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部分倒装与完全倒装的区别

部分倒装与完全倒装的区别
部分倒装与完全倒装的区别

部分倒装与完全倒装的区别

英语最基本的词序“主语部分+谓语部分”通常十分固定。如果把谓语动词放在主语前面,这就叫做倒装。将谓语动词完全移至主语之前,称为完全倒装;如果只是把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前,称为部分倒装。

一、全部倒装

1.以here,there,now,then开头的句子,谓语动词要放在句子的主语之前。这种句子中的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。如:

Here comes the train!

There goes the bell!

注意:如果句子的主语是人称代词,则不能使用倒装结构。如:

Here it comes!/There it goes!

2.有些动词短语以副词out,in,up,down,away等结尾,构成不及物动词短语。这时,为了使句子更形象,常将这些副词提前到句首。这时,句中的谓语动词要放在句子主语的前面,构成全部倒装。(注意,这时句子的主语也必须是名词。如果是人称代词,也不能使用倒装结构。)如:

Up went the rocket.

Up it went.

3.为了强调表示地点的介词短语,常将这个介词短语放在句首,构成全部倒装。注意,这时句子的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。如:

In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker.

4.表语置于句首,且主语较长或结构较复杂的句子要用全部倒装。如:

Gone are the days when we had nothing to eat.

5.so/neither/nor表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者,其倒装结构为“so/neither /nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”(so表示肯定意义,neither/nor表示否定意义)。如:

She has finished her homework,so has her brother.

She hasn’t gone there,neither/nor has he.

但如果so表示强调,即强调前面所说的情况的真实性时,其结构是“so+主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词”,这里的主语同前一个句子的主语指的是同一人或物。如:She knows little English,so she does.她英语懂得不多。她的确如此。

二.部分倒装

1.用于疑问句中。如:

How did you do that﹖

Did you see the film yesterday﹖

2.用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句中。如果我们将连词if省略,应把were,had,should提到主语前面。如:

If you had come yesterday,you would have seen him.

→Had you come yesterday,you would have seen him.

3.用于as引导的让步状语从句中。as引导的让步状语从句引起的倒装有以下几种形式:

1) 副词置于句首。如:

Much as I like it (=Although I like it very much), I will not buy it.

2) 动词原形置于句首。如

Wait as you may(=Although you may wait), he will not see you.

3) 形容词或名词置于句首。如:

Proud as the nobles are (=Although the nobles are proud), they are afraid to see me.Child as he is (=Although he is a child), he can tell right from wrong.

注意:如果名词前有形容词修饰时,as 引导的倒装句中要保留不定冠词。如:

A bad-tempered man as he is (=Although he is a bad-tempered man), he loves me deeply.

4.具有否定意义的副词或连词(not,hardly,no sooner, not until, seldom,not once,at no time,never,little等) 置于句首时,句子(主句)采用部分倒装。如:

Little do we know about him.

No sooner had he closed his eyes than he fell asleep.

Seldom does he come back on Sundays.

Not until he came back did I know about it.

5.only修饰句子的状语(从句)位于句首时,句子(主句)要用部分倒装。如:Only then did I realize the importance of English.

但如果only修饰的是句子的其它成分,则无需倒装。如:

Only socialism can save China.

(only修饰的是句子的主语,故仍用正常语序。)

6.not only…but also… 连接两个并列分句时,第一个分句应使用部分倒装。如:Not only does he do well in his lessons, but also he often helps others with their lessons.7.so…that结构中的倒装。有时要强调so所修饰的形容词或副词,常将so

连同它所修饰的形容词或副词一起提到句首。这时,主句要用倒装结构。如:

He runs so fast that he is far ahead of others.

→So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.

He is so clever that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book.

→So clever is he that he can work out all the difficult problems in the book.(全部倒装)

倒装的原因有二:

1)由于一定语法结构的需要,如:

Have you known Mr. Davis long?你认识戴维斯先生很久了吗?

Where have you been?你刚才到哪里去了?

Was the car damaged by a truck?这辆小轿车是让大卡车给撞坏的吗?

2)由于强调,如:

Never have I heard such a funny story.我从来没听过这样有趣的故事。

Only then did I fully understand what my father said.只有到那时,我才充分理解我父亲讲的话。

倒装结构的基本用法

在下列情况下,通常用倒装句。.

1)在问句中,如:

What does your father do?你父亲干什幺工作?

How are you?你身体好吗?

Is he singing of is his brother?是他在唱,还是他弟弟在唱?

Was your school setup in 1958? 你们的学校是7958年成立的吗?

2)在“there + be”结构里,如:

There are many tall buildings in Hong Kong.香港有很多高建筑物。

There is a plane at the airport.飞机场上有一架飞机。

There are different forms of energy.有各种不同形式的能量。

3)在以here(这里),there(那里)等副词开头的某些句子里(须用现在一般时),如:There goes our director.我们的主任走了。

There goes then bell.铃响了。

Here is a ticket for you.这儿有张票给你。

Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。

[注]但如果主语是人称代词,主语和谓语动词的词序则不变。如:

There he comes.他来了。

Here it is.在这儿(或这就是)。

4)虚拟结构中的条件从句省去it时这时were,had和should须移至主语之前。如:He would do more work were he in your place.如果他是你的话,他会干更多工作。Should I earn more money,I should live better.如果我能赚更多的钱,我会生活得好些。You would have done well had you taken her advice.你如果听她的意见,你就会干得好些。

Were there no steel,there would be no modern industry.没有钢就不会有现代工业。5)直接宾语如果是直接引语的全部或一部分往往放在句首,这时主语和谓语动词也可颠倒位置。如:

“You all made great progress last term,”said the teacher.老师说:“你们上学期都取得了很大的进步。”

“Miss smith,”replied the monitor,“our success is inseparable from your hard work.”“史密斯小姐,”班长回答说,“我们的成绩与你的辛勤劳动是分不开的。”

6)在某些表达祝愿的句子里,如:

Long live the people!人民万岁!

May you all be happy!祝你们大家愉快!

7)在用肋表示“我也这样”一类概念的结构里,其公式是:

肯定:so + be,have,助动词或情态动词+ 主语

否定:neither (nor) + be,have,助动词或情态动词+ 主语

He has visited the museum. -so have I.他参观了博物馆。——我也参观了。

She enjoys literature.-so does every one of us.他喜欢文学——我们每个人也都喜欢。They can play chess. -so can we.他们会下棋。——我们也会。

He is a basketball fan. -so do I.他是一个篮球迷。——我也是。

H e isn’t a businessman. -neither am I.他不是商人——我也不是。

They were not thirsty. -nor were we.他们不渴——我们也不渴。

T he boy can’t swim across the river. -nor can his brother.这男孩游不到河的对岸——他弟弟也不行。

I did not attend the performance yesterday. -neither did my wife.我昨天没有去看节目——我妻子也没去。

8)在某些副词开头的句子中,在用never(从来不),hardly(几乎不),only(只有),no sooner...than(刚一…就),nor(也不),scarcely...when(…就…),little(很少)等副词开头的句子中。如:

Never before have I seen such a wonderful park.我从未看到过这样好的公园。

Hardly did I think it possible.我几乎认为这是不可能的。

No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me.我刚出去,他就来看我来了。

So loudly did he speak that everyone could hear him clearly,他讲话声音很大,每个人都听得清楚。

Under no circumstances will we be the first to use nuclear weapons.我们在任何情况下决不首先使用核武器。

9)在表示动作的简短句子里,为了表达生动,有时把副词放在句首,同时把谓语动词(常为实义动词)放在主语之前。如:

In came the teacher and the lesson began.教师走了进来,接着就开始上课。

Away hurried the hunters.猎人们匆忙地走了。

out rushed the boy.那男孩冲了出去。

[注]但如果主语是人称代词,主语和谓语动词的位置则不变,只将副词放在句首。如:

In he came and the lesson began.他走了进来,接着就开始上课。

Away they hurried.他们匆忙地走开了。

Out he rushed,他冲了出去。

10)在其它情况下,有时因为句子的主语比较长,或是为了强调表语,或是为了更紧密地与上文衔接,常将表语放在句首,同时颠倒主语和谓语动词的位置。如:Present at the meeting were president Liu,professor Wang,professor Zhang and others.出席会议的有刘校长、王教授、张教授等人。

Shoulder to shoulder,singing and holding banners,people marched along. on the banners were the words “ we want peace”人们肩并肩,唱着歌,举着旗子前进。旗子上写着:“我们要和平。”

Among them was a soldier who was wounded in the stomach.他们当中有一个胃部受伤的士兵。

Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil.中国人民用洋油的日子已经一去不复返了。

(完整版)部分倒装与完全倒装的区别

部分倒装与完全倒装的区别 英语最基本的词序“主语部分+谓语部分”通常十分固定。如果把谓语动词放在主语前面,这就叫做倒装。将谓语动词完全移至主语之前,称为完全倒装;如果只是把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前,称为部分倒装。 一、全部倒装 1.以here,there,now,then开头的句子,谓语动词要放在句子的主语之前。这种句子中的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。如: Here comes the train! There goes the bell! 注意:如果句子的主语是人称代词,则不能使用倒装结构。如: Here it comes!/There it goes! 2.有些动词短语以副词out,in,up,down,away等结尾,构成不及物动词短语。这时,为了使句子更形象,常将这些副词提前到句首。这时,句中的谓语动词要放在句子主语的前面,构成全部倒装。(注意,这时句子的主语也必须是名词。如果是人称代词,也不能使用倒装结构。)如: Up went the rocket. Up it went. 3.为了强调表示地点的介词短语,常将这个介词短语放在句首,构成全部倒装。注意,这时句子的谓语动词通常是不及物动词。如: In the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker. 4.表语置于句首,且主语较长或结构较复杂的句子要用全部倒装。如: Gone are the days when we had nothing to eat. 5.so/neither/nor表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者,其倒装结构为“so/neither /nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”(so表示肯定意义,neither/nor表示否定意义)。如: She has finished her homework,so has her brother. She hasn’t gone there,neither/nor has he. 但如果so表示强调,即强调前面所说的情况的真实性时,其结构是“so+主语+助动词/系动词/情态动词”,这里的主语同前一个句子的主语指的是同一人或物。如:She knows little English,so she does.她英语懂得不多。她的确如此。 二.部分倒装 1.用于疑问句中。如: How did you do that﹖ Did you see the film yesterday﹖ 2.用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句中。如果我们将连词if省略,应把were,had,should提到主语前面。如: If you had come yesterday,you would have seen him. →Had you come yesterday,you would have seen him. 3.用于as引导的让步状语从句中。as引导的让步状语从句引起的倒装有以下几种形式: 1) 副词置于句首。如: Much as I like it (=Although I like it very much), I will not buy it.

部分倒装和完全倒装

英语中的倒装句分为部分倒装和完全倒装 一、部分倒装 部分倒装亦称“助动词倒装”,是指把谓语的一部分(即助动词)提到主语的前面,而句子的其他部分仍出现在主语后面。如果句子中没有助动词,则增加do,did,does。如OnlyyesterdaydidIrealizewhatwasgoingon. 部分倒装分为以下几类: 1.句首状语为否定词not,never,no等,或具有否定意义的副词如little,hardly,seldom等时,句子部分倒装。E.g.NeverhaveIfoundhiminsuchagoodmood。 我从未见他情绪这么好过。 NotoncehaveVesuviusstoppedhurlingpumicestonesandashintotheair. 维苏维火山没有停止向空气中喷发浮石和灰尘。 Scarcelyhadhefinishedspeakingwhenthepoliceofficersrushontotheplatform. 他刚刚说完,警察就冲到了平台上。 Hardlyhadwestartedwhenitbegan

torain. 我们刚刚出发,就开始下雨了。 Littledidheknowtherealsituation. 他一点也不知道实际情况。 (在这些结构中,否定表达可出现在句中稍后一些的位置而不必倒装。) NodifficultintheworldcandauntaCommunist. 天下事难不倒共产党员。 Onnoaccountarevisitorsallowed tofeedtheanimals. 禁止游客给动物投食。 (句中含no的表达大多是为了强调。在这些结构中,否定表达可以出现在句子中靠后一些的位置,而句子不必倒装。) 2.Hardly(scarcely) …when(before),nosooner…than引导的部分在句首要倒装。这些句子所表达的是一个动作紧接着另一个动作发生。 NosoonerhadIlaindownthanthetelephonerang. 我刚躺下,电话铃就响了。 Hardlyhadwestartedwhenitbegantorain. 我们刚出发就开始下雨了。

英语完全倒装和部分倒装解决不易懂

完全倒装 完全倒装则指将谓语动词完全(全部)置于主语前。完全倒装一般具有以下两个条件: ①谓语动词是单个(即不带情态动词、助动词或be)的不及物动词,且只限于一般现在时或一般过去时。 ②主语只能是名词。 Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。 Away went the runners. 赛跑选手们跑远了。 The door opened and in came Mr Smith. 门开了,史密斯先生进了来。 注:若主语为人称代词,则不能用倒装。如: Away he went. 他跑远了。 主要分为以下几种类型: 1.there/here/then/now/next 等地点副词和时间副词+V.+ 主语 2.up/down/off/out/in/away 等表示运动方向的副词+V.+主语 3.in the room, on the wall + V+主语等介词短语+V.+主语 4.such+ be.+主语 用法说明与经典例句: 1.在以here , there 等表示地点的here型副词开头的句子里,要用全部倒装以示强调。 在描述情景时,为了使景象更生动,有时把here, there, now, then, out, in, up, down, off, away等方向性副词作为句子开头,句子用完全倒装。此时, ①子主语必须是名词; ②谓语动词通常是be, come, go, run, rush, fly, follow, fall等表示位移的不及物动词,且为 一般时态; ③其中的here, there不是表示地点,而是用以引起对方注意。如: here comes the bus. There is a hole in the wall. Here are some advertisements about cars. 这儿是几则有关汽车的广告。 2.以表示时间的副词Now,then 引导的句子,谓语动词是come, begin, end, follow, be 等表示位移或状态的词时,句子要用全部倒装。 Then came the workers. Now is your turn. 注:如果主语是人称代词,则不用倒装。 Then he went.

倒装用法归纳(部分-全部)

Unit5 Grammar Inversion(倒装) 英语部分倒装用法归纳(Partial Inversion) 1. 否定副词位于句首时的倒装 在正式文体中,never, seldom, rarely, little, hardly, scarcely, no sooner, no longer, nowhere 等含有否定意义的副词若位于句首,则其后要用部分倒装: I shall never forgive him. / Never shall I forgive him. 我永远不会宽恕他。 He seldom goes out for dinner. / Seldom does he go out for dinner. 他很少出去吃饭。 She hardly has time to listen to music. / Hardly does she have time to listen to music. 她几乎没时间听音乐。 He little realizes how important this meeting is. / Little does he realize how important this meeting is. 他不甚明白这个会议的重要性。 We had no sooner reached the airport than the plane took off. / No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off. 我们刚到机场,飞机就起飞了。 【注意】 (1)对于not…until句型,当not until…位于句首时,其后的主句要用倒装语序: He didn’t leave the r oom until the rain stopped. / Not until the rain stopped did he leave the room. 雨停了之后他才离开这房间。 (2)某些起副词作用的介词短语,由于含有否定词,若位于句首,其后要用部分倒装: On no accounts must this switch be touched. 这个开关是绝不能触摸的。 In [Under] no circumstances will I lend money to him.无论如何我也不会再借钱给他了。 但是,in no time(立即,马上)位于句首时,其后无需用倒装语序: In no time he worked out the problem. 他马上就算出了那道题。 2.“only+状语”位于句首时的倒装 当一个状语受副词only的修饰且置于句首时,其后用部分倒装语序: Only then did he realize that he was wrong. 到那时他才意识到他错了。 Only in this way are you able to do it well. 你只有用这种方法才能把它做好。 Only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时,才知道出了什么事。 3. “so+adj. / adv.”位于句首时的倒装 副词so后接形容词或副词位于句首时,其后用部分倒装: So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. 天气太冷,我们只好呆在家里。 So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed. 光速很快,我们几乎没法想像它的速度。 So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape. 袭击来得非常突然,我们来不及逃跑。 4.“so+助动词+主语”倒装 当要表示前面提出的某一肯定的情况也同样适合于后者,通常就要用“So+助动词+主语”这种倒装结构: You are young and so am I. 你年轻,我也年轻。 She likes music and so do I. 她喜欢音乐,我也喜欢。

全部倒装和部分倒装和重点语法

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全部倒装和部分倒装用法详解 一、使用全部倒装的情况 1.在there be/lie/stand/live/seem/appear/exist/come/go/seem句型中。如: There goes the ambulance.救护车来了。 2.表示地点、方向、时间的副词(here, out, in,up, down, back off, away, now, then 等)位于句首时。谓语动词多为表示运动的不及物动词(go, come, leave, move, run, rush, ny, jump等)。如: Here is a telegram for you.这儿有你一封电报。 Down jumpedthe man from the horse.那人从马上跳下来。 在上述情况中,主语是代词时,则不用倒装。如: Here you are.给你。 In he came and the meeting began.他进来,会议就开始了。 3.表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。如: Between the two buildings stands a tall pine.两座楼之间有棵大松树。 4.直接引语的部分或全部位于句首时,点明说话人的部分主谓语要倒装。如: "Are you listening to English on the radio?" said Mother. 但,引述动词后有间接宾语或状语时,不倒装。如: 5.在某些表示祝愿的句子中。如: Long live our great country!伟大的祖国万岁! 二、使用部分倒装的情况 1.only修饰的状语(副词、介词短语或状语从句)位于句首时。如: Only after three operations was he able to walk without sticks.做过三次手术之后,他才能不用拐杖行走。 Only with more practice can you pass the driving test.只有多练习你才能通过驾驶考试。 但only修饰主语时,则不倒装。如: Only that girl knew how to work out the problem.只有那位女生知道怎样解那道题。 2.含有否定意义的副词(never, seldom, little, few, not, nowhere等)位于句首时。如: Seldom in all my life have l met such a brave man.我一生很少见过这么勇敢的人。 Never did she care about her own safety, though she was in great danger herself.虽然她处于极大的危险之中,但她根本不顾自己的安全。 3.not until位于句首时。如: Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.直到19世纪初,人们才知道热是何物。 在复合句中,只有主句用倒装,until引导的从句不倒装。如: Not until he loses his health will he give up drinking.他直到失去健康才会戒酒。 4.在no sooner...than..., hardly/scarccly/barely...when...结构中,前面部分位于句首时,其后的分句要部分倒装(谓语用过去完成时)。如: Hardly had the baby seenthe dogwhen she cried.那女婴一看到狗就哭了起来。 NO sooner had the interpreter returned home than he was told to go to another

完全倒装与部分倒装

完全倒装与部分倒装 1. 完全倒装 1) 完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词,而非助动词)。 例如:In came the teacher and the class began. (老师走了进来,然后开始上课。) 2) there引出的完全倒装句:除了最常见的there be句型以外,there还 可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等,一般都译成"有" 的含义,构成完全倒装句。 例如:There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.(远处有个 穿黑色衣服的人。) 3) 由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句:以地点副词here, there和时间 副词now, then 开头,后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain, seem, stand等,而主语又是名词时,构成完全倒装句。 例:Under that tree sits a beautiful girl.(那棵树下坐着一位美丽的姑娘。)例:Down jumped the burglar from the tenth floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him. 注意: 1) 在here, there引出的倒装句中,当主语是普通名词时用完全倒装句, 但当主语是代词时,就要用部分倒装句。 例:Here comes the postman!(邮递员终于来了!注意实意谓语动词位 于主语之前。) Here we are.(我们到了。注意系动词位于主语代词之后。) 2) 注意正语序和倒装语序的语气、意义是区别: 例:Here is the picture I love.(这正是我所喜爱的画。) The picture I love is here.(我所喜爱的画在这里。) 3) 当主语是代词,谓语是系动词,表语是说明性的词、词组和定语从句 时,可以使用完全倒装句,起强调作用。 例:Lucky is he who has been enrolled into a famous university.(他真 幸运,被一所名牌大学录取了。) 2. 部分倒装 1) 部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前, 或把句子的强调成分提前。 例:were she to leave right now, she would get there on Sunday. 如果她立刻就走,她就能在星期天到达那里 2) 以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。注意下列句子中助动词或情态动 词提前、甚至补充助动词的用法: 例:Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.(小约翰直到昨 天才改变了主意。) 例:In no country other than Britain, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day. 3) 以否定副词开头并加状语的句子要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有 barely, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely…… when, never, no sooner…… than, rarely, no more, nor nearly, not only等以及only。 例:Only under special circumstances are freshmen permitted to take

完全倒装、部分倒装.

倒装句 倒装的目的 1语法要求:疑问句,there be, 祝愿句 2修辞要求:为了强调;为描写生动;为衔接上下文;为保持句子平衡 1. 倒装句的定义 英语最基本的词序是主语在谓语动词的前面。如果把谓语动词放在主语前面,就叫做倒装. 1)完全倒装结构: 谓语动词+主语 Here came the headmaster. 2)部分倒装结构: 助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语动词+… Never will I forget you. I. 完全倒装 1. 用于there be句型 There are many students in the classroom. 在there be 结构中有时不用be,而用表示类似“存在”或其他不及物动词,如appear/ seem / live/ stand/ lie/come等. There seems no need to help that country. There lives an old man in that village. There lies a large wheat field in front of the house. 2. 句首状语引起完全倒装 以out,in,up,down,away等副词开头的句子里,以表示强调。 “here(there,now,then)+不及物动词+主语” ①车来了。Here _________________ ②铃响了。There_________________ ③该你的了。Now__________________ ④孩子们出去了。Out__________________ 注意:当代词做主语时,主谓语序不变。 ⑤他们出去。__________________ ⑥他来了。__________________ 注意2:这类倒装不用进行时。 (2010江苏)33. —Is everyone here? —Not yet……Look , there_______ the rest of our guests! A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming 3.当句首状语为表示地点的介词/副词短语时,也常常引起全部倒装 ①山上坐落着一座古老的寺庙。 An old temple lies on the top of the hill. __________________lies an old temple. ②这些东西里有圣诞树、花儿、蜡烛和玩具. Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys are among the goods. __________________are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys. (2010重庆)33. At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River______, one of the ten largest cities in China. A. lies Chongqing B. Chongqing lies C. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie 4.表语提前。有时当句子没有宾语而主语又比较长, 为避免头重脚轻,或者为了使上下文紧

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