研究生教材国际学术交流英语-外研版

Task 1 Call for Conference Papers

The planning process for holding a conference should begin very early. A chairperson is selected to make the plan. V arious committees are formed, with members in charge of specific activities. These committees generally consist of Conference Organizing Committee and Conference Academic Committee. The committees are then to work out a general program, including a call for papers, which is to notify the prospective participants of the conference.

Format of call for conference papers

·Theme and/or background

·Conference objectives

·Topics to be discussed

·Time and venue

·Papers and submissions

·Organizing institution and committee

·Contact information

Sample

Conference Goals:

To promote the study of material science in China; to introduce the development of the research work; to discuss the important issues in the field; to provide opportunities for international communication; to promote the understanding of related disciplines; to explore future cooperation possibilities between the countries.

T opics to be Discussed:

Papers are solicited on theoretical issues and their applications related to crystal materials. Suggested topics include but are not limited to:

Papers and Submissions:

Authors are invited to submit full papers, up to six pages, with the authors’names and affiliations, complete address (including email, fax and phone number of the corresponding author), before April 10,2006, by email to aa@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/af2821965.html,. The language is Chinese or English. The papers will be reviewed by the program committee based on content, presentation and suitability for the conference. The papers must be in an MS word or Latex format (A4, single space, Songti, 10 points if in Chinese, or Times New Roman, 12 points if in English). More detailed information will be available on the web page: https://www.wendangku.net/doc/af2821965.html,.

Useful Expressions and Sentence Patterns

1. Call for papers

·Papers are being invited for TI 83rd World Conference to be held in Shanghai, May 23-27, 2004. ·Titles of proposed papers with a 200-word abstract should be submitted no later than May 10, 2006.

·The IASTED Secretariat must receive your paper by July 15, 2006.

2. Submission

·The submitted papers should be original and have not been published elsewhere.

·Best papers will be selected by the Advisory Committee and Program Committee, and the authors are invited to submit their papers to an international journal.

·For all submissions, please include the following information: title of the paper, name, affiliation, address, phone number, email, and audiovisual request.

·Abstracts are invited for 20-minute talks followed by 10 minutes of discussion addressing any topic in the areas of Asian environmental protectio n…

3. Format and length

·Abstracts should be submitted electronically in an MS Word format and sent by email to the conference secretariat.

·Authors of accepted papers should send the full text paper in format of PDF or MS Word before September 15, 2006 to aa@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/af2821965.html, with attachment.

·All submissions should be in Adobe Acrobat (.pdf), postscript (.ps), or MS Word (.doc) format. ·Initial paper submissions should be approximately ten pages.

4. Notification of acceptance and refusal

·Notification of acceptance will be sent via email by August 1, 2006.

·Receipt of paper submission will be confirmed by email.

·Submissions received after this date will not be given primary consideration.

·Acceptance of the paper will be confirmed by JICC 2006 Program Committee based on content quality of the extended abstract.

·Late registration fees or paper submissions will result in papers being excluded from the conference proceedings.

Called to order by the presiding officer主持人致辞

roll call点名

announcement of quorum宣布大会决议

reading of the minutes of the previous meeting宣读前期会议纪要

approval of the minutes of the previous meeting通过前期会议纪要

related matters相关事宜

unfinished business未尽事宜

appointments and removal任命及离任

nomination and elections提名及选举

adjournment休会

opening ceremony开幕式

keynote speech主题发言

forum论坛

plenary session全体会议

poster session论文展示

panel session专题讨论会

discussion / question & answer session讨论/提问与回答时间

field trip考察活动

closing ceremony闭幕式

reception/banquet招待晚宴

Task 1 Letters of Invitation Before the international conference, the conference host or organizer(s) will send invitation letters to famous scholars and experts in the field and invite them as keynote speakers to the conference. They will also invite other prospective authors to present their new ideas, valuable works, and ongoing research at the conference. These letters are formal letters and therefore should bear all the necessary information about the occasion(s), and express the host’s sincerity and hospitality toward the attendees.

在国际会议，会议主持人或组织者（）将发送邀请信，著名学者在该领域的专家和邀请他们作为主讲人会议。他们还将邀请其他作者提出自己的新观点，有价值的作品，并在会议进行的研究。这些信件是正式信件，因此应承担所有必要信息的场合（），和东道国的真诚和热情的观众。

Format of invitation letters

·Letterhead: the address of the writer

·Date of writing

·Inside address: the name and address of the recipient

·Salutation

·Body of the letter:

the occasion, time and venue

the purpose of the invitation

the conference theme/arrangement

the anticipated pleasure in meeting the recipient(s)

·Complimentary close

·Signature

·Enclosure(if any)

Learning aids

1.Two main business letter formats

Business letters are important matters you deal with. For such letters as invitation letters and application letters, there are two main formats: full block format and modified block format with indented paragraphs.

·Full block format

This format is very modern. Every line of the letter begins at the left margin (flush left), with a space of one line between paragraphs. It adopts open punctuation, which means that no punctuation marks are used outside the body of the letter, except for a comma after the salutation and the complementary close respectively.

·Modified block format with indented paragraphs

Different from the full block format, this format places the date and the complimentary close near the right margin. And the first line of each paragraph is indented, with no space of one line between paragraphs. If the letterhead isn’t preprinted on the stationery, you should put it directly

above the date.

2.Explanation of invitation letters

·Letterhead

Letterhead refers to the full address (street/road address, city, province, country) of the writer (the conference host). postcode, phone number, fax number and email address may also be included. It usually appears at the very top of the letter, either in the left corner, right corner, or at the center. Wherever you put it, be sure that your address is complete.

·Date

Put down the full date: date, month, and year. It comes right after and just below your address. It is a common pratice to put the date against the left margin in the full block style. The date of the letter should be quite clear. The year should be given in full, the month should be written in words to avoid misunderstanding and confusion, and the day may be written in cardinal or ordinal numbers and be put before (British style) or after (American style) the month.

British Stytle: 8 May, 2006 8th March, 2006

American Stytle: May 8, 2006 March 8th, 2006

·Inside address

The inside address gives the name and full address of the recipient, which is always on the left margin. Write it with an appropriate courtesy title (e.g. Mrs., Ms., Miss, Mr.), professional title (e.g. Dr., Professor) or business title if any (e.g. Manager, Directer), institution/organization, address, etc. Courtesy and professional titles always appear before the name while business titles come after the name. Never use business titles in the salutation. Remember to make the inside address as complete as possible.

·Salutation

This is a greeting to the recipient. Salutation is also always on the left margin.

·Body of the letter

The body of the letter-the message-is the most important part in which the conference host/organizer(s) state(s) the occasion, time and venue, introduce(s) the purpose of writing, the theme/arrangement of the conference and experss(es) the anticipated pleasure in seeing the invited person(s).

·Complimentary close

The complimentary close can be put either on the left-hand side or right-hand side of the page, with the first letter capitalized, and followed by a comma. As with the salutation, your complimentary close should reflect your relationship with the recipient. The following are some of the most often used complimentary closed.

(1)Formal closes:

Sincerely yours, Respectfully yours, V ery truly yours,

Y ours sincerely, Y ours respectfully, Y ours truly,

(2)Informal closes (often in emails):

Best regards, Best wishes, With best wishes,

All the best, With respect,

·Signature

An English letter always requires to be signed, which should be put between the complimentary close and the typed name, including the writer’s position or status in the organization.·Enclosure(s) (if any)

This can be used to remind the recipient of the additional material(s) put in the invitation letter, such as an agenda of a conference or a curriculum vitae in an application letter. Some prefer the abbreviation Encl.

Useful Expressions and Sentence Patterns

1. Extending invitation

·I am pleased to invite you to attend our Annual Conference on Chemical Education to be held on

November 1-4, 2005 in Atlanta.

·It is with great pleasure that I invite you to the 2nd Annual Commputer Conference. This year’s conference will be held at Wuhan from March 23 to 26, 2007.

·On behalf of the School of Information, Y unnan University and Kunming Association for Science and Technology, I am pleased to invite you to attend and chair a session of the forthcoming 10th Joint International Computer Conference to be held in Kunming, Y unnan, from August 24 to 26, 2006.

·As co-chair of the 36th Annual meeting of the Association for Commputational Linguistics, to be held in HongKong October 10-25,2000, I am writing to ask whether you would be willing to present a talk in English at the conference as an invited speaker.

·It is my pleasure to invite you to appear on a panel at the upcoming conference on English Teaching at Tertiary Level in the Chinese Context to be held in Beijing, September 12-13, 2004. 1.Purpose (of the conference)

·The conference aims at bringing together engineers and researchers with interests in the areas of chemical engineering and at promoting the exchange of ideas and experiences among them in the recent developments in their areas.

·The CE seeks/attempts to encourage scholarly interchange between Asianists located in the Midwest and promote Asian studies both at the university and secondary levels.

·The First International Workshop on Cross Layer Design 2007 provides a forum for researchers from academia, industry and government to present new ideas, valuable research on cross layer design.

2.Expecting attendance

·We sincerely hope that you can accept this invitation.

·I do hope you can make time in your busy schedule to attend the conference and share your ideas on this topic on the panel.

·I very much look forward to meeting you here in the autumn.

·I would like to take this opportunity to strongly encourage your organization to attend this very important preparatory meeting.

·The Conference Committee and I hope you will find your conference day educational and rewarding.

·We hope that you will be able to join us at this conference, and give us the benefit of your experience.

3.Meals and accommodations

·The CE would provide the cost of an economy class airfare from Beijing to che conference, hotel accommodations during the conference, and free registration to the conference.

·If you come to the symposium, your local expenses, including hotel accommodations, meals, and the conference fee will be covered by the organizers.

·Our department offers a fee and will, of course, reimburse your traveling and hotel expenses. ·Y our round-trip air ticket and meal expenses will be subsidized.

·Y ou will be provided with a subsistence allowance and accommodations for the duration of the conference.

If you have any enquiries or need any assistance, please do not hesitate to contact our Conference Convener Ms. Song Mei at 88366423, or visit https://www.wendangku.net/doc/af2821965.html,.

Acceptance and Refusal

In response to invitations, it is polite of you to reply promptly. When you receive an invitation and decide to be present, you should respond early to inform the conference host of your acceptance of the invitation and attendance at the conference. If you can not accept the invitation because of one reason or another, you should also write promptly to inform the conference host of that. By giving an early refusal, you allow them time to find another solution or invitee.

在回应的邀请，这是出于礼貌你及时回复。当你收到邀请，决定存在，你应该早通知会议主持人你接受邀请，出席会议。如果你不能接受邀请，因为某种原因，你也应该写及时通知会议的主持人。在早期的拒绝，你让他们有时间找到另一种解决办法，或邀请。

Format of letters of acceptance

·Letterhead: the address of the writer

·Date of writing

·Inside address: the address of the recipient

·Salutation

·Body of the letter:

expressing your pleasure and honor at being invited

agreeing to do what was asked

repeating the main content, date, time, venue

closing the letter with your thanks, good wishes, etc.

·Complimentary close

·Signature

Format of letters of refusal

·Letterhead: the address of the writer

·Date of writing

·Inside address: the address of the recipient

·Salutation

·Body of the letter:

expressing thanks

giving convincing reason(s) for your refusal

expressing your regrets

extending good wishes

·Complimentary close

·Signature

Useful Expressions and Sentence Patterns

Accepting an invitation

1. Expressing your pleasure in accepting the invitation

·Thank you for your letter of May 23. I am pleased to confirm my participation in this year’s

conference in June.

·Thank you for your invitation to attend the International Conference on Cultures and Translation to be held on August 23-26, 2005 in Hong Kong.

·Thank you for your invitation to attend the international conference to be held at Senri Life Science Center in Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan, July 7-11, 2003.

·I would like to express my appreciation for the invitation to speak at your seminar

2. Expressing your agreement to do what was asked

·I am pleased to accept your invitation and will send my paper entitled “Cognitive Linguistics and Discourse Analysis” to the Paper Committee before the required date.

·I have received your letter dated June 22, inviting me to speak at the Opening Ceremony of the Fifth National Council Meeting of Translators Association of China to be held on November 4-6, in Beijing. I will speak on “Globalization and Diversity: What Do They Mean for Translators?”. Thank you for your kind invitation.

3. Closing the letter by expressing thanks again, or expressing your good wishes

·Thank you once again for your kind invitation and for your effort in making the conference a

successful one.

·I am pleased to take part in the conference and look forward to it with pleasure.

·I look forward to visiting London and to seeing you again at the conference this September. Declining an invitation

1.Expressing thanks for being invited

·Thank you for your invitation to attend the International Symposium on Earth Science in the 21st

Century to be held at Shandong University, April 13-17, 2005.

·Thank you for your letter of August 2, 2007, inviting me to attend the conference on sth.

2. Stating the reason(s) for declining the invitation

·Much to my regret, I shall not be able to honor the invitation because I have been suffering from

ill health this summer.

·Unfortunately, I have a previous commitment and thus can not help this time. I would be happy to speak if you would give me another opportunity at some other time.

·Much to my regret, I shall not attend the conference because I have to chair a meeting to be held in France at that time.

·I am very sorry to inform you that I will be unable to go to Canada. I just have learned that the

special flight that I had planned to take has been cancelled and the cost of a regular airline fare is prohibitive.

3.Closing the letter with good wishes (for the conference, cooperation in the future) ·Please accept my sincere apologies, and I hope you will think of me again if the WCA needs a guest speaker at some future date.

·I feel very sorry to miss the opportunity of meeting you and many other colleagues in the field of

the knowledge economy. I wish the conference a complete success.

·However, I look forward to attending the conference next year.

Task 1 Chairing a Meeting In addition to an opening ceremony and a closing ceremony, an international conference may include several forms of meetings: plenary session, presentation session and discussion. Chairing different forms of meetings has different tasks. The appropriate handling of a meeting depends on a chairman’s adequate preparations, expertise in the topic of the meeting, past experiences, responsibilities and tactful chairing manners. This task only deals with how to chair a plenary session.

Procedures of chairing a meeting

Opening speech:

·Opening the meeting

·Introducing the theme of the session

·Introducing oneself and co-chairperson

·Introducing the keynote speaker

Closing speech:

·Complimenting on the speech

·Introducing the next speaker

·Closing the meeting

Useful Expressions and Sentence Patterns

1. Opening the meeting

·Ladies and gentlement! Will you please be quiet and be seated?

·Please be quiet, everyone! please be seated. I’d like to open the morning/afternoon/evening session.

·Well, everyone, it’s 8 o’clock now. So I’d like to call the morning session to order.

·On behalf of the organizing committee, I would like to / am happy / privileged to declare/ announce the conference open.

·It’s a great pleasure/privilege for me to begin/open/start the conference.

·Ladies and Gentlemen, may I have your attention please? The meeting/seminar will come to order/is called to order.

2. Self-introduction

·I’m Wang Y u from Shandong University. It’s a privilege for me to chair this session.

·Let me introduce myself. I am Li Ming from shandong University. I am the chairperson for this

morning’s session.

·I am Philip Wang from Shandong University, china. I want to express, on behalf of Professor Chao, my colleague who is expected to chair this session, his regret about not being able to be presrnt.

3. Introducing co-chairman

·It is a great pleasure for me to share the chairmanship with Professor D. Harris from Jinan.

·My co-chairman is Professor Bill from Milan, Italy.

·Dr. Y ang, who was expected to be the co-chairman for this symposium, could not attend this meeting due to illness. We are honored, however, to have in his place as the co-chairman Dr. Li on my left. Dr. Li is the Director for the Nankai Linguistics Institute. We are extraordinarily pleased and honored to have him here today to cochair this meeting.

4. Introducing the theme of the session

·The purpose/aim of our meeting today is to review the Development in ESL Teaching and Learning.

·What we are going to do this morning is to review the Relation Between Students’Learning

Strategies and performance.

·We are assembled/gathered here to review the Future of Globalization.

·This session will deal with/be devoted to HIV Treatment and Care in the New Century.

5. Introducing a keynote speaker

The speaker’s past and present experience

·Our keynote speaker is Peter de Jager, the president of the National Intelligence Council.

Previously, he served as a special advisor to the United Kingdom Y ear 2000 Task Force and to the Russian Federation Task Force.

·From 2000 to 2004, he was affiliated with the Institute for Social and Economic Policy in the Middle East at the Kennedy School of Harvard University.

The speaker’s educational background

·Our speaker got her Ph.D. in agricultural economics at the University of California, Berkeley, followed by a series of teaching and research positions at Harvard and Princeton.

·Terry holds a Bachelor of Science degree in communications. He also holds a Master of Business Administration in marketing from George State University.

·Dr. Lee’s B.S. degree is from Rutgers University. His Ph.D. is from University of Massachusetts

under the guidance of Professor Fergus Clydesdale, a renowned food policy expert and personal mentor.

The speaker’s achievement (works and articles)

·Our speaker is the author of life by Design: A Do-It-Y ourself Approach for Achieving Happiness

and served as the editor and co-author of Let Y our Leadership Speak: How to Lead and Be Heard. ·Our speaker is also co-author of five books and over 40 published articles. As a communications

expert, she has been quoted in the Seattle Times, the chicago Tribune and the Atlanta Journal Constitution.

·Hilka is the author of the upcoming book- Design a Plan to Save Y our Life, and four more books have already been published.

The speaker’s speaking experience

·For the past six years, Peter de Jager has been a worldwide leader in creating awareness for the

year 2000 computer problem, in both the information security community and the business world

at large. He has appeared on numerous TV and radio programs here and abroad.

·Our speaker has hosted a daily TV show on the Financial News Network and has appeared on CNN and CBS, sharing his Internet expertise.

The awards and honor of the speaker

·Our speaker has been honored many awards—a Poet Laureate, a Pulitzer Prize winner, a National Medal of the Arts and a National Book A ward, etc. Most of the American poets younger

than him tend to look up to him as their guide, their leader and their surrogate father.

·He has earned the title of “Distinguished Toastmaster”—the highest honor given by Toastmasters International. Since 1924, only 5,000 members out of five million have been so honored.

·She is a Certified Speaking Professional—the highest earned designation bestowed by the National Speakers Association and held by less than 175 women nationwide.

The presentation topic of a speaker

·Please join me in welcoming our guest speaker today—Mr. Richard Allan, whose topic is entitled From Success to Significance.

·I am happy to present to you the friend of all young people, Dr. Ronald Peterson, who will now

address you on “The Future of Globalization”.

·So to speak to you on Scientific Breakthroughs from Mice to Men, please welcome Alice Park. ·Today, Stephen Green will address you on Helping China Spend the Surplus.

6. Complimenting on speeches and introducing the next speaker

·Thank you, Mr. Carswell. Y our speech is the absolutely pure gold, very inspiring. We are delighted to be able to share your new specific strategies and techniques. I think everyone wants to be a millionaire, to make a big fortune. The secrets of creating fortune and success will be greatly cherished by the people present here. Now, let’s welcome our next speaker, Prof. King.

·Mr. Dickens has given an eye-opener as well as a very absorbing evening, and on behalf of all of us here, I would like to express to him our sincere thanks and appreciation. Thank you, Mr. Dickens. The next speaker is Dr. Smith.

·Prof. Campell’s speech is highly useful, interesting and informative. We have learnt a lot from her. Thank you again, Prof. Campell. Our next speaker is Prof. Allen. Let’s welcome him! ·Thank you very much for your worthwhile/enlightening/informative presentation. Let’s welcome the next speaker Prof. Zhu Lei with warm applause.

7. Adjourning or closing a session

·As you are all aware our session has now come to an end and, like you, I am now looking forward to lunch. Now remember, we reassemble at 2:00 in the afternoon, and I thank you for your attendance.

·We have now come to the end of the first section of this morning. Let’s have a 20-minute coffee

break. Please come back before 10:00

·We have had five papers presented. Let’s have a break before we start the discussion. Y ou may prepare some questions relating to the five presentations during the recess. Our meeting will be resumed at 4:30.

·I declare the session adjourned until 8 p.m.

Task 1 Giving a Welcome Speech

At an opening ceremony, the chairperson or the distinguished guests would deliver a welcome speech, welcoming all partic ipants, giving thanks to related parties and individuals, starting the organizing background, characteristics and purpose of the conference, and finally expressing sincere wishes to all.

Format of a welcome speech

·Self-introduction

·Welcoming the participants to the conference

·Introducing the characteristics or uniqueness of the conference

·Presenting background information related to the subject of the conference

·Stating the purpose of the conference

·Expressing good wishes to the conference and the participants

Useful Expressions and Sentence Patterns

1. W elcome remarks

·Please allow me on behalf of the Jiangsu Provincial Government and myself to extend my

warmest congratulations on the convening of this conference. I would also like to warmly welcome you—all the conference participants home and abroad to the conference.

·Firstly on behalf of the Sponsors, the School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, I would like to express a very warm welcome to the guests, experts and delegates who have traveled here to

participate in this International Academic Conference. I would like also to express our heartfelt thanks to all the organizations and friends, who have helped and supported us in organizing this

conference.

·I am Andrew Farrar, the general chairman. It is my pleasure to welcome you to Baltimore to attend EMC 2003, our 35th Annual Symposium.

·On behalf of Nanjing municipal government, I am honored to have the opportunity to welcome

you all to Nanjing and participate in this conference.

·It is a great pleasure for me to give you the warmest welcome on behalf of Qufu Normal University.

·As chairman of the Organizing Committee, I am very pleased to extend a hearty welcome to you all.

·I welcome you all on behalf of the Executive Committee of the Congress on the Peaceful Use of Atomic Energy.

·I have the honor and the pleasure, on behalf of the Organizing Committee, to extend our cordial welcome to all the scientists who have been invited to this congress.

2. Background

·Three years ago, at the 7th International Conference on Linguistics Studies, I suggested that an international symposium on learning strategies be held. Dr. Gu and Dr. Cohen agreed. We are now very glad to have the opportunity of holding the 8th international conference in Nanjing.

·There are several reasons for organizing this conference. Research on systemic functional linguistics is entering a period of mushrooming growth in China. Therefore, it was desirable that interested linguists gather to report new advances, to review processes, to discuss conflicting findings and divergent interpretation regarding it, and to make more meaningful plans for the

future phases and direcrions of research.

·The International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology was founded in Hong Kong in 1972.

It was undertaken 20 congresses in many countries of the world in over 30 years.

3. Conference programs

·The symposium includes a total of 70 papers for presentation at four sessions every half day. Ample time has been allowed for informal discussion. Among the highlights in the program are

tutorial lectures on non-sinusoidal functions, which will be given by EMC engineers. Much effort was spent in developing a strong technical program of immediate interest to EMC, Sequency

Union, and URSI participants.

·The congress will cover a wide range of branches of zoology, such as evolution and systematics, ecology, conservation biology, reproductive biology, diseases, ethics and philosophy.

·The meeting will tackle the key questions of assessing quality, effectiveness, and appropriateness of not noly medical devices, equipment, and pharmaceutics, but all procedures and processes for

prevention, treatment and rehabilitation, as well as assessments in the public health context.

4. Conference purpose

·CAIA will provide the opportunity for researchers and engineers who are interested in “real world” applications to share their ideas and experiences.

·In my judgment, an EMC symposium such as this one in Baltimore is not only a forum for scholars, but also one of the few available forums for advancing the cause of scholarship by disseminating the knowledge which otherwise would go unnoticed.

·And this is a vitally important time to discuss and seek answers to those many questions that you have, which must go to mutually improve our university-level education as we have so much to offer each other. This leads to deepening and strengthening long-term exchanges between our countries, which we value so much.

·The purpose of this conference is to share our experiences and knowledge in regard to the theory, new developments, and possible applications of these two promising techniques.

·The Pacific Telecommunications Council aims to promote the development, understanding and

beneficial use of telecommunications throughout the entire Pacific Hemisphere.

·The 16th World Computer Congress will provide Chinese and foreign professionals of the IT industry with a good opportunity to deepen their mutual understanding, exchange academic ideas and find partners for cooperation.

5. Good wishes

·I am sure that the symposium is truly a challenge toward the future, which will stimulate us to take the initiative in cancer treatment.

·We expect that this conference will offer an opportunity for all participants to form personal ties and above all, to exchange results, ideas, and projects, from which progress will derive.

·I am sure that you will find the topics to be presented at this conference both interesting and

informative.

·I believe, by way of this conference, the relationship between us will be strengthened and we will innovate more beneficial solutions through the use of artificial intelligence technologies.

·To finish, three days is all too short, but the effect is ever-lasting. I wish all the delegates a great visit and success for the future.

·Now I would like to conclude my speech by wishing the conference a complete success.

·Last but not least, I would like to wish you all luck, and hope the conference will be a great

success.

·I wish the congress will be successful and productive, and wish you to have a pleasant and

memorable experience in the beautiful Beijing.

·Clearly, our conference’s success depends on all of you here in this room—your wisdom, your experience, your dedication, and your cooperation. I wish every success for it.

Task 2 Giving a Closing Speech At a closing ceremony, the chairman or the distinguished guest of the conference would deliver a closing speech, thanking all related persons and organizations, commenting on the contributions of the conference, noticing the arrangement for next conference and declaring the conference closed.

Format of a closing speech

·Extending thanks to the participants, organizers, sponsors, and chairman, etc.

·Congratulating on the success of the conference

·Summarizing the contents and achievements of the conference

·Inviting people to the next conference

Useful Expressions and Sentence Patterns

1. Expressing thanks

·I wish to thank all the chairpersons, speakers, and other participants for their valuable contributions.

·I would like to thank various people. First of all, the chairpersons for their efficient ways in which they handled their sessions. Second, the speakers for their excellent presentations. Third, the delegates for having been an excellent audience and having provided stimulating discussions. Last but not least, I would like to thank the companies for the financial support and cooperation we received in organizing and conducting this conference.

·On behalf of all the members of our Organizing Committee, I wish to express our sincere gratitude to all of you who have so actively participated in this congress to make it such a success.

I now extend best wishes to all of you and I look forward to seeing you again at the next congress

two years hence in Beijing.

·Let me congratulate you for the achievements of this conference. This was the result of very hard work by delegates under the very competent leadership of the chairman.

·I shall end here by thanking you for coming to the 7th International Conference of

Thermodynamics. I hope that you have benefited much from the conference and from discussions

with colleagues.

·Thank the New Y ork University for hosting the conference. Thanks go to everybody who has contributed to the conference with reports and introductions. Thanks for the financial contributions to this conference from the city and all other organizations and a number of private sponsors. And last but not least, thank Mr. James Raven and Mrs. Michiko A yukawa for the overall organizing of the conference.

·Now, I would like once again to thank you for coming to Istanbul and for giving valuable time to attend this important event and for making it such a memorable success.

·As the organizer of the conference, I would like to express our sincere thanks to the members of the Organizing Committee, the authouities of Nanjing University and Jiangsu Province for all their

support and contributions to this successful conference. Thanks are also due to all the participants who came from over 30 countries and regions.

·Thanks to the European Commission, we have been able to publish the proceedings of the congress. Finally, a word of thanks to our sponsors, without whose help our debts would not have been so immense. Our heartfelt thanks go to each and everyone of you. Without your participation, we would never have enjoyed these three days so much, and we would have missed out an experience which will doubtless remain forever in our hearts.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/af2821965.html,menting on the achievements

·We have had an excellent symposium. It is not possible for me to summarize the proceedings, but

I would like to mention some of the principal points that have emerged from some of the papers. ·We are now very close to the end of the 7th International Conference of Thermodynamics which has achieved tremendous successes. More than 200 participants have come to Manhattan to

discuss not only general questions about thermodynamics but more concrete questions and

problems and their possible solutions.

·We have worked actively in the workshops these days, and our work has provided value not only to the resolution but also to the work of the Association of Thermodynamics in general.

·I believe that our conference is a great success. It went smoothly as scheduled. In these five days the conference has covered so many important and complex problems in the field of biochemistry,

both theoretical and practical. All the presentations were very illuminating and informative. And the heated panel discussions were very stimulating and fruitful.

·Our conference has lasted three days. It has achieved tremendous successes. Eighteen scientists and scholars spoke at the conference. Many more aired their views freely at group discussions, which proceeded in a friendly and lively atmosphere. I benefited greatly by attending this conference.

·In the past few days you have been addressing themes of paramount importance, and please allow me to express my admiration for and appreciation of your wisdom in these fields, since such wisdom is the basis for action.

·We have spent many hours and days debating and discussing 4000 pages—yes, we have printed 4000 pages in the conference proceedings. I am sure the output of so much work and effort will be productive, and result in concrete and tangible benefits to the need of the world.

3. Announcing the next conference

·It is a privilege for me to announce that the next congress will be held in London in 2006.

·I am proud to have the privilege to announce that the next International Conference on Strategies for Enhancing Access to Medicines will be held in China in May 2004. We should of course welcome as many scientists as possible. We look forward to seeing you then.

·And lastly, my friends, see you next yeat in Beijing, China for our next conference.

·I look forward to seeing you again at the next conference two years hence in Nanjing in 2009.

Y ou will be warmly welcome there.

·Let us meet again in Paris in 2008 at the next world congress of biomaterials.

·Our next conference will be held in New Y ork at our college. We will try out best to make the forthcoming gathering another fruitful and pleasant one. I’m looking forward to meeting you then.

4. Announcing the closing of the conference and expressing good wishes

·I now have the duty and the honor to declare the conference officially closed. Good wishes to all of you.

·Ladies and gentlemen, you have my best wishes for your still greater achievements in your career.

Now, I declare the conference closed.

·I hope you will have a safe and peaceful journey home and offer to you my warmest best wishes. With these few remarks, I now declare the conference officially closed.

·Now, the conference is closed. Let’s meet again in London in 2006.

Task 3 Giving a Dinner Speech At a formal dinner of an international conference, toasts or dinner speeches are usually well-prepared and made by the host to welcome the guests and by the distinguished guest to thank

the host. The toasts or dinner speeches express the sentiment of the person proposing it. And the shorter it is, the better.

Format of a welcome dinner speech

·Expressing warm welcome and cordial greetings to the guests

·Introducing the uniqueness or characteristics of the host city or university

·Expressing good wishes to the conference and participants

Format of a thank-you dinner speech

·Expressing your sincere thanks to the host’s hospitality and service

·Lauding the friendship and association between the host and the guest

·Stating the sincere sentiment of oneself

·Expressing good wishes to everyone present

Useful Expressions and Sentence Patterns

1. W elcoming the guests

·First of all, please allow me, on behalf of the municipal government of Wuhan City and 6.7 million people of Wuhan, to extend our warm welcome and cordial greetings to you, all the experts, scholars and professors from home and abroad.

·We are very happy to have Dr. Brown and his party from America with us tonight. Let’s give our warm welcome to our friends from the other side of the earth. We are also honored by the presence

of our V ice-Mayor, Mr. Li, the General Manager of China Import & Export Corporation, Mr. Tang. Welcome you all.

·I have the honor to express this warm welcome on behalf of the Chinese Government and people to the delegation from the United Kingdom.

·It is with great pride and pleasure that I extend special greetings to you as you visit V ancouver. ·On behalf of the other faculty members and the rest of the staff of the school, I am honored to have the opportunity to extend to you our sincerest welcome.

2. Thanking the host

·First of all, I should express my sincere thanks to the V ice-Chancellor for his warm and friendly

remarks.

·On behalf of all the visiting scholars, I have the honor to express our sincere thanks to our host for their earnest invitation and gracious hospitality we have received since we set foot on this charming land.

·I feel very pleased to attend your banquet and have the opportunity to talk with all the Chinese

friends here. And thank you for your nice welcome.

·On behalf of the American guests, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which

the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world. I particularly want to pay tribute, not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner, but also to those who have provided the splendid music. Never have I heared American music played better in a foreign land.

·I want to first thank you for a superlative dinner and magnificent hospitality. These are among

the hallmarks of China.

3. Stating the relationship between the host and the guests

·There has been an early friendly link between Cambridge and the Chinese people. Chinese

scholars lectured and students studied here. Scholars from Cambridge also visited China.

·In recent years, over 200 faculty members and students have been sent here for advanced studies, academic visits or joint research projects. At the same time, our university has received over 200 students and visiting scholars from your university.

·Over the years, we have established a broad network for educational cooperation and academic

exchanges.

·I greatly cherish the close relationship between our two universities. We have extensively established academic links with each other. It is our sincere wish that we continue to enhance our friendly relationship and to ensure a sustained growth in our academic cooperation.

4. Expressing good wishes

·I thank you all once again for your gracious hospitality, and with the wine of the host, I request you all to raise your glass and drink to the further development and friendship between the Chinese and the British peoples, to new progress of Cambridge University on the road of its advancement, and to the health of the V ice-Chancellor and all the other friends present. Cheers! ·Here, by holding up our cups, I would like to reciprocate everyone of you, your support and assistance to our city’s fishery development. I wish a successful round-off to the 4th International Symposium on Genetics in Aquaculture. I also wish all my friends an enjoyable stay in Wuhan and a pleasant trip in China. Cheers!

·The conference will surely help enhance the understanding and friendship between us. Well begun is half done, as we say. I am sure this conference will lead to many more in the future. In conclusion, I would like you to join me in a toast, to the cooperation and the friendship between us, to the health of the host, to the health of my colleagues, and to all the ladies and gentlemen present here!

·I’d like to take this opportunity to propose a toast to the success of our research project, and to the further cooperation between our two universities. Bottoms up!

·Now I propose a toast to the successful conclusion of the conference and to the bright prospects of our future.

·Ladies and gentlemen! I would like to propose the toast of the evening.

·I drink to the health of all the guests present.

·I should like to propose a toast to the success of our conference and to the contributions of the

many individuals who have made it possible.

·I wish all of you present long life, health, and prosperity. Cheers!

·Now a toast to our friendship and more cooperation in the future. Cheers up!

Task 1 Application for Academic Exchange Sometimes as you would like to participate in an international conference, a university academic program or join an association, you will need to write an application letter. This may be

the first impression that a conference, a university or an association will have of you, which gives you an opportunity to make them aware that you are extremely worthy of admission. To meet your needs, it is important that you personally write your application, highlighting unambiguously your aspirations, academic interest, current and/ or recent research work, publications, and accomplishments. An effective application letter will grab their attention and differentiate you from many other applicants competing for the same purpose, and consequently increase your chances of being accepted.

Format of application for academic exchange

·A brief self-introduction, purpose of the letter / reasons for your choice

·Y our academic area(s)/ interest, research work

·Other related qualifications/ skills

·Requesting information, financial support

·Contact information

·Complimentary close

·Signature

Useful Expressions and Sentence Patterns

1. Openings

·I am a researcher at the Experimental Center of Medical Molecular Biology in Shandong University. Prof. Li Lin recommended that I get in touch with you about membership in your working group.

·I have learned from Prof. Melba Ripley of University of Louisiana that you are the Secretary of the Translators Association. In this connection, I would like to know whether I am eligible for membership in your association.

·I am a Ph.D. candidate at School of Materials Engineering of Purdue University. I am very delighted to learn from my friend William Wade, Associate Director of the Center for Asian and Pacific Studies, that you would like to have visiting scholars for the 2007-2008 academic year. ·Prof. Li Lin of Jiaotong University, P.R. China, who was a visiting scholar in your Department of Business Studies 2003-2004, advised me of the outstanding MBA program in your university.

·I learned from your website that the conference will be held in Beijing next March.

2. Purpose

·I am writing to you to apply for admittance to your university as a visiting scholar.

·I am writing to you about the possibility of attending the forthcoming conference.

·I wish to learn about construction techniques of developing new structures in your working group for six months, preferably during April through September.

·I’d like to propose an academic staff exchange regarding electronic design automation technology.

·My purpose in joining the association is to enable myself to keep in step with the advancement of science throughout the world and to be well-informed about the trends of research work in your country.

·I wish to attend the American Translators Association 48th Annual Conference to be held from October 31 to Novermber 3, 2007, in San Francisco, California.

·I am writing to inquire about applying for membership in your Center for Economic Research. ·I would like to serve as a guest worker in your laboratory for three to six months.

·I am deeply interested in your Ph.D. program in information and electrical engineering at your

graduate school, and plan to apply for admission for the fall of 2007.

·I read with great interest your most recent article on DNA partic le chains in the journal Chemical Engineering 6/2001, as it is the area in which I am planning to prusue my doctoral degree, and I

am writing to you to inquire whether you think it would be possible for me to study under you beginning in September 2002.

3. Research interests/areas

·My own work combines research, primarily in contemporary British drama, with the dramaturgical development of new plays. I also have an ongoing interest in contemporary American drama, which makes me actively involved as a dramaturge with new play development.

·My research is concerned primarily with the origin of barriers to gene exchange, especially the evolutionary genetics of reproductive isolation.

·My research interests include dynamic optimization, machine-specific and profile-driven compilation, high performance computer architecture, and practical applications of security. My interests in security and privacy extend into the private sector, where I am chief scientist and co-founder of Liquid Machines, Inc., a provider of unique solution for enterprise rights managements.

·My research interests include moral, pedagogical and cultural writings, extending through three ideological traditions in English and American literature, imaginative writing and professional writing. My current focus is the referential relationship between language and writing.

4. Research work

·Currently I am involved in a long-term program entitled WTO and Economic Positions of the

Developing Countries.

·I have been undertaking research on biomedical signal processing for two years.

·In my work I have focused especially on optoelectronic materials.

·I have been carrying on this work since I started my Ph.D. program.

·We have been working on the project to study language development in babies since 2005.

·I have been engaged in the energy conservation project for more than two years.

·I am a researcher at School of Materials Engineering of Purdue University. I have devoted nearly five years to the study of how inexpensive housing can be made of native materials in Third World countries.

·I have been working with Dr. Wang Long on research topics like the use of electronic

communications in community courses and issues related to e-market.

·I am a biomedical engineer with five years of experience in designing nonintrusive methods for diagnosing a variety of medical conditions.

5. Expectation of academic exchange

·I believe that attending such a conference will provide me with a very good opportunity to exchange ideas and expertise with attendees from different parts of the world and, more importantly, to learn from them.

·I hope it will be possible for me to take such courses as materials science and to work in your laboratory during my visit to your university. I believe that with your help I will make progress in my specialty.

·We are enthusiastic about continuing our exchange agreement with your laboratory, and finalizing in the near future the details of the next five-year plan between our two laboratories.

·A continuous exchange of ideas as well as interaction among colleagues will enable me to keep

up to date with new advances in medicine. The training and rigors of an academic institution will

also strengthen my interests in combining clinical research with patient care.

·Attending the conference will broaden my horizons.

6. Desired/Intended time of entry

·I wish to participate in your working group for six months, preferably during April through September.

·I intend to enter in the fall of 2007.

·My desired time of entrance is fall 2008.

7. Financial support

·My trip to the UK will be financed by the Center for European Studies, which will grant me travel expenses and a stipend, approximately $300 a month, for living expenses during the visit.

·Our institute will provide me with all traveling and living expenses.

·I was told by the dean of our department that the department would cover US$800 which is estimated to be only enough for the conference fee and accommodations. I therefore write to you to ask the possibility of my travel support to and from Denver.

·If possible, I wish to obtain a scholarship so that I may support myself and obtain some teaching

experience while pursuing graduate studies.

·I have sufficient financial resources to cover my educational expenses, so I shall not seek financial support in any form from your institute.

8. Requesting information/materials

·I would appreciate it if you could send me the application forms for admission and financial aid. ·I would be grateful if you could send me any further information pertinent to the forthcoming conference.

·I would be very much obliged if you could send me the application forms and details concerning financial aid.

·Would you be so kind to furnish me with some related information?

·I would be grateful if you would forward me necessary materials and relevant information about the research project at your earliest convenience.

9. Supplying information

·If you need any additional information, please do not hesitate to contact me.

·If further materials are required, I am willing to forward them to you.

10. Enclosure(s)

·Enclosed pleased find a copy of my curriculum vitae / resume, a photo of my academic degree certificate, and two photographs.

·I am enclosing my curriculum vitae, together with my photographs.

·Y ou will find enclosed a photocopy of my ID card, a photograph of my university diploma, and a

photocopy of my technical qualification certificate.

·please refer to my enclosed CV for details.

Task 2 Curriculum Vitae The curriculum vitae, also called a CV, is often used for academic conferences or academic exchange purposes. If you are invited to an international conference, the conference organizer would request you to offer your CV to the conference organizing committee as a self-introduction.

Similarly, if you are applying for academic exchange programs, such as doing research at the doctoral/postdoctoral level, teaching in a foreign institute as a researcher, a visiting scholar or a visiting professor, you will enclose your CV for the experts’ consideration. To write such a CV, you should try to construct scholarly identity—your abilities as a researcher, teacher, or publishing scholar within your discipline.

Format of a curriculum vitae

·Name, affiliation, address, phone, fax and email address

·Education background

·Research areas/interests, (current) research project(s), work in progress

·Teaching experiences

·Selected publications, conference presentations

·Honors and awards

·Professional membership

·Personal details(optional): date of birth, place of birth, nationality, marital status

Useful Expressions and Sentence Patterns

1. Objective

·Researcher on Applied Linguistics at the postdoctoral level

·An lecturer of law at Tianjin University

2. Education

·B.S. in Applied Mathematics in the Department of Mathematics, Zhejiang University, 2001. ·B.A. in English Language and Literature, College of Foreign Languages, Peking University, 1999.

·M.S. candidate in Computer Science and Technology, Nankai University, 2003.

·M.B.A. in Management School of Shandong University, 2004.

·Ph.D. in Physics, University of Melbourne, Australia, 2006

·Ph.D. candidate in Biology, School of Biology, University of Leeds, 2005

3. Academic Work History

·1992-1994 Lecturer, Department of Genetics, University of Leeds

·1994-1999 Reader in Evolutionary Biology, School of Biology, University of Leeds

·1999-2006 Professor of Biology, School of Biology, University of Leeds

·Since 2007 Assistant Professor, Department of Physics, National University of Singapore ·2006 Senior Research Fellow, Department of Physics, National University of Singapore ·December 2001-August 2006 Research Fellow, Department of Physics, National University of Singapore

·2004 Lecturer Center for Economics Research, Shandong University

4. Research interests/areas

·Composition and Rhetorical Theory, Cultural Criticism, Computer Mediated Communication, and Pedagogical Theory and Practices

·American literature, practical writing for business English

·Labor markets, the organization of work, social and economic policy on employment and unemployment

·Women’s studies, sociology of organizations(a gendered perspective), women and work, women and the professions

国际学术交流英语人人整理

1我访问过一些地方，遇到过不少人，演谈起来，奇妙的事可多呢。 There are many wonderful stories to tell about the places I visited and the people I meet. 2你们已经取得了进步，对此我毫不怀疑。 There has been no doubt in my mind of the progress which you have achieved. 汉语：由先到后，由因到果，由假设到推论，先叙事后总结，符合汉语“末尾焦点”的语言习惯和“从众归一”的思维方式。“循序渐进” 英语：先表示个人感受、态度或是首先就事情本身做出评论，然后再叙述事情的来龙去脉。“开门见山” 这种小型热带鱼由于具有自行修复受损和患病的眼部细胞的独特功能，长期以来一直为科学家所关注。 The tiny tropical fish has long interested scientists because of its unique ability to repair damaged and diseased cells in its own eyes. 一项技术突破使科学家得以第一次利用成年猴子培育出几十个克隆胚胎，从而开拓了以医疗为目的的高效克隆人类胚胎的前景。 The prospect of being able to clone human embryos efficiently for medical treatments has been raised by a technical breakthrough that has enabled scientists to make dozens of cloned embryos from adult monkeys for the first time. 如蒙尽早回寄来样品或产品册，将不胜感激。 It would be appreciated if samples and/or brochure could be soon forwarded to us. 如能尽早回复，我将非常感谢。 I will be very obliged to you if you will kindly grant me a reply at your earliest convenience. 英语：先叙述最近发生的事，再叙述次近发生的事，最后叙述最远发生的事。 汉语：由远到近。 当有列举与总概时，英：先总概后列举；汉：先列举后总概 在自然界找不到游离状态的铝，因为这种金属总是和其他元素结合在一起，最普遍的是跟氧结合（铝和氧都有很强的亲和力），所以，铝直到十九世纪才被人类发现。

商务英语翻译：商务英语五大实用翻译技巧

商务英语翻译：商务英语五大实用翻译技巧商务英语是为国际商务活动这一特定的专业学科服务的专门用途英语，所涉及的专业范围很广，并具有独特的语言现象和表现内容、文体复杂。商务英语翻译要求翻译者具备丰富的商务理论和商务实践知识，为了提高翻译质量，翻译者必须具备一定的自身条件： 第一，翻译者的汉语功底要好 很多人容易忽视这一点，认为汉语是自己的母语，应付翻译中的问题应该是绰绰有余的。然而，在真正的翻译过程中，常常为了一个词语或者一个句型，冥思苦想了半天也得不到一个满意的结果。由此可见，汉语表达能力和对汉语理解能力的大小直接影响翻译的好坏。下功夫学好汉语，打好汉语基础对于翻译是十分重要的。 第二，英语语言能力要强 全面的语法知识和大量的词汇量缺一不可。如果只有大量的词汇量，而没有较好的英语语法知识，翻译过程中译者的理解肯定是错误百出，牛头不对马嘴。因此，我们要提高在英汉翻译中对于英文句子理解的准确性及汉英翻译中英文表达的准确性。 第三，知识面要广 商务英语翻译中要很好的做到这一点，就要掌握商务理论和贸易实务等理论知识及贸易实践经验。同时译者还要具有丰富的百科知识，对天文地理、古今中外不说通晓，至少也要了解其中的一些基本知识。没有一定的常识，即使语言水平再高，也是难以胜任翻译工作的。

以下介绍的是商务英语中主要的五大实用翻译技巧： 一、一词多义 同一个词，由于语境不同，其词义可千差万别。 例： 1、They cannot obtain credit at all in the trade. 他们生意信誉已荡然无存。 2、They have opened the covering credit with the Bank of China,London. 他们已从伦敦中国银行开立了有关信用证。 同一个词credit，而在不同的语境中，意思大有不同。 二、词类转译 词类转译是国际商务翻译中常见的译词技巧。常见的有名词与动词、介词与动词的互相转译。 例： 1、Before the payment of these tariffs, the imported goods will bein the custody of the customs. 交关税前，进口货物由海关保管。( 由于语法限制，只有用名词形式，但译成汉语时，”payment”译作“交”) 2 、We should advise you to get in touch with them for your requirements. 建议你方与他们取得联系，洽购所需商品。 三、词义引伸

中南大学研究生《学术交流英语》Unit4 课后习题

Unit4 课后习题: 1.Search in Internet to get a conference with different committees. Try to understand the duties of each committee. Organizing Committee/Program Committee: previous conferences，key participants, funding sources, and relevant topics; Selecting session topics and chairs, sort abstracts，organize sessions, and hand off to session chairs; assembling program and creating database of authors with their addresses and titles; to ensure the financial solvency of the meeting. Scientific Committee or Paper Committee: Receiving papers, abstracts and posters. Finance Committee: coffee break sponsors, program schedule sponsors, banquet sponsors, workshop sponsors, etc. Logistics Committee: coordinating all meeting and presentation facilities, food services, registrations, presentation equipment, room accommodations, and general to host conference at the selected facility. Accompanying Persons Committee: Set up programs for the spouses and other accompanying persons. 2.Study the session mode of at least three meetings and translate them into Chinese. Sample D(展览大厅模式) The Exhibitors Wall will be available on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday from 11:30 a.m. to 1:45 p.m. Time will be allocated to companies in one-hour time blocks on a first-come, first-served basis. A company may request one or two hours. Sessions will be scheduled from 11:30 a m. to 12:30 p. m., And from 12:45 p.m. to 1:45p.m.each day. Each one-hour time slot should include time for a Q&A. 会议的参展墙会在周一，周二，周三，周四上午11:30到下午1点45分展览。先到的团体就先开，原则上，每次会议是一个小时，但有些团体可能会要求一两个小时。会议时间是每天的上午11:30到下午12:30，下午12:45到下午1:45，每个时间段包括问答时间。 Sample E(4天会议模式): The four-day conference will include plenary, oral, and poster sessions on research in plasma science and technology and a Prize Address by the recipient of the Plasma Science and Applications Committee Award. Oral sessions will include both invited and contributed papers. Invited papers are allotted 20 minutes for presentation and 10 minutes for questions. Contributed papers are allotted 12 minutes for presentation and 3 minutes for questions. 等离子体科学和技术研究的全体会议，口头和海报会议以及等离子体科学与应用委员会获奖者的颁奖典礼将持续4天。口头会议包括特约论文和贡献论文。特约发言人有20分钟演示文稿时间和10分钟的答问时间。贡献发言人的报告时间是12分钟和问答时间是3分钟。 Sample F(所有发言人模式) All presentations are 12 minutes unless stated otherwise in the meeting program.(8minutes to present; 4 minutes for Q & A). THIS IS THE ABSOLUTE LIMITI! 所有演讲均为12分钟，除非会议节目另有说明。（8分钟演说，4分钟的问答）。所有的演讲都不能超过这个时间！

研究生英语精读教程第三版上unit one原文

Unit One Text: You Are What You Think And if you change your mind-from pessimism to optimism -you can change your life Claipe Safran [1] Do you see the glass as half full rather than half empty? Do you keep your eye upon the doughnut, not upon the hole? Suddenly these clichés are scientific questions, as researchers scrutinize the power of positive thinking. [2] A fast-growing body of research—104 studies so far, involving some 15,000 people—is proving that optimism can help you to be happier, healthier and more successful. Pessimism leads, by contrast, to hopelessness, sickness and failure, and is linked to depression, loneliness and painful shyness. "If we could teach people to think more positively," says psychologist Craig A. Anderson of Rice University①in Houston②，"it would be like inoculating them against these mental ills." [3] "Your abilities count," explains psychologist Michael F. Scheier of Carnegie Mellon University③in Pittsburgh④, "but

国际商务英语翻译

1.国际贸易一般指不同国家当事人进行的交易，它涉及到许多因素。因而比国内贸易要复杂的多。International business refers to transaction between parties from different countries. It involves mort factors and thus is more complicated than domestic business. 2.随着经济一体化进程的发展，很少人和公司能完全独立于国际商务之外而存在。因此，在此方面具有一定的知识是十分必要的，这既有益于企业的发展，又有益于个人的进步With the development of economic globalization, few people or companies can completely stay away from international business. Therefore, some knowledge in this respect is necessary both for the benefit of enterprises and personal advancement 3.其他参与国际贸易的形式有管理合同，承包生产和“交钥匙”工程。 Other forms for participating in international business are management contract, contract manufacturing, and turnkey project 4.国际贸易最初以商品贸易的形式出现，即在一国生产或制造商品而出口或进口到另一国进行消费或转售。International business first took the form of commodity trade, i.e. exporting and importing goods produced or manufactured in one country for consumption or resale in another. 5.除了国际贸易和投资，国际许可和特许经营有时也是进入国际市场的一种方式 Besides trade and investment, international licensing and franchising are some times taken as a means of entering a foreign market. （二） 1.国民生产总值和国内生产总值是表明一国收入的两个重要概念，区别在于前者强调的是生产要素的所属权而后者着重于进行生产的国家。 GNP and GDP are two important concepts used to indicate a country's income. The difference between GNP and GDP is that the former focuses on ownership of the factors of production while the latter concentrates on the place where production takes place 2.要估评某一市场的潜力，人们往往要分析其收入水平，因为它为那里居民的购买力高低提供了线索In assessing the potential of a market, people often look at its income level since it provides clues about the purchasing power of its residents. 3.世界各国被世界银行分为三大领域，高收入国家、中等收入国家和低收入国家 Countries of the world are divided by the World Bank into three categories of high-income, middle income and low income 4.中国现在的年人均收入为1100 美元以上，但几年前它还是个低收入国家。 China with an annual per capita income of over $1100 is a middle income country though it was a low income country just a few years ago. 5.就中国来说，周围还有其他应特别关注的市场，如亚洲四小虎，东盟国家，俄罗斯等国，这些国家都具有前景看好的市场潜力，能为中国提供很好的商机。As far as China is concerned, other markets we should pay particular attention to are those around us: the Four Tigers, the ASEAN countries, Russia, etc. Those are countries with very promising market potential and can offer good business opportunities to China. （三） 1.过去的几十年，地区经济一体化越来越严重。 The past decades witnessed increasingly growing importance of regional economic integration. 2 经济联盟的成员国不仅要在税收、政府开支、企业策略等方面保持一致，而且还应适用同一的货币。 The members of an economic union are required not only to harmonize their taxation, government expenditure, industry policies, etc, but also use the same currency. 3 欧洲委员会是欧盟的管理机构之一，此机构将提议呈交给部长理事会做决定，并监督各成员国根据所制定的条约履行自己的义务。The European Commission is one of the governing organs of the EU. It is the body which puts proposals to the Council of Ministers for decision and sees that the members carry out their duties under the treaty 4APEC 建立与在澳大利亚首都堪培拉召开的一次部长级会议上。当时有12 位成员国出席，分别是澳大利亚、美国、加拿大、日本、朝鲜、新西兰和东盟六国。APEC was set up at the Ministerial Meeting held in the Australia capital Canberra attened by 12members of Australia，the united states，canada，japan，republic of korea，new zealand and six ASEAN countries. 5 著名的自由贸易区是北美自由贸易区，它是由美国、加拿大和墨西哥于1991 年建立的。 The most notable free trade area is the North American Free Trade Area, the largest free market formed by the United States, Canada and

研究生英语精读教程教师参考书(第三版下)中国人民大学出版社

Language Points 1.Subtitle:Toxin sniffers，missile jammers,dirty-bomb detectors： The post-9/11security blitz is affecting more than public safety—it’s changing the course of science. Toxin sniffers:毒素嗅探器missile jammers:导弹人为干发射机 dirty-bomb detectors:放射性核弹探测器 全句可译为：毒素嗅探器、导弹人为干发射机、放射性核弹探测器：“9·11” 事件后闪电式的保卫行动不仅影响着公共安全——还在改变着科学的进程。 2.Par.[1]:In the race to prevent future9/11-style attacks—or worse—Washington has marshaled the U.S.science establishment on a scale not seen since Sputnik. 全句可译为：华盛顿以前苏联发射人造地球卫星以来所未有的规模对美国的科 学机构做了安排。 3.Par.[2]:“A lot of it is security theater technology designed to make you feel better,”says Bruce Schneier，author of Beyond Fear：Thinking Sensibly about Security in an Uncertain World. 全句可译为：《超脱恐惧：明智地考虑变幻莫测世界的安全问题》的作者布鲁 斯·施奈尔说：“这当中有许多都是做表面文章的保安技术，目的是让你感到 更安全。 4.Par.[6]:As the archive of visa applicants balloons，scans of all10 fingers will provide more fail-safe identifications. 全句可译为：随着护照签证申请人的档案急剧增加，对十指全部进行扫描将 使身份验证更加万无一失。 5.Par.[9]:Resembling a sleek outhouse，the$150,000walk-through machine sends a quick blast of air over your clothing to dislodge trace explosive particles. walk-through:（建筑物）从两端都可进入的 全句可译为：这种价值15万美元的从两端都可进入的机器像个造型优美的 户外小屋，它在你的衣服上面迅速地吹过一股气流，从衣服上吹下微量炸药 粒子， 6.Par.[10]:Still,building technology today already seems light-years beyond pre-9/11days． 全句可译为：然而，今天的建筑技术看来已经远远超过“9·11”事件以前的 日子了。 7.Par.[11]:GPS:Global Positioning System全球卫星定位系统 8.Par.[12]:A cyber-attack on the country’s financial networks or power and telecommunications grids could make other means of protecting our physical assets moot. 全句可译为：对国家的金融网或电力和电信网进行的网络攻击，可使我们保 护有形资产的其他手段变得无实际意义。 9.Par.[12]:Developers describe it as a“Google-esque”tool and predict

国际学术交流英语 welcome speech

Sample 1 Welcome Speech by Mr. Wang Dekun Ladies and Gentlemen: It is a great honor for us to have the Sixth IEEE Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications (CAIA) held here in Nanjing, the capital of our Province. I am Wang Dekun, mayor of Nanjing City. Please allow me on behalf of the Jiangsu Provincial Government and myself to extend my warmest congratulations on the convening1of this conference. I would also like to warmly welcome you—all the conference participants home and abroad to the conference. Jiangsu is one of the most developed provinces in China. It is known for its strength and potential for further development in industry, agriculture, science and technology, culture, education, etc. Jiangsu is such a congenial place that it attracts talented people from everywhere. Since the implementation of the policy of reform and opening, Jiangsu Province has made great and rapid advancement in various aspect of its economic and cultural life. It has also made remarkable achievements in the past few years in its exchange and cooperation with foreign countries. CAIA will no doubt be a new impetus2 to the development of Jiangsu, which sits in the middle between conferences that are almost purely theoretical and those that are almost purely applications oriented. The purpose of this conference is to educate the professional software engineer in how to apply AI techniques to real problems. We are honored to invite some distinguished experts to give keynote speeches, focusing on the boundary between theory and practice; in particular, on representations and problem solving techniques and their demonstrated application to real problems. Consequently, there is a conjoint emphasis on “what” (the application) and “how” (the method). Thus, CAIA will provide the opportunity for researchers and engineers who are interested in “real world” applications to share their ideas and experiences. I sincerely applaud the opening of this conference, which is indeed a platform of technological exchange for guest experts and scholars home and abroad. I believe, by way of this conference, the relationship between us will be strengthened and we will innovate more beneficial solutions through the use of artificial intelligence technologies. I would like all of you to feel at home here in China and wish the conference a great success. Thank you. self-introduction welcoming the participants introducing the host province information about the conference: purpose, characteristics, etc. significance of the conference expressing good wishes

高等学校研究生英语系列教材-综合教程(上)主编熊海虹何莲珍 1-6单元 练习参考答案

《研究生英语综合教程上》1-6单元练习参考答案 Unit One Planning Your Future Career Reading Focus Traits of the Key Players Text Exploration Task 2 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. B Vocabulary in Action Task 1 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A 12. B Task 2 1. public (c) 2. discipline (b) 3. strength (a) 4. reference (a) 5. strength (d) 6. public (a) 7. demonstrated (b) 8. discipline (c) 9. reference (c) 10. personality (a) 11. disciplining (d) 12. demonstrates (a) 13. public (d) 14. reference (b) 15. personality (c) Task 3 1. employment 2. paid 3. adjust

4. setting 5. discouraged 6. credit 7. cite 8. demonstrate 9. teamwork 10. rules Translation Practice Paragraph One “一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，生意始终在进行。这意味着一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，竞争也同样在进行。”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一，就是要更快到达‘目的地’！这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。” Paragraph Two 最后，职业地位包含对职业标准的遵守。很多律师通过在行业内外把自己塑造成一个具有良好职业道德的典范来找到自我价值。对那些在所有职业行为中都表现出极度正直和谦逊有礼的律师来说，当管理阶层对他们理应受到的特别尊重表示肯定时，便又获得了另一种形式的精神报酬。 Unit Two Arts of the Table Reading Focus Culinary Delights in China

《学术交流英语教程》第二版第2版王文宇,翻译答案

学术交流英语教程第二版第2版王文宇翻译答案

P38 汉译英 （1）我们在你们的主页中了解到你们是专门研究是专门研究X的，这正是我们目前研究的领域。如果有可能我们愿意与你们交换研究资料并邀请你们到我实验室进行学术访问。我方将设法为你们的来访和我们之间未来的合作所需的手续提供便利。 We have learned from your homepage that you are specialized in X, what we are doing now. If possible, we are willing to exchange research materials with you and invite you to our laboratory for academic visit. We will try to facilitate your visit and the necessary procedures for future cooperation between us. （2）来自南京的问候！我和您曾在上周伦敦“X国际研讨会”上见过面，当时我们就双方实验室研究工作做了交流，并简单讨论了未来合作的可能性。今致此邮件，进一步介绍一下我们的研究团队和我们目前的一些研究课题。希望您也能给我们提供一个有兴趣与我方建立联系的人员名单。 Greetings from Xiangtan! We met last week at the International panel discussion of X Conference in London，we talked about the laboratory research work of both sides and briefly discussed the possibility of future cooperation. With this email I would like to further introduce our team and some projects we are doing. We sincerely hope you can also recommend a list of members that would like establish a contact with us. （3）我系将负责安排您在南京期间的活动并为您支付在南京的全部费用。请您尽早发来您的访华行程表，以便我们了解您计划来宁的日期并为您到南京大学访问做好准备工作。 Our department will be in charge of the arrangement of your trip in Xiangtan and pay all expenses for your stay in Xiangtan. Please send us your schedule for your visit to China as early as possible so that we can know the date of your planned to come and make preparations for your visit to Xiangtan University. （4）我们愿意接受贵系系主任的热情邀请，拟下月底对贵系进行友好访问。此行主要目的是加强两系之间的联系并探讨进一步合作的可能性。希望解释我们

研究生英语精读教程翻译 上 课后习题及其答案。。

一、你认为自己是什么样的人，那你就是什么样的人 如果你改变想法——从悲观变为乐观——你就可以改变自己的生活 [1]你看酒杯是半杯有酒而不是半杯空着的吗？你的眼睛是盯着炸面圈，而不是它中间的孔吗?当研究者们仔细观察积极思维的作用时，这些陈词滥调突然间都成了科学问题。 [2]迅速增多的大量研究工作——迄今已有104个研究项目，涉及大约15 000人——证明乐观的态度可以使你更快乐、更健康、更成功。与此相反，悲观则导致无望、疾病以及失败它与沮丧、孤独、令人苦恼的腼腆密切相关。休斯敦莱斯大学的心理学家克雷格·A·安德森说：“如果我们能够教会人们更积极地思考，那就如同为他们注射了预防这些心理疾病的疫苗。” [3] “你的能力固然重要,”匹兹堡卡内基–梅隆大学的心理学家迈克尔·F·沙伊尔说，“但你成功的信念影响到你是否真能成功。”在某种程度上，这是由于乐观者和悲观者以截然不同的方式对待同样的挑战和失望。 [4]以你的工作为例。宾夕法尼亚大学的心理学家马丁·E·P·塞利格曼与同事彼得·舒尔曼在一项重要研究中对大都会人寿保险公司的推销员进行了调查。他们发现，在工龄较长的推销员中，积极思考者比消极思考者要多推销37%的保险额。在新雇用的推销员中，乐观主义者则多销了20%。 [5]公司受到了触动，便雇用了100名虽未通过标准化行业测试但在态度乐观一项得分很高的人。这些本来可能根本不会被雇用的人售出的保险额高出一般的推销员10%。 [6]他们是如何做到的呢？据塞利格曼说，乐观主义者成功的秘诀就在于他的“解释方式”。出了问题之后，悲观主义者倾向于自责。他说：“我不善于做这种事，我总是失败。”乐观主义者则寻找漏洞，他责怪天气，抱怨电话线路，甚至怪罪别人。他认为，是那个客户当时情绪不好。当一切顺利时，乐观主义者居功自傲而悲观主义者只把成功视为侥幸。[7]克雷格·安德森让一组学生给陌生人打电话，请他们为红十字会献血。当他们的第一、二个电话未能得到对方同意时，悲观者说：“我干不了这事。乐观主义者则对自己说：“我需要试试另一种方法。” [8]无论是消极还是积极，都是一种本身会成为事实的预言。安德森说：如果人们感到没有希望，他们就不会费事去获得成功所需的技能。” [9]据安德森看来，有无控制感是成功的试金石。乐观者能够掌握自己的命运。如果事情不顺利，他立刻做出反应，寻找解决办法，制定新的行动计划，并且主动寻求指点。悲观者则感到自己只能由命运摆布，行动拖拉。既然认为毫无办法，他便不去寻求指点。 [10]乐观主义者也许认为自己比事实能够证明的要强——有时正是这一点使他们充满生机。匹兹堡肿瘤研究所的桑德拉·利维博士对患晚期乳腺癌的妇女进行了研究。对那些通常持乐观态度的妇女来说，两次发病间隔的时间比较长，而这是生存下去的最好预兆。在一次对早期乳腺癌妇女的初步研究中，利维博士发现这一疾病在悲观病人身上复发更早。 [11]乐观态度不会使不治之症痊愈，却有可能预防疾病。在一项长期研究中，研究人员跟踪观察了一组哈佛大学毕业生的健康史。所有这些人都是班上的学生，并且健康状况良好。他们之中有的是积极思考者，有的是消极思考者。20年后，悲观者中患有中年常见病——高血压、糖尿病、心脏病——的人数要比乐观者多。 [12]许多研究显示，悲观者的无助感会损害人体的自然防御体系，即免疫系统。密执安大学的克里斯托弗·彼德森博士发现悲观主义者不能很好地照顾自己。他消极被动，无法避开生活中的打击，无论做什么都会担心身体不好或其他灾难将临。他大嚼不利于健康的垃圾食品，逃避体育锻炼，不听医生的劝告，还总是要再贪一杯。 [13]在多数人身上，乐观主义和悲观主义兼而有之，但总是更倾向于其中之一。塞利格曼说，这是一种早在“母亲膝下”就开始形成的思维模式，来自千万次警告或鼓励，消极的或积极的话语。过多的“不许”及危险警告会使一个孩子感到无能、恐惧以及悲观。 [14]随着年龄的增长，儿童能体会到许多小小的成就感，如学会系鞋带等。家长可以促使这类成功转变为控制感，从而培养出乐观主义。 [15]悲观是一种很难克服的习惯，但并非不能克服。在一系列具有重大突破的研究中，伊利诺伊大学的卡罗尔·德韦克博士对小学低年级儿童做了一些工作。她帮助那些屡屡出错的学生改变对失败原因的解释——从“我准是很笨”变成“我学习还不够努力”——因此他们的学习成绩提高了。 [16]匹兹堡的利维博士想知道把病人变成乐观主义者是否会延长他们的生命。在一次试验性研究中，两组结肠癌病人受到同样方式的治疗，但其中一些人还得到了鼓励乐观态度的心理帮助。试验结果表明这一做法有一定的效果。现在已在计划实施一项重大研究，以确定这一心理变化是否会改变病情的发展。 [17]因此，如果你是个悲观主义者，你完全有理由乐观起来。你能改变自己。以下就是范德比尔特大学的心理学家史蒂夫·霍朗指出的方法： [18]一、当坏事发生时，仔细留意自己的想法，把你最初的想法原原本本地记下来，一字不改。

研究生英语精读教程答案(下)分章节

研究生英语精读教程（下）答案 Unit 2 Exercise A I．Comprehension 1．The distinction between active and passive euthanasia is clear．In the former case，some direct action is taken(for example，lethal injection is given．) to help finishing the patient’s unbearable pain for good，while in the latter，no direct action is taken，merely letting the patient die． 2．The attitude of AMA is somewhat contradictory．First，it states that mercy killing is contrary to what the medical profession stands and also to its own policy．But then it goes on to say that the advice and judgment of the doctor should be available to the patient and／or his family． 3．A lethal injection is one which can“kill”the patient immediately．The author thinks that once the decision not to prolong the patient's agony is made，to give him a lethal injection is the best choice．Otherwise the patient will suffer more rather than less． 4．The most painful thing to do for a surgeon is to stand by and watch a savable baby die because his very duty is to use the scalpel to fight off death． 5．Some people are opposed to all kinds of euthanasia because they believe that all people have the right to live． 6．The author believes that the reason to let the baby die is only an excuse．And the real reason is that the child has Down's syndrome because the operation is very simple． 7．No，killing someone is not morally worse than letting someone die．(An example is omitted．) 8．What the doctor does in active euthanasia is only for humane reasons．In a civil case of killing，however，the person acts from the motive of personal gain．That's the main difference．9．Mercy killing and conventional euthanasia are the same thing，because in both cases the passive part the doctor plays is emphasized． 10．The attitude of AMA in its statement is contradictory．First，it forbids mercy killing, but then it goes on to deny that the cessation of treatment is the intentional termination of life．This is where the mistake is made, for the former is none other than the 1atter． Ⅱ．V ocabulary 1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．D 11．B 12．B 13：D 14．D 15．B 16．C 17．A 18．D 19．A 20．D Ⅲ．Cloze 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．B 14．B 15．C Ⅳ．Translation A．没有一个年轻人相信他是要死的。青春时期有一种永恒的感觉，使我们能自我纠正，适应一切事物。年轻人酷似神仙。虽半生一晃就过去了，还有下半生带着无限的宝藏给我们储备着，因为前程远大，希望无穷。这个新的时代是属于我们年轻人的。“一个远大无边的前景展开在我们面前。”我们环顾周围这个新的世界，充满着生命，活跃和不断的进步；我们自身感到朝气蓬勃，精神焕发，紧跟时代步伐。没有任何征兆会使我们预感到有朝一日，自