长沙理工大学自考英语考试资料(二)

英语（二）复习范围

一、V ocab ulary and S tructures

1、We __________ go out to restaurants, but mostly we eat at home.

A、occasionally

B、relatively

C、continually

D、absolutely

2、If payment is not received, legal action will be our only __________.

A、aggression

B、advantage

C、alternative

D、ambition

3、The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just __________.

A、tentative

B、valid

C、technical

D、thorough

4、When you __________ know Bob better, you will like him.

A、go to

B、got to

C、went to

D、get to

5、__________ Tom has done really amazed everyone in his class.

A、What

B、Which

C、That

D、Who

6、__________ he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely.

A、As

B、When

C、While

D、Since

7、There are many sales this season, during which stores will lower their __________ prices.

A、normal

B、general

C、ordinary

D、usual

8、Scientists doubt whether it’s __________ to regulate one’s biological clock by drinking.

A、feasible

B、incredible

C、fashionable

D、valuable

9、The room was quiet, __________ the occasional coughing from my throat.

A、in case

B、except for

C、by far

D、instead of

10、The profit-sharing plan is designed to __________ the staff to work hard.

A、calculate

B、demonstrate

C、speculate

D、motivate

11、Although she had received no __________ education, she was skilled in chemistry.

A、preschool

B、traditional

C、formal

D、remedial

12、The general manager was very busy yesterday, otherwise he __________ to the meeting.

A、would have come

B、would come

C、should come

D、had come

13、The professor has __________ his whole life to the nation’s education.

A、involved

B、devoted

C、distributed

D、managed

14、The __________ away we get from the earth, the __________ the air becomes.

A、farther…thin

B、far…thinner

C、farther…thinner

D、further…thin

15、Anyone __________ to learn English well should remember the proverb: Practice makes perfect.

A、wants

B、want

C、wanted

D、wanting

16、The success of the young scientist is, ________, due to his hard work.

A、to advantage

B、to no avail

C、to excess

D、to a great extent

17、It is important to ________ the fine tradition of plain living and hard work.

A、call off

B、keep up

C、make over

D、lay out

18、He has bought a new bookcase because of his ________ book collection.

A、expanding

B、exaggerating

C、exhausting

D、excluding

19、The boy went to the seaside for the summer vacation to escape the ________ of school life.

A、optimum

B、boredom

C、freedom

D、wisdom

20、The editor went through the article carefully, trying to ________ all the mistakes in it.

A、undermine

B、withstand

C、visualize

D、eliminate

21、If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get ________.

A、concentrated

B、confused

C、confirmed

D、convinced

22、Y ou should help them ________ when your friends quarrel with each other.

A、come into sight

B、come to terms

C、come into play

D、come to power

23、I was writing a report last night; ________ I would not have stayed up late.

A、however

B、otherwise

C、therefore

D、furthermore

24、He insured his car ________ he had an accident.

A、unless

B、if

C、since

D、in case

25、The twin sisters were identical ________ appearance and character.

A、of

B、with

C、in

D、to

26、Scientists are now working on programs to ________ the place and time of earthquakes.

A、assume

B、guess

C、predict

D、release

27、An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his work ________.

A、personally

B、scarcely

C、respectively

D、responsibly

28、She couldn’t ________ the meaning of the poem because it’s too vague.

A、work with

B、work out

C、work at

D、work up

29、Y ou’d better leave things ________ if you don’t know how to deal with them.

A、off

B、out

C、alone

D、over

30、The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well ________.

A、nourished

B、stuffed

C、tamed

D、ventured

31、The traffic was held up for more than thirty minutes, ________ caused me to arrive late.

A、it

B、that

C、what

D、which

32、Poor speaker of English though he was at the time, he still managed to make himself ____.

A、understand

B、understood

C、understanding

D、to understand

33、As for family education, parents are encouraged to rely on ________ rather than punishment.

A、criticism

B、intimidation

C、persuasion

D、scolding

34、Y ou’d better leave things ________ if you don’t know how to deal with them.

A、lonely

B、only

C、lone

D、alone

35、So far scientists have only acquired ________ understanding of the physical processes that

cause earthquakes.

A、a partial

B、a changeable

C、an original

D、an individual

36、Whenever I go out to dinner with him, I always ________ paying the bill.

A、end up

B、arrive at

C、drop out

D、give off

37、Modern economics ________ the country’s agricultural policies.

A、undergoes

B、understands

C、underlies

D、undertakes

38、What he told us was more of a(n) ________ than a reality.

A、illusion

B、demonstration

C、illustration

D、reputation

39、Children have a natural ________ about the world around them.

A、certainty

B、capability

C、cleverness

D、curiosity

40、He has deep love for the people and ________ loyalty to the country.

A、intense

B、initial

C、instant

D、imitative

41、This is the first time that a woman has been ________ to the post.

A、granted

B、praised

C、pointed

D、appointed

42、Don’t trust everything ________ you have read in the newspapers.

A、which

B、that

C、as

D、what

43、She ________ everything else and concentrated on the task before her.

A、set off

B、set back

C、set aside

D、set up

44、I’ve got the order from the boss that the work ________ finished before 5 p.m. today.

A、would be

B、be

C、will have been

D、could be

45、It is not decided ________ the conference will be held.

A、what

B、which

C、when

D、that

二、Cloze T est

Passage 1

Choice is the opportunity to select among alternatives. If there is no choice, there is no decision to be made. Decision __1__ is the process of choosing, and many decisions have a broad range of choice. For example, a student __2__ be able to choose among a number of different courses in order to implement the decision to obtain a college degree. For manager, every decision has constraints based on policies, procedures, laws, precedents, and the __3__. These constraints exist __4__ all levels of the organization.

Alternatives are the possible courses of action __5__ choices can be made. If there are no alternatives, there is no choice and, therefore, __6__ decision. __7__ no alternatives are seen, often it means that a thorough job of examining the problems has not been done. For example, managers sometimes __8__ problems in an either/or fashion; this is their way of simplifying complex problems. But the tendency to __9__ blinds them to other alternatives.

At the managerial level, decision making includes limiting alternatives as well as identifying them, and the range is from highly limited __10__ practically unlimited.

（）1、A、made B、making C、make D、to make （）2、A、must B、can C、may D、should （）3、A、similar B、same C、so on D、like

（）4、A、at B、for C、on D、over

（）5、A、among what B、between them C、of that D、from which （）6、A、somewhat B、some C、no D、any

（）7、A、As B、If C、While D、Though （）8、A、treat B、meet C、face D、deal

（）9、A、satisfy B、simplify C、identify D、modify （）10、A、before B、in C、to D、after Passage 2

What is a comet? It is a ___1___ that goes round our sun, not in a ___2___ like the planets, but in a kind of egg ___3___ that takes it round our solar system, ___4___ in some cases perhaps even outside it, and then bake in ___5___. The nearest any comet gets to the edge of our sun during its orbits is about 145,000 kilometers. The ___6___ orbit is three years, and the longest is ___7___ to be something like a million years. There are thought to be about 120,000 comets in our solar system.

A comet has a head and one or more long ___8___. What are they ___9___? Most scientists believe they are frozen gases and dust, but ___10___ there has been another idea will be tested in future scientific research.

（）1、A、system B、body C、satellite D、zone

（）2、A、line B、triangle C、square D、circle

（）3、A、shape B、shadow C、shade D、space

（）4、A、but B、and C、or D、as

（）5、A、aboard B、away C、apart D、again

（）6、A、latest B、smallest C、shortest D、slowest

（）7、A、likely B、vital C、typical D、subtle

（）8、A、surfaces B、tails C、wings D、strings

（）9、A、made out B、made up C、made from D、made of

（）10、A、instantly B、nearly C、recently D、naturally Passage 3

We all believe that modern technology can make life better because it makes everything faster. But by ___1___ everything up, we suffer losses we have not yet learnt to know. Our day begins with speedy urges: the alarm rings and you jump ___2___ bed. Y ou take a quick shower. Then you wake the kids and ___3___ them through breakfast so they won’t miss the bus. At the dining table, you swallow some slices of bread with a cup of tea. When everything ___4___, you hurry to the car, thinking of the things you would buy from the supermarket on the way ___5___. Driving 20 minutes in the busy traffic, you reach your workplace, rushing into the building and ___6___ up the stairs three at a time, arriving at your desk with seconds to spare. Y ou take ___7___ deep breaths. Then, you instantly remember that the ___8___ you didn’t finish last night must be faxed to Beijing by 10 o’clock in the morning.

Y et it seems that the ___9___ we go, the further we fall behind. Not only in the literal sense of not getting done what we set out to do, ___10___ at a deeper level. It has come to the point where my days feel like an Olympic marathon.

（）1、A、speeding B、setting C、waking D、looking

（）2、A、away from B、on to C、back on D、out of

（）3、A、look B、break C、rush D、see

（）4、A、is done B、begins C、works D、is gone

（）5、A、to home B、home C、at home D、from home （）6、A、leaping B、walking C、driving D、moving

（）7、A、a great deal of B、a number of C、a lot of D、a couple of （）8、A、subject B、project C、object D、inject

（）9、A、more B、slower C、faster D、less

（）10、A、but also B、as well C、too D、either

三、Read ing Comprehension

Passage One

In the sea, at the base of what scientists call the food chain are single-celled plants. These microscopic algae (海藻) provide the energy for the chain that feeds higher forms of life. Under some conditions, algae suddenly begin to spread very quickly and the event is known as a bloom. Usually blooms are not harmful but some kinds of algae produce poisons. These toxins can be deadly to sea animals and also dangerous to people. When algae bloom, they can change the color of the water as they form dense areas near the surface.

Y ou may have heard the term “red tide”. But experts at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute in Massachusetts say this is incorrect. Blooms are not connected with tides and there are

not always red. The water can appear brown or greenish. And in fact, some algae can be harmful without changing the color of the water. So instead of red tide, scientists use the term “harmful algal bloom”. Algal is the adjective form of alga —a single plant. But they also just say HAB for short.

The toxins can very quickly kill fish such as herring and anchovies that feed on algae. But even if they survive, they can be dangerous to eat. Not only that, bigger fish that eat the algae eaters may also be dangerous. Some toxins harm only sea life, but others can cause severe stomach and intestinal problems as well as neurological disorders and even death in people. The only way to know whether these toxins are present is through laboratory testing of fish and shellfish.

Experts say the meaty or hard muscle parts of shrimps, crabs, scallops and lobsters are safe to eat because they do not absorb the poison. But people should not eat the liver of other organs or soft tissues. Also people should not eat other kinds of shellfish during an HAB. These include oysters, clams, mussels and whelks.

1、It can be inferred from the passage that algae are ________.

A、simple plants

B、desert plants

C、garden plants

D、tropical plants

2、The color of the water in the sea changes when algae ________.

A、cause neurological disorders

B、grow and become poisonous

C、become dense near the surface

D、kill large numbers of sea animals

3、The toxins of algae could be tested through ________.

A、bloom

B、water

C、algae

D、fish

4、It is mentioned in the passage that the color of HAB can be ________.

A、red, brown or greenish

B、red, brown or yellowish

C、red, greenish or yellowish

D、brown, greenish or yellowish

5、The passage mainly deals with ________.

A、the deadly poisons in algae in the sea

B、the algal bloom and its harmful effects

C、the precise definition of algae in the sea

D、the general classification of algae in the sea

Passage T wo

Many children first learn the value of money by receiving an allowance. The purpose is to let children learn from experience at an age when financial mistakes are not very costly. The amount of money that parents give to their children to spend as they wish differs from family to family. Timing is another consideration. Some children get a weekly allowance. Others get a monthly allowance. In any case, parents should make clear what, if anything, the child is expected to pay for with the money.

At first, young children may spend all of their allowance soon after they receive it. If they do this, they will learn the hard way that spending must be done within a budget. Parents are usually advised not to offer more money until the next allowance.

The object is to show young people that a budget demands choices between spending and saving. Older children may be responsible enough to save money for larger costs, like clothing or electronics.

Many people who have written on the subject of allowances say it is not a good idea to pay your child for work around the home. These jobs are a normal part of family life. Paying children to do extra work around the house, however, can be useful. It can even provide an understanding

of how a business works.

Allowances give children a chance to experience the three things they can do with money. They can share it in the form of gifts or giving to a good cause. They can spend it by buying things they want. Or they can save it.

Saving helps children understand that costly goals require sacrifice: you have to cut costs and plan for the future.

6、Parents often give allowance to their children for them ________.

A、to pay for school fees

B、to buy gifts for themselves

C、to put savings in banks

D、to learn to manage money

7、According to the passage, it seems that ________.

A、older children often make financial mistakes

B、younger children know little about money spending

C、parents usually give their children monthly allowances

D、experts advise parents to give their children more money

8、If young children have spent all of their allowances beyond a budget, parents ________.

A、should give them more money

B、should not offer them any advice

C、should help them to make a budget

D、should not offer them extra money

9、When giving their children allowance, parents should be careful of ________.

A、age and amount

B、place and time

C、amount and timing

D、timing and age

10、If a child sets a goal he tries to obtain with money, he should first ________.

A、make extra money

B、reduce his expenses

C、share his money with others

D、do more work around the home

Passage Three

We live in a technologi cal society. Almost every aspect of life in the modern world is influenced (for better or worse) by technology . Communications, transportation, manufacturing, mining and exploration, the service industries, medicine, agri culture all are dominated by methods and apparatus which are the results of technologi cal advances. The basi s of technology is science. wi thout the fundamental discoveries and understanding provided by science, technology would be hit-or-miss(随意的) affair, lacking di rection and making little progress. One can argue that our society is beginning to suffer from too much technology, but we will never return to the primitive life of our ancestors –technology is with us and it will remain with us.

Just as it is important to study history so that we can appreciate how the world came to its present state, it is important to learn some of the basic concepts of science so that we can appreciate the role that technology plays in modern society. For without some knowledge of the scientific principles by which technology operates, one can neighter cope with technology nor assist in directing it into the proper channels.

In recent times, we have had the general attitude that whatever is technologically possible should be done. It is now becoming increasingly apparent that our scientific and technological progress has outstripped (超越) our capacity to perform or absorb everything that is possible. More and more, we will have decisions to make: in what directions should the thrust of our new discoveries be made? The situation requires that we make intelligent decisions – decisions based in a knowledge and an understanding of what can be done, what will be the benefits, and what will be the consequences. Scientists do not make these decisions; people make them. It is therefore

incumbent (义不容辞的) on every individual to acquire the basic knowledge that will permit him to participate intelligently in directing the course of our technological advancement.

1、According to the passage, technology can ________.

A、produce bad effects on society

B、suffer from hit-or-miss affairs

C、influence the courage of science

D、restore life of the primitive age

2、According to the passage, one must learn basic concepts of science in order to ________.

A、assist in directing science in a proper way

B、contribute to the orientati on of technol ogy

C、discover the progress of science in history

D、find out about the exi stence of technology

3、Because the human capacity to perform or absorb everything that is possible has been

outstripped, it is time for people to ________.

A、slow down the development of technology

B、reduce the role of science in modern times

C、take a new point of view about technology

D、reevaluate the lifestyle of human ancestors

4、According to the write, it is everyone’s responsibility to particip ate in deciding on ________.

A、how fast scientific advancement should be

B、how fast technological progress should be

C、what to acquire and what to skip in science

D、what to do and what to avoid in technology

5、The passage is mainly about ________.

A、the influence of technology on modern society

B、the importance of learning scientific principles

C、the impact of scientific progress on civilization

D、the difference between science and technology

Passage Four

Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on out interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances. Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily problems. People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support helps people fight off illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.

Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives, and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumental support – financial aid, material resources, and needed services – that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.

1、We learn from the passage that interpersonal relationships are important because _________.

A、they are essential to people’s social well-being.

B、they arouse people's desire for communication

C、they deal with problems in the information era

D、they are effective in curing a range of diseases

2、Research shows that people's physical and mental health _________.

A、is related to stressful conditions

B、is related to support from others

C、relies on social welfare systems

D、relies on the severity of diseases

3、The underlined word "cushions" (paragraph 2) most probably means _________.

A、adds up to

B、does away with

C、lessens the effect of

D、lays the foundation for

4、Social companionship is beneficial in that _________.

A、it enables people to eliminate their mistakes

B、it helps people to understand their problems

C、it adds a new meaning to people's social life

D、it creates a new focus of attention for people

5、Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of _________.

A、instrumental support

B、informational support

C、social companionship

D、increasing self-respect

Passage Five

The question of whether dogs have a sense of humor is often fiercely argued. My own opinion is that some have and some haven’t. Dachshunds have, but not St Bernards or Great Danes. Apparently a dog has to be small to be fond of joke. Y ou never find a Great Dane trying to be a comedian.

But it is fatal to let any dog know that he is funny, for he immediately loses his head and starts overdoing it. As an example of this I would point to Rudolph, a dachshund I once owned, whose slogan was “Anything for a Laugh”. Dachshunds are always the worst offenders in this respect because of their peculiar shape. It is only natural that when a dog finds that his mere appearance makes the viewing public laugh, he should imagine nature intended him to be a comedian.

I had a cottage at the time outside an English village, not far from a farm where they kept ducks, and one day the farmer called on me to say his ducks were disappearing and suspicion had fallen on my Rudolph. Why? I asked, and he said because mine was the only dog in the neighborhood except his own Towser and Towser had been so carefully trained that he would not touch a duck even if you brought it to him with orange sauce over it.

I was very annoyed. I said he only had to gaze into Rudolph’s truthful brown eyes to see how baseless were his suspicions. Had he not, I asked, heard of foxes? How much more likely that a fox was the Bad Guy in the story. He was beginning to look doubtful and seemed about to make an apology, when Rudolph, who had been listening with interest and at a certain point had left the room, came trotting (小跑) in with a duck in his mouth.

Y es, dachshunds overplay their sense of humour, and I suppose other dogs have their faults, but they seem unimportant compared with their virtues.

1、In the author’s opinion, that dogs have a sense of humour ________.

A、is still under considerable debate

B、is an undeniable fact known to all

C、depends on what kind of dog they are

D、depends on how many jokes they have

2、It can be inferred from the first paragraph that a Great Dane is ________.

A、a funny dog

B、a fierce dog

C、a small-sized dog

D、a large-sized dog

3、When a dachshund knows that he looks funny, he ________.

A、becomes so excited as to perform too fully

B、shakes his head right away and refuses to work

C、raises his head very high to show his superiority

D、thinks carefully at once and begins to work hard

4、When the farmer blamed Rudolph for the disappearing of his ducks, Rudolph’s owner

thought that ________.

A、Rudolph was a well-trained dog

B、Rudolph was wronged by his neighbor

C、Towser was the worst offender in the world

D、Towser was the only dog tamed in the village

5、The purpose of the story is to prove that ________.

A、Rudolph is a truthful dog

B、Rudolph is a dangerous dog

C、Rudolph is a suspicious dog

D、Rudolph is a humorous dog

Passage Six

Storytelling is one of the few human features that are truly universal across culture and through all of known history. Anthropologists find evidence of folktales everywhere in ancient cultures, written in Sanskrit, Latin, Greek, Chinese, Egyptian and Sumerian. People in societies from oral storytellers in hunter-gatherer tribes to the millions of writers bringing out books, television shows and movies. And when a characteristic behavior shows up in so many different societies, researchers pay attention: its roots may tell us something about our evolutionary past.

To study storytelling, scientists must first define what constitutes a story, and that can prove tricky. Because there are so many diverse forms, scholars often define story structure, known as narrative, by explaining what is it not. Exposition contrasts with narrative by being a simple, straightforward explanation, such as a list of facts or an encyclopedia entry. Another standard approach defines narrative as a series of causally linked events that unfold over time. A third definition draws on the typical narrative’s subject matter: the interactions of intentional agents —characters with minds —who possess various motivations.

However narrative is defined, people know it when they feel it. Whether fiction or nonfiction, a narrative engages its audience through psychological realism —recognizable emotions and believable interactions among characters.

“Everyone has a natural detector for psychological realism,” says Raymond A. Mar, assistant professor of psychology at Y ork University in Toronto. “We can tell when something rings false.”But the best stories —those retold thorough generations and translated into other languages —do more than simply present a believable picture. These tales attract their audience, whose emotions can be closely tied to those of the story’s characters. Such immersion (沉浸) is a state psychologists call “narrative transport”. Researchers have only begun figuring out the relations among the variables that can initiate narrative transport.

1、The passage indicates that storytelling ________.

A、is becoming less and less popular in modern societies

B、attracts researchers’ attention all through human history

C、is the best way to show the evolutionary past of human beings

D、is a common cultural phenomenon all through the known history

2、The phrase “a characteristic behavior” in Para.1 refers to ________.

A、telling stories

B、studying folktales

C、writing books

D、producing movies

3、Exposition is characterized by ________.

A、believable pictures

B、diverse subject matters

C、a simple and direct explanation

D、a number of causally linked events

4、How many approaches are mentioned to define a narrative?

A、One.

B、Two.

C、Three.

D、Four.

5、the best stories attract their audience because they ________.

A、present a believable picture

B、express the audience’s emotions

C、are translated into other languages

D、are retold from generation to generation

Passage Seven

In recent years many companies of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the worker’s life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, variety is not an important factor.

Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machines which must be used in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it. Another important consideration is how much each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is the degree of workers’ contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about.

To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.

1、The passage is mainly about how to ____.

A、promote workers’ competition

B、meet worker’s need for variety

C、ensure workers’ right of choice

D、improve workers’ pe rformance

2、According to the writer, variety enables a worker to _____.

A、derive more enjoyment from life

B、work in his own way more freely

C、fulfill his job requirements better

D、undertake greater responsibilities

3、We learn from the passage that freedom of choice _____.

A、can hardly function in a flexible manner

B、can hardly lead to increased productivity

C、is hardly seen as effective by companies

D、is hardly available in the modern factory

4、It can be inferred from the passage that, compared with large production lines, smaller ones

give workers ____.

A、a greater variety of interesting tasks

B、a stronger sense of accomplishment

C、a better idea of the modern industry

D、a clearer picture of essential factors

5、According to the writer, higher pay can _____.

A、make tiring work more interesting

B、make up for longer working hours

C、help workers to live more happily

D、help to create greater productivity

四、Word Form

1、There is hardly any effective __________ (solve) to the problem of overpopulation.

2、Fat people who want to look slimmer than they are usually __________ (wear) dark clothes.

3、Eating carefully and taking regular exercise is a fairly __________ (rely) method of losing weight.

4、Only a __________ (minor) of citizens approve of the new traffic regulations.

5、The banks have committed themselves to __________ (raise) profits by reducing costs.

6、It is __________ (desire) that you should learn more computer skills.

7、The market survey will __________ (able) the supplier to produce according to customers’demands.

8、If you are __________ (satisfy) with this product, please return it.

9、The teachers in our school are always kind and __________ (consider).

10、Her parents have __________ (mix) feeling about her decision to study abroad.

11、It was ________ (care) of her to leave her purse lying on the desk.

12、The ________ (frighten) child gripped his mother’s hands tightly.

13、It might be possible to convert ________ (explode) energy into heat.

14、Tom shouted at his wife, “Y ou ________ (find) fault with me.”

15、Jack has exerted all his ________ (strong) to attain his goal.

16、The surface of the earth ________ (cover) by masses of land and larger areas of water.

17、Tom was the only one of the lookers-on who ________ (be) willing to help.

18、Unless there’s a storm, we shall set off on our journey tomorrow as ________ (plan).

19、The young man was so tired that he fell ________ (sleep) the moment his head touched the pillow.

20、I would rather he ________ (paint) the wall white next time.

21、This was one of the most __________(fruit) debates of the conference.

22、None of the applicants has any __________(profession) job experience.

23、Most computer users have never received any formal training; __________(consequence), their skill are limited.

24、Our new office building is __________(infinite) better than the old one.

25、Their aim was to __________(modern) the health service, and they succeeded.

26、She felt very __________(weaken) after long illness.

27、When the play started, the children __________(tell) to sit down quietly.

28、We should take a __________(globe) view of our business.

29、It took her only five minutes to work out a __________(solve) to the difficult problem.

30、the doctor advised him to eat a great __________(various) of food.

五、T ranslate from Chinese to English

1、电脑能帮助解决科学研究中的许多问题。

2、好书的产生是努力工作的结果。

3、问题在于她是否能自己克服这些困难。

4、每个听到那条消息的人都兴奋得跳了起来。

5、只要你不灰心，就一定会成功的。

6、自信心有助于孩子的成长。

7、时间是时间最容易浪费的东西。

8、经理所说的与我们会上讨论的问题毫不相干。

9、我本该多给你些帮助，只是太忙了。

10、那位工程师是怎么解决那道难题的仍是个谜。

11、这位老人感到很难适应城市生活。

12、越来越多的人开始使用太阳能，以便节省煤、油、电等资源。

13、从午饭的时候她就在等他，现在还在等。

14、如果昨晚医生来得早一点，他今天就不会发高烧了。

15、最好你现在就动身，否则赶不上公共汽车了。

六、T ranslate from English to Chinese

1、Our likes and dislikes, tastes and preferences that underlie our choices of such activities as reading books, going to the cinema, camping, or certain cultural pursuits, are all related to social contexts and learning experiences. We acquire interests in a variety of things and subjects from our families, schools, jobs ,and the mass media. Basically, such attitudes amount to a recognition that leisure is an important area of life and a belief that leisure can and should be put to good use.

2、Self-esteem is a kind of energy, and when it is high, people feel like they can handle anything. It is what one feels when special things are happening or everything is going great. A word of praise, a smile, a good grade on a report card, or doing something that creates pride within oneself can create this energy. When feelings about the self have been threatened and self-esteem is low, everything becomes more of an effort. It is difficult to hear, see, or think clearly, and others seem rude, inconsiderate, and rough. The problem is not with others, it is with the self, but often it is not until energies are back to normal that the real problem is recognized.

3、As with anything carried to excess, daydreaming can be harmful. There are always those who would substitute fantasy lives for the rewards of real activity. But such extremes are relatively race, and there is a growing body of evidence to support the fact that most people suffer from a lack of daydreaming rather than an excess of it. We are now beginning to learn how valuable it really is and that when individuals are completely prevented form daydreaming, their emotional balance can be disturbed. Not only are they less able to deal with the pressures of day-to-day existence, but also their self-control and self-direction become endangered.

4月自考英语二试题及答案知识讲解

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Exercises for the above words: 1). The machine is simple_____ in operation but complex in structure. 2). Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in the original is beyond our capacity while __simplified__ edition is quite easy. 3). There is no point in arguing about it, becau se it is __simply_____ a question of procedure. 4). The _simplification_____ of working process freed the workers fro heavy labor. Answers: simple; simplified; simply; simplification 5. tendency: n 趋势、倾向；tend : v 倾向于…，tend to do sth e.g. old people have the tendency of getting fatter. Or old people tend to get fatter. 6. managerial: a 经理的、经营上的； 由此我们可以联想到：manage: v管理、经营；management: n; manager: n 经营者，管理者；manageable: a 可管理的、可经营的。 7. argue: v 争辩、争论，常用固定搭配：argu with sb about/over sth由于某事而同某人争论；argue sb into doing sth说服某人做某事；argue sb out of doing sth说服某人不

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literate liberal 12. verse n. 诗；韵文 13. animated adj. 栩栩如生的；（似）能活动的 14. inclination n. 倾向；意愿 incline inclined 15. sweaty adj. 满是汗的；汗津津的 16. palm n. 手掌；手心 17. vary v. 相异；不同 18. convey v. 表达，传递（思想、感情等） 19. polish v. 修改；润饰；润色 20. intellect n. （尤稻高等的）智力，思维逻辑领悟力 21. personality n. 性格；个性；人格 22. sequence n. 顺序；次序 23. reverse v. 颠倒；彻底转变；使完全相反 24. veil v. 掩饰；掩盖 unveil 揭露，揭开 25. intellectual adj. 智力的；脑力的；理智的 26. familiarity n. 熟悉；通晓 familiar familiarize

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英语二内容串讲 阅读三重境界 ＊彻底糊涂：细节 ＊彻底明白：细节+主旨 ＊似懂非懂：翻译 阅读四项能力 词能、句能、篇能、考能 词能第一 一、五个猜词绝招 1.利用上下文确定词义 例1：He is successful as a businessman because of his dynamic personality. He seems to have unlimited energy. 例2：Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society. 例3：A first year college or university student is commonly a 'freshman', and 'sophomore', 'junior' and 'senior' designate the second—third—and fourth—year student. 例4：The tired soldiers trudged through knee deep mud for hours before they found a dry place to sleep. 2.利用构词法确定词义 例1：Many cancers have been arrested with the use of chemotherapy. 例2：They overestimate the interviewee's ability and asked too many difficult questions. 例3：The murderer had developed a poison which could not be tasted or smelled when mixed with food. Because it was imperceptible, he was able to murder a number of people without being caught. 3.利用语法知识确定词义 例1：For their fishing and hunting the men used a kayak, a small boat for one person. 例2：A solar eclipse—when the moon passes between the Earth and the sun—in an unusual and interesting phenomenon that occurs rarely. 例3：Ventilation, as we know, is a system or means of providing fresh air. It plays a very important part in the field of engineering. 例4：The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope, an instrument for listening to a patient's heartbeat and breathing. 4.根据同义、反义关系确定词义 表示反义的信号词：in contrast, on the other hand, rather than, however, yet, although, while, unlike, but, whereas, as opposed to…… 例1：My sister Mane is an optimist, while her boyfriend is one who is always gloomy and expects the worst to happen. 例2：Sally liked to concoct all sorts of stories, but her mother always knew when she was lying. 例3：A gorilla always makes me think of the word aloof—not friendly, of distance from others. 5. 利用逻辑推理和常识确定词义 例1：Fishes live in water and have fins which help them to swim. Most fishes have slimy skins covered with scales, but in fishes such as eels the scales are very small and can hardly be seen. 例2：Not wanting to disturb the sleeping kitten, I gingerly lifted her from the box and put her on a blanket near the heater. 二、词的构成：常见的前缀和后缀

自考本科英语二复习资料

自考“英语（二）”复习资料 第一单元 1.常考单词： goal，objective，accomplish，predict，accompany，implement，tendency，achievement，argue，budget，define，entity 2. 常考词组： in the way，in part，point of view，contribute to，to apply for，in hand，to turn down 3. 常考句子： 1）A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action that are available. 2）Often managers must make a best guess at what the future will be and try to leave as little as possible to chance. 3）If there is no choice，there is no decision to be made. 4）For managers every decision has constraints based on politics，procedures，laws，precedents and the like. 5）For example，managers sometimes treat problems in an either/or fashion. 6）Decision makers must have some way of determining which of several alternatives is best - that is，which contributes the most to the achievement of organizational goals. 7）In the larger scheme of things，however，increased funding for research to improve the products might be more beneficial to the organization. 8）Some of these objectives are more important than others，but the order and degree of importance often vary form person to person and from department to department. 第二单元 1.常考单词： escape，explode，collapse，shrink，gravity，measurement，basis，launch，convincing，companion，speculation，swallow，operate，to make use of，a great many，above all 2. 常考句子： 1）Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole is a region of space into which matter has fallen and from which nothing can escape. 2）The theory is that some stars explode when their density increases to a particular point. 3）Some people think that the Start of Bethlehem could have been a supernova. 4）If a man fell into a black hole，he would think that he reached the center of it very quickly. 5）It is only recently that astronomers have begun specific research into black holes. 6）On the other hand，scientists have suggested that every advanced technology could one day make use of the energy of black holes for mankind. 第三单元 1.常考单词： weaken deteriorate debate legal request criterion ensure oppose tradition consideration disabled burden vulnerable prohibition sensitive 2. 常考词组： to debate on to make request for be opposed to to take … into account 3. 常考句子： 1）Affected with a serious disease，van Wendal was no longer able to speak clearly and he knew there was no hope of recovery and that his condition was rapidly deteriorating. 2）Van Wendel's last three months of life before being given a final，lethal injection by his doctor were filmed and first shown on television last year in the Netherlands. 3）The programme has since been bought by 20 countries and each time it is shown，it starts a nationwide debate on the subject. 4）What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying people haven't the right. 第四单元 1.常考单词： demestic statistics diplomat exploit campaign execute convict despite de serving shelf minimum status deport 2. 常考句子： 1）There are estimated to be more than 20，000 overseas domestic servants working in Britain. 2）Of these 20，000，just under 2，000 are being exploited and abused by their employers. 3）The sad condition of women working as domestics around the world received much media attention earlier this year in several highly publicized cases. 4）A Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted of murder，despite protests form various quarters that her guilt had not been adequately established. 5）She used to work for a very low wage at a tea factory in Sri Lanka. 6）Because she found it difficult to feed her four children，she accepted a job working as a domestic in London. 7）So if they do complain，they risk being deported. 第五单元 1.常考单词： Musician，rhythmic，distinct， consciousness，originate，readily， instrument，electronic，thereby， passive，participant 2. 常考词组： to take place to take over to take on in a sense at a stretch to serve as in advance for the sake of 3. 常考句子： 1）The new music was built out of materials already in existence. 2）Folk music，old and modern， was popular among college students. 3）They freely took over elements form jazz，from American country music. 4）With records at home， listeners imitated these lighting effects as best they could. 第六单元 1.常考单词： efficiency increasingly inst all personnel expose reduc tion completion specific s witch critical intensity s cale defective 2. 常考词组： in that in question plenty of 3. 常考句子： 1）Most of today's robots are employed in the automotive industry，where they are programmed to take over such jobs as welding and spray painting automobile and truck bodies. 2）Robots，already taking over human tasks in the automotive field are beginning to be seen，although