形容词和副词

形容词，副词经典讲解

形容词、副词通过几年的高考试题的分析不难看出1）涉及形容词、副词比较级的对象、范围的考点很多，所以加强对此部分的理解和掌握显得尤为重要。2）考题中形容词、副词比较级的用法灵活多样，如用比较级形式表最高级含义，古应特别注意积累和归纳。3）as…as…结构的基本模式尤其它的变体形式比较复杂，考生对此不可以掉以轻心。4）高考题中常出现考查多个形容词作前置定语的用法。因为当几个形容词同做定语时，如何排列它们的顺序成了难点，很多考生只是凭感觉，缺乏理性指导，所以容易出错。

知识点归纳:

（一）形容词的作用

1. 作定语：特别注意多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序。

2. 作表语：通常与系动词be , get , grow , become , feel , appear, prove , seem, look, keep, smell, taste, sound , turn, remain 等连用。如: Our classroom is clean. The weather is getting cooler and cooler.

3. 作宾补: 如：The news made every one happy.

4. 与定冠词一起表示某一类人或物，在句中可作主语、宾语。

如:The rich and the poor live very different lives.

5. 作状语，表示伴随状况、原因、结果等。如

He went to bed, cold and hungry.

She stared into the distance, speechless for a moment. （二）副词的作用

1. 作状语：通常修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。如

2. 作表语，如：One of the tyres is down.

3. 作定语，如：

The population here is getting smaller and smaller.

One my way home, I saw an old lady sitting under a tree alone.

4. 作宾补（副词构成复合宾语的情况较少），如：

I saw Mrs Green out with her husband.

5. 构成短语

表示位置的副词可与动词构成短语，表示特定的意思。如

pick out (挑选)，turn up （露面）

（三）容易出错的几个注意点

1. 下列以a-开头的形容词通常只用作表语：

afraid, alike , alive , alone, asleep, awake, ashamed , afloat (飘浮的), aware (知道的)等。

另外，unable, content (满足的), all（身体）好的，ill（生病的），通常不可用作定语；ill 作定语时，通常是"坏的，邪恶的"意思。尽管现在已有人用ill作前置定语表示生病的，well表示健康的，习惯上还是用sick, healthy等作前置定语为好。

以上所列词汇中，afraid , alive, alone, awake 可用作后置定语，如

a man afraid (害怕的人)，

the greatest man alive (健在的最伟大的人)

the only child awake （唯一醒着的孩子）

The people , and the people alone, are the motive force in the making of world history.

人民，只有人民，才是创造世界历史的动力。

注意：

(1)多数以a-开头的形容词不直接用very修饰，通常习惯说法如：

very much alone 非常孤单的/wide awake 十分清醒的/sound / fast asleep 熟睡的

(2)以a-开头的形容词本身带有副词来修饰时，可以用作前置定语，如

a fast asleep boy 熟睡的男孩；the wide awake soldiers 十分清醒的士兵

2. 有些形容词（如wooden）通常不能用作表语。我们不说The table is wooden 而应改为

The table is of wood. 或The table is made of wood.

不能用作表语，只能作定语的常用形容词还有：inner 内部的，outer 外部的，former 较前的, latter 较

后的，utter完全的，upper上面的，real真正的，mere仅仅的，live[laiv]活的，sheer纯粹的，only唯一的，aged年老的

3. 有些形容词（如possible）作表语时，通常不用"人"作主语。

我们不说He is possible to attend the meeting.

而应该说It is possible for him to attend the meeting.

这类形容词常见的有：possible, improbable, convenient, inconvenient等

注意：这类句型中当动词不定式与句子主语存在着逻辑动宾关系时，主语用"人"是可以的，如

He is impossible to teach. = It is impossible to teach him.

下句也是正确的：

She is necessary to get along well with.

4. worth, worthwhile 和worthy

1) be worth 表示"价值"时，后面可以直接接名词或-ing形式；

2) 在It is worth while 结构中，it 为形式主语，后面可接-ing形式，也可接动词不定式

3) worthy 可修饰名词作定语，如a worthy man 可尊敬的人，a worthy life 有价值的/ 有意义的生活，

与of 连用时可作后置定语，如a cause worthy of support 值得支持的事业。

worthy of 作表语时，后面可接名词或-ing形式（常用其被动式）4) worthy后面也可接动词不定式，被动含义时也须用不定式的被动式。

5. 有些副词与形容词形式相同，表示同一含义，常见的有：early , late , fast , high , straight

6. 副词的位置

1) 修饰形容词和其它副词时，通常放在被修饰词之前，但enough

一词例外。如

This is a very useful tool

He doesn't work hard enough.

2) 频度副词(often , usually , seldom , hardly , never, sometimes, always等)要放在实义动词的前面，

be 动词、助动词、情态动词的后面。如

We often go to the park..

He is always ready to help others.

3) 地点副词、时间副词、方式副词常位于句末。如

I remember that I met him somewhere.

Everything went smoothly.

4) 同时出现几种副词时的排列顺序：方式副词→地点副词→时间副

词。如

He made his model plane perfectly there yesterday.

5) 作定语的副词放在被修饰词之后。

People here are very friendly to me.

7. 某些以-ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。

如friendly , comradely , lively , lovely, lonely, likely, deadly , silly , orderly

8. 有些副词有两种形式（加-ly后变为另一副词），但意义不同，使用时应予注意。

如：late 迟，晚lately 近来, high 高highly 高度地

（四）形容词和副词的比较等级用法

1. 两者相比（A=B），用"as + 原级+ as"表示

2. 两者相比（A

3. 两者相比（A>B），用"比较级+than"表示。

4. 三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用"the + 最高级"表示，这种句型中常有表示比较范围的

介词短语。

Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.

He works (the )hardest in his class.

说明：(1)用比较级句型表达最高级含义时，应注意避免和包括自身的对象比。常用句型为：

比较级+ than +

(2)比较级句型和同级比较句型中出现否定词no , never , nothing等，也可表达最高级含义。

I love nothing better than swimming . (= I love swimming best.)

I have never seen as old a car as this. (= This is the oldest car I've ever seen.)

(3)最高级可以被序数词以及much , by far , nearly , almost, by no means, not quite , not really , nothing like

等词语所修饰。

(4)表示"最高程度"的形容词，如excellent , extreme , perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级。

5. 比较级的一些常用句型

1) 表示"几倍于…"时，用"倍数+as…as"或"倍数+比较级+than"两种结构。

2) 用"比较级+ and + 比较级"表示"越来越…"

3) 用"the + 比较级, the + 比较级"表示"越…，越…"。

4) 表示size , weight , length , width, height等的倍数，用"倍数+the (size , weight…)+of …"结构。

5) 比较级前的修饰语可用表示程度或数量的词或短语，主要有：even, still , much, far, any

(用于否定句或疑问句), a lot , a great deal, by far, a little , a bit , three times, two metres 等。

6) 表示"两者中间…的一个"，比较级前要加the，即"the + 比较级+ of the two"结构。

7) no more than = only 或as … as 只有，仅仅

not more than = at most 至多，不超过

8) no less than 有…之多not less than 不少于

知识点训练

(一) 经典试题回顾

⑴--How was your recent visit to Qingdao ?

--It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the _____ days at the seaside.(NMET 95)

A. few last sunny

B. last few sunny

C. last sunny few

D. few sunny last

⑵Can you believe that in ______ a rich country there should be _____ many poor people ? (同上)

A. such , such

B. such , so

C. so , so

D. so , such

⑶Wait till you are more ______, It's better to be sure than sorry. (NMET 97)

A. inspired

B. satisfied

C. calm

D. certain

⑷Professor White has written some short stories, but he is _____known for his plays. (NMET 98)

A. the best

B. more

C. better

D. the most

⑸____ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. (NMET 2000)

A. Brave enough students

B. Enough brave students

C. Students brave enough

D. Students enough brave

⑹It's always difficult being in a foreign country, _____ if you don't speak the language.

A. extremely

B. naturally

C. basically

D. especially (同上)

⑺John plays football _____, if not better than, David. (NMET 94)

A. as well

B. as well as

C. so well

D. so well as

⑻We all write ______, even when there's not much to say. (同上)

A. now and then

B. by and by

C. step by step

D. more or less

⑼_____ I'd like _____ information about the management of your hotel, please.

_____ Well, you could have _____ word with the manager. He might be helpful. (NMET 95)

A. some , a

B. an , some

C. some , some

D. an ,a

⑽If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ____ great it is. (同上)

A. what

B. how

C. however

D. whatever

⑾We decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining ____. (NMET 96)

A. badly

B. hardly

C. strongly

D. heavily

⑿How beautifully she sings ! I have never heard _____. (同上)

A. the better voice

B. a good voice

C. the best voice

D. a better voice

⒀In that case, there is nothing you can do ____ than wait. (NMET 2001 北京内蒙安微春季)

A. more

B. other

C. better

D. any

⒁I am surprised that you should have been fooled by such a (an) ____ trick.（同上）

A. ordinary

B. easy

C. smart D . simple

⒂_____ role she played in the film ! No wonder she has won an

Oscar. (NMET 2002 上海春季)

A. How interesting

B. How an interesting

C. What interesting

D. What an interesting

⒃The magazine is a(n) _____ number. You can take it out of the reading-room. (同上)

A. back

B. past

C. old

D. former

⒄It is good for elderly people to be _____ involved in community service. (同上)

A. honestly

B. patiently

C. eagerly

D. actively

⒅Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _____ to carry all the way home. (NMET 2003)

A. much too heavy

B. too much heavy

C. heavy too much

D. too heavy much

⒆____ I'm very ______ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. (NMET 2002

A. pleasant, pleased

B. pleased, pleased 北京内蒙安微春季)

C. pleasant, pleasant

D. pleased, pleasant

⒇Two-middle aged passengers fell into the sea. _______, neither of them could swim.

A. In fact

B. Luckily

C. Unfortunately

D. Naturally

答案：1-5 BBDCC 6-10 DBAAC 11-15 DDBDD 16-20 ADADC

（二）巩固练习

1. There are many _____ computers in the department store.

A. last

B. later

C. latest

D. latter

2. "Have you ever been to Paris ?"

"Yes, I've _____ been there."

A. once

B. ever

C. almost

D. nearly

3. He uses his car _____ for going hunting.

A. mostly

B. most

C. almost

D. nearly

4. The plane flew _____ in the sky and the people spoke ____ of the experienced pilot.

A. highly ; highly

B. high ; high

C. high ; highly

D. highly ; high

5. The more ____ we unite, the stronger we become.

A. close

B. closely

C. closed

D. closedly

6. Huggins does the work with _____ care.

A. big

B. very

C. much

D. great

7. It's _____ that we'd better go for a walk.

A. so a beautiful night

B. such beautiful a night

C. so beautiful a night

D. a night so beautiful

8. The Mississippi River is longer than _____ in the U.S.A.

A. any river

B. any other rivers

C. any other river

D. all the rivers

9. He is so ill that _____ hope is left.

A. a little

B. little

C. a few

D. few

10. The buses run every ____ minutes.

A. other

B. many

C. a few

D. few

11. ____ food is better than none.

A. Any

B. Little

C. A little

D. Every

12. "What do you think of the headmaster's address ?"

"I liked ____ of what he said."

A. more

B. several

C. many

D. much

13. Tom is _____ his height.

A. rather thin as to

B. too thin for

C. so thin for

D. very thin of

14. "Jane was quite unfriendly."

"I think she's _____ than unfriendly."

A. shyer

B. shier

C. more shy rather

D. more shy

15. "This cake is delicious."

"Well, at least it's ______ the one I baked last week."

A. as worse as

B. as better than

C. no worse than

D. not better as

16. Harry treats his secretary badly. He seems to think she is the ____ person in the office.

A. less important

B. lease important

C. not more important

D. not most important

17. "It's never _____ to learn." Means "You can not be _____ old to learn."

A. late enough ; very

B. late ; so

C. too late ; too

D.very late ; only

18. He knew _____ little French that he couldn't make himself understood.

A. so

B. such

C. too

D. very

19. "Jim seems to like this country."

"Yes he is _____ here as he was at home."

A. almost as happy

B. as happy almost

C. as almost happy

D. almost happy as

20. She is older than _____ there years.

A. me for

B. I am by

C. I for

D. me by

21. I think it's _____ for walking.

A. very much hot

B. much very hot

C. too much hot

D. much too hot

22. I'm sure she expected to be back _____.

A. before long now

B. now long before

C. long before now

D. now before long

23. John's record was ____ on the team.

A. not so good as all the players

B. not so good as any players

C. not so good as any other players

D. not so good as that players

24. They are ____ to arrive in time.

A. possible

B. impossible

C. likely

D. like

25. Which one is correct ?

A. The reward is worthy

B. That work is worthy of doing

C. This question is worthy to consider

D. There is nothing worthy of being mentioned

26. We are studying ______ books now.

A. three physics very difficult

B. very difficult three physics

C. very three difficult physics

D. three very difficult physics

27. She has a _____ stamp.

A. green square valuable HongKong

B. HowKong valuable square green

C. square valuable green HongKong

D. valuable square green HongKong

28. The stars are ______ when there is no moon.

A.the brightest

B. brightest

C. more brighter

D. much bright

29. He is the most famous musician _____.

A. live

B. alive

C. living

D. lively

30. Bob _____ after he finished the heavy Job.

A. fell fast asleep

B. fell sound sleep

C. fell to asleep

D. went to his sleep

31. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes _____.

A. open

B. to open

C. to be opened

D. opening

32. We don't care if a hunting dog smells _______, but we really

don't want him to smell ____.

A. well ; badly

B. well ; well

C. badly ; bad

D. bad ; bad

33. Can you believe that in _____ a rich country there should be ____ many poor people.

A. such ; such

B. such ; so

C. so ; so

D. so ; such

34. The pianos in the other shop will be ______, but _____.

A. cheaper ; not as better

B. much cheap ; not as better

C. cheaper ; not as good

D. more cheap ; not as good

35. John plays football ______, if not better than David.

A. as well

B. as well as

C. so well

D.so well as

36. "How did you find your visit to the museum ?"

"I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was _____ than I expected."

A. far more interesting

B. even much interesting

C. so more interesting

D. a lot much interesting

37. The salesman showed her several bags and she chose _____ one as she didn't want to spend

too much money on it.

A. the less expensive

B. the least expensive

C. less expensive

D. least expensive

38. Professor White has written some short stories, but he is _____ known for his plays.

A. the best

B. more

C. better

D. the most

39. He had never spent a ______ day.

A. more worry

B. most worrying

C. more worrying

D. most worried

40. How beautifully she sings ! I've never heard ______.

A. the better voice

B. a good voice

C. the best voice

D. a better voice

41. "Are you interested in her answer ?"

"Not at all . It couldn't have been _____."

A. worse

B. better

C. so bad

D. the worst

42. Which is ______ country, Canada or Australia ?

A. a large

B. large

C. a larger

D. the larger

43. Paper produced every year is _____ the world's production of vehicles.

A. the three times weight of

B. three times the weight

C. as three times heavy as

D. three times as heavy as

44. If we had followed his plan, we could have done the job better

with ____ money and ____ people.

A. less ; fewer

B. less ; few

C. less ; less

D. fewer ; fewer

45. Some people are against the plan , but _____ support it.

A. much more

B. many more

C. no more

D. any more

46. It's believed that _____ you work, ____ result you'll get.

A. the harder ; a better

B. the more hard ; the more better

C. the harder ; the better

D. more hard ; more better

47. The climate of Shanghai in summer is not so hot as _____.

A. Nanjing

B. of Nanjing

C. that of Nanjing

D. in Nanjin

48. Though he was an _____, he was _____ in all kinds of _____.

A. action, active , activity

B. actor , actively, activity

C. actor , active, activities

D. activity, actor, active

49. Which is not an adverb ?

A. brotherly

B. hardly

C. on

D. highly

50. This one is _____ too large. Give me a smaller one.

A. so

B. very

C. fairly

D. rather

51. It is _____ to travel by air than by water.

A. much more excited

B. a lot more exciting

C. a lot more excited

D. much exciting

52. China Daily is _____ a newspaper , so it is helpful to us all.

A. no more than

B. not more than

C. more than

D. less than

53. The book seems to be _____ like a dictionary ______ a grammar.

A. more ; than

B. much ; than

C. many ; rather than

D. very instead of

54. This new type of TV set is very thin, and it is ______ than a one hundred-page book.

A. no thinner

B. no thicker

C. not thinner

D. less thicker

55. The bookshelf is of ______ the other one.

A. the same height as

B. as higher as

C. high as

D. the same high as

56. The new building is _____ the old one.

A. the size of five times

B. five times big than

C. five times than the size of

D. five times the size of

57. Betty stood _____ to her teacher and watched ______ what he was doing.

A. close ; closely

B. close ; close

C. closely ; close

D. closely ; closely

58. He was hit by a bullet but _____ he was only ____ wounded.

A. lucky ; badly

B. luckily ; badly

C. luckily ; slightly

D. lucky ; slightly

59. The boy looked _____ , but his weak breath suggested hat he was still _____.

A. dying ; alive

B. dead ; living

C. dead ; alive

D. dying ; living

60. This is one of the best films. I've ever seen, it not _____.

A. the best

B. best

C. the better

D. good

61. The water melon is _____ of the two.

A. worse far

B. worst by far

C. by far the worse

D. far worse

62. "I'm as poor as you." Means "_____".

A. I'm not as rich as you

B. I'm no richer than you

C. You're richer than I

D. I'm even poorer

63. He looked _____ and looked _____ at the policeman.

A. calm ; calm

B. calmly ; calmly

C. calmly ; calm

D. calm ; calmly

64. There must be ______ with the machine.

A. something wrong serious

B. something serious wrong

C. something seriously wrong

D. something wrong seriously

65. My father was _____ asleep and my mother was also ____ asleep.

A. fast ; sound

B. deep ; deeply

C. very ; well

D. wide ; very

66. Tom is _____ any other student in his class.

A. so brightly a boy as

B. as bright a boy as

C. as a bright boy as

D. the same bright as

67. These problems are different in essence, so they should be dealt with _____.

A. totally

B. specially

C. separately

D. particularly

68. To plant the tree , we must dig _____.

A. a hole three feet deep

B. three-foot-deep a hole

C. a three-feet-deep hole

D. a three feet deep hole

69. Those _____ glasses are too _____ for the child to reach.

A. high , high

B. tall , tall

C. tall , high

D. high , tall

70. Which of the following sentence is wrong ?

A. He didn't catch as many birds as he had hoped

B. She looked after the children as gently as possible.

C. We ought to rest as much as possible.

D. They should work hard as possible as they can.

71. Yesterday we had a lecture given by a _____ teacher.

A. well-mannered , young school

B. young, well-mannered school

C. well-mannered, school young

D. school, well-mannered young

72. They said nothing , looking ____ at the headmaster.

A. sad

B. worried

C. excited

D. coldly

73. The _____ amount of money was not known although they knew it was large.

A. real

B. actual

C. true

D. all

74. I can't thank you _____ much for your kindness, because without your help I can't have succeeded

in the examination.

A. too

B. very

C. quite

D. that

75. I'm not sure what time I'll arrive, maybe half past seven or a

quarter to eight. _____, I'll be there as early as possible.

A. Anyhow

B. However

C. Thus

D. Therefore

76. He's a slow learner. There is no reason, _____, to expel (开除)

him from school.

A. though

B. otherwise

C. somehow

D. therefore

77. ---Y ou'd better be _____ about what happened in your family.

---Of course I will let no one else know it.

初中形容词副词详细讲解及 训练

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inborn 天生的 incompatible 不调和的incompatible 不和适宜的inconceivable 不可思议的indecent 不妥的；不检点的indifferent 冷漠的indispensable 不可或缺的inexhaustible 取之不尽的infectious 传染性的 inferior 低人一等的 infirm （身体）弱的influential 有影响力的 ingrain 根深蒂固的inhumane 不人道的 initially 首先 innocent 多管闲事的inquisitive 有害无益insalubrious 有教育意义的instructive 智力的 intellectual 中间的；过渡的interim 人际关系的interpersonal 密切的 intimate 不可侵犯的inviolable 内在的 inward 不可挽回的irreparable 不可抵抗的irresistible 不可挽回的irritating 恼人的 isolated (from) 隔绝的laudable 可赞誉的 lavishly 大方的 legitimate 合法的 loyal 忠诚的 luxurious 奢侈的magnanimous 宽宏大量的mature 成熟的 misleading 误导的misrepresented 不如实叙述的money-oriented 向钱看的multilateral 对方面的nourished 有营养的 obscure 晦涩的 old-fashioned/out of date 过时的palatable 美味的