2018年高考英语试题一卷及答案解析

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 (新课标Ⅰ卷) 英 语 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A 、B 、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Washington, D.C. Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. Duration Tour This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see a world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability — the cherry blossoms —disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration:3 hours (4 miles) Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour In Washington, D.C. Duration:3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most ,interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线）make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour Duration:3 hours(7miles) Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as your bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights. 21.Which tour do you need to book in advance? A. Cherry Blossom like Tour in Washington, D.C. B. Washington capital Monuments Bicycle Tour. C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour. 22.What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour? A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a national park. C. Visit well-known museums. D. Enjoy interesting stories. 23.Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide? A. City maps. B. Cameras. C. Meals D. Safety lights B Good Morning Britain ’s Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role — showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. In Save Money: Good Food , she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes for under ￡5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter say s she’s been able to put a lot of what

此卷只装订不密封 班级 姓名 准考证号 考场号 座位号

she’s leant into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam,14, Finn,13, and Jack, 11.

"We love Mexican churros, so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant," she explains. "I pay ￡5 for a portion(一份), but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food, but sometimes we’re not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselv es. "

The eight-part series(系列节自), Save Money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps of ITV’s Save Money: Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market.

With food our biggest weekly household expense, Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonight’s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family’s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.

24. What do we know about Susanna Reid?

A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests.

B. She has started a new programme.

C. She dislikes working early in the morning.

D. She has had a light budget for her family.

25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?

A. He buys cooking materials for her.

B. He prepares food for her kids.

C. He assists her in cooking matters.

D. He invites guest families for her.

26. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4?

A. Summarize the previous paragraphs.

B. Provide some advice for the readers.

C. Add some background information.

D. Introduce a new topic for discussion.

27. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Keeping Fit by Eating Smart

B. Balancing Our Daily Diet

C. Making yourself a Perfect Chef

D. Cooking Well for Less

C

Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When the the world was still populated by hunter-gatherers,small, tightly knit (联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12,000 languages between them.

Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centres, trade,industrialisation. the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education. Especially glbalisation and better communications in the past few decades,all have caused many Languages to disappear,and dominant languages such as English．Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.

At present, the world has about 6 800 languages. The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages. Often spoken by many people while hot. wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 Languages: the Americas about 1,000. Africa 2 400; and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800. The median number (中位数)of speakers is a mere 6.000, which means that half the worlds languages are spoken by fewer people than that.

Already well over 400 of the total of, 6,800 languages are close to extinction(消亡), with only a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon (eight remaining speakers),Chiapaneco in Mexico(150). Lipan Apache in the United States(two or three)or Wadjigu in Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chance of survival.

28. What can we infer about languages in huntergatherer times?

A.They developed very fast.

B. They were large in number.

C. They had similar patters.

D. They were closely connected

29. Which of the following best explains"dominant " underlined in paragraph 2？

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/b014234184.html,plex.

B. Advanced.

C.Powerful.

D.Modem.

30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6, 000 people at present?

A.About 6 800

B.About 3 400

C.About 2.400

D.About 1-200

31. What is the min idea of the text?

A. New languages will be created.

B Peoples lifestyles are reflected in languages

C. Human development results in fewer languages

D. Geography determines language evolution.

D

We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment—and our wallets —as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.

To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life — from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation —Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.

As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones. "The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house," said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We're not just keeping these old devices —we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt's team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions（排放）more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.

So what's the solution（解决方案）? The team's data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.

32. What does the author think of new devices?

A. They are environment-friendly.

B. They are no better than the old.

C. They cost more to use at home.

D. They go out of style quickly.

33. Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?

A. To reduce the cost of minerals.

B. To test the life cycle of a product.

C. To update consumers on new technology.

D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.

34. Which of the following uses the least energy?

A. The box-set TV.

B. The tablet.

C. The LCD TV.

D. The desktop computer.

35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?

A. Stop using them.

B. Take them apart.

C. Upgrade them.

D. Recycle them.

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Color is fundamental in home design——something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life? Profession al? Or are you just looking for a place

to relax after a long day? 36 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.

Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. 37 , they can get a little complex .But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.

38 . They’re the little spots of color like t hrow pillows ,mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms .Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa ,small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable .

Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves 39 . They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.

The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors .Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 40 .

A. While all of them are useful

B. Whatever you’re looking for

C. If you’re experimenting with a color

D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with

E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces

F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time

G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

During my second year at the city college，I was told that the education department was offering a "free"course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits.I 41 the idea of taking the class because ，after all ,who doesn't want to 42 a few dollars?More than that, I'd always wanted to learn chess. And,even if I weren’t43 enough about free credits,news about our 44 was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster,which 45 I would be learning from one of the game's 46 .I could hardly wait to 47 him.

Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this 48 was no game for him: he meant business. In his introduction, he made it 49 that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to 50 the class ,among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professions and, 52 ,to our lives. I managed to get an A in that 53 and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54 .

Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I'm still putting to use what he 55 me:“The absolute most important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 57 .On every single move you have to 58 a situation ,process what your opponent(对手）is doing and 59 the best move from among all your options.”These words still ring true today in my 60 as a journalist.

41. A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down

42. A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay

43. A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired

44. A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor

45. A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant

46. A. fastest B. easiest C. best D. rarest

47.A. interview B. meet C. challenge D. beat

48. A. chance B. qualification C. honor D. job

50. A. attend B. pass C. skip D. observe

51. A. add B. expose C. apply D. compare

52. A. eventually B. naturally C. directly D. normally

53. A. game B. presentation C. course D. experiment

54. A. criterion B. classroom C. department D. situation

55. A. taught B. wrote C. questioned D. promised

56. A. fact B. step C. manner D. skill

57. A. grades B. decisions C. impressions D. comments

58. A. analyze B. describe C. rebuild D. control

59. A. announce B. signal C. block D. evaluate

60. A. role B. desire C. concern D. behavior

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long 62 (see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.

While running regularly can't make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause).

The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise…it's probably running. To avoid knee pain,you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to 68 (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap,easy and it's always 69 (energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的次。

删除：把多余的用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第l1处起）不计分。

During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.

I find a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. They also went here again,they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken.They also had a small pond,which they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. I felt happily that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed.

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件。内容包括：

1.到达时间；

2.合适的礼物；

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

(新课标Ⅰ卷)

英语答案

1-5 BCCBA 6-10BABCC 11-15ABAAC 16-20BCBCA

21-25ADDBC 26-30CDBCB 31-35CADBA 36-40BADGF

41-45BCADD 46-50CBDCB 51-55CACBA 56-60DBADA

61.longer 62.to see 63.dying 64.is 65.than 66.that \which 67.causes

68.strength 69.energetic 70.it \running

During my last winter holiday, I went to

the ∧countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. I find found

a change there. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another other animals. Last winter when I went here there

again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken chickens . They also had a small pond which in where

∧或 they raised fish. My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell selling

the fish. I felt happily happy

that their life had improved. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but and he agreed.

2018年高考英语I 卷答案解析

第一部分 听力：1-5 BCCBA 6-10 BABCC 11-15 ABAAC 16-20 BCBCAA 第二部分

第一节 阅读理解：

A 篇：本文是应用文，围绕主题Washington, D.C. Bicycle Tours ，开展的四项活动；以及每项活动持续的时长，活动内容以及活动注意事项。

21. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的to book in advance(提前预定), 我们可以采用原文定位法；根据第一段最后一句“Reserve your spot before availability-- and the cherry blossoms-- disappear ！”,句中的“reserve ”与题干中的“book ”都有“预定”之意，属于同义词替换，故选A 。

22. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据题干的关键词“the Capital City Bike Tour ”,应该回到第三段话，根据第三段的“Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about ...”可知应该选D 。

23. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“at night ”，应定位原文最后一段话。根据最后一句话“All rides are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.”可知选D 。

B 篇：本文是记叙文，告诉我们Susana Reid 在Matt Tebbutt 的帮助下，帮助经济预算紧张的家庭的人们如何做出美味又营养的饭菜。

24. B 【解析】判断推理题。 根据第一段第二行but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role....,所强调的重点内容是Susana Reid 转变了角色，开始帮助预算紧张的人们如何准备美味可口的饭菜。

25. C 【解析】细节理解题。本题可用排除法，根据第二段话第一句“She visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste...”可知选C 项。

26. C 【解析】判断推理题。根据第四段话内容可知，Susana Reid 现在主办的节目Save Money: Good Food 沿袭的是节目Save Money: Good Health 的模式，是对背景知识的补充，故选C 。

27. D 【解析】主旨归纳题。文章讲述了Susana Reid 的主办的新栏目Save Money: Good Food ，

该节目的宗旨是花少的钱，吃美味的饭菜。并且文章最后一段话最后一句回扣第一段话最后一句，故选D项。

C篇：本文是说明文，文章主要讲述随着时代的发展，语言的数量也在随之减少。文章还讲述了目前剩下的语言的数量及分布区域及使用者数量。

28. B. 【解析】推理判断题。根据题干中的hunter-gatherer, 应该回到第一段话。根据第二句的“small tightly knit groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other.”,可知在原始社会依靠狩猎和采集生活的人，紧密联系的小的群体往往发展出独立于（其他群体）的语言模式，可排除C，D；再根据第三句10000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12000 languages....，可知那个年代，语言种类繁多，数量之大，故选B。

29. C. 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段的“all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.”可知，本句以英语、西班牙语、汉语为例，说明这些语言影响力很强大。故选C。

30. B. 【解析】细节理解题。本题问“现在多少语言的使用者少于6000？”。根据第三段的“... a mere 6000, which means that half the world’s languages are spoken by fewer people than that.”可知选B。

31. C. 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知文章第一段第一句“but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot going.本句统领全文，主要在讲语言的现状：随着时代的发展，语言的数量在逐步减少。”因此答案C是最佳选项。

D篇：本文是说明文，文章先引入话题：过时的家用装置如旧电视，台式电脑，仍在使用中；但是不够节能环保。然后通过实验证明这些老旧过时的设备比新的先进设备多消耗44%的能源；建议我们停止使用老旧过时的家用设备。

32. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段话最后一句“That’s bad news for the environment-and our wallets-as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones....”，可知过时的装置耗能多，且对环境和经济都不利；我们由此可推断出新设备更环保。故选A。33. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt...tracked the environmental costs for each products...”，根据句首的不定式表示目的，可知Callie Babbitt团队研究的目的是找出这些装置使用了多少能源。A项是“为了减少矿物成本”；B项是“为了测试产品的生命周期；C项是“为了更新新技术的消费者””；D项是“为了了解设备的耗能量”，故选D。

34. B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段话最后两句，可知几种设备是按照时间顺序列举的；再根据文章最后一句，“They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.”通过对比得知tablets耗能最少，故选B。

35. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段可知旧装置耗能多；再根据最后一段话新装置耗能减少44%；可推理出文章建议停止使用旧电器装置。

第二节七选五：本文是说明文，主要介绍了在房间装修设计时，如何使用颜色。

36. B 【解析】根据本句的句子结构知识，空格后是简单句，空格处只能从A、B、C中选择；根据空前的三个问题，尤其是空前的“Are you looking for a place to relax....”中的“looking for”与B项中的“you are looking for”是原词的重复出现；再结合句意，B项符合此意。37. A 【解析】根据本句的句子结构知识，空格后是简单句，空格处只能从A、B、C中选

择；B项在36题已使用，只能选A或C；根据空格后的代词they的指代功能，再根据句意可知，they与A中的them指代相同，故选A。

38. D 【解析】第二段话最后一句承上启下，与下文是总分关系；根据第四段和第五段话的首句，可得知第三段话首句应该和small colors 有关；结合空后几句，可知选D更合适。39. G 【解析】根据第一句的主语是Medium colors, 再根据空格后说道they的两个方面，正好对应G中的in two major ways。使用G符合文意。

40. F 【解析】根据设空的位置位于段末，再结合前几句，可知此处是总结。故选F。

第三部分语言知识运用

第一节完型填空：

本文是记叙文。讲述了作者大学期间可免费选择一门名为“Thinking Chess”的课程，三个学分；不仅因为作者想学下棋，还可以节食金钱，更吸引作者的是老师。作为业界高手，老师Maurice严格要求学生，为了通过课程考试，学生要写出课程的收获以后打算如何运用未来职业中；作者表现突出，成绩优异，尤其在以后的工作中受益匪浅。

41. B. 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。put forward“提出”；jump at“欣然接受”；try out“试验”；turn down“调小；拒绝”。根据下文讲述选课的原因，说明作者“欣然接受”的态度。

42. C. 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。根据第一句的“free”cause，three credits, 可知作者免费学习，还能得到三个学分；可以“省”一笔钱。

43. A. 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意是“即使我不因为免费得到三个学分而激动，有关我们老师的消息也是足够吸引我（选这门课）。

44. D. 【解析】考查名词。根据下文的He, 可知此处指“人”，根据下文介绍老师的情况，使用选D。“instructor：老师，教员”。

45. D. 【解析】考查动词；which引导的定语从句是对前文的解释说明，根据句意选D，“这就意味着我可以向一个业界最好的人学习”。Urge：催催；demand：要求；hold：举办，容纳；

46. C. 考查形容词。根据上文“He was an international grandmaster”可知他水平高，故选C。

47. B. 考查动词。“我迫不及待要见到他”。

48. D. 【解析】考查名词。根据下文得知老师很严格，“老师不是将这份工作当做游戏”。故选D项。

49. C. 【解析】考查形容词。句型make it clear that....; 句意是“老师让我们明白，我们的学分不好挣得”。

50. B. 【解析】考查动词。“为了通过这门课，...”

51. C. 【解析】考查动词短语。apply...to...“把...应用于...”；add...to...“添加”；expose to 暴露于...；compare...to...比较，比作；句意是“我们打算如何运用我们课上所学的东西于以后的职业中，最后用到我们的生活中。”

52. A. 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。eventually：最后，最终；naturally:自然地；directly：直接地；normally:正常地；句意参考51。

53. C. 【解析】考查名词。“在那一门课中我得了A。”

54. B. 【解析】考查名词；beyond the classroom“在课堂外”。

55. A. 【解析】考查动词词义；“我在运用着老师教会我的东西”。

56. D. 【解析】考查名词词义；句意“下棋时学到的最主要的技巧是如何做出好的决定。”

57. B. 【解析】参考56解析。

58. A. 【解析】考查动词词义。“每走一步棋，你都要分析...去评估你所有的选择。”

59. D. 【解析】考查动词辨析。announce“宣布”；signal“发信号，示意”；block“堵塞”；evaluate“评估”；

60. A. 【解析】考查名词辨析。role“角色”;作者的工作是一名记者。

第二节语法填空：

61. longer. 【解析】考查形容词比较级。根据后文的than可提示答案。

62. to see 【解析】考查不定式表目的；“你不必跑很快或很久去看跑步的好处”。

63. dying. 【解析】考查介词+v-ing结构。

64. is. 【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致，根据it和上下文时态，可知选it。

65. than. 【解析】根据句意以及前文的more effective可知，本句是把跑步和走路，骑自行车和游泳作比较。

66. that/which. 【解析】考查定语从句中关系代词的语法，先行词是a study。

67. causes. 【解析】考查名词单复数。根据前面的all以及cause的可数名词，所以用causes.

68. strengthen. 【解析】考查词性转换。根据句意，此处是to strengthen不定式表目的。

69. energetic. 【解析】考查形容词作表语。

70. it/running 【解析】考查代词的指代功能。It指代running。

第四部分写作

第一节短文改错：

71. countryside前加the. 【解析】考查冠词；the countryside是惯用法。

72. find---found. 【解析】考查时态。根据第一句的时间状语During my last winter holiday可知用过去时态。

73. another---other. 【解析】考查不定代词。other animals“别的动物”。

74. here--- there. 【解析】考查副词。根据句意可得知答案。

75. chicken --- chickens. 【解析】考查考查名词单复数。dozens of修饰可数名词复数。

76. which---where或者which前加in. 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。Where=in which在从句中作地点状语。

77. sell---selling. 【解析】考查非谓语动词。介词后加v-ing形式。

78. happily---happy. 【解析】考查形容词作表语。

79. for every two years前的for去掉；【解析】every two years为固定短语“每几年”。

80. but---and. 【解析】考查并列连词。

第二节书面表达：

命题立意：

本题是写一封邮件，邮件主要内容包括：1. 到达时间；2. 合适的礼物；3. 餐桌礼仪。该设题有利于考查考生的英语核心素养，考查学生对中国餐桌礼节的了解情况，符合当今英语试卷命制的特点和趋势。考生应该用英语思维合理表达，自然过渡到下一表达要点。

参考范文：

Dear Terry,

I am pleased to know that you will come to China for a visit. You know, China is an

ancient country which enjoys a long history and colorful culture. I sincerely hope you can have an unforgettable trip in China.

You should know about some basic manners about Chinese customs. Firstly, if you can arrive on time, your Chinese friends will be very glad. What’s more, you may as well pick out

a proper present for your friends. Flowers will always be a good choice. Finally, it is the table

manners that can make a country different from another. The best advice is “Do as the Romans do”.

If there is anything else I can do for you, please don’t hesitate to contact me. Best wishes

for you.

Yours,

Li Hua 评分标准：

第五档(21-25分)：完全完成了试题规定的任务，完全达到了预期的写作目的

——覆盖所有内容要点。

——应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。

——语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致;具备较强的语言运用能力。

——有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。

第四档(16-20分)：完全完成了试题规定的任务，达到了预期的写作目的

——虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。

——应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。

——语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。

——应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。

第三档(11-15分)：基本完成了试题规定的任务，整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的

——虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。

——应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。

——有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。

——应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。

第二档(6-10分)：未恰当完成试题规定的任务，信息未能清楚地传达给读者

——漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。

——语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。

——有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。

——较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。

第一档(1-5分)：未完成试题规定的任务，信息未能传达给读者

——明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。

——语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。

——较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。

——缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。

不得分(0分)：未能传达给读者仟何信息：内容太少，无法评判;写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。

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2018年英语高考2卷 试题及答案

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2 / 18

21.Which activity will you choose if you want to go camping? A.OUT. B.WBP. C.CRF. D.POT. 22.What will the students do on Tuesday with Mrs. Wilson? A. Travel to London. B. See a parade and fireworks. C. Tour central Paris. D. Visit the WWI battlefields. 23.How long does Potty about Potter last? A. Two days. B. Four days. C. Five days. D. One week. B Many of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels form British Columbia’s fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection. Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have 3 / 18

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