谓语动词一般要使用一般过去时，所以B是惟一正确答案。

15. C【句意】"在哪可以找到Jim？""他正忙着工作，直到下午六点钟才离开实验室。"

【解析】be at sth．是固定搭配，相当于be busy with sth．或be engaged in sth.，有"忙于……"的意思。

16. D 【句意】预算委员会所作报告的概要被送交市长等待审批。

【解析】sketch意为"略述，纲要"，如：The speaker amused us with a sketch of city life in the 1890's，讲演者给我们略述了19世纪90年代都市生活的概况，听起来很有意思。shorthand作"速记"讲，如：the secretary made shorthand notes．这位秘书作了速记。scheme意为"计划，方案"，如：He has contrived a scheme for the term's work. 他已拟定了这个学期的工作计划．schedule作"日程表，时刻表，进度表"讲，如：Has he made the examination schedule yet？他把考试日程安排好了没有？

17. B 【句意】一种新的考试制度出现时，一种崭新的情况就会出现。

【解析】arise本意"起来，起身，升起"，作"出现，产生，发生"的意思讲时常用于抽象事物，如：The audience arose and remained standing．观众起身站着。rise意为"升起，上升，增高"，如：As the wind rose to eighty miles an hour，tree after tree crashed down．当风速升到每小时80英里时，树一棵棵地倒了下来。raise意为"举起，增加，引起"，如：The scientists are developing a new machine to raise labor efficiency．科学

家们正在研制一种新机器以提高劳动效率。arouse意为"唤醒，引起，激起"，是及物动词，后面一般限一个抽象名词作宾语，如：Chopin aroused very complicated emotions in her．肖邦的作品在她心中激起了异常复杂的感情。

18. A【句意】《红楼梦》据说在过去的十年中被翻译成了数十种语言。

【解析】本题旨在考查不定式的时态和语态。不定式的完成式表示不定式的动作在谓语动词的动作之前发生，如；He is said to have written a new book about workers．据说他又写了一本关于工人的书。当不定式的逻辑主语为该不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式要用被动语态，如：It is an honor for me to be asked to make a speech here．我很荣幸应邀在这里演讲。根据句意我们知道，本句中的不定式的动作在谓语动词之前发生，又因为句子的主语与该不定式具有逻辑上的动宾关系，所以应用不定式的完成式，故A正确。C的时态不符合题意，D忽略了主语和不定式之间的逻辑关系，而B既不符合时态，又忽略了主语和不定式之间的逻辑关系、由此可见，B，C和D都不是正确答案。

19. A【句意】在做出决定之前，我们急需要安排一次会议。

【解析】考察主语从句中虚拟语气的应用。当表语为important, urgent等形容词时，主语从句使用虚拟语气，形式为（should）+动词原形。

20. C 【句意】没有人怀疑这是真的。

【解析】I doubt whether/if…我怀疑。I don't doubt that …我毫不怀疑。又如：I doubt whether he can speak English. 我怀疑他是否会说英语。

21. B【句意】许多房子在地震中倒塌了。

【解析】a good many意为"相当多，很多"，后面要跟复数名词，谓语动词也应是复数形式，并且本句所讲述的是过去发生的动作，所以应用过去时。

22. A【句意】优秀的教师必须知道如何表达自己的思想。

【解析】convey此处意为"传达"，如：This picture will convey to you some idea of the beauty of the scenery．这幅画将把那里秀丽的风景向你传达一二。display则意为"展示，表现"，如：Our soldiers displayed no rear under the enemy's fire．我们的战士在敌人的炮火下毫无惧色。consult作"请教，咨询，查阅"讲，如：Have you consulted your doctor about your illness？你有没有看过医生？confront意为"面临，遭遇"，如: The soldiers were confronted by two terrorists as they left their camp．士兵们离开营房时碰到两个恐怖分子。

23. B【句意】优秀的教师不应当在一堂课里面给学生灌输太多的知识。

【解析】confront with是一个固定搭配，意为"使……面临，使……面对"，如：The new system was confronted with great difficulties at the start．新制度开始时进到很大困难。

24. A【句意】大部分人类的活动，特别是和环境相联系的活动都是特定条件和特定事件的反映。

【解析】in response to意为"响应，反应，回答"，如：He opened the door in response to a knock．听到敲门声，他去开门。in favor of作"赞成，支持"讲，如：Are you in favor of early marriage？你赞成早婚吗？in contrast to意为"与……相反。与……相对照".如：In contrast to your belief that we shall fail，Iknow we shall succeed．你认为我们会失败，正好相反，我知道我们会成功。in excess of作"多于，超出"讲，如：He advised his son never to spend in excess of his income．他劝儿子绝对不可以入不敷出。

25. B【句意】美满的婚姻并不一定能够带来共同的兴趣和责任。

【解析】result in意为"结果，导致"，如：These safety measures will result in the reduction of work accidents．这些安全措施将减少工伤事故。take over意为"接受，接管"，如：He told the assistant to takeover for him during his absence．他要助手在他不在时接替他的工作。hold on意为"紧握，等一会"，如：Hold on a minute till I put on my coat．等一下，我穿上大衣。keep to意为"遵守，坚持"，如：we must keep to the style of hard struggle and plain living．我们必须保持艰苦奋斗的作风。由此可见B最符合题意。

26. A【句意】昨晚有人越狱，好长时间后，狱警才知道发生了什么事。

【解析】"It's… before"句型表示"（……之后）才……"之意，如：It was several weeks before I got a decent night's rest．几星期以后我才得以好好地睡了一夜。故A符合题意。until意为"直到……为止"，在否定句中

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27. C 【句意】人必须为他的老年做准备，预备足够的钱以备年老时用。

【解析】provision意为"准备，预备"，如：They spent all their money and made no provision for the future．他们把钱都用光了，未留日后需用。assurance意为"保证"，如：He gave me his assurance that he would come．他向我保证他会来的。supply作"储备．供应"讲，常与介词of连用，如：we have a good supply of water here．我们这里的水供应充足。adjustment意为"调整，调节"，如：He is making some adjustments to his plan．他正调整他的计划。

28. D【句意】一封漂亮的信可以提高回信的机率。

【解析】response意为"回答，答复"，符合题合，如：My letter of inquiry brought no response．我的询问信始终未得到回音。circumstance常用复数，意为"情形，环境，状况"，如：Don'judge the crime until you know the circumstances．在你未了解一切情况之前，勿对罪行下判断。request作"请求，要求"讲，如：The professor gave us a lecture at our request．应我们的要求，教授给我们讲了一课。reception意为"接待，招待会"，如: We have a special room for the reception of patients. 我们为病人设了专门的接待室。

29. C【句意】新技术的使用使得去年的产量增加了百分之二十。

【解析】根据句子结构，我们可以看出这里应使用独立分词结构。故D错误。由于动词work out和a new technique是逻辑动宾关系，故此处只能使用过去分词的独立结构或使用被动语态的现在分词独立结构，例如：Machines having been used，People do more work with less energy. 由于使用了机器，人们就能用较少的力气，干较多的工作。

30. C【句意】一个做出明智决定的人一定有很强的判断力。

【解析】a good brain意为"很聪明"，如：He has such a good brain that he is quick at learning anything．他很聪明，学什么都快。a good intention 意为"好的意图"，good imagination意思是"丰富的想像力"，而good judgement则用来表了"判断力强"，如：He is a man of good judgement．他是一个判断力很强的人。根据句子结构及题意可知C为正确答案。

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. Word 资料 词 汇 表 (Vocabulary) A abandon 放弃，抛弃 ability 能力，智能，才能 aboard 在船（飞机，车）上 absence 缺席，不在场 absolute 绝对的，完全的 absolutely 绝对地，极其，完全地 absorb 吸收 abuse 虐待 academic 学院的，学术的 accelerate 加速，促进 accent 腔调，口音，重音 accept 接受，认可 acceptance 接受，接纳，承认 accident 事故，意外的事 accompany 陪伴，伴随 accomplish 完成 accordance 一致 account 账，账目，说明，解释 accumulate 积累，积聚 accurate 准确的，精确的 accuse 谴责，指控，告发 accustomed 惯常的，习惯的 ache 疼痛，酸痛 achieve 完成，达到，获得 achievement 完成，成绩，成就 acid 酸，酸性物质，酸的 acquaintance 熟人，相识 acquire 取得，获得 acre 英亩 across 横越，在…那边 act 行为，动作，表演 action 行动，动作 active 活动的，活跃的，积极的 activity 活动 actor 男演员 actress 女演员 actual 实际的，现实的 actually 实际上 A.D. 公元 addition 加法，增加 additional 附加的，另外的 adequate 足够的，恰当的 adjective 形容词 adjust 调节，调整 administration 管理，经营，行政机关，政府 admire 羡慕，赞赏，钦佩 admit 允进入，接纳，承认 adopt 收养，采取，通过 adult 成人 advance 推进，促进，前进 advanced 前进的，先进的 advantage 优点，有利条件 adventure 冒险，惊险活动 adverb 副词 advertisement 广告 advice 忠告，意见 advise 忠告，劝告，通知 affair 事，事情，事件 affect 影响 affection 爱，感情 afford 担负得起，买得起 afraid 担心的，害怕的 Africa 非洲 African 非洲人，非洲的 after 在…之后 against 对着，反对，靠 agent 代理人，代表 agreement 同意，一致，协定 aggressive 挑衅的，放肆的 agriculture 农业 aid 援助，救援 aim 志在，旨在，目标 aircraft 飞机，飞行器 airline 航空公司，（飞机）航线 airport 航空站，机场 awkward 尴尬的 alarm 惊恐，忧虑，报警 alcohol 酒精，乙醇 alike 相同的，相像的 alive 活着的，活跃的 allow 允， 承认 almost 几乎，差不多 along 向前，沿着 aloud 出声地，大声地 alphabet 字母表 alter 改变，变更 although 虽然，即使 altogether 完全，总之 amaze 使惊愕，使惊叹 ambition 雄心，野心 ambulance 救护车 America 美洲，美国 American 美国人，美国人的 amount 数量，数额，合计 amuse 经…以消遣，给…以娱乐 analysis 分析，解析 analyze/analyse 分析，分解 ancestor 祖宗，祖先 anchor 锚，抛锚，停泊 ancient 古代的，古老的 anger 愤怒，气愤 angle 角，角度，观点 ankle 踝 announce 宣布，通告 annoy 使烦恼，使生气，打搅 annual 每年的，每年度的 anticipate 预料，期望 anxiety 焦虑，挂虑，渴望 anxious 担心的，焦虑的，渴望的 anyhow 无论如，不管怎样 apart 分离，隔开，相距 apartment 一套公寓房间 apologize/-ise 道歉，认错 apology 道歉，歉意 apparent 明显的 appear 出现，出场，仿佛 appearance 出现，露面，外表 appetite 食欲，胃口 application 申请，申请书，应用 apply 申请，运用，应用 appoint 任命，委派，约定 appointment 约会，约见，任命 approach 接近，途径，法 appropriate 适合的，恰当 approve 赞成，同意，批准 approximately 似地，约 April 四月 area 面积，地区，围 arbitrary 随心所欲的，专断的 architecture 建筑学，建筑术，建筑风格 argue 辩论，争论，主 argument 辩论，论点，论据 arise 出现，发生，起源于 arithmetic 算术 arouse 引起，激起，唤起，唤醒 arrange 整理，布置，安排 arrangement 安排，准备工作 arrest 逮捕，扣留 arrow 箭，箭状物 article 文章，东西，冠词 artificial 人工的 artist 艺术家，美术家 ash 灰 ashamed 惭愧的，害臊的 aside 一旁，一边 assemble 集合，集会，装配 assembly 集会，会议，装配 assignment 任务，作业，分配 assist 帮助，协助 assistance 帮助，援助 assistant 助手，助教，助理的 assume 假装，假定，设想，承担，采取 assure 保证，使确信 astonish 使吃惊，使惊讶 astronaut 宇航员 Atlantic 大西洋的，大西洋 atmosphere 空气，大气，气氛 atom 原子 attach 贴上，系上，使依附 attack 攻击，进攻，抨击 attain 获得，达到 attempt 试图，努力 attend 出席，照顾，注意，留意，专心于 attention 注意，注意力，立正 attitude 态度，看法，姿势 attract 吸引，招引，引诱 attraction 吸引，吸引力，具有吸引力的事物（或人） attractive 有吸引力的 audience 听众，观众，读者 August 八月 aunt 伯母，婶母，舅母，姨母，姑母 author 作者 automatic 自动的 automobile/auto 汽车 autumn 秋 available 可利用的，可得到的 avenue 林荫路，大街，途径 average 平均，平均数，通常的 avoid 避免，逃避 awake 醒着的，唤醒，醒来 award 奖，奖品，授予 aware 知道的，意识到的 awful 使人畏惧的，可怕的 ax(e) 斧子 B background 背景，经历 backward 倒，倒行的，落后的 badly 坏，差，重的，非常 badminton 羽毛球 baggage 行 bake 烤，烘，焙 balance 称，平衡，均衡，差额 ball 舞会 balloon 气球 band 乐队，军乐队，一群，条，带，绑扎 bank 岸，堤 barber 理发师 bare 赤裸的，光秃的，空的，仅有的，勉强的 bargain 讨价还价，便宜货，契约 barn 谷仓，仓库 barrel 枪管，炮管，桶 barrier 障碍，屏障 base 基础，基地，根据地 basic 基本的，基础的 basin 盆，脸盘，盆地 basis 根据，基础 basket 篮子，篓 bat 蝙蝠 bathe 洗澡，游泳，浸，冲洗 bathroom 浴室，盥洗室 battle 战斗，战役，斗争 bay 海湾，港湾 B.C. 公元前 beach 海滨，海滩 bean 豆，菜豆 bear 忍受，容忍，负担，结果实，生孩子 beard 子 beast 兽，牲畜，凶残的人 beat 打败，战胜，节拍，跳动，打，敲 beauty 美丽，美人，美丽的东西 beginning 开端，开始 behalf 利益 behave 举动，举止，运转 behavio(u)r 行为，举止 behind 在…后面，落后 belief 信仰，信条 bell 钟，铃 belong 属，附属，隶属 below 在…下面 belt 带，腰带 bench 长凳，条凳，工作台 bend 弯曲，曲折处，折弯 beneath 在…下 beneficial 有益的 benefit 利益，恩惠 beside 在…旁边，和…相比 besides 而且，还有，除…之外 bet 赌，打赌，赌注 beyond 在…那边，在远处 Bible 圣经 bill 账单，单子，招牌 billion 十亿 bind 捆绑，捆扎 biology 生物学 birth 出生，出身 biscuit 饼干 bit 一片，一点，一些 bite 咬，叮，一口 bitter 苦的，痛苦的 blame 责备，怨，责任，过失 blank 空白表格，无表情的，空着的，茫然的， blanket 毛毯，毯子 blind 瞎的，盲目的，使失明 block 阻塞，封锁，木块，块料，一排房屋，街段 blood 血液，血统，气质 bloom 开花，花 blow 吹，打气，爆炸，欧打 blue 蓝色，青色 board 板，木板，纸板，上船（飞机，车），委员会 boast 夸口，夸耀，大话 boat 船，小船 boil 沸腾，煮沸 bold 大胆的，冒失的 bolt 螺栓，插销，闩门，关窗，拴住 bomb 炸弹，轰炸 bond 联结，结合，约束，契约 bone 骨骼，骨 boot 靴子 border 边缘，边界，与…毗邻 bore 钻洞，打眼，钻探 born 天生的，生来的 bother 打扰，麻烦 bottle 瓶子，装瓶 bottom 底，底部 bound 跳，必定 boundary 界线，边界 bow 鞠躬，点头，弓 bowl 碗，钵 brain 大脑，骨髓，智能 brake 刹车，闸 branch 枝，树枝，分部 brand 商标，打烙印于 brass 黄铜，铜器 brave 勇敢的 break off 中止，中断 breadth 宽度，幅 break 打破，折断，违反，破坏，打断，中止，（课间或工间）休息时间 breath 胸脯，乳房 breath 呼吸，气息 breathe 吸入，呼吸 breed 饲养 breeze 微风，轻风 brick 砖，砖状物 bride 新娘 brief 向…作简要的介绍，简短的，简洁的 bright 明亮的，聪明的，伶俐的，快活的，美好的 brilliant 辉煌的，灿烂的，杰出的，有才华的 Britain 不列颠，英国 broadcast 广播，播音 brow 眉毛，眉 brown 棕色，烟色 bubble 泡，吹泡，起泡 bucket 吊桶，水桶 build 修筑，建造，建立 building 建筑物，大楼 bulb 球状物，灯泡 bulk 体积，容积，主体 bullet 子弹，枪弹 bunch 束，捆，串 bundle 捆，包，束 burden 担子，负担 bureau 署，局 burn 燃烧，烧毁，灼伤 burst 破裂，爆炸，突然发作 bury 埋，安葬 bush 灌木，灌木丛 business 生意，事务，职责 butter 黄油，奶油，抹黄油 button 扣子，按钮，扣紧 C cabbage 洋白菜，卷心菜 cabinet 橱柜，阁 cable 电报 caf é 咖啡馆，小餐厅