英语考试
视听说教程第二册第六单元测试
试卷编号：b2-ls-u6-lf
Part 1 Short dialogs and multiple choice questions
1. A. The man thinks negatively about them while the woman is positive about them.
B. The woman thinks negatively about them while the man is positive about them.
C. Both the man and woman think they play a positive role.
D. Both the man and woman think they play a negative role.
2. A. They are really too short.
B. They are really too long.
C. They will look well if one wears suitable shoes.
D. They will look well if the tailor shortens them a bit.
3. A. He has little sense of style. B. He is good at choosing a tie that matches his shirt.
C. He likes polka dots.
D. He favors stripes.
4. A. She cleaned the man's shoes. B. She discarded the man's shoes.
C. She bought the man a new pair of shoes.
D. She helped the man look for his sneakers.
5. A. He was a late starter on his career path.
B. Early success brings lifelong happiness.
C. Often there is a high price to pay for success.
D. A high salary is the key to satisfaction.
Part 2 Short passages and multiple choice questions
6. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of fashion?
A. English.
B. Mathematics.
C. Clothes.
D. Computer program writing.
7. According to the passage, when will a fashion trend start?
A. When most people begin to like something new.
B. When important people begin to wear something new or different.
C. When something different is introduced from abroad.
D. When something in the past attracts the public attention.
8. What is the main feature of fashion?
A. Satisfying the young.
B. Overlooking the old.
C. Beauty.
D. Change.
9. Why are some people against fashion?
A. Because they don't like spending money on clothes.
B. Because they don't like change.
C. Because they enjoy variety.
D. Because it causes waste.
10. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. The social and economic role of fashion.
B. The definition and evolution of fashion.
C. The functions and characteristics of fashion.
D. The constant changes of fashion.
Part 3 Long dialogs and multiple choice questions
11. What does the woman suggest?
A. Buying the man a suit for work.
B. Buying the man a suit for travel.
C. Buying herself a suit for work.
D. Buying herself a suit for modeling.
12. What does the woman think about the suit the man is wearing?
A. It looks handsome.
B. It looks outdated.
C. It should be cleaned.
D. It should be ironed.
13. Why doesn't the man like the jacket the woman recommends?
A. Because it is single-breasted (单排扣的).
B. Because it is double-breasted (双排扣的).
C. Because it is brown.
D. Because it looks out of style.
14. What kind of trousers does the man dislike?
A. Dark blue trousers.
B. Short trousers.
C. Black trousers.
D. Brown trousers.
15. What does the woman think about the black trousers?
A. They are too long.
B. They are too short.
C. They can be shortened if they are too long.
D. They should be longer.
Part 4 V ocabulary and Structure
16. Once dressed, the models ________ in order by the door.
A. queued line
B. queued over
C. queued up
D. queued down
17. T he models __________ photographers, turned, and walked back.
A. posed to
B. posed for
C. positioned to
D. positioned through
18. Mom, everything I have is _________.
A. out of date
B. out of the date
C. out of dates
D. out of the dates.
19. Everyone else will be wearing the latest Levis, and I will look stupid ____ the same old skirts.
A. wearing
B. to wear
C. to be wearing
D. having worn
20. Maybe I could get a part-time job to help _______ the new clothes.
A. pay
B. pay with
C. pay to
D. pay for
21. T his will give you the fashion model _______ height.
A. kind
B. kind of
C. the kind of
D. a kind of
22. T he middle-aged woman is ________. That style went out last year.
A. after the times
B. after time
C. behind the times
D. behind time
23. Oh, come on. Don't laugh at the old woman for her dress as long as it looks good _____ her.
A. in
B. with
C. over
D. on
24. Y ou're right. I'm out of style. ______?
A. So what
B. What so
C. What then
D. Then what
25. It is in those sewing rooms that fashionable clothes are copied and made up _______.
A. with a large number
B. with large numbers
C. in large numbers
D. in a large quantity
Part 5 Short dialogs and blank filling
Chris: Tina? What are you wearing?
Tina: I'm 26. an outfit for a job interview. What do you think?
Chris: You're wearing 27. ! I've never seen you 28. and a blouse before!
Tina: I know. These nylons are really itchy. Maybe I should wear 29. , instead.
Chris: You'll be too hot. Maybe you should wear a long skirt or 30. . You'd look
good in 31. , too!
Tina: I can't wear a miniskirt 32. !
Chris: You'd 33. in a miniskirt than you would in that 34. !
Tina: You're such 35. !
听说第二册第七单元测试
试卷编号：b2-ls-u7-hjw
Part 1 Short dialogs and multiple choice questions
1. A. They are worthless people. B. They are not liking to spend money.
C. They make too much money.
D. They spend too much money.
2. A. She is going to travel. B. She is going to blow it all immediately.
C. She is going to save it for future use.
D. She is going to invest it in a project.
3. A. They depend mainly on bookstores to get rich.
B. They depend mainly on cheating.
C. They know the secret to getting rich.
D. They may not really know how to make a fortune.
4. A. T o spend it at Christmas. B. T o pay the tuition.
C. T o buy books.
D. T o pay for the accommodations.
5. A. The interest rates have been low. B. The interest rates would rise soon.
C. Her old computer did not work well.
D. The new computer was on sale.
6. A. When he borrows money from a friend. B. When he receives his salary.
C. Not until half a year later.
D. Not until a year later.
7. A. More than 30 pounds. B. Exactly 30 pounds.
C. Less than 30 pounds.
D. Less than 13 pounds.
8. A. Put all her money in the bank. B. Put her money in his hands.
C. Write down her decision to save.
D. Make a budget.
9. A. She will try her luck with a lottery ticket.
B. She is sure she is going to win.
C. She wants to share the money she wins with the man.
D. She wants to buy the ticket by herself.
10. A. She would try to become a famous star.
B. She would spend all of it on travel.
C. She would save all of it in a bank.
D. She would consider both saving and enjoyment.
Part 2 Short passages and multiple choice questions
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the same passage or dialog.
11. How much did the hotel charge them initially?
A. $13.
B. $27.
C. $29.
D. $30.
12. How much did the hotel overcharged them?
A. $1.
B. $2.
C. $5.
D. $9.
13. How did the bellboy (（旅馆的)男侍者) expect the guests to react after he pocketed $2?
A. The guests would be angry.
B. The guests would be happy enough to get a refund.
C. The guests would be slightly disappointed.
D. None of the above.
14. Which of the following calculations did the bellboy use to find that $1 was missing?
A. 30 - (27 + 2)
B. 29 - (27 + 1)
C. 5 - 3 - 1
D. 9 - 5 - 3
15. Which of the following calculations should the bellboy use to solve his puzzle?
A. 27 + 2 + 1 = 30
B. 30 - 5 = 27 - 2
C. 29 + 1 = 30
D. 30 - 1 = 29
Part 3 Long dialogs and multiple choice questions
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the same passage or dialog.
16. What is Robert doing?
A. He is buying a lottery ticket.
B. He is looking at his lottery ticket.
C. He is looking at Jane's lottery ticket.
D. He is asking Jane to look at the wining lottery ticket.
17. Why doesn't Jane know the final result?
A. They won't announce the result until tomorrow.
B. They haven't drawn the winning numbers yet.
C. The horse race has not started yet.
D. The horse race has not finished yet.
18. Why does Jane feel lucky with that particular ticket?
A. It does not include an unlucky number like 13.
B. It does not include an odd number like 7.
C. It has her complete birth date in it.
D. It has her birthday in it.
19. What does Robert think about a Ferrari car?
A. It can be very expensive.
B. It runs fast.
C. It looks beautiful.
D. It is a safe car.
20. What does Jane think about the car?
A. It is cheap and of bad quality.
B. It is inexpensive and of good quality.
C. It is expensive and will cost her all the money.
D. It is expensive but she can still save some money.
Part 4 Short dialogs and blank filling
Questions 21 to 30 are based on the same passage or dialog.
Thomas: Bill, can you 21. ?
Bill: 22. ?
Thomas: I can't 23. my family with my pay. They 24. too much.
Bill：I'm sorry，Thomas，I'm 25. . But Brown is a banker. If you 26. , he might be glad to help you. Thomas: I'll 27. trying to borrow money from that miser.
Bill: But Mrs. Brown is 28. and ready to help. And she is the 29. of a big company. Thomas: OK, I'll try 30. with her.
新视野视听说第二册第八单元测试
试卷编号：B2-LS-U8-LC
Part 1 Short dialogs and multiple choice questions
1. A. Warning the woman against walking at night. B. Offering to walk back with the woman.
C. Saying goodbye to the woman.
D. T elling the woman to be on guard.
2. A. He stole a mobile phone. B. He lost his purse.
C. He had his mobile phone stolen.
D. He is an annoying man.
3. A. She hopes to get back her laptop (笔记本电脑). B. She hopes to catch the thief.
C. She hopes Steve will get over his rage.
D. She hopes Steve will get some compensation.
4. A. None. B. One. C. T wo D. Three.
5. A. Her bike was locked by the police. B. Her bike was damaged.
C. Her bike and lock were stolen.
D. Her bike pump was stolen.
Part 2 Short dialogs and blank filling
W: What do you think about your life here 6.____________ ?
M: Well, it's not too bad. I spend 7._______________ my time in an 8x10 cell(囚室), and you spend most of your time in a 6x8 8.___________________ .
W: That's a funny way of looking at 9. _______________________.
M: Here I get 10. _________________ a day. There in the office you 11.________________ for one meal and you have to pay for it.
W: Y ou're getting more interesting.
M: In prison I can watch TV and 12.___________________ . At work you 13. _______________ for watching TV and playing games.
W: Go on. I'm 14. _______________.
M: Here in prison they 15. ________________ my family and friends to visit. In the office you can't even speak to your family and friends 16.__________________ . Now would you like to 17. _____________ with me?
W: 18. ____________________- what you've said, I'm afraid I wouldn't.
Part 3 Short passages and multiple choice questions
19. What was Clive doing?
A. He was going out.
B. He was coming home.
C. He was presenting a report at a meeting.
D. He was sleeping.
20. What did the police officer see at the crime scene?
A. A young businessman lay in a pool of blood.
B. Clive's key was in the lock of the door.
C. Clive was dead.
D. All of the above.
21. What did the taxi driver NOT say?
A. He was just one block away from the scene.
B. He heard a loud noise.
C. He had the car window down.
D. He saw a parcel delivery truck nearby.
22. What did the delivery man say?
A. He guessed someone must have waited outside for Clive to come out.
B. He guessed someone must have followed Clive home.
C. He heard something like a car backfiring.
D. He saw the taxi driving fast away from the crime scene.
23. What strange thing did the delivery man say that caused the officer's suspicion?
A. He played the radio loud.
B. He did not hear anything.
C. He knew Clive was coming back home early in the morning.
D. He knew Clive was going to work early in the morning.
Part 4 Short passages and True/False questions
24. T he trial is concerned with a burglar case.
T F
25. T he judge announced the verdict (判决) himself.
T F
26. T he verdict found the defendant (被告) innocent.
T F
27. T he relatives of the defendant were delighted.
T F
28. T he defendant was innocent in reality.
T F
Part 5 Long dialogs and multiple choice questions
29. What is the dialog mainly about?
A. The man tells the woman about the mugging he experienced.
B. The woman tells the man about the mugging she experienced.
C. The woman tells the man about the mugging her friend experienced.
D. The woman advises the man not to commit mugging.
30. What did the woman lose in the mugging?
A. Her trust in men and week's pay.
B. MasterCard, V isa card and six ty-six dollars.
C. Her ID, V isa card and sixty dollars.
D. Her sense of humor and fear of the dark.
31. When was the woman robbed?
A. Just before dawn in a dark alley.
B. At sunset on the sunny side of the street.
C. In broad daylight in a parking lot.
D. In the park during the day.
32. What can we learn from the woman's description of the mugger?
A. He is about 170cms tall and unusually fat.
B. He is a teenager with pale-blue eyes.
C. He is a tall, strong young man.
D. He is short, with brown eyes.
33. What does Jackie hope will happen to the mugger?
A. He spends the remaining years of his life in prison.
B. He reforms and becomes a useful citizen.
C. He apologizes to her next time they meet in the park.
D. He locks up his apartment at night.
Note: There is NO audio recording for the questions.
Part 6 V ocabulary and Structure
Directions:Choose the right answer.
34. I was walking home from work when this woman ______ me right ____ my feet.
A. knocked ... away
B. knocked ... off
C. hit ... away
D. struck ... of
35. I'll just take off my left shoe _________ I walk through the park.
A. every time
B. every time when
C. in every time
D. in every time when
36. Many months had ______ and the border guard met the young man again.
A. gone off
B. gone away
C. gone by
D. gone through
37. T he border guard asked the young man, "Just ____________, what were you smuggling?"
A. between me and you
B. between you and me
C. to tell me
D. from you to me
38. Blake wiped his hands ______ his clean jeans before shaking hands.
A. in
B. at
C. on
D. through
视听说第二册第九单元测试
试卷编号：B2-LS-U9-LC
Part 1 Short dialogs and multiple choice questions
1. A. He lost is license. B. He was driving in the wrong direction.
C. He knocked down a woman.
D. He drove through a green light.
2. A. Drivers should follow the new law. B. Drivers should not forget the old rules.
C. Drivers will ignore the new law.
D. Drivers find the new law has saved a lot of lives.
3. A. They both think cyclists do not have to wear helmets.
B. They both think cyclists should wear helmets.
C. The man suggests wearing helmets while the woman thinks otherwise.
D. The woman suggests wearing helmets while the man thinks otherwise.
4. A. A tax i driver-a passenger. B. A driver-a friend.
C. A new driver-the trainer.
D. Mother-son.
5. A. They warned people against too much drinking.
B. They offered people more drinks than reasonable.
C. They welcomed the law that prohibited too much drinking.
D. They ignored the law that prohibited too much drinking.
Part 2 Short dialogs and blank filling
Directions:Listen to the following recording, then fill in the blanks with the missing words. Y ou will hear the recording twice. After the first playing, there will be time to write the missing words. Use the second playing to check your answers. Questions 6 to 13 are based on the same passage or dialog.
Jane: Peter, you shouldn't have 6.________________ the red light.
Peter: Sorry, but I'm tired. I want to get home 7._______________ early.
Jane: I told you not to drink so much. Y our breath 8.__________________ alcohol. We'll get into trouble if we 9._______________ a policeman. Slow down a bit.
Peter: I’m only 10.___________________ 50.[They see a dog in the middle of the road.] Jane: 11._____________________- ! There's a dog ahead!
Peter: Oh, no! That damned dog! I almost 12.____________________ .
Jane: Y ou almost hit the police car coming 13.______________________ !
Part 3 Short passages and multiple choice questions
14. What did the police officer find?
A. He found a crashed car and a dead body.
B. He found a crashed car and two dead bodies.
C. He found a crashed car and a monkey in it.
D. He found a crashed car with an injured man in it.
15. What happened when the officer was looking at the car?
A. The injured man called for help.
B. The injured woman called for help.
C. A monkey jumped out of the car.
D. A monkey came out of the woods.
16. How did the monkey motion the owners of the car had been drinking?
A. He pretended to turn up a can by his mouth.
B. He raised a can and poured the water out.
C. He drank some water.
D. He got some water from a can.
17. How did the monkey motion the owners of the car had been smoking?
A. He struck a match to light a cigarette.
B. He put a cigarette between his lips.
C. He put his fingers together and held them to his mouth.
D. He pretended to be smelling at something.
18. Who was driving the car at the time of the car crash?
A. The man.
B. The woman.
C. The monkey.
D. Nobody.
Part 4 Short passages and True/False questions
19. Present at the seminar are an engineer, a physician, and a mathematician.
T F
20. T he engineers tries to use a trash can to cover the fire.
T F
21. T he physicist is concerned with precision.
T F
22. T he mathematician is satisfied with an abstract solution.
T F
23. T he story says people of different professions may look at the same problem from different angles.
T F
Part 5 Long dialogs and multiple choice questions
Questions 24 to 28 are based on the same passage or dialog.
24. What happened to the man?
A. He had a major accident.
B. He had a small accident.
C. He drove back home without any problem.
D. He won a race.
25. What would happen to the driver if he talked on the cell phone while driving?
A. He would hit another car.
B. He would hit somebody walking across the street.
C. He would be accused by the police.
D. He would be put into prison.
26. What would the police charge the driver with?
A. Illegal driving.
B. Driving without concentration.
C. Drunk driving.
D. All of the above.
27. What encouraging words does the woman say?
A. The driver is not arrested.
B. The driver does not get a fine.
C. Nobody is hurt.
D. Nobody dies.
28. According to the dialog, what is the problem with drivers who have cell phones?
A. Their phones may beep a lot while there is a green light.
B. Their phones may beep a lot while the traffic is crowded.
C. They may not be aware of the fact that talking on the cell phone while driving is dangerous.
D. They want to talk more on the phone than usual.
Note: There is NO audio recording for the questions.
Part 6 V ocabulary and Structure
Directions:Choose the right answer.
29. Italian investigators are trying to discover what caused a small private plane to _________ a tall building Thursday.
A. crash into
B. crash with
C. clash into
D. clash with
30. The government said they had no evidence of a link to terrorism. ___________ official in Washington told the media that there was no information of a possible terrorist attack.
A. An intelligent
B. An intelligence
C. A data
D.A library
31. The chances of being injured in a car accident have risen to 1 in 75. I think that is worth ___________ seriously.
A. thought about
B. thought of
C. thinking out
D. thinking about
32. From now on I will _____ my seatbelt.
A. hook up
B. hook with
C. fasten with
D. tie up
33. T he smartest man in the world ________ his feet and seized a parachute.
A. jumped
B. jumped from
C. jumped with
D. jumped to
视听说第二册第十单元测试
试卷编号：B2-LS-U10-LC
Part 1 Short dialogs and multiple choice questions
1. A. It deserves to live. B. It should be killed immediately.
C. It is a harmful insect.
D. It is a black insect.
2. A. He has accepted a promotion. B. He has got a raise.
C. He is afraid of flying.
D. He is afraid of the woman.
3. A. She is concerned with the future rather than the present.
B. She is concerned with the present rather than the future.
C. She is afraid of the past.
D. She is afraid of the future.
4. A. She had nightmares almost every day. B. She welcomed her parents' visits.
C. She slept with her parents when she was happy.
D. She slept with her parents when she was afraid.
5. A. She saw a ghost. B. She is writing on a white sheet.
C. She was frightened by a big spider.
D. She was frightened by a small spider.
Part 2 Short dialogs and blank filling
T ony: Nancy and Laura, just the 6.____________ I was looking for.
Laura: Well, Sherlock Holmes, you've just found us. 7.______________ ?
T ony: T he Outdoor Club is going 8.____________________ this weekend. 9.__________ join us for an adventure?
Nancy: Gee, I'd like to go, T ony, but if 10. __________________, I wouldn't be able to 11._____________ my biology assignment, and it's 12._________________ on Monday. Laura: I could be interested, but will there be 13. ____________________? I hate snakes. T hey leave me 14.___________________ .
T ony: Probably not, Laura, we’ll be 15. _________________, and snakes don't much 16. ________________ the cold. But there are different kinds of snakes. 17._____________ like rattlers (响尾蛇), and friendly ones 18._____________________ garter snakes(乌蛇，乌梢蛇). You can't be afraid of the friendly snakes, 19.____________________-- ?
Laura: Well, if we encounter any snakes, friendly 20.________________- , you'll see 21.________________ I can 22. _____________.
Part 3 Short passages and multiple choice questions
Questions 23 to 27 are based on the same passage or dialog.
23. Which of the following is true according to the speaker?
A. No one loves flying.
B. Only birds love flying.
C. Not everyone likes to fly.
D. Most people know how to deal with fear of flying.
24. According to the speaker, if one and his neighbor both fear flying, what can they do to lessen their fears?
A. T alk about one's courage in flying.
B. Share their fears with each other.
C. Break the ice with a firm handshake.
D. Walk across the aisle to talk to them
25. What is the advantage of bringing an MP3 player with you when flying?
A. It can create a small world of your own.
B. It can decrease the noise from the engine.
C. You can concentrate on the music you like.
D. All of the above.
26. What does the speaker finally suggest?
A. Do something difficult to forget the fear.
B. Do something interesting to forget the fear.
C. Try to forget the height.
D. Try to remember the height.
27. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. The Importance of Overcoming Fear of Flying.
B. T ypes of People Who Fear Flying.
C. Ways to Lessen Y our Fear of Flying.
D. The Relationship between Fear and T ypes of Passengers.
Part 4 Short passages and True/False questions
Questions 28 to 32 are based on the same passage or dialog.
28. T o reduce one's fear, one had better avoid drinking alcoholic beverages.
T F
29. Young children may find a flight ex perience exciting.
T F
30. If you observe young children's behavior, you may get more nervous.
T F
31. Even if you are not afraid of the height, you had better not sit by the window.
T F
32. T hink about the numerous safe flights that take place every day, and you will feel better.
T F
Part 5 Long dialogs and multiple choice questions
33. Where did the woman go?
A. She went to see a movie.
B. She went to see a concert.
C. She went to treat a patient.
D. She went to see a psychiatrist.
34. Which method did the woman try before?
A. Medicine.
B. Physical exercise.
C. More contact with spiders.
D. All of the above.
35. According to the woman, what will she do at the sight of a spider?
A. She will run as fast as she can.
B. She will stand there, unable to move.
C. She will step on it and kill it.
D. She will call for help.
36. How did the woman become afraid of spiders?
A. She killed a spider by accident.
B. She was bitten by a spider.
C. She saw a horror film about spiders when she was a child.
D. She saw a spider eating a mosquito.
37. What did the woman feel about spiders when she grew up?
A. She became less afraid of spiders.
B. She became even more afraid of spiders.
C. Her fear for spiders remained the same.
D. She started to like spiders.
Part 6 V ocabulary and Structure
38. Mary, some of us in the Outdoor Club are going _____________ this weekend. Want to join us?
A. camp
B. to camping
C. camping
D. under camp
39. I won't go with you to the mountain top. I'm scared _____________ of heights.
A. stiffly
B. stiff
C. stick
D. sticky
40. I know you're afraid of heights. But come anyway. Y ou can _____________ the climbing.
A. skip
B. skip over
C. skip by
D. skip across
41. If I just stay in the camp and cook for you, it doesn't _____________ like much fun.
A. hear
B. listen
C. listen to
D. sound
42. The burglar must have heard me, and he rushed out of the window _____________ he came in.
A. the way
B. in the way
C. through the way
D. by the way
读写教程第二册第八单元测试
试卷编号：b2-r-u8-lf1
Part 1 Understanding Long Conversations
1.A. How to become a professor. B. what to study in the future.
C. When best to talk to her parents.
D. Why she should study science.
2. A. History. B. Science. C. Germany. D. Parenthood.
3. A. What will be most important for her. B. What will help her go to Germany.
C. What will contribute the most to history.
D. What will give her a better chance to find work.
4. A. History is of equal importance. B. Job market is changing constantly.
C. Interest should be the decisive factor.
D. Science is of greater importance.
5. A. It is useful in getting a job. B. It is helpful in making a decision.
C. It is convincing to persuade her parents.
D. It is supportive to her studies.
Part 2 Understanding Passages
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the same passage or dialog.
6. A. Y our class work. B. Your job. C. Your values. D. Y our career.
7. A. Office work. B. T eacher. C. Engineering. D. T echnical drawing.
8. A. Office work. B. T eacher. C. Engineering. D. T echnical drawing.
9. A. T yping. B. Memorizing. C. Setting values D. Learning.
10. A. College. B. T echnical school. C. Home by yourself. D. Job.
Part 3 V ocabulary and Structure
Directions:Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.
11. A ______ of territory had always been a wish of the ruler of that country.
A. introduction
B. expansion
C. intention
D. expectation
12. T he _______ of the film star really disappointed her fans.
A. precious
B. absence
C. present
D. absent
13. Y ou have to _______ all mistakes from the essay before you hand it in.
A. judge
B. display
C. reveal
D. eliminate
14. T he middle-aged woman worried about her _______ future with no money and no family.
A. gloomy
B. bright
C. splendid
D. fearful
15. A _______ of robbers broke into the bank and took away all the money.
A. gather
B. school
C. rank
D. gang
16. I asked her the question as soon as I saw her, but she only gave me a(n) ______ answer instead of a definite one.
A. direct
B. implicit
C. clear
D. infinite
17. In some markets there may be only one seller. _____________ is to be avoided.
A. Situation as this
B. Such a situation
C. Such a situation of this kind
D. A situation of this
18. At first, the speaker was referring to the problem of pollution in the country, but halfway in her speech, she suddenly _____________ to another subject.
A. committed
B. changed
C. favored
D. transferred
19. A healthy life is frequently thought to be _____________ with the open countryside and home-grown food.
A. tied
B. bound
C. involved
D. associated
20. He was _____________ entry to the theatre for not being properly dressed.
A. denied
B. rejected
C. given
D. required
Part 4 Reading Comprehension (Multiple Choice)
Sylvester and I are watching television advertisements because we need information for a class research project. We have to discuss realism and dreams in television advertising, and so we are looking for examples of things that are not true in television advertisements. The question we are asking is, "Is the advertisement true to life, or does it offer an unreal picture of th e product?" Sylvester is keeping track of the lies, and he already has quite a long list. He says that all housewives seem to live in lovely homes, dress beautifully, and love their household chores. They smile and boast about floor cleaners and proudly display their dirty clothes, dirty tabletops, and dirty children. In addition, he has never seen men doing housework. Sylvester thinks that this view of family life is filled with things that are not true.
I am keeping track of the people who appear in the advertisements. I have found handsome men chasing after beautiful women, and they are always recommending brand X toothpaste or brand Y cologne (科隆香水). I see teenagers and children with their friends, having wonderful time at parties and at school, and they are usually enjoying large, happy family gatherings. I think that these advertisements are also filled with things that aren't true.
Sylvester and I have discovered that much of American life is pictured unrealistically on television. T eenagers do not always have fun at parties, and very few people love doing chores. People do have problems but few of these are ever shown in advertisements. Instead, we watch Cinderella discover a miracle floor cleaner, finish the kitchen chores, and waltz off to the ball. Our heads are filled with these dreams, and they also suggest that, for any problem, brand Z will provide the instant cure. Sylvester and I will have very few facts and a lot of dreams to write about in our research reports.
21. Why are the speaker and Sylvester watching television?
A. They are looking for good products.
B. They are trying to be like TV people.
C. They are interested in advertising.
D. They are doing a school project.
22. What are they trying to find out about TV advertisements?
A. Whether they tell the truth about life.
B. Whether they have both men and women.
C. Whether they show a good way to live.
D. Whether they are fair to women and men.
23. What does the author think about how teenagers are shown?
A. It is incomplete.
B. It is unrealistic.
C. It is true to life.
D. It is too boring.
24. Sylvester and the author have come to the conclusion that television advertising __________________.
A. truly reflects American life
B. lack in much imagination
C. seldom shows problems
D. gives great fun to children
25. T he most suitable title for the passage is _____________________.
A. A Class Research Project on TV
B. American Life to Be Shown
C. Children Like to See Advertisements
D. Untrue things in TV Advertising
Part 5 Cloze (with Options)
What is the meaning of life? I am sitting alone in a corner in an unremarkable little house in the dark to26__.(rack crack distress focus)my brains for an answer. I am 27.___ (contented inferior satisfied depressed.) I have just 28.___ (missed lacked lost gained) my job and my husband has recently left me. I am 35 years old.
It is 29__.( ev ident noticeable recognizable visible) that the meaning of life is to do what you are told 30.__( after until when yet )you are about 25 years old and then to marry who you are told to marry. If you are 31.__( favorable successful fortunate convenient), there is a brief period of being in love before 32.__( neither nor both either) your relatives or your husband tells you that it is your 33.___( duty plan dream job) to get pregnant and have children. Y ou may have had a(n) 34.__ (encouraging promising amusing promoting) career with a good salary, but that is about to end. Y our children will 35.__ (challenge question demand render) constant attention and you will be 36.___( presented rendered left performed )a housewife. You will recognize that your youth has passed and begin to grow old. 37.
__(Understandably Actually Accordingly Appropriately), your husband will leave you for someone younger. My services as a wife are 38.___( no way no longer not so long as before long) required.
The whole question 39__. (puzzles questions doubts disorders) me for a moment. How did I get to this point? I am not 40.__( right exact specific certain) that I can say that I have ever made a major 41.__(conclusion definition determination decision) on my own. I start to get depressed, but then I am 42.___( struck occurred beaten knocked) by something quite curious: freedom. There is no one 43. __(to say to tell to talk to speak )me what to do. I am no longer 44. __(committed enclosed confined imprisoned )by the wisdom of my parents. I realize that my ambition had been to have a(n) 45.__( work trade business occupation) and freedom, not a husband and a stay-at-home lifestyle. T he infinite possibilities excite me.
读写教程第二册第八单元测试2
试卷编号：b2-r-u8-lf2
Part 1 Word Dictation
Part 2 Understanding Passages
6. A. Dignity and satisfaction. B. Dignity and priority. C. Freedom and priority. D. Satisfaction and freedom.
7. A. Dignity. B. Satisfaction. C. Freedom. D. Priority.
8. A. Big pay. B. Great freedom. C. Big enterprises. D. High satisfaction.
9. A. A deep sense of satisfaction. B. A deep sense of freedom.
C. A deep sense of priority.
D. A deep sense of dignity.
10. A. Having smaller responsibilities. B. Having bigger responsibilities.
C. Having immediate dignity.
D. Having immediate priority.
Part 3 V ocabulary and Structure
Directions:Choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.
11. Y ou can put on your jeans. It is just a(n) ______ party.
A. wonderful
B. incredible
C. formal
D. informal
12. I am not surprised at all that she chose the white skirt. She always has a _______ for white.
A. prefer
B. preferable
C. preference
D. preferred
13. This ex pert will _______ his remarks to e-business (电子商务) this time.
A. coordinate
B. render
C. confine
D. depict
14. Because he hates dishonesty he is _____________ on his children when they tell lies.
A. heavy
B. strong
C. hard
D. strict
15. Writing is a slow process, requiring _____________ thought, time, and effort.
A. reasonable
B. considerable
C. memorable
D. numerable
16. Students or teachers can participate in trips to lovely beaches around the island at regular ___________ .
A. gaps
B. rates
C. lengths
D. intervals
17. Y ou should have been more patient _____ that customer; I'm sure that selling him the watch was a possibility.
A. with
B. for
C. of
D. at
18. It isn't cold enough for there ___________ a frost tonight, so I can leave Jim's car out quite safely.
A. would be
B. being
C. was
D. to be
19. Civilization as we know it today is in _____________ danger.
A. consistent
B. constant
C. consistently
D. constantly
20. There is a forecast that the _______ for a good crop harvest will be rather poor this year.
A. prospect
B. protection
C. proportion
D. promise
Part 4 Skimming and Scanning (True/False+Blank Filling)
The Spelling of English
The spelling of English words is a problem that not even native-born users of the English language have ever been able to solve. Why should the same vowel (元音) sound be spelt differently in "siege" and in "seize"? Why should the same initial consonant (辅音) sound be spelt differently in "cat" and in "kitchen"? There are answers but the questions are not worth answering. One simply has to accept the reality that much of English spelling sometimes doesn't make much sense, is sometimes phonetic (语音的) (as in the purely phonetic spelling of the negative word "no"), and is sometimes the way it is because of history (as in "know", which sounds exactly the same as "no", but keeps an initial "k" which was lost from the spoken language hundreds of years ago).
Reform Attempts
Over the years, there have been some people who have wanted to make some changes in spelling. The American dictionary maker Noah Webster, in his first dictionary, gave up "silent letters" such as the "b" at the end of "thumb (拇指)", which he spelt phonetically as "thum". American readers were as cautious as the British. Modern Webster dictionaries spell the word "thumb", keeping the silent "b".
George Bernard Shaw left part of his large fortune to set up a phonetic alphabet for English. A team of language ex perts followed his wishes. But their book on the subject caused no enthusiasm.
Use of a Dictionary in Spelling
English spelling continued unchanged. Publishing houses employ what they call "copy editors", experts in spelling, to tidy up the material written by hand of many best-selling authors who can write excellent stories but who cannot spell!
My advice is: keep a dictionary nearby. Y ou do not lose face by using it. I can assure you that thousands of native English speakers would not write a page of their own language without a dictionary close at hand. Now that so many people are using computer programs that check spelling, dictionary searching is much easier. Perhaps one day the computer will do all the spelling for us but until then keep your dictionary nearby and use it all the time.
Doubling or Not?
Now for a useful spelling tip. It arose from a question I heard from a university graduate whose only language was native-born English.
Forgetting" but "budgeting"; "hoping" but "hopping"; "offering" and "buttering" but "transferring"; "targeted" but "omitted". Is there any way of deciding when and where not to double the final letter before the addition of "-ing" or "-ed"?
Here are a few rules. In words of one syllable (音节), if the vowel before the final consonant is long, no doubling of the final consonant is done before the addition of "-ing" or "-ed": hope, hoping, hoped; mate, mating, mated. If the vowel is short, then double the final consonant before the addition of "-ing" or "-ed': hop, hopping, hopped; mat, matting, matted.
In words of more than one syllable, if the vowel before the final consonant is long, follow the same "rule" as for words of one syllable, that is, no doubling of the final consonant before the addition of "-ing" or "-ed". For example: elope, eloping, eloped; emigrate, emigrating, emigrated. In a word of more than one syllable, if the vowel before the final consonant is short, doubling or non-doubling of the final consonant depends on where the stress (voice emphasis) falls in speech. (In the following examples the syllable that carries the stress is printed in CAPIT AL LETTERS). If the stress falls on the final syllable, then double the final consonant before the addition of "-ing" or "-ed": forGETTing, transFERRing, transFERRed. If the stress falls elsewhere, then do not double the final consonant before the addition of "-ing" or "-ed": BUDGeting, BUDGeted,
GARDening, GARDened, OFFering, OFFered.
This will solve most of the problem. But spelling is not an exact science. There are grey areas. For example, the one-syllable word "bus" can become "busing", "bussing", "bused", and "bussed" all available, while a "foreign" borrowing like the word "focus" results in the variants "focusing", "focussing", "focused", and "focussed" all being acceptable.
Spelling Differences Between British English and American English
The final letter "l" goes its own way and performs differently in American English and in British English-"travelling" in the UK, "traveling" in the USA. American Express issues "travelers" cheques in US dollars and "travellers" cheques in English pounds. If in doubt, reach for the dictionary. But the above-mentioned general rule is a good general guide.
There are some other principal differences in spelling between British English and American English. Some words end in -tre in British English and -ter in American English, such as "centre" and "theatre" and "center" and "theater". W ords like "colour" and "labour" end in -our in British English while in -or in American English. We need to pay attention to these differences in spelling.
21. The passage mainly describes the spelling differences between British English and American English.
A. Y
B. N
C. NG
22. "Know" and "no" have the same pronunciation but different spellings due to history.
A. Y
B. N
C. NG
23. Noah Webster felt very sorry about the failure of his efforts in changing the spelling of some words.
A. Y
B. N
C. NG
24. After some language experts failed in their attempts to change the English spelling, English spelling remained unchanged.
A. Y
B. N
C. NG
25. Native English speakers don't have to use a dictionary when they are writing.
A. Y
B. N
C. NG
26. If a verb of one syllable has a short vowel, we should double the final consonant before the addition of "-ing" or "-ed".
A. Y
B. N
C. NG
27. T hough spelling isn't an exact science, there are always clear rules that we can always trust.
A. Y
B. N
C. NG
28. The word "focus" has two acceptable -ing forms and -ed forms because it is .
29. If you are not sure of the spelling, you should turn to the .
30. The differences in spelling between American English and British English requires us to . Transcript: BCCAB
Is it better to be a small fish in a big pond or a big fish in a small pond?
Sometimes we see two ponds: one is small and the other is big. In the small pond the big fish seem to enjoy great dignity and priority, while in the big pond a lot of small fish swim freely. It is also true in the case of work. Job hunters may have to decide whether to be a big fish in a small pond or a small fish in a big pond.
There are distinct differences between working in large or small enterprises. In large enterprises, you can derive a deep sense of satisfaction from being a member of a well-known organization. You may get well paid, have better training and good working conditions. And you can get in touch with advanced management. In a small enterprise, however, you have bigger responsibilities that may bring immediate effect. Normally you are exposed to various experiences and are expected to do a great many things without much help or guidance.
Questions
1. What's the feeling of big fish in the small pond?
2. What's the feeling of small fish in the big pond?
3. What does big pond refer to?
4. What is the feeling of working in a large enterprise?
5. What is the feeling of working in a small enterprise?
读写第二册第十单元测试一
试卷编号：b2-r-u10-hjw1
Part 1 Word Dictation
Part 2 Compound Dictation
From 1939 to 1943, German cities were targeted and attacked. Three hundred thousand Germans are thought to have been killed as a result of the raids, and 6.____ were wounded. Berlin was 70%7._____ by bombing; Dresden 75% destroyed.But, were the wrong targets
8.____ ? The more America and Great Britain bombed German cities during these dates, the more
9.______ Germany produced in their factories.
In early 1944, targets such as rail heads, rail lines, and 10.__________ were attacked. Destroying such targets 11.________ crippled Germany. In 1945, Germany had mined much 12._________ but had no way of moving it from the mines to where it was needed. When the war ended, the Allies found several hundred King Tiger tanks at a Munich rail yard ready to be taken to the wa r front―but the Germans had no way of getting them there.
Did Bomber Command get a good return for 13.____________ ? There is no doubt that the deaths for Bomber Command were very high. On some bombing trips over Germany, 14. __________. The stress of flying a bomber was such that recent research has found that many of those who survived 15.__________ . Failed marriages and alcoholism were not unusual for former members of Bomber Command.
Part 3 V ocabulary and Structure
16. T he old man left home with his _______-looking hat that seemed as old as its owner.
A. funny
B. new
C. modern
D. ancient
17. His _______ deeds were almost unbelievable! I have never heard of someone as brave.
A. fearful
B. loving
C. heroic
D. shy
18. Students ________ to the hall for a lecture given by a famous professor.
A. blocked
B. flocked
C. staggered
D. drifted
19. Thousands of people, dead or seriously injured, were buried underneath the ______ of the city after the bombing.
A. wreckage
B. foundation
C. base
D. destruction
20. The queen's daughter felt a little unhappy about the rules that a(n) _______ member must obey.
A. loyal
B. royal
C. ordinary
D. luxury
21. Why are you getting so angry with her? She is a _______ child.
A. merely
B. more
C. just
D. mere
22. I only caught a ________ of the woman, so I couldn't remember what she looked like.
A. sight
B. glimpse
C. stare
D. look
23. The branches _________ when the wind gently blew.
A. swayed
B. shook
C. staggered
D. trembled
24. Looking down from the top of the hill, she felt slightly _______ and closed her eyes.
A. confused
B. dizzy
C. firm
D. steady
25. The train was just leaving as they _______ to catch it.
A. flamed
B. walked
C. dashed
D. blew
Part 4 Cloze (with Options)
Directions:Read the follow ing passage carefully and choose the best answer from the choices.
Questions 26 to 45 are based on the follow ing passage.
Should you feel disbelief, sadness, or anger when you first hear about the start of a war? I have all of these 26.______( senses passions feelings impressions) and more.I have 27. ______(lately just only merely )heard the news that forces have begun to bomb Iraq. For a moment, I stand in a 28._______( rage madness passion storm )because I know that they have little reason. With millions of others, I have 29.________( applied pleased invited appealed )for them not to do so. Although 30._____( motive cause reason judgment) was on our side, leaders chose to act. Our requests went 31.____( unread undecided unanswered unex plained.) I am 32.____( overcome overwhelmed overlooked overpowered.) And I cry as I listen to bombs 33. ____(crashing cracking discharging exploding )over the radio. And I am stirred by thoughts of those who are 34. ____(enduring standing taking permitting )the blasts. As a new resolve I would 35. ______(raise rage increase rise )my voice against people who start wars. I would speak out against those who only understand violence as a means of resolving a(n) 36. _____(competition difference opposition conflict) and against those who use bombs to rule the world. These people don't even have the 37.___ (decency morality integrity virtue) to ever understand the world they are bombing. Those people who are in power are sure of their 38.____( concluding overall ultimate principal )triumph. They think Iraq would 39.____( submit surrender concede sacrifice )soon. They refuse to listen to us. Now I am 40.____( shameful disgraceful embarrassed wicked,) because I am only talking while others' homes are being invaded. People there are forced to 41.____(defend preserve shelter uphold)themselves. I feel ashamed because I have lived my life 42. ___(restfully comfortably conveniently smoothly )in a country whose government has busied itself killing others. T hese people being killed are 43.____(simple ignorant innocent modest.) I feel 44. ______(guilty wrong criminal wicked )because I cannot do more.How should you react? I do not feel 45._____(qualified efficient effective limited) to answer the question. Anyway, I have never truly experienced war.
Part 5 Skimming and Scanning (True/False+Blank Filling)
Directions:Read the following passage or passages and then answer the questions. For the first 7 questions in each passage, mark Y (YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage, mark N (NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage, mark NG (NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For the remaining 3 questions in the same passage, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Questions 46 to 55 are based on the same passage or dialog.
Cloning (克隆) Plan Poses New Ethical (伦理) Dilemma
Healthy women could be asked to give their eggs for cloning research in an effort to speed up the development of new treatments for disease.
Until now, cloning experts in Britain have found good excuses for their work by using only spare eggs left over from couples getting treatment at fertility (生育) clinics. The eggs are usually rejects of the IVF process and are routinely given up if not used in experiments.
Ethical Questions on Giving Eggs
Many scientists working in the field believe their research is severely influenced because the eggs they use are of such poor quality that they often do not grow into healthy clones. But others believe that asking women to give eggs purely for research introduces a possible financial purpose that is morally unacceptable.
Critics claimed it turns human eggs and the women who provide them into goods. They also warned that any woman considering giving eggs must be fully informed of the health risks before going through with the lengthy and sometimes painful process.
Prof. Wilmut, the creator of Dolly, the cloned sheep, said that he hoped to get high quality eggs for cloning experiments by asking healthy women to give them for his research.
In May, a team of scientists in Newcastle announced they had created the first cloned human embryo (胚胎) in Europe and only the second in the world, as part of a project to develop treatments for diabetes (糖尿病). They found that the quality of the eggs was important to the success of the experiments.
In an interview, Prof. Wilmut said, "I have never doubted that women would give if they thought we were helping people to have treatment. Our hope and belief is that women who have seen the bad effects of this disease will be prepared to make such a contribution." The suggestion has already caused anger among some religious groups.
A representative with the HFEA refused to comment on whether Prof. Wilmut's suggestion had been received but said that an independent committee would make a decision on the matter. Professor Alison Murdoch, who leads the Newcastle cloning team, said that the lack of more eggs was influencing research and meant that alternatives to those given up during fertility treatment were needed greatly.
We're not treating women specifically to get eggs for research. It's part of their fertility t reatment. And until we have more experience, it's not possible for us to know the best way to get eggs. But asking for contributions is an issue that needs to be discussed," she said.
The potential benefits of collecting fresh eggs from women not going through with fertility treatment has already been demonstrated by the world-leading team in Asia. Having gathered eggs from women who gave eggs purely for research, the team went on to become the first to produce a cloned human embryo, and earlier this year reported they had produced tissues (组织) from clones tailored to specific patients.
Possible Dangers in Egg Giving
According to Prof. Murdoch, the most pressing issue was to ensure that any woman considering giving eggs for research was completely informed of the method, its risks, and the s ubsequent use of her eggs before she was allowed to do it.
Before a woman can give eggs, she must first go through a process over several days to help her produce more eggs than normal. The eggs are then taken out surgically. Although this process is carried out routinely at fertility clinics, it is not without risks, and problems can range from pain and sickness to more dangerous and even life-threatening conditions.
Josephine Quintavalle of the pressure group, Comment on Reproductive Ethics (伦理), said concerns for the health of egg donors had prompted the group to draw up an agreement to ensure that the risks are made clear. "There's a growing feeling that women are not told of the danger. At what point does it become right for a woman to go through with something which has risks when there is no benefit at all for her?"
It's no surprise that researchers are looking to fertile women to give eggs because they want them to produce the best tissues, but there's a danger that researchers have become too cheerful about this," she added. "I'm very nervous about this. Selfless contribution has a strong tradition in medicine, but any action of trying to ask women to give, whether it's moral or financial, is something we should be aware of. If a woman decides of her own free will that she wants to give
eggs, then that is her decision, but as soon as someone offers a reward, even if it is not financial, it becomes a worry."
A review of contribution ethics is under way at the HEF A and is expected to report by the end of the year.
46. Some healthy women have said they would allow cloning experts in Britain to use their eggs for scientific research.
A. Y
B. N
C. NG
47. Low quality eggs used for cloning often fail to grow into healthy clones.
A. Y
B. N
C. NG
48. Giving eggs is in fact not harmful to women's health.
A. Y
B. N
C. NG
49. Professor Wilmut believed women would be willing to give their eggs if they knew such deeds would help those who needed special medical treatment.
A. Y
B. N
C. NG
50. Professor Alison Murdoch thinks the best way to get eggs for cloning research is from women who receive fertility treatment.
A. Y
B. N
C. NG
51. Though a medical research team in Asia was the world-leading one, it was not the first to produce a cloned human embryo.
A. Y
B. N
C. NG
52. T aking eggs from women's bodies may put the lives of these women at risk.
A. Y
B. N
C. NG
53. Because of the possible danger in giving eggs, an agreement was drawn to ensure that the .
54. If someone provides a reward for a woman to give, it becomes .
55. Right now people at the HEF A are conducting a review of .
读写第二册第十单元测试二
试卷编号：b2-r-u10-hjw2
Part 1 Sentence Dictation
Part 2 Understanding Long Conversations
6.A. Because if he leaves, he will be unable to graduate.
B. Because if he stays, he will have to put up with his teacher.
C. Because the decision is up to the school.
D. Because he will be killed if he leaves school.
7. A. He takes a bus.
B. His teacher drives him.
C. He drives his own car.
D. He drives a bus.
8. A. He lives in a rich family.
B. He lives in a poor neighborhood.
C. He lives in a big family.
D. He lives in a safe community.
9. A. They choose to stay at home for a week.
B. They choose to drive a bus or do another bad job.
C. They choose to leave the neighborhood.
D. They choose to go out and sell drugs.
10. A. If you choose to get on the bus, try to keep that way.
B. If you don't feel like staying in the classroom, you can choose to leave.
C. Killing people and selling drugs are bad things to do.
D. Staying at or leaving school is a choice you make.
Part 3 V ocabulary and Structure
11. The people in this country have __________ almost a decade of economic hardship.
A. endured
B. got
C. gone
D. wailed
12. New _________ of communication have opened up between the two governments.
A. methods
B. resolutions
C. channels
D. agreements
13. A virus has _________ most of their computers.
A. reached
B. invaded
C. smashed
D. rescued
14. He lost control of his car at the first bend and __________ into a tree.
A. crashed
B. drove
C. smashed
D. swayed
15. She was __________ from her poor factory job by a movie director searching for new talent.
A. employed
B. rescued
C. healed
D. exposed
16. Could you __________ the lamp in the bedroom, please?
A. get out
B. put in
C. get in
D. put out
17. I'm afraid to __________ my thoughts and feelings to anyone.
A. explode
B. endure
C. expose
D. cast
18. We can't afford such __________ as piano lessons any more.
A. lux uries
B. allies
C. comforts
D. decencies
19. I was obviously __________ in his company, but I couldn't explain why.
A. easy
B. difficult
C. indifferent
D. uneasy
20. The climate has changed too much and too quickly: this is why the wild animal __________ is becoming more and more difficult every year.
A. rescue
B. survival
C. surrender
D. living
Part 4 Reading Comprehension (Multiple Choice)
(Each item: 2)
Directions:Read the following passages carefully and choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the same passage or dialog.
Winston Churchill was one of the great men of his age. T o show their respect for him, the British lawmakers asked a fine artist, Graham Sutherland, to paint Winston Churchill's picture. When it was completed, it was presented to him, at a grand affair in the W estminster Hall, at the House of Commons (下议院).
There is a famous film that shows Churchill accepting the gift. He describes the painting as "a remarkable example of modern art", which draws loud laughter.
In fact he must have been unhappy with the painting. Sutherland later reported that he asked whether it was to be painted with a "happy" or "angry" attitude. "Angry," replied Churchill. At the time, Churchill was coming to the end of his political life and was unhappy that people wanted him to end his career.
Some twenty years later it was revealed that Lady Churchill hated the painting so much that she had it destroyed. "It was preying on (折磨) his mind," she was reported as saying.
A leading art critic was asked what he thought about the matter. He said he could understand Lady Churchill and had pity on her. Graham Sutherland was a very honest artist, who could only paint what he saw. At the time it was painted, Churchill was an old man, worried by the thought that he would have to end his political career soon. But Lady Churchill shouldn't have had the painting destroyed. It could have been stored away until after their deaths.
21. Why did the British lawmakers ask Graham Sutherland to paint a picture of Winston Churchill?
A. T o show their respect for him.
B. T o make Churchill happy.
C. T o put it in the Westminster Hall.
D. T o make Churchill unhappy.
22. Where w as the painting of Winston Churchill after it was finished?
A. In Churchill's home.
B. In Churchill's office.
C. In the Westminster Hall.
D. In a busy town square.
23. What did Churchill say about the painting at the presentation?
A. He said it was not well painted.
B. He said he was unhappy with it.
C. He said it was very honest art.
D. He said it was a great piece of art.
24. Why was Churchill actually unhappy at that time?
A. Because he had to retire and put an end to his political life.
B. Because the painting did not look like him one little bit.
C. Because Lady Churchill was not happy with the painting.
D. Because he was so very sick and did not feel well at all.
25. What is the author's attitude tow ards the painting being destroyed?
A. Approval.
B. Disapproval.
C. Anger.
D. Indifference.
Part 5 Reading Comprehension (Banked Cloze)
When I went to sleep everything seemed normal. By the time daylight arrived the next morning, the world, as I knew it, had been destroyed.
Shortly after I had gone to sleep, the bombs began to hammer our neighborhood. I quickly got 26. ------my bed as parts of the ceiling crashed down to the floor. Then my father came in and 27. --- me and took me to our cellar where our family hid together throughout the night.
I looked out into the morning sky through a hole where something had 28. ----- tthe basement wall. I could see 29. -----reaching high into the sky from many houses on our block. The scope of the damage to our neighborhood was 30. ------ Everywhere I looked there was 31. ----- An old woman who was disabled was trying to pick up some of her photos that were 32. -----in the street.
I ran to help the old woman gather her photos. I wondered what kind of person could possibly 33. r such an offense against innocent people. It was 34. ----- the result of a disagreement between our government and another. T he bulk of the losses, however, were here in the 35. ----we were simply trying to live our lives. Why couldn't those governments find a peaceful solution to their conflicts?
Omitted Under Take Evidently Grief Willingly Suburbs Scattered Boundaries Clashed Flames Smashed Beyond Grabbed Underneath encounter
读写第三册第一单元测试一
试卷编号：b3-rw-u1-lb1
Part 1 Word Dictation
Part 2 Multiple Choice
6. This young woman would have ________ curiosity because she was well dressed and looked very attractive.
A. risen
B. stimulated
C. caused
D. woken
7. A recent ________ was that about 20 per cent of college graduates joined the army of the unemployed last year.
A. estimate
B. number
C. figure
D. statistic
8. He said he was a policeman and therefore had the ________ to stop speeding drivers.
A. control
B. influence
C. authority
D. priority
9. On the coast the weather is ________ with day after day of hot sun, in the mountains, however, the air cools quickly and until the end of June you can still find snow on the mountain tops.
A. funny
B. interesting
C. romantic
D. good 10. The door closed behind T om as he scanned the handsomely furnished (装饰的) double room which ________ Albemarle Street.
A. saw
B. overlooked
C. watched
D. sighted
11. The same question was usually set in two forms: one that had ________ answers to choose from, and the other where the pupil had to supply their own answer.
A. some
B. weak
C. strong
D. different
12. Some artists are able to ________ a likeness in a sketch while others are gifted to ________ a fleeting expression.
A. grasp/get
B. hold/capture
C. catch/capture
D. capture/catch
13. T he boy ________ his friend out of the apple by insisting that it was rotten, if not poisonous.
A. deceived
B. fooled
C. misled
D. cheated
14. I would like to ________ you of the following changes we've made in the plans for the development of our company.
A. notice
B. note
C. inform
D. suggest
15. Once you have made your booking and paid a ________, then the cost of your holiday cannot be changed.
A. fee
B. saving
C. money
D. loan
Part 3 Cloze (with four choices provided)
Parents are the most influential people in children's lives and all parents love their children and want what is best for them, but they often lack the information and skills necessary. T o help parents 16__.( reckon assess evaluate calculate) with the sheer weight of their special responsibility, many organizations have done something to help. They have 17.__ (set down set out set up set aside) classes to provide them with information, techniques, and support raising their children.
Classes 18.__ (revolve spin turns way) around the importance of love, communication and a close relationship between parents and their children. 19.__ (Much of More of Most of all Moreover) the shaping of a child's behavior and character can be done in a way that will make the child happy. It can be 20__.( accepted acknowledged accomplished performed )through positive and fun activities. The classes also teach the parents respectful discipline methods. These methods will 21.__ (defend shelter save preserve) the parent-child relationship. They will also 22.__( build hold construct erect )on a child's ability to take on responsibility.
One man who took parenting classes had longed to be able to 23___.( match correspond adjust reconcile )differences with his teenage son. "We just couldn't talk without fighting," he 24.__(predicted admitted recognized granted.) "Our relationship was a 25. (defeat wreck crash collapse.)"He found that after making just 26.__( a few a lot a little many )simple changes things changed. His son became quite 27.__ (pleasant agreeable delightful pleasing) to his requests. "I changed the way I 28.__( communicated advocated educated associated) with my son. Then I watched our relationship 29.__ (extend stretch climb blossom) into something very special."
Most parents think that they should 30.__ (simply evidently typically naturally) be a good caretaker for their child. However, this is not always 31.__( practical realistic genuine true). Parenting can be very difficult,especially when you're physically and emotionally 32__.( humiliated tortured drained emptied )from work or worries. Raising a child right takes skill and patience, yet most parents do it without any training. Parents should not be ashamed to 33.__ (acknowledge realize recognize indicate )that they don't have all the answers. T aking classes,34.__ (pledging guaranteeing ensuring swearing) to become a better parent and truly working at it, should be the way things are done. It should be 35. __(traditional contrary customary accustomed), not the exception. Remember, success
means having what all parents desire-a healthy and happy child.
Part 4 Skimming and Scanning (Multiple Choice + Blank Filling)
Boys with Eating Disorders (紊乱，失调)
Why isn't T ony Eating?
No one knows what T ony does at lunchtime. His friends all gather at the dining hall where they share stories and eat. They talk about their lives and the things they have seen in movies or read in books. But T ony doesn't care about these things, and he doesn't join them. In fact, there is only one thing on T ony's mind-building the perfect body. And while his friends are chatting away, T ony is in the gym by himself, lifting weights. Now, he is able to lift more than ever. He has also measured his arms and legs and weighed himself. He knows he is in the best shape of his life. But it's not enough.
Introduction-a real problem
People say that women and girls are the ones who have body size issues, the ones who develop eating disorders, and the ones affected most by the media pressure. It is true that women and girls are affected more, but the same issues also affect men and boys. Experts believe the number of boys affected is increasing and that many cases may not be reported, since males are reluctant to acknowledge any illness mostly associated with females.
Where it comes from
There is more and more media pressure for men and boys to take on the look of the well-muscled athletes and actors. Males are becoming uncomfortable about their physical appearance and self-image. Sports, health, and fitness magazines focus on the importance of having muscles and the methods to obtain those perfect sports bodies. Boys tend to do a great deal of weight training and, if they do not see immediate results, they often turn to using steroids (类固醇) and vitamins that advertise unbelievable muscle gain.
The average boy cannot come near meeting the impossible "standard" of the media's male body perfection. They are not going to be Arnold Schwarzenegger or some other action star, or have the well-muscled body of athletes. The most popular magazines carry images of women and men on the covers that represent about 3 percent of the population. Obviously, that leaves 97 percent who cannot measure up to that level of a desired body image.
Magazines, especially those aimed at men and boys, spread the "body building" message around. Advertisements promote weight lifting, body building or muscle toning. The V-shaped body with great muscles is emphasized as the ideal.
The need to make weight for a sport like boxing can cause eating disorders. The demand for pills (药片) that give energy and decrease a person's desire to eat is high among those needing to make weight. Weight training, sports, and conversation with friends can lead boys to abnormal eating habits, which can lead to eating disorders.
Even the toys they play with create pressure. The toy action figures have more muscles today than they did in the past. Their bodies are setting unrealistic ideals for boys in much the same way dolls have been blamed for giving an unrealistic body ideal for girls.
One of the side effects of this body consciousness for both boys and girls is the tendency to turn to smoking to keep their weight down. Overweight boys in the age range of 9 to 14 were 65% more likely to think about or try smoking than their peers. The same study found that boys who worked out every day in order to lose weight were twice as likely to ex periment with tobacco. Males with poor body image are also more likely to take drugs and get angry easily.
The effects of a poor body image
It's not uncommon for people who think poorly of their bodies to have problems in other areas of their lives, including careers and relationships. One's feelings of self-worth, behavior, and social confidence can all be related to either a good or a bad body image. How you see yourself affects every part of your life.
More and more health-care professionals are starting to realize the degree that boys can be influenced by body image. One recent study showed that of boys between the ages of 7 and 9, fifty percent wanted to reshape their body. This percentage (百分比) increases as they reach their teens and want to take part in sports and impress girls. It is something that can follow you throughout life if you do not learn to understand that there is more to you th an your muscles and body shape.
Advice for people with a poor body image
If you are a boy or a young man who is worried too much about how your body looks, you should remember that your body is just one part of who you are. And it is not even a very important part. You are not just what your body means. Y our worth as a person, or your identity as a man, is not determined by your weight or body shape. Develop your potential. Think about your unique gifts. Meaningful relationships, well-established goals, and kindheartedness to others lead to a balanced life and better feelings of one's self. An over-muscled body just doesn't do these.
And if you are still having trouble with doubts or concerns about your body, rather than work out more or eat less, see a doctor about your problems. By talking to a psychologist, you may reduce your anx ieties, and finally make them a thing of the past so that you can turn to much more important things in life. Psychologists have had a great deal of success stories in treating young men with the same problem, and, most likely, they will be able to help you as well.
36. T ony is most concerned with ________________.
A. having an eating disorder
B. eating his lunch
C. building a perfect body
D. gaining weight
37. ________________ are more affected by the body size issues.
A. Women and girls
B. Men and boys
C. W omen and boys
D. Men and girls
38. Some sports magazines teach the young men ________________.
A. to become a real athlete
B. to become a healthy actor
C. to use vitamins to keep healthy
D. to obtain perfect sports bodies
39. The ideal body shown in magazines ________________.
A. cannot be good for sports
B. demands pills
C. cannot measure up
D. is shaped like a V
40. Boys and girls would possibly turn to ________________ for help to keep their weight down.
A. playing
B. s moking
C. taking pills
D. weight training
41. ________________ can be related to self-worth, behavior, and social confidence.
A. A good or bad body
B. Body image
C. Every part of your life
D. T aking drugs
42. Half of all boys between 7 and 9 want ________________.
A. to impress girls
B. to play sports
C. to reshape their bodies
D. to have a good body image
43. Males who worry too much should keep in mind that the body is just a part of _____________________________________________________________________________.
44. You won't have a balanced life and better feelings just because you have__________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __
45. It is likely that psychologists can help you because they have had much success treating ._______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ _____--
读写第三册第一单元测试二
试卷编号：b3-rw-u1-lb2
Part 1 Word Dictation
Part 2 Multiple Choice
6. The ________ of the man who beat the girl to death was not money but sheer killing.
A. intention
B. reaction
C. push
D. drive
7. By the fact that he stayed in the United States for more than ten years, he developed an American ________.
A. stress
B. sound
C. voice
D. accent
8. The criminal ________ himself so well as an old lady that he escaped the sharp eyes of the policemen.
A. hid
B. covered
C. deceived
D. disguised
9. A phenomenon is ________ if it has elements that stimulate one's curiosity and make it difficult to ex plain it.
A. odd
B. curious
C. unknown
D. strange
10. A soap ________ is a popular television series about the daily lives and problems of a group of people.
A. drama
B. play
C. opera
D. program
11. Will you go to the party ________ me, so that our host won't be too offended?
A. instead of
B. rather than
C. no other than
D. except for
12. I feel that when there are so many better people for the chairmanship, I should step ________.
A. apart
B. outside
C. off
D. down
13. In response to my wish that he go to the party, he said he would like to ________ his headache.
A. apart from
B. besides
C. but
D. except for
14. Now that the director has a good ________, you can talk to him about more money for your project.
A. feeling
B. attribute
C. attitude
D. status
15. "I'm certain David told you his business troubles."
"________, it's no secret that he needs to pay money to more than two banks."
A. Anyhow
B. However
C. Therefore
D. Somewhat
Part 3 Cloze (with no choices prov ided)
We had wanted to let him know that no matter 16. ______ difficult things got in the world, there would always be people who cared about him. We ended 17.______ reminding ourselves instead. For Jimmy, the love 18. ______ which we sang was a welcome bonus, but mostly he had just wanted to see everyone 19. ______ happy again.
Just 20. ______ my father's death had changed Jimmy's world overnight, September 11th changed our lives; the world we'd known was gone. But, as we sang 21. ______ Jimmy and held each other 22. ______ afterward praying for peace around the world, we were reminded that the constant love and support of our friends and family would get us 23. ______ whatever life might present. The simplicity with which Jimmy had reconciled everything 24. ______ us should not have been surprising. There had never been any limitations 25. ______ what Jimmy's love could accomplish.
Part 4 Reading Comprehension (Multiple Choice)
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the same passage or dialog.
Language is a way to communicate with each other. We started to learn language when we were born. However, people are used to speaking their native language, so immigrants are having many problems between the first generation and the second generation because they don't have the same native language. Also, the second generation is losing their identity. Especially in America,there are many immigrants that came from different countries to succeed in the States. Because they suffer in lots of areas such as getting a job and trying to speak English, they want their children to speak English, not only at school, but also at home in order to be more successful. Because of this situation, their children are losing their ethnic identity and, even more, they are ignoring their parents whose English is not very good.
I think most immigrants are trying to preserve their native language in their new country, but this doesn't help very much in getting a good job. My aunt didn't teach Korean to her children in order to help them succeed in the US; she did so, hopefully, to help them establish a Korean identity. Though the second generation is born in the new country, they often get confused about their identity. My cousins told me that when they visited Korea a few years ago, they felt different from other Koreans. They could even feel it just strolling around the street because they wore different clothes.
We must realize that language is important and valuable for many reasons. Immigrants should make an effort not to be ignored by their children and to make their children understand their heritage by teaching them the parents' language. This is important in helping the second generation establish their identity.
26. Which people are having trouble with language?
A. Natives.
B. People of the 2nd generation.
C. People when born.
D. Immigrants.
27. Why are children ignoring their parents?
A. Children have lost their identity.
B. Parents cause children to suffer.
C. They speak different languages.
D. They have different job levels.
28. T he author's aunt taught Korean ________.
A. so she could preserve her language
B. so she would have a job in America
C. to help children succeed in their new country
D. to help children keep their Korean identity
29. T he author's cousins felt ________.
A. they were not similar to people in Korea
B. they could not get a job in America
C. it was all right to look and feel different
D. it was important to keep their identity
30. A proper title for this passage is ________.
A. The Identity of the Second Generation
B. Korean Problems in America
C. Learning a New Language in the US
D. Keeping Y our Culture in a New Land Questions 31 to 35 are based on the same passage or dialog.
T wo similar-sounding English words caused trouble for a man who wanted to fly from Los Angeles to Oakland, California. His problems began at the airport in Los Angeles. He thought he heard his flight announced, so he walked to the gate, showed his ticket, and got on the plane. After flying for twenty minutes, the man began to worry. Oakland was north of Los Angeles, but the plane seemed to be heading west, and when he looked out his window all he could see was ocean. "Is this plane going to Oakland?" he asked the flight attendant (服务员). The flight attendant was shocked. "No," she said. "We're going to Auckland-Auckland, New Zealand." English is not the only language with similar-sounding words. Other languages, too, have words that can cause mistakes, especially for foreigners.
Auckland and Oakland. When similar-sounding words cause a mistake, probably the best thing to do is just laugh and learn from it. Of course, sometimes it's hard to laugh. The man who traveled to Auckland instead of Oakland didn't feel like laughing. But even that mistake turned out all right in the end. The airline (航空公司) paid for the man's hotel room and meals in New Zealand and for his flight back to California. "Oh well," the man later said, "I always wanted to see New Zealand."
31. T he main topic of this passage is ________.
A. mistakes made by people in airports
B. troubles experienced by foreigners in a new country
C. difficulties had by people when taking a plane
D. problems caused by words that sound alike
32. She told him the plane would arrive in ________.
A. Oakland
B. Auckland
C. Los Angeles
D. California
33. T he man realized something was wrong when ________.
A. he landed in Oakland, California
B. he saw that the flight attendant was shocked
C. he noticed the direction of the plane
D. he walked up to the gate
34. T he sentence "Oh well, I always wanted to see New Zealand." reflects ________.
A. the man's sense of humor
B. the man's frustration
C. the man's disappointment
D. the man's despair
35. According to the passage one proper way to deal with a mistake caused by similar-sounding words is ________.
A. to have a sharp ear
B. to learn a good pronunciation
C. to speak clearly and slowly
D. to laugh and learn from it
读写第三册第二单元测试一
试卷编号：b3-rw-u2-lb1
Part 1 Word Dictation
Part 2 Multiple Choice
6. The Great Wall winds its way ________ the mountains.
A. through
B. across
C. past
D. behind
7. These areas rely on agriculture almost _____________, having few mineral resources and a minimum of industrial development.
A. respectively
B. relatively
C. incredibly
D. exclusively
8. A ________ slowing in reaction time will occur if a senior doesn't stay active.
A. unique
B. obvious
C. beautiful
D. striking
9. The survival _____________ of some wild animals is not very high as they are often killed for their skins.
A. rate
B. degree
C. ratio
D. scale
10. From this material we can _____________ hundreds of useful products.
A. derive
B. reduce
C. employ
D. replace
11. The judge considers a financial _____________ to be an appropriate way of punishing him.
A. option
B. duty
C. responsibility
D. penalty
12. His grandfather is still ________ and lively, full of energy.
A. vigorous
B. violent
C. intense
D. high-impact
13. We are all for your proposal that the discussion ________.
A. was put off
B. is to put off
C. be put off
D. should put off
14. Frequently single-parent children ________ some of the housework.
A. take off
B. take after
C. take on
D. take in
15. He'll be angry if you try to ________ him. He is very busy now.
A. interfere with
B. interfere in
C. disturb with
D. worry about
Part 3 Cloze (with no choices prov ided)
Questions 16 to 25 are based on the same passage or dialog.
"Select breads and cereals with the words 'iron-added' 16. ______ the label," writes sports diet expert Nancy Clark. "This added iron supplements the small amount that naturally occurs in grains. Eat these foods 17.______ plentiful V itamin C (for example, drink orange juice with cereal or put a tomato 18.______ a sandwich) to 19.______ the amount of iron absorbed." Clark also recommends 20.______ in iron pans, as food can 21.______ iron from the pan during the cooking process. "The iron content of tomato sauce cooked in an iron pot for three hours showed a striking increase, the level going up nearly 30 times," she writes. And people who are likely to have low iron should avoid 22. ______ coffee or tea with meals, she says, since 23. ______ in these drinks can interfere with iron being absorbed 24. ______ the body.
"Active women need to be a lot more careful about their food choices," sums up Purdue's Lyle. "If you pay attention to warning signs before iron reserves are 25. ______, you can remedy the deficiency before it really becomes a problem."
Part 4 Reading Comprehension (Multiple Choice)
Another example of the dangers of a restricted diet may be seen in the disease known as "beri-beri" (脚气病), which used to affect large numbers of Eastern peoples who lived mainly on rice. In the early years of the 20th century, a Dutch scientist named Eijkman was trying to discover the cause of beri-beri. At first he thought it was transmitted (传送) by a germ (细菌). He was working in a Japanese hospital, where the patients were fed on rice which had had the external husk (壳) removed from the grain, called "white rice." It was thought this would be easier for weak, sick people to digest.
Eijkman thought his germ theory was confirmed when he noticed the chickens in the hospital yard, which were fed on scraps (碎片) from the patients' plates, were also showing signs of the disease. He then tried to isolate the germ he thought was causing the disease, but his experiments were interrupted by a hospital official, who ruled that the huskless polished rice was too good for chickens. The chickens should be fed cheap rice with the external covering still on the grain, called "brown rice."
Eijkman noticed that the chickens began to recover on the new diet. He began to consider the possibility that eating brown rice somehow prevented or cured beri-beri—even that a lack of some ingredient in the husk might be the cause of the disease. Indeed this was the case. The element needed to prevent beri-beri was shortly afterwards isolated from rice husks and is now known as V itamin B. The white rice, though more expensive, was keeping alive the disease the hospital was trying to cure.
26. From the context, what do you think the author mentions in the paragraph that is just before this first paragraph?
A. One example of the importance of vitamins.
B. One example of the benefits of eating healthy foods.
C. One example of the dangers of a restricted diet.
D. One example of the benefits of various vitamins.
27. T he disease "beri-beri" ________.
A. kills large numbers of Western peoples
B. is a vitamin deficiency disease
C. is transmitted by diseased rice
D. can be caught from diseased chickens
28. T he chickens Eijkman noticed in the hospital yard ________.
A. couldn't digest the huskless rice
B. proved beri-beri is transmitted by germs
C. were later cooked for the patients' food
D. were suffering from vitamin deficiency
29. Huskless, white rice ________.
A. was cheaper than brown rice
B. was less beneficial to the body than brown rice
C. was more beneficial to the body than brown rice
D. cured beri-beri
30. T he ingredient missing from white rice ________.
A. was V itamin B
B. did not affect the chickens
C. was named the Eijkman vitamin
D. has never been accurately identified
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the same passage or dialog.
Summer is the ideal time of year for one of my favorite outdoor activities, hiking (徒步旅行). It is much more than just a great workout. You get to be outside of the confines of a gym and be together with nature. You breathe in the fresh, clean air while the city life you endured all week just fades away. Y ou are suddenly transported somewhere else. You are suddenly in a place where you can appreciate the untouched, simplistic beauty of nature. T he trees are green, the wild flowers are growing and the woods are filled with activity. Once you ex perience it, you're hooked.
Whether hiking in the deserts of Arizona or the mountains of Alberta, you suddenly realize you are not alone and there is something much bigger at work. There is a realization that life is precious and you think deeply about your life.
Another wonderful part of hiking is that you can participate at any level and it is, for the most part, free. It is a great way to escape the rat race, even during the week. If you have any problems you need to solve, hiking is really good for clearing your head and removing stress.
If hiking sounds intimidating to you, it is essentially walking on a whole new level. Experts have spoken about the benefits of walking for years. Walking doesn't stress your legs as much as running and countless studies agree walking leads to weight loss and better health. It is good for your heart, reduces illness and has even been shown to enhance your thinking. So why wouldn't you want to do it?
31. What makes hiking different from other forms of exercise?
A. It is a great workout.
B. It is a summertime activity.
C. It is an activity that slows breathing.
D. It is an exercise that is done outside.
32. What disappears for someone who is hiking?
A. Green trees.
B. Beautiful nature.
C. City life.
D. Precious things.
33. Once you take up hiking in nature as something you do, you ________.
A. feel much bigger than before
B. love it and want to do it often
C. wish you lived outside of the city
D. look for new hiking places, like Arizona
34. How do you feel after you've begun hiking?
A. Intimidated.
B. Thoughtful.
C. Lonely.
D. Free from stress.
35. How is running different than walking?
A. Running is harder on the legs.
B. Running is better for weight loss.
C. Running is good for a person's heart.
D. Running is a cause for improved thinking.
读写第三册第二单元测试二
试卷编号：b3-rw-u2-lb2
Part 1 Word Dictation
Part 2 Multiple Choice
6. While a ________ amount of stress can be beneficial, too much stress can exhaust you.
A. moderate
B. modern
C. large
D. striking 7. If you _____________ your demand, then maybe you will have more chance of getting what you want.
A. conduct
B. deny
C. grant
D. moderate
8. I don't think he is old ________ to do the job.
A. sufficient
B. plentiful
C. enough
D. approximate
9. The ________ year begins when school opens in September.
A. studying
B. learning
C. teacher
D. academic
10. T he physicist needed more ________ before his theory could be accepted.
A. finance
B. publications
C. evidence
D. recognition
11. Students of ________ grades are those studying in the first three grades of elementary school.
A. entry
B. basic
C. main
D. primary
12. T he museum is ________ a valuable group of coins.
A. displaying
B. exhibiting
C. presenting
D. giving
13. Many cookbooks have very ________ directions.
A. common
B. confirmed
C. complicated
D. compound
14. T he ________ for speeding is a fine of one hundred and fifty dollars.
A. penalty
B. benefit
C. criticism
D. remedy
15. The two brothers are very much _______, not only in appearance but also in thinking.
A. like
B. likely
C. alike
D. alive
Part 3 Cloze (with four choices provided)
People with back problems can benefit from exercise. Examples o f exercise that are 16. compatible durable agreeable advisable include walking, swimming and riding an exercise bicycle. Many people 17. consume assume fancy imagine the wrong thing about exercise. They think that balance and movement problems are 18. acceptable suitable inevitable considerable with age. Exercise can help older adults improve strength and balance and, 19. prevent avoid hinder forbid them from tiring easily. It has been proved that even a low level of exercise can 20. reduce shorten moderate weaken the risk of falls. In addition, elderly people with regular exercises have showed significant improvement in the 21. shape position situation condition of their hearts and quality-of-life measurements. They enjoy an increased 22. sense concern mood view of control over their lives.
23. Therefore Otherwise Furthermore Instead, evidence suggests that exercise has an added benefit. It increases your body's 24. reduction production construction creation of molecules called endorphins that fight pain and increase happiness. The body's production of this 25. content substance material matter has an effect anyone can enjoy. It creates the well-known feeling 26. during while when as exercise called "runner's high".
Exercise should be 27. stable steady continuous continual for 30 or more minutes in order to keep the heart rate elevated (提高). People with back pain should 28. select specify collect determine an exercise program that is low-impact. It is also important to 29. extend lengthen expand stretch your muscles before beginning exercise activity. Also you should 30. restrain moderate adapt modify the amount of exercise you do. Do this 31. according to due to because of in spite of your actual physical condition.
Here are two exercise 32. orders patterns customs programs that are gentle on the back: Walking for exercise: T ypically, walking two to three miles three times 33. for in per of week is very helpful for people with back problems.
An exercise bicycle: Using an exercise bicycle is also 34. effective efficient adequate fruitful. It may be less 35. stressed stressful tense intense for the back.
Exercising in water: Doing exercise in water is good for conditioning.
Part 4 Skimming and Scanning (Multiple Choice + Blank Filling)
Engineers of the Woods
In the forests of North America, where the winters are often long and cold, small lakes can be found along the streams. Sometimes these lakes are natural, sometimes they are man-made, and sometimes they are the constructions of beavers (海狸). Y ou can tell a beaver lake by its dam. T o make the dams, the beavers lay sticks and branches on top of each other to form an effective barrier against the water of the stream. Near the dam the beavers lay sticks and branches. Usually this barrier is similar to a small island in a lake. This is the house where a beaver family spends the winter, protecting themselves from enemies and from the cold. The beavers are able to keep dry in the center of the house, which is above water level.
The beavers work hard to make their house. T hey cut down trees, gather branches and put them together with mud. Most of the summer is spent on this kind of work, but in winter the beavers' work pays off. Their house protects them from bears as well as the cold.
The beaver is related to animals such as rats and mice. The beaver, however, is much bigger than his relatives. An adult beaver may weigh more than 50 pounds, and his body may be about three feet long. His tail will add ten to twelve more inches to his length. His back feet are webbed, which help him swim rapidly. His front feet are similar to a pair of strong hands. With them he can carry wood and stones. His eyes, nose and ears are small, but he has two huge front teeth. These teeth are always growing, and he must keep them sharp by constant use. T he teeth of an adult beaver are yellow from the bark of trees that he bites.
Men attach great value to the beaver because beavers can be sold to make ex pensive clothing. Beavers have almost disappeared from Europe because trappers (设阱捕兽者) have killed so many of them. Beavers might easily have become extinct in America, too, but laws were passed to protect them before they were all killed.
The beaver likes family life, and lives with the same mate all his life. Several young—usually two to five—are born every year. T he little beavers stay with their parents for two years before mating and setting out on their own. T hey share the work of building dams, constructi ng homes and raising the young.
When there are too many beavers in one place, some of them will group together in another place. They usually choose a spot near some fairly deep lake or river, where there are trees. The bark of trees is eaten as food. Then the wood is used for building.
Sometimes the lodges are built on the bank of the water, but usually they are built on an island in the water. If there is no island already there, the beavers make one by piling sticks and mud on the bed of the river until the top is a few inches above the level of the water. The top is carpeted with small pieces of wood leaves. A roof of sticks and lots of mud is then built over this "floor". Food for the winter is taken to the lodge before the weather gets too cold. Some of it—the larger pieces—is stored on the bottom of the lake or river, near the entrance to a tunnel leading up to the lodge. There are sometimes several such entrances, under the surface of the water. W ood that is kept under water may be stuck in the mud, or weighted down with stones.
Beavers prefer to work at night. One beaver, on a single night, can cut down a tree that is eight inches around. After cutting down the tree, the beaver cuts the trunk into pieces that can be carried. He uses these as the base for the dam. A small dam may be enlarged after several years, in order to flood a large surface and provide living space for more beavers. Under favorable conditions, a dam may last for a hundred years or more. Naturally, other animals use these dams as bridges, forcing the beavers to keep the dams in good repair. The dams must be strong enough to hold up against the pressure of ice in spring and sometimes, holes are made by the beavers, after heavy rains, to allow excess water to run off.
Another type of work beavers do is canal digging. When they have used up the good trees near their home, they must bring more wood from farther away. T o accomplish this, they may dig a canal (运河) to float the trees to the place where they are needed.
Beaver dams help people because they prevent floods and bring water to farms. It is fortunate th at these animals have not been allowed to disappear completely.
36. T he stick and branch dams made by beavers are similar to ________________.
A. houses where people spend the winter
B. small islands in a lake
C. barriers against the water of the stream
D. dams that are man-made
37. Beavers spend most of the summer ________________.
A. hiding from bears
B. making their house
C. keeping cold
D. looking for mice and rats
38. T o help it swim quickly, a beaver has ________________.
A. small ears
B. strong front feet
C. a long tail
D. webbed back feet
39. ________________ have (has) protected beavers from becoming extinct.
A. Family life
B. Europe
C. Laws
D. Trappers
40. Beavers usually choose to live ________________.
A. in one place
B. near some deep lakes or rivers with food
C. near some deep lakes or rivers with trees
D. near the dams of rivers
41. On the bottom of the lake or river, beavers store ________________.
A. large pieces of food
B. small pieces of wood leaves
C. wood and stones
D. sticks and lots of mud
42. In only one night, a beaver can ________________.
A. build a small dam
B. cut down a tree
C. repair a dam
D. make more living space
43. After heavy rains, beavers make holes in the dam to let excess water__________ .
44. Beavers dig canals to __________ from the places farther away to the places where they are needed.
45. Preventing floods and bringing water to farms are two ways that beaver dams__________ . 二级读写第三册unit3测试一
试卷编号：b3-rw-u3-hjw1
Part 1 Word Dictation
Part 2 Multiple Choice
6. Can you give me a (an) _____________ of how much it will cost to take the journey?
A. assessment
B. evaluation
C. admission
D. estimate
7. Because a degree from a good university is the means to a better job, education is one of the most _____________ areas in Japanese life.
A. sophisticated
B. competitive
C. considerate
D. superficial
8. He badly _____________ his back digging in the public garden on Children's Day.
A. stretched
B. exerted
C. pulled
D. strained
9. His plan sounds ________, so you'd better carry out.
A. feasible
B. useless
C. worthy
D. weak
10. When we shook hands I was conscious of his firm _____________ .
A. fist
B. handhold
C. style
D. grip
11. As a defense against air-pollution damage, many plants and animals _____________ a substance to absorb harmful chemicals.
A. avoid
B. employ
C. dismiss
D. discard
12. After a short holiday, he _____________ himself once more to his studies.
A. applied
B. converted
C. engaged
D. exerted
13. It is a joy to hear ________ apologies that are from the bottom of one's heart.
A. real
B. true
C. sincere
D. realistic
14. Drinking alcohol can ________ your ability to drive properly.
A. effect
B. affect
C. remove
D. avoid
15. The purpose of the seminar is to train some of the employees to work ________ in the branch offices abroad.
A. later
B. late
C. lately
D. latest
Part 3 Cloze (with four choices provided)
When I was growing up, I went to Catholic (天主教的) school. Some people think that Catholic schools are 16. possibly primarily preferably presumably for cultivating religious beliefs. However, many Catholic schools concentrate on 17. performing transforming reforming informing the behavior of kids who have done poorly in public schools. In public schools there are 18. fewer more lesser least rules. Rules are plentiful at Catholic schools, and someone is always making sure they are 19. reserved preserved deserved observed.
Most people believe that nuns (修女) are kind women who have 20. admitted permitted committed submitted their lives to their religion. Our headmaster, Sister Mary Elizabeth, was the meanest woman I 21. ever just almost even met. She smoked and 22. insulted cursed prayed scolded and carried a ruler through the halls. She'd use it to hit students who were not 23. behaving conducting reacting responding. She even kept an even bigger stick in the storage closet in the gym. When a student 24. invaded infected insulted consulted someone, she had a solution. The same solution existed for a student who had poor 25. guidance attendance existence residence.And if a student was too 26. characteristic dramatic optimistic energetic or did something wrong, they were not sent to the headmaster's office. 27. Thereby However Instead Otherw ise, they were sent to the gym closet.
I went to the gym closet once. The room was 28. dimly dully uncleanly unclearly lit when I arrived. It was also 29. thick heavy intense intensive with cigarette smoke when I got there. Sister Mary Elizabeth's constant bad 30. mood emotion impression notion was even worse that day. It happened that her 31. intimate popular favorite fashionable baseball team, which she had bet on, lost. The experience really 32. feared scared alarmed regretted me.
That's how it 33. came went arrived reached with most students. They took their 34. punishment argument assignment improvement once and were too frightened to do anything wrong again. Some people say that this experience teaches students the discipline and the ability to 35. endure contact discharge survive pressure that they will need in life. However, many people doubt it.
Part 4 Reading Comprehension (Multiple Choice)
So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake things for children that children can only do for themselves. T eaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that "reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible."
T eaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. T eaching is also a public activity: it can be seen and observed.
Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public examination.
If teacher and learner roles are distinguishable, how can teaching aid the child in the quest for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. "Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children." When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.
36. T he problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that ________.
A. it is one of the most difficult school courses
B. too much time is spent in teaching about reading
C. students spend endless hours in reading
D. reading tasks are assigned with little guidance
37. T he teaching of reading will be successful if ________.
A. teachers can enable students to develop their own way of reading
B. teachers can improve conditions at school for the students
C. teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading
D. teachers can make their teaching activities observable
38. T he word "examination" at the end of Paragraph 3 most probably means "________".
A. inquiry
B. observation
C. control
D. suspicion
39. According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when ________.
A. children become highly motivated
B. teacher and learner roles are identical
C. teaching helps children in the search for knowledge
D. reading enriches children's ex perience
40. T he main idea of the passage is that ________.
A. teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read
B. teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible
C. reading ability is something acquired rather than taught
D. reading is more complicated than generally believed
Part 5 Translation from Chinese into English
41. 品德第一的思想在海德中学一旦成功，它就将成为其他学校学习的典范。(using "Once")
42. 贾维斯(Jarvis) 因为侮辱顾客而被解雇。(insult)
43. 第一堂课老师就告诫我们，学生的得分不仅包括学习成绩，还包括出勤率和努力程度。(attendance)
二级读写第三册unit3测试二
试卷编号：b3-rw-u3-hjw2
Part 1 Understanding Long Conversations
1. A. T o make students study more. B. T o help students be more successful.
C. T o see if classes are being taught well.
D. T o make changes to education.
2. A. T o check if changes should be made. B. T o understand more about tests.
C. T o compare them with results in other countries.
D. T o see if their child is making any progress.
3. A. 70%. B. 73%. C. 85%. D. 87%.
4. A. Different countries and their teaching methods.
B. Help for students in getting good grades.
C. Improvements made possible through tests.
D. The purpose of tests and interpretation of grades.
5. A. Parent and child. B. Psychologist and patient.
C. T eacher and student.
D. Employer and employee.
Part 2 Multiple Choice
6. As the door to China is open, Western ideas and ________ come in.
A. moral
B. valuable
C. morals
D. value
7. Climate and weather affect every ________ of our lives.
A. factor
B. respect
C. aspect
D. consideration
8. The East and the West can work together for their ________ benefit and progress.
A. common
B. mutual
C. same
D. together
9. English is the necessary foreign language in our school's ________.
A. class
B. course
C. lesson
D. curriculum
10. It might be ________ to give your attitude towards study a second thought.
A. worth
B. worthy
C. worthwhile
D. worthily
11. Over half of the population of the country ________ in traditional sports.
A. takes
B. practices
C. goes for
D. participates
12. She isn't beautiful. But she is ________ pretty.
A. kind of
B. a kind of
C. of a kind
D. a sort of
13. We must ________ a better way to save money if we are to buy a new house.
A. work out
B. work at
C. work by
D. work for
14. If he had been more careful with the details, his plan would not have ________.
A. fallen off
B. fallen through
C. fallen away
D. fallen over
15. In a time of social reform, people's state of mind tends to keep ________ with the rapid changes of society.
A. step
B. progress
C. pace
D. touch
Part 3 Translation from Chinese into English
16. 假如家长参与学校教学活动，中小学的教育就容易多了。(provided)
17. 让家长参与学校活动的计划仍在制定当中，虽然困难很大。(work out)
18. 就像在很多其他学校一样，新的教学计划不顾老师和学生的抗议被中止了。(using "As") Part 4 Skimming and Scanning (Multiple Choice + Blank Filling)
The Olympic T orch (火炬)
Every four years, the entire world turns toward a certain city, to follow the facts, records, and histories of overcoming. This year, all eyes will turn toward Athens, the pl ace of the first Olympic Games.
In a world of about six billion inhabitants (居民), only a selected group of about ten thousand athletes gets to the Olympic Games. However, there is a ritual of the Games that allows thousands of common people to participate in the Olympic experience, which is unique in the world: the tracking of the Olympic torch. The flame lit in Olympia is a powerful symbol, the force of which can be felt all over the world.
The Olympic torch-past and present
This tradition is not as old as the Games. The tracking of the torch was never part of the Games in Ancient Greece, yet it was part of Greek culture. The old way to carry the Olympic torch through runs was in honor of several gods. They were carried from one temple to the other or to some particular city. The first to get to the place had the honor to light the flame of the gods with his own torch.
The torch is currently completely integrated with the Olympic Movement and is an instrument that should reflect not only the soul of the country organizing the Games, but also the technology available at that moment. For the Athens Olympic Games of 1004, the designer Andreas V arotsos selected the olive (橄榄) leaf. He wanted to include all aspects of his country, both in the historical and cultural levels, at the same time making use of an international language that reflected the spirit of Greece and showed values of peace, love and harmony in all places.
The tracking of the torch-the first half in the 20th Century
The fire was not employed as an Olympic symbol until 1928 when a flame was lit during the Amsterdam Olympics. That caught the imagination of the public. Four years later, in Los Angeles, Carl Diem, from the German Olympic Committee, decided to develop the idea. The flame was lit once again. But those were not real Olympic flames. When the Games were held in Berlin, in 1936, Diem introduced the first tracking of the Olympic torch.
T orch tracking in the 1960s and 1970s
For the Games of 1968, in Mexico, the torch was carried to Spain, from where it would cross the Atlantic and follow the route of Christopher Columbus up to Central America. In Mexico City, Enriqueta Basilio was the first woman to light the Olympic flame.
In 1972, 36 years after the Berlin Olympics, the torch was once again carried to Germany, and 1976 saw the change of the torch to show the growth of technology during the 20th century. In Athens, a machine collected the ionized particles (离子粒) of the flame and transformed it to electronic impulses (脉冲). They were then passed by a satellite across the Atlantic to Ottawa, Canada, where they sent to relight the flame. In seconds, the flame had crossed the world. From Ottawa, it was taken to Montreal, and then followed the conventional manner.
In the 1980s
In 1980, for the Moscow Olympics, the Olympic flame was taken to the Soviet Union for the first time. However, the tracking of the torch in Los Angeles was the most complicated and also the most troublesome. The influence of the money in the sports was growing. In 1984, this led to many quarrels in the Olympic Movement. The Americans developed a program in which each kilometer was sold and the money was given to sport organizations for the youth. This model allowed private sponsors to buy several kilometers, yet it was not well accepted in Greece, and there were many protests against the sale of the Olympic flame.
The memories of the Berlin Olympics, in 1936, were remembered in the Seoul Olympics in 1988. The winner of one race in 1936 was the Korean Kitei Son, yet the medal was given to Japan, which occupied Korea at that time. In 1988, he had the honor to enter the Olympic stadium with the torch, under his real Korean name, Sohn Kee-chung.
Developments in the 1990s
In Barcelona, in 1992, the method through which the flame was lit was in all of the newspapers. Antonio Rebollo was appointed to shoot an arrow (箭) to light the flame. If he made a mistake, this would be the largest mistake of all time. But he did it right. In 1996, the torch was carried to all cities that had held the Games before. More than 10,000 runners took the torch from Olympia to Atlanta. Runners carrying the torch were community heroes chosen for this special honor. Any person could indicate the name of someone regarded as a local hero to carry the flame for a while.
In the new century
During the trip to the Games of 1000, in Sydney, the tracking begun in Uluru, an important place for the Indian population. The first Australian aborigine (土著人) to win an Olympic gold, Nova Peris-Kneebone, carried the torch through the first part of the tracking. Another aborigine, Cathy Freeman, who later would win a gold medal in women's 400 meters, lit the flame.
This year, the trip of the Olympic torch went through 127 countries of all five continents for the first time, including all host cities of the previous Games and also the cities that are candidates (候选人) for the Olympic Games of 1012. Beijing received the flame for the first time in history. More than a ritual, the tracking of the torch has become an unex pected opportunity to involve thousands of people with the Olympic experience. As a flaming symbol, the torch has allowed thousands of common citizens to participate.
19. ________________ are allowed to take part in the Olympic torch tracking.
A. T en thousand common people
B. T en thousand sportsmen
C. Thousands of common people
D. Six billion inhabitants
20. T he Olympic torch is a tool that should not only reflect the technology available at the moment, but also ________________.
A. the Olympic Movement
B. the soul of the host country
C. the Games in Ancient Greece
D. the honor of the gods
21. T he first real Olympic flame was ________________.
A. in Los Angeles Olympics in 1932
B. in Amsterdam Olympics in 1928
C. in Berlin Olympics in 1936
D. in Athens Olympics in 2004
22. In the 1968 Mexico Olympics, Enriqueta Basilio was ________________.
A. the first woman to carry the torch
B. the first woman to take part in the games
C. the first woman to cross the Atlantic with the torch
D. the first woman to light the flame
23. How did the use of the Olympic torch in 1976 express the 20th century's technological growth? ________________
A. By passing the flame by satellite.
B. By carrying the torch back to Germany.
C. By using an electronic torch.
D. By taking the torch to Montreal.
24. T he most complicated and troublesome torch tracking was in ________________.
A. Greece
B. Moscow
C. Los Angeles
D. Berlin
25. T he Korean athlete Sohn Kee-chung ________________.
A. won a race in 1936 Seoul Olympics, but the honor was given to Japan
B. won a race in 1936 Berlin Olympics, but the honor was given to Japan
C. won a race in 1988 Seoul Olympics, but the honor was given to Japan
D. won a race in 1988 Seoul Olympics, and the honor was given to Korea
26. One chosen to carry the flame for a while is regarded as .
27. In 2000, the Olympic flame was lit by an aborigine who would later win .
28. T he tracking of the torch has become more than a ritual.
Part 5 Reading Comprehension (Banked Cloze)
Why do we always assume that a "good student" is one that gets really good grades? Oddly enough, it is often not the students that got the best grades that succeed in life, but rather the ones that exhibited the most heart. Indeed, if you want to 29. _____ on how far a student might get in life, a better measurement than grades might be how hard they try. Many teachers actually 30. _____this, and boost the final grades of students who work hard to learn.
One teacher of English grammar said, "If a student is giving his or her utmost effort, I make sure that is 31. _____ in the final grade. You can't simply look at a 32. _____of test results to determine how well a student has done in your class. Students' 33._____ during class are much more important than what they put on paper. They 34. _____ the ability to help others around them succeed. When there is a 35. _____ discussion about something, they are always participating. As a teacher, I am primarily 36. _____ with helping students to develop strong character. Those who I can help in this way will become more 37. _____ than any who simply got high scores."
Attitudes like this teacher's are ensuring that our students have a 38. _____ of intelligence and good values. T his is a combination for real success.
二级读写第三册unit4测试一
试卷编号：b3-rw-u4-hjw1
Part 1 Word Dictation
Part 2 Multiple Choice
6. In the 1700's North American colonists proclaimed their wealth and social ________ by wearing elaborate clothing.
A. responsibility
B. events
C. organization
D. status
7. A _____________ to this problem is expected to be found before long.
A. solution
B. settlement
C. response
D. result
8. A good deal of the __________ for their success must go to John Francis, the captain.
A. reputation
B. respect
C. credit
D. fame
9. This rapid growth has been achieved by a _____________ handful of people.
A. simple
B. scarce
C. slight
D. bare
10. I like my teacher, but feel no ________ for her.
A. affection
B. like
C. feeling
D. motion
11. The grandfather ________ all the members of the family for the annual picnic.
A. put
B. assembled
C. collected
D. had
12. Many old readers do not like the modern ________ of The Holy Bible; they've gotten used to the traditional one.
A. publication
B. vision
C. version
D. copyright
13. T he investigation demonstrates that his enemies ________ false stories about him.
A. encouraged
B. caused
C. inspired
D. enlightened
14. She goes to the dentist to have her teeth ________ twice a week.
A. looked
B. watched
C. observed
D. inspected
15. T he country's first act would be to ________ for the navy.
A. employ
B. invite
C. recruit
D. supply
Part 3 Cloze (with four choices prov ided)
"America, the land of opportunity, the land of the free." I, 16.for once for one furthermore moreover, have a hard time believing it. Have you ever heard of the American Dream? It is the
17. fundamental experimental mental original belief of Americans that every person,
18.no matter why no matter what no matter how no matter when poor their beginnings, can change his life. Anyone can work his way from the 19. below end bottom rear up to the top. 20. Living in the past For the past In the past All in the past, we would listen to stories about our great-grandparents. They traveled here from a 21. distant instant constant reluctant country for their opportunity to make it big. W e would dream of 22. make making mark marking it big for ourselves. "Your great-grandfather came to this country with 23. nothing else and no one but anything but nothing but the shirt on his back and built his company from the ground up." This was how the story 24. virtually usually ritually gradually went. Something has changed, 25. though instead too either. Americans are increasingly 26. possessing depressing distressing dismissing this idea as untrue. They see it as nothing but an empty 27. assurance consensus promise compromise. They have a cynical 28. outset outlet outgo outlook and they don't believe that they will ever be rich or powerful. They believe that past generations 29. gripped grabbed held snapped all of the resources and power. These people will do 30. just as well just as soon not just anything just about anything to keep it for themselves.
Money rules this country. 31. Still Only So As the rich become leaders. And they approve
rules to help their rich friends take 32. advantage benefit advance utmost of the workers. They are more than happy to give you a job, 33. supplied provided assigned equipped you accept their terms. You must agree to work for low wages, 34. therefore so thereby nearby increasing their profits.
If you work very hard, you can 35. sw allow borrow own owe the bank for a small house and car and a couple of children. That is the American dream today.
Part 4 Skimming and Scanning (Multiple Choice + Blank Filling)
Children's Eating
Raising children can be a challenging job. It can also be rewarding. When it comes to eating, the more caregivers know about children's natural eating patterns, the easier and more rewarding the job of feeding children can be.
Like many other behaviors, children's eating patterns are largely learned. Starting from infancy (婴儿期), a child learns what can be eaten and what cannot, what is appropriate within the culture and the family regarding food manners, what types of food are liked and disliked, and what cues are important in controlling the amount of food eaten. Children's eating patterns move through predictable stages of development that present challenges and opportunities for learning and mastering proper eating patterns. Early feeding interactions influence the set of skills and behaviors children possess as their eating moves from completely depending on their caregivers to relying more on themselves.
Inborn (天生的) Abilities, Preferences, and Transitions (转变)
Because a newborn spends about 50% of his waking time eating, the feeding interaction is perhaps an infant's most important ex perience. Feeding not only supplies energy for growth, it also establishes his bond with his mother, provides a sense of security and pleasure for the infant, and presents repeated opportunities for learning and social exchange.
A child's transition to solid food is a dynamic (不断增长的) period of growth and learning. Eating patterns change more during this period than during any other time of life. This transition requires rapid learning about flavors, food, manners, and social exchange.
An often unrecognized milestone (里程碑) in young children's eating behavior is dealing with a fear of new food. Y oung children are inclined to be afraid of new food when they are between 18-24 months of age. Children previously judged as "good eaters" often begin to reject new food and refuse formerly accepted, familiar items. Children's acceptance of new food does not happen right away. It requires repeated experience with new food to overcome fears and enhance acceptance.
The Family Eating Environment
Parents and caregivers greatly influence the eating environment in which children's preferences and eating patterns develop. Caregivers determine which foods are available to the child and what composes a child's diet. They also provide a model of eating behavior and guide a child's eating through feeding practices. By selecting the food that comes into the home, parents have direct control over the food children repeatedly eat.
At any point in development, large differences may exist among parents in the extent to which they allow a child to control eating, including the timing of meals, as well as what and how much is eaten. Feeding practices that are too controlling are not effective, but rather may work against promoting healthy eating patterns. The use of pressure and restriction in child feeding seems to have an opposite effect on children's preferences. Another unintended consequence of using pressure in child feeding is that it may cause eating to be influenced by factors other than a child's own hunger and fullness.
The Contemporary Eating Environment
While the family is the most important environment in which children's eating develops, cultural and physical environments also play a role. Environmental factors affect a parent's ability to promote healthy eating patterns. Such factors include increased time demands in family life, loss of the family meal, increased television viewing during meals, increased dining-out (外出就餐) occasions, and increased use of childcare. Parents also struggle with the broader health and eating concerns of our society. This climate includes poor diet quality and an ever-increasing number of overweight parents and children. At the same time, society places an enormous emphasis on dieting and thinness.
Promoting Healthy Eating Behaviors
A worthy goal for parents and caregivers is to create feeding environments that promote healthy eating behaviors and support healthy weight and growth. There are several important feeding issues for most children:
1. Young children eat small amounts of food frequently; three meals and three snacks (点心) is a normal eating pattern until well into the school years.
2. The appearance of irregular eating patterns is not necessarily evidence of poor eating habits. Parents should consider the amount of food eaten across the day and beyond, rather than focus on "getting a child to eat" at a particular eating occasion.
3. Young children require fewer energy and smaller portion sizes. Because increasing portion sizes may increase energy intakes, be careful about routinely (习惯性地) offering adult-size servings of drinks and snacks.
Keeping these issues and the following ten tips in mind will help parents and caregivers develop healthy eating behaviors in the children they care for.
T en Tips for P utting Information into Action
1. Children benefit from eating routines (常规) and structure in the same way that they benefit from bedtime routines! Be sure to offer three meals and two to three snacks across the course of the day. In between, avoid feeding the child by adopting a "closed kitchen" policy.
2. What does hunger have to do with it? Everything. Direct children towards internal cues like hunger and fullness. Speak plainly to children about hunger and fulln ess during mealtime and snacks.
3. A void focusing on the amounts consumed. Instead, offer healthy choices and learn about appropriate portion sizes for children.
4. Offer healthy snacks and routinely remind children that fruits and vegetables are available for snacking.
5. Don't give up! Children need repeated experiences with new food before they learn to like them.
6. Be conscious of low nutrient, high-energy drinks and food consumption.
7. Be active! Turn off the television (limit of 2 hours per day) and encourage free play by GOING OUTSIDE!
8. Make family meals a priority whenever possible. Try for at least three family dinners a week. Limit eating out to twice a week and try to choose restaurants with surroundings that permit conversation.
9. Develop children's conversational styles and their sense of importance by eliminating
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2020年高考英语考试大纲(新课标)
月份星期 January (Jan) Monday(Mon) February(feb ) Tuesday(tyes) March(mar) Wednesday(wed.) April(apr) Thursday(thurs) May(may) Friday(fri) June(jun) Saturday(sat) July(jul) Sunday(sun) September(sept) October(oct)
November(nov) December(dec) Ⅰ、考试性质 普通高等学校招生全国统一考试是由合格的离中华业生和具有同等 学力的考生参加的选拔性考试。高等学校根据考生的成绩，按已确定的招生计划，德、智、体全面衡量，择优录取。因此.离考应有较高的信度、效度，适当的难度和必要的区分度。 Ⅱ.考试的内容和要求 根据普通高等学校对新生文化素质的要球，依据中华人民共和国教育部2020年颁布的《普通高中课程方案（实验）》和《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》，确定本学科考试内容。 考核目标与要求 一、语言知识 要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念 和话题（见附录1至附录5），要求词汇量为3500左右. 二、语言运用 1.听力 要求考生能听懂所熟悉话题的简短独白和对话。考生应能： （1）理解主旨和要义 （2）获取具体的、事实性信息 （3）对所听内容作出推断 （4）理解说话者的意图、观点和态度 2.阅读 要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、 说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能： （1）理解主旨和要义
2017中考英语考纲
2017年广东省初中毕业生英语学科学业考试大纲 一、考试性质 初中毕业生英语学科学业考试（以下简称“学业考试”）是义务教育阶段的终结性考试。目的是全面、准确地反映初中毕业生达到《义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）》（以下简称《课程标准》）五级课程目标水平的程度。考试结果既是衡量学生是否达到毕业标准的主要依据，也是高中阶段学校招生的重要依据之一。 二、指导思想 贯彻《课程标准》的新理念，反映《课程标准》的目标要求，遵循如下命题原则： 1．要着重考查学生听、说、读、写等四种英语语言技能的综合实践能力以及灵活运用语言知识的能力。 2．要依据《课程标准》来确定考查内容与标准。 3．要充分考虑学生的实际生活和身心发展水平。 4．要选用真实、地道的语言素材，根据语言实际使用情况命题。 5．要确保试题的信度和效度，杜绝繁、偏、旧的试题。 6．要根据试题的考查目的和考查重点，科学合理地制订评分标准。 三、考试依据 依据《课程标准》的五级课程目标的等级要求、《教育部关于积极推进中小学评价与考试制度改革的通知》和广东省考试中心粤[2003]85号文《关于高中阶段学校招生考试英语口语工作有关问题的通知》的精神，以及我省各地初中英语新课程教学实际情况。 四、考试内容与要求 “学业考试”的内容是《课程标准》制定的三级至五级目标内容，即初中学生在全日制义务教育七年级至九年级阶段应该完成的学习内容和达到的学习目标，包括语言技能（听、说、读、写）、语言知识（语音、词汇、语法、功能、话题）、文化意识（文化知识、文化理解、跨文化交际意识和能力）、情感态度（动机兴趣、自信意志、合作精神、祖国意识、国际视野）、学习策略（认知策略、调控策略、交际策略、资源策
基础英语试题汇总
基础英语试题 （旅1）英译汉 1.Antinori would go for regulation ,of course 、He believes it is only a matter of time before we lose our hang-ups about reproductive cloning and accept it as just another IVF technique、 2.But the world will never embrace the first cloned baby if it is unhealthy or deformed or the sole survivor of hundreds of pregnancies、 3.I stared at the words in the distressed way you might stare at party guests whose faces you've seen somewhere before but whose names have escaped your mind、 4.Should you find yourself at Cairo's airport , look for Nagat outside the international arrival hall 、 If you are lucky , you will have a chance to see Cairo through the eyes of a woman taxi driver、 5.I spent the next 14 days in the hospital in a state of extreme confusion 、 This is what Ecstasy gave me
《学术英语写作(本科)》章节测试题与答案
《学术英语写作（本科）》章节测试题与答案 第1章单元测试 1、我不需要做研究，所以我不需要学习学术英语写作。 答案：错 2、做旅游攻略的过程，就是一个简单的 research 过程。 答案：对 3、et al 就是 and others 的意思。 答案：对 4、下面哪些选项是学术英语写作的原因？ 答案：To report on a piece of research the writer has conducted;、To answer a question the writer has been given or chosen;、To discuss a subject of common interest and give the writer’s view;、To synthesize research done by others on a topic. 5、学术英语写作中的一般文本特征包括： 答案：sentence、heading、sub-title、paragraph、title、
phrase 第2章单元测试 1、在细化主题时，需要考虑你的写作目的是什么以及预期读者是谁。 答案：对 2、My Most Embarrassing Moment是一个可以写的论文题目。 答案：错 3、选题不一定是自己感兴趣的和好奇的。 答案：错 4、1. 在本章中，提到的四个写作技巧是： 答案：Research Log、Work Schedule、Mental Inventory、Brainstorming 5、计划书包含下面哪些内容？ 答案：your topic and your thesis、the kinds of sources you plan to consult、the problems you anticipate、any special aspects of your project 第3章单元测试
中考英语考纲词汇word.doc
考纲词汇表(1600个单词和300条短语) A a a (an) art. 一（个、件……） a bit (of) 有一点，一会儿 a few 有些，几个 a kind of 一种 a little 有点儿，一点儿 a lot （of）许多，大量 a number of 一些，许多 a pair / piece / set of 一双/ 张/ 套（副）ability n. 能力，才能 able a. 能够，有能力的 about ad. 1大约2到处prep.3 关于 above .prep. 在…上面a.上面的ad. 在之上abroad ad. 到（在）国外 absent a. 缺席，不在 accent n. 口音，音调 accept v. 接受 accident n. 事故，意外的事 according to 根据……，按照 ache vi.& n. 痛，疼痛 achieve vt. 完成, 达到 across prep. 横过，穿过 act n. 法令/条例v. 演出/行动action n. 行动active ad . 积极的,主动的 activity n. 活动 ad (缩) = advertisement n.广告 add v.添加，增加 add…to…把…加到…上add up to 合计达……address n. 地址 adult adj. 成年的；n. 成年人 advantage n. 优点, 好处 advice n.劝告，建议advise vt. 忠告，建议aeroplane = airplane = plane n. 飞机 afford vt. 负担得起;抽得出（时间;提供 afraid a. 害怕的，担心 after ad. 在后prep. 在…之后conj.在…以后 after all 毕竟 afternoon n. 下午，午后 again ad. 再一次，再，又 against prep. 对着，反对 age n. 年龄;时代 ago ad. 以前 agree v. 同意；应允 agree with 同意 agreement n. 同意，一致；协定，协议 ahead ad. 在前，向前，提前 ahead of time 提早 aim v．瞄准，打算n. 目的；打算 aim at 瞄准，针对 air n. 空气，大气 airline n. 航空公司, 航空系统 airport n. 航空站，飞机场 alive a. 活着的，存在的 all ad/a 全部地，所有的，pron.全部 all kinds of 各种各样的 all over 遍及 all right 行了，好吧，（病）好了 allow v. 允许，准许 almost ad. 几乎，差不多 alone a. 单独的，孤独的 along ad. 向前prep. 沿着；顺着 aloud ad. 出声地；高声地 already ad. 已经 also ad. 也 although conj. 虽然，尽管 always ad. 总是；一直；永远 America n.美国American a.美国人的n.美国人among prep. 在（三个以上）之间 ancient a. 古代的，古老的 and conj. 和；又；而 and so on 等等 angry a. 生气的，愤怒的 animal n. 动物 another a. 再一别的pron. 另一个 answer n. 回答回信；答案v. 回答，答复 ant n. 蚂蚁 any pron.任何的；（疑问句、否定句） Anybody/anyone pron. 任何人，无论谁 anything pron. 什么事（物）；任何事（物） anyway ad. 不管怎样 anywhere ad. 任何地方 appear v. 出现，露面; （公开）演出 apple n. 苹果 April n. 4月 area n. 面积；地域，地方，区域；范围，领域 arm n. 臂, 支架 army n. 军队 around ad. 在周围prep. 在…周围；大约 arrive vi. 到达；达到arrive at / in 到达 art n. 艺术，美术；技艺 article n. 文章；东西，物品；冠词 as ad.& conj.像…一样,如同；因为prep. 作为，当作as a result （作为）结果 as ... as 像，如同 as for 至于 as long as 只要 as soon as 一……就 as usual 和往常一样 as well as 也；还；而且 Asia n.亚洲Asian a.亚洲的;亚洲人的n.亚洲人ask v. 问，询问；请求，要求；邀请 ask for 请求 asleep a. 睡着的，熟睡 at prep. 在（几点钟）；在（某处） at first首先 at home 在家 at last 最后 at least 至少at most 最多 at noon /night 在正午/在晚上 at the age of 在......岁的时候 Atlantic n. 大西洋 a. 大西洋的 attention n. 注意;关注; 注意力; (口令)立正! August n. 8月 aunt n. 伯母；舅母；婶；姑；姨 Australia n. 澳洲；澳大利亚 Australian a.澳洲的;澳大利亚人的n.澳大利亚人autumn n. 秋天，秋季 1