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初二英语情态动词教案

初二英语情态动词教案
初二英语情态动词教案

情态动词

初中阶段学习的情态动词主要有can/could,may/might,must,have to,shall/should,will/would,need,dare,be able to等。

can 表示能力,意为“能会”

表示推测,意为“可能”,常用于否定句和疑问句中

表示请求,允许,意为“可以”

could can 的过去式,意为“能、会”,表示过去的能力

在疑问句中表示委婉请求

may 表示请求、许可,意为“可以”

表示推测,常用于肯定句中,意为“可能、也许”

might may的过去式

表示推测,常用于肯定句中,意为“ 可能、也许”

must 表示主观看法,意为“必须、应该”

表示有把握的推测,用语肯定句

Need 表示需要、必须,主要用于否定句和疑问句中

dare 表示敢于,主要用于否定句和疑问句中

should 意为“ 应该”,表示要求和命令

表示劝告、建议

had better 意为“最好”,表示建议

used to 意为“过去常常,表示过去的动作、行为

1.Can

(1)能够,会(表体力和智力方面具有的能力,可与be able to互换),如:

Can you draw horses?(智力方面)你会画马吗?

We can go skating.(体力方面)我们会滑冰。

(2)可能(表客观的可能性或推测,用于否定句和疑问句),如:

You can't be wrong.(可能性)你一定没错。

(3)表示非正式的请求或许可,此时可与may互换,但may更为正式。如:

Can/May l borrow your book?我可以借一下你的书吗?

2. could的用法

(1)can的过去式,意为“ 能、会” ,表示过去的能力。如:

He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。

(2)但当could出现在句首引导问句时,通常不做过去式,而表达委婉的请求或建议,此时could 没有过去式的意思。如:

Could you do me a favour? 你能帮我个忙吗?

---Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的钢笔吗?

--Yes, you can. 可以。

3.can 和be able to

两者表示能力时用法相同,但can 只有原形“can” 和过去式“ could ”两种形式,在其他时态中要用be able to 来表示。另外be able to 常常指经过努力,花费了时间和劳力之后才能做到某事。如:

Jim can?t speak English. 吉姆不会说英语。

He could speak English at 5. 他五岁时就会说英语。

We?ll be able to see him next week.下星期我们将会见到他。

He has been able to drive. 他已经会开车了。

I … m sure you …ll be able to finish it quickly.

我相信你能迅速地完成。

We were able to reach the top of the mountain at noon.

我们能在中午到达山顶。

4.May

(1)表许可,用于陈述句。如:

You may go home now.你现在可以回家了。

(2)表正式的请求或许可,用于一般疑问句。回答may提出的问题,肯定形式为Yes,

please./Yes,you may.否定形式为No,you mustn't/No,you can't.如:

May I use your computer?No,you can't.

我可以用一下你的电脑吗?不,不可以。

(3)或许,大概(表可能性,用于陈述句,语气没有must强烈,只有百分之五十的可能性),

如:

He may come tomorrow.他明天可能会来(不太有把握)。

----_______ I borrow your MP3?

-----Sure . Here you are.

A. May

B.Should

C.Must

D. Would

5.must与have to

(1)must意为“必须,应当”,侧重于说话者的主观看法和认识,其否定式mustn't表示“禁

止,不允许”。在由must构成的一般问句中,肯定回答“Yes,主语+must”,否定回答“No,主语+needn't/don't have to”。如:

We must keep our classroom clean.我们必须保持教室干净。

You mustn't smoke here.你不可以在这吸烟。

Must I go to school today?Yes,you must./No,you needn't.

今天我必须去上学吗?是的,你必须去。/不,你不必去。

(2)have to指在客观条件下,迫使主语“不得不”做某事,它有人称、数及时态的变化,在情态动词中有点特别。如:

I have to do my homework first.

我不得不先完成家庭作业(虽然不情愿)。

Do you have to stay at home? Yes,I do./No,I don't.

你不得不待在家里吗?是的,我必须。/不,我不用。

(3)must意为“肯定,一定”,表说话人对事物的肯定推测,有百分之百的把握。如:

He must be at work.他肯定在上班(非常有把握)。

(4)must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时,must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。

You have worked hard all day.You must be tired.你辛苦干一整天,一定累了。(对现在情况的推测判断)

He must be working in his office. 他一定在办公室工作呢。

比较:

He must be staying there.

他现在肯定呆在那里。

He must stay there.

他必须呆在那。

3) must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时,must 要接完成式。

I didn't hear the phone. I must have been asleep.我刚才没有听到电话,我想必是睡着了。

4) must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测,must 后面要接不定式的完成进行式。

---Why didn't you answer my phone call

---Well, I must have been sleeping, so I didn't hear it.

5) 否定推测用can't。

If Tom didn't leave here until five o'clock, he can't be home yet.如果汤姆五点才离开这儿,他此时一定还未到家。

6.will和would

注意:

1)would like;Would like to do = want to 想要,为固定搭配。

Would you like to go with me

2)Will you… Would you like…表示肯定含义的请求劝说时,疑问句中一般用some, 而不是any。

Would you like some cake

3)否定结构中用will,一般不用would, won't you是一种委婉语气。

Won't you sit down

7.shall和will

(1)shall一般用于第一人称,用于征求意见,提出建议。will表示“意愿,决心”,可

用于任何人称。如:

Shall we go to the Zoo?我们去动物园,好吗?

I will try my best to help you.我将尽力帮助你。

(2)should是shall的过去式,但should也可用原形,表示“应当,应该”,此时可与

ought to互换。如:

We should hand in our homework on time.我们应该按时交作业。

8.should的用法

(1)should 意为“应该” ,可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。如:

We should protect the environment. 我们应该保护环境。

(2)should (would)like to do sth. 表示“想要、愿意做某事”,常用于口语中。如:

I should (would) like to go with you . 我愿意和你一起去。

Would you like to go with me? 你想和我一起去吗?

(3)Should have done 表示对过去动作的责备、批评。如:

You should have finished your homework.

你应该已经完成作业了。(事实上你没有完成。)

9..need和dare

need表“需要”,dare表“敢于”,都是“双栖词”。它们既可做情态动词,也可做行为动词。用做情态动词时,它们只能用于疑问句,否定句或条件状语从句中;在肯定句中只能用做实义动词,后接名词,用动词不定式(主动含义)或动词现在分词的形式(被动含义)。

1)用作情态动词

--Need I come? --Yes, you must. --我需要来吗? --需要。

You needn?t telephone him now.你现在不必打电话给他。

I don?t think you need worry.我想你不必发愁。

She dare not go out alone at night. 她晚上不敢一个人出去。

How dare you say I?m unfair?你竟敢说我不公平?

Not one of them dared mention this. 他们谁也不敢提这件事。

2)用作实义动词

My bike needs repairing.我的自行车需要修理了(被动含义)。

Tom needs to relax.汤姆需要放松(主动含义)。

You don?t need to do it yourself.你不必亲自做这件事。

We need to tell them the news. 我们需要把这消息告诉他们。

The table needs painting (to be painted.). 桌子需要油漆一下。

We should dare to give our own opinion. 我们要敢于提出自己的观点。

He did not dare (to) look up. 他不敢抬头看。

I dare day he?ll come again.我想他会再来的。

(I dare say…为固定习语)

10.may和might

1)表示允许或请求;表示没有把握的推测;may 放在句首,表示祝愿。

May God bless you!

He might be at home.

注意:might 表示推测时,不表示时态。只是可能性比may 小。

Peter ___come with us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.

A. must

B. may

C. can

D. will

11.表示推测的用法

can, could, may, might, must 皆可表示推测,其用法如下:

1)情态动词+动词原形。

表示对现在或将来的情况的推测,此时动词通常为系动词。

I don't know where she is, she may be in Wuhan.

2)情态动词+动词现在进行时。

表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。

At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our exam papers.

这时,我们老师想必在批改试卷。

3)情态动词+动词完成时。

The road is wet. It must have rained last night.

地是湿的,昨天晚上一定下雨了。

4)情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时。

表示对过去正在发生事情的推测。

Your mother must have been looking for you.

你妈妈一定一直在找你。

5)推测的否定形式,疑问形式用can't, couldn't表示。

Mike can't have found his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.

迈克一定还没有找回他的车,因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。

注意:could, might表示推测时不表示时态,其推测的程度不如can, may。

12.含有情态动词的疑问句

1. 由can、may、must构成的疑问句

(1)句式:Can/ May/ Must…+ 主语+动词原形+….?如:

Can you repair the car? 你会修小汽车吗?

Could he be a good student? 他能是名好学生吗?

May I borrow your ruler? 我可以借你的尺子吗?

Must we clean the room now?我们必须现在打扫房间吗?

(2)对may 引出的问句,可以有下列回答方式:

Yes, of course.

Yes, certainly.

Sure .

No, you mustn?t.

No, you can?t.

(3)对need,must引出的疑问句,回答方式为:

Yes, …must.

No,… needn?t/ don?t have to.

2. will,would,shall 的用法

(1)will 在一般疑问句中表示客气的“请求、劝说”。would 是will 的过去式,语气更加客气、委婉。如:

Would you show me your picture book? 你能让我看看你的画册吗?

Will you please give me a call? 请给我打个电话好吗?

(2)对will/ would you…的回答方式有以下几种:

Yes, I will. (No, I won?t.)

Sure . (I?m sorry , I can?t.)

All right.

Certainly. (No, thank you .)

Yes, please.

例---Would you do me a favour and pass on my thanks to Lily?

-----________.

A.That?s right

B.With pleasure

C.It doesn?t matter

D.No trouble

(完整)初中英语情态动词练习题及答案

( )1 John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet. A. may B. can C. has to D. Must 2 They ___ do well in the exam. A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to 3 —May I take this book out? —No, you___. A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't 4 You___ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever. A. can B. must C. dare D. would 5 —Can you speak Japanese? —No, I____. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not 1. – He___ be in the classroom, I think —No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may; mustn't 2 —Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad? —Thanks, but you___, I've had enough. A. may not B. must not C. can't D. needn't 3 Even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, so it be very difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need 4 He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to 5 ___ I take this one? A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do 1 The children___ play football on the road. A. can't B. can C. mustn't D. must 2 You ___ be late for school again next time. A. mustn't B. needn't C. don't have to D. don't need to 3 —Must I do my homework at once? —No, you___. A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not 1 His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor. A. has not to B. don't have to C. haven't to D. doesn't have to 2 He had to give up the plan, ___ he? A. did B. didn't C. does D. doesn't 3 They had to walk here, ___ they? A. mustn't B. did C. didn't D. hadn't 1 He had better stay here, ___ he? A. doesn't B. don't C. hadn't D. isn't 2 You'd better___late next time. A. not to be B. not be C. won't be D. don't be 3 You'd better ___ your hair ___ once a month. A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted 4 You___ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way. A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not 1 —Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday? —________ A. Here you are B. Sorry, I can't C. Yes, please D. Let me try 2 —Why don't you ask Mike to go with us? —Thanks, ___. A. I will B. I won't C. lean D. I may 3 —___ I take the newspaper away? —No, you mustn't. You____read it only here. A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must 1 Excuse me. ___ you please pass me that cup? A.Do B. Should C. Would D. Must 2 ___ you like to have another try? A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do 3 —Would you like to go boating with us? —Yes, ___. A. I'd like B. I want C. I'd like to D. I do 1 You___ worry about your son. He will get well soon. A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't D. have to 2 The poor man needs our help, ___ he? A. need B. needn't C. does D. doesn't 3 —Must we do our homework first? —No, you___. You may have a rest first. A. mustn't B. needn't C. may not D. can't 1. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _______ for her. A. had to write it out B. must have written it out C. should have written it out D. ought to write it out 2. —There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. —It _______ a comfortable journey. A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been 3. It’s nearly seven o’clock. Jack _______ be here at any moment. A. must B. Need C. should D. can 4. Johnny, you _______ play with the knife, you _______ hurt yourself.

高考英语情态动词专题复习

情态动词精品学案 情态动词解读: ①本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词。 ②不能单独作谓语。 ③和其他动词原形构成谓语。 ④谓语动词之前。 ⑤无人称和数的变化。 ⑥否定式构成是在情态动词后面加“not”。 ⑦个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式,过去式可以用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气,时态性不强,可用于过去,现在或 将来。 经典例句: We can be there on time tomorrow. 我们明天能按时去那儿。 May I have your name? 我能知道你的名字吗? Shall we begin now? 我们现在就开始吗? How dare you treat us like that! 你怎么敢那样对待我们! We can't carry the heavy box. 我们搬不动那箱子。 情态动词考点: 1.情态动词表示推测。 2.情态动词的基本用法。 3.情态动词的答语。 1 / 17

常见情态动词: 情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。 情态动词的基本用法: 一、can, could 1) 表示能力(体力、知识、技能)时,等于be able to 。 a)Can you lift this heavy box?(体力) b)Are you able to lift this heavy box? c)Mary can speak three languages.(知识) d)Is Mary able to speak three languages? e)Can you skate?(技能) 此时可用be able to代替。 2) can表示请求和允许。 -----Can I go now? ----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. 此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could, might代替,不是过去式,只是语气更委婉,不能用于肯定句和答语中。(特别注明:这是在表示请求和允许的时候。) ---- Could I come to see you tomorrow? ---- Yes, you can. (No, I’m afraid not. ) can't在否定句中可以表示命令,不允许,但是语气比mustn't弱,具有劝慰的意思. 3)can表示“有时会”: A kind person can lose temper sometimes. 4)表示与五种感官和知觉的动词连用。 I can hear/ see you clearly from here. You can imagine how annoyed she was ! 2 / 17

初中英语情态动词的基本用法讲解

初中英语情态动词的基本用法讲解 1. can (could) 1)表示能力,could 主要指过去时间。 Two eyes can see more than one. 两只眼比一只眼看得清。 Could the girl read before she went to school? 这女孩上学前能识字吗? 2)表示可能(理论上或是逻辑判断上)。 The temperature can fall to —60 °C , that is 60 °C below freezing. 气温可降至一60 C,也就是零下60 C。 He can't (couldn't) have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。 You mustn't smoke while you're walking around in the wood. You could start a fire. 在林子里走时勿吸烟,那样可能会引起火灾。 3)表示允许。 Can I have a look at your new pen? 我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗? He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading-room. 他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。 4)表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。 Where can (could) they have gone to? 他们会去哪儿了呢? He can't (couldn't) be over sixty. 他不可能超过六十岁。 How can you be so careless? 你怎么这么粗心? 5)比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。 Can (Could) you lend me a hand? 帮我一把好吗? I' m afraid we couldn 't give you an answer today. 恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。 2. may (might) 1)表允许,might 可以指过去时间,也可指现在时间,语气更委婉。 You may take whatever you like. 你喜欢什么就拿什么。 He told me that I might smoke in the room. 他告诉我可以在房间里抽烟。 May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗? 在回答以may引起的问句时,多避免用这个词,而用其它方式,如Yes, please. / Certainly. / Please don' t ./ You' d better not. / No, you mustn ' t.等,以免显得太严峻或不客气。 2)表可能(事实上)。可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,但语气更加不肯定。 He may be at home. 他可能在家。 She may not know about it. 她可能不知道这件事。 He was afraid they might not agree with him. 他担心他们可能不同意他的意见。 They might be having a meeting, but I ' m not sure. 他们有可能在开会,不过我不肯定。 3. must 1)表示义务。意为“必须” (主观意志)。 We must do everything step by step. 我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。 You mustn' t talk to her like that. 你不可能那样对她说话。 --Must we hand in our exercise —books now? 我们现在就要交练习本吗? --No, you needn' t. / No, you don' t have to. 不必。(这种情况下,一般不用mustn' t)2)表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等,只用于肯定句。

高考英语情态动词讲解

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情态动词 一、考点、热点回顾 【词汇辨析】 1.sometimes/ some times/sometime/ some time: sometimes: “有时”=at times. He is sometimes late for school. some times: “几次” I have been to Nanjing some times. sometime: “某一时刻” I bought it sometime last spring. We’ll meet again sometime next week. some time: “一段时间” We have to stay here for some time. 2. many/ much/ a few/ a little/ few/ little (1)many修饰可数名词,much修饰不可数名词;都表示许多。例如: 许多书许多牛奶 (2)a few和a little都表示"有一点儿",侧重于肯定,相当于"some",但 a few修饰可数名词, a little修饰不可数名词,例如: He has a few friends in London. ---Would you like some coffee? ---Yes, just a little. (3)few和little表示"几乎没有",侧重否定。few后接可数名词,little后接不可数名词。例 如: He is a strange man. He has few words. Hurry up, there is little time left. 【固定搭配】加-ing be busy doing sth.忙于做…… eg: Mother is busy cooking. look forward to + doing sth. 期待做…… eg: Tom l ooks forward to seeing his father again. Thank you for (doing) sth. 为了…感谢你 eg: Thank you for your help. have fun doing sth愉快地做某事 eg: I had great fun playing in the water. =have a good time doing sth eg: I had a good time playing in the water. have problem/trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth.做某事有困难 eg: I have difficulty finishing my homework in 2 hours. 【情态动词】又叫情态助动词。它们具有以下特点: ⑴ 它们必须与其他动词连用,即:情态动词+动词原形 表示说话人对所述动作的看法,如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等。 ⑵绝大多数情态动词没有人称和数的变化,即第三人称单数不加-s (以be和have 开头的情态动词短语除外)。 ⑶ 在意义上,情态动词具有“多义性”。 例:can既可表示能力,又可表示可能、允许等意义。 【情态动词的基本用法】

最新初中英语语法知识—情态动词的全集汇编及答案(1)

一、选择题 1.— May I have some wine? — No, you . You have to drive home later. A.shouldn't B.needn't C.mustn't D.may not 2.—Have you heard about the temperature of the earth will rise to 59℃ in 2020?—Don’t worry! The news _______ be true. A.must not B.may not C.needn’t D.will not 3.I’ve bought a nice necklace for Jo’s birthday. She _____like it, but I’m not sure. A.can B.may be C.might D.must 4.—Is that Kate’s green bike? —It ____________be hers. She likes pink. A.can’t B.could C.mustn’t D.might 5.—Jenny, you _________ push your way onto the bus. —I’m really sorry about it. A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.may not 6.From March 23rd, 2013, anyone under the age of 14 ________ go into Disneyland alone. A.couldn’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.mightn’t 7.—Can I take some milk and biscuits to the reading room? —No, our school has a rule that students _______ eat or drink there. A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.may not 8.—Sorry, Ms Wang. I left my homework at home. Must I hand it in today? —No, you_______ . You_______ bring it here tomorrow. A.mustn’t; should B.needn’t; must C.mustn’t; may D.needn’t; can 9.The milk tastes bad. You’d better_______. A.throw it away B.to throw it away C.throw them away D.to throw them away 10.— I wonder if these are Jim's glasses. —They _____his. He doesn't wear glasses. A.might be B.could be C.can't be 11.It is 11:00 p.m now. Peter hasn't come back yet. His mother ______ be very mad at him. A.may B.can C.must D.need 12.---You look very pretty, if I say so. ---Thanks a lot for saying that. A.must B.may C.will D.have to 13.It’s raining all day, so I ________ stay at home. A.can’t B.has to C.have to 14.— Must I finish the homework now? — .You can do it later.

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