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基础英语2 复习题

Directions:match the word in column A with an appropriate explanation from column B. Column A Column B

_______1. encounter A). help

_______2. recognize B). express

_______3. assistance C). realize

_______4. conflict D). importance

_______5. ignore E). meet

_______6. emphasis F). way

_______7. emerge G). appear

_______8. assume H). pay no attention to

_______9. manner I). think

_______10. convey J). disagreement

Column A Column B

_______1. capable A). disabled

_______2. brilliant B). dependable

_______3. security C). able

_______4. factual D). cause

_______5.mistakenly E). sincerely

_______6. Lead to F). excellent

_______7. appropriately G). suitably

_______8. genuinely H). true

_______9. trustworthy I). wrongly

_______10. crippled J). safety

Directions: complete the sentences with correct words given in the table. Fill in the blanks with the letters in front of each word. Each word can be used once.

1)They had great_______ for their daughter, but she didn’t really live up to them.

2)The problem with Luis is that he doesn’t know his _________ ---he just assumes he can do

everything.

3)No one doubts her _________ for the job.

4)She was so proud of her __________ of learning Russian that she rewarded herself with a trip

to Moscow.

5)The meeting was called in ___________ to a request from India.

6)From the newspaper article, we gained a(an)___________awareness of other people’s

problems.

7)He was well-known for his violent and threatening____________.

8)To his great___________ he failed to get the job.

9)His __________ to his dog by beating and not feeding it is sad.

10)Jane’s __________on Mike for a ride to work was a problem when Mike took a vacation.

b). Directions: complete the sentences with correct words given in the table. Fill in the blanks with the letters in front of each word. Each word can be used once.

1)Failing the final exams was a _________ disappointment for me.

2)You are very_________ to have found such a pleasant house.

3)You’d be hopeless looking after children---you don’t have enough __________.

4)The queen’s visit was a _________occasion.

5)He was very _________ to go, but he had no choice.

6)The explosion did a great deal of damage to the __________ of the building.

7)The store has a special department to handle customer__________.

8)He was __________ of his brother because the latter could afford to give so much.

9)Do you think you are more___________than your parents were at your age?

10)The______________ of his ambitions made him a bitter man.

Reading Comprehension

Passage One

Jack Billabong is a stockman. One Friday afternoon he was riding along the track towards the Henderson farm. He was looking for a prize bull which had escaped from the Borrogee paddock. He reached the hills and saw at once that he could not go further.

There had been a fire in the forest which had gone out. But the air was still full of smoke and fallen trees had blocked the track. Jack was just going to turn back when he saw something moving in the smoke. He waited. It was a girl on a horse, and she was riding towards him. ―There’s a badly burnt man on the farm,‖ the girl shouted. ―He saved my life. Please help me to save him.‖

The girl was Cathy Henderson. She had been on horseback for two hours. She had to jump over fallen trees that were still burning. Her pony had fallen with her twice. She was thirsty and almost dead from want of sleep. But she rode back to the farm with Jack immediately.

Joe Brook was unconscious when they reached him. They lifted him onto Jack’s horse. The ride back to Borrogee was terrible. Cathy was so tired that Jack had to tie her to her pony. The pony was tired too, but its courage was astonishing. It followed Jack right to Borrogee Hospital. Nobody saw them arrive because it was right.

―I’ve never seen a horse like that pony,‖ Jack said. Cat hy praised Jack Billabong, but she refused to say anything about the pony, ―Joe will write about her in his history,‖ she said.

But she did say one thing: ―If flame hadn’t returned to the farm that afternoon, Joe and I would have died.‖

1.Jack Billabong did not turn back because ___________.

A.he hadn’t found the bull yet

B.he smelt a heavy smoke in the forest

C.he knew there was a burnt man there

D.he saw something moving towards him

2.Why was the ride back to Borrogee terrible?

A.Because Joe was tired out.

B.Because the ride started late at night.

C.Because they didn’t have enough courage.

D.Because both Cathy and her pony were exhausted.

3.Cathy refused to talk to reporters about the pony when she was in Borrogee Hospital because

___________.

A.she didn’t know what to say

B.Jack asked her not to talk to them

C.She was too weak to say anything

D.Joe would write about it in his writing

4.What does the word ―flame‖ in the last paragraph refer to?

A.Jack.

B. The pony.

C. Jack’s horse.

D. The fire.

5.Which of the following is the best title of the story?

A.Rescue of Joe Brook.

B. Courage of Jack Billabong.

B.Love of a Young Girl. D. Heroism of a Lovely Pony.

Passage Two

I came across an old country guidebook the other day. It listed all the tradesmen in each village, and it was impress ive to see the past variety of services which were available on one’s own doorstep in the late Victorian countryside.

Nowadays a traveler in rural England might conclude that the only village tradesmen still flourishing were either selling frozen food to the villages or selling antiques to visitors. Nevertheless, this would really be a false impression. On the surface, there has been a decline of village commerce, but its power is still remarkable.

Our local grocer’s shop, for example, is actually exp anding in spite of the competition from supermarkets in the nearest town. Women sensibly prefer to go there and exchange the local news while doing their shopping, instead of queuing up at a supermarket. And the grocer knows well that personal service has a considerable cash value.

His prices may be a bit higher than those in the town, but he will deliver anything at any time. His assistants think nothing of bicycling down the village street in their lunch hour to take a piece of cheese to an old retired woman who sent her order by word of mouth with a friend who happened to be passing. The richer customers telephone their shopping lists and the goods are on their doorsteps within an hour. They have only to hint at a fancy for some commodity outside the usual stock and the grocer, a red faced-figure, instantly obtains it for them.

6.Nowadays the commercial services in the village are _________.

A. still very active

B. quickly declining

C. unable to flourish

D. personal to visitors

7. The local grocer’s shop is expanding because___________.

A. the competition there is weak

B. it is a place for women to chat

C. it provides good personal service

D. the goods there are more valuable

8. Which of the following is true about the supermarkets?

A. Prices there are much higher.

B. Customers often have to queue up.

C. Customers can order by telephone.

D. Their personal services are satisfactory.

9. How do the village grocer’s assistants feel about giving extra service?

A. They don’t think it a trouble.

B. They don’t think it worthwhile.

C. They don’t consider it a good deal.

D. They don’t consider it a pleasant experience.

10. One special feature of the village shop is that _________.

A. there is a very wide range of goods available

B. customers can order goods by word of mouth

C. customers have to order goods one hour earlier

D. there is a list of goods to be delivered to doorsteps

Passage Three

Most Americans are very conscious of their health and try to maintain a nutritious diet and daily routines to maintain good health. Yet, for many years the tobacco and liquor industries have tried to project the image of style and fashion for those who use their products.

Most have learned, however, that the dangers caused to health by tobacco and alcohol can no longer be denied or ignored. The campaigns to alert the public to the evils of these two social drugs have been intense and effective. However, most people dislike being warned that they shouldn’t do somethi ng. It is a kind of psychological resistance.

Yet, all tobacco and liquor products must now contain a warning on the package. The warning is simple, but the message is clear: smoking and drinking are hazardous to health. The wording may vary, but it is phrased in such a way as to draw the attention of the customer to the danger. On TV all tobacco advertising is legally banned, and every ad in a magazine must display warning. There are many public notices on trains and buses giving out the warning that smoking is linked to lung cancer and other lung and heart diseases.

The warning against alcohol consumption is of a different kind. It goes out especially to women who are pregnant and anyone who is operating a car or electrical machinery. A pregnant woman can cause damage to her baby by drinking alcohol. Also anyone operating a machine runs the risk of an accident which could be fatal. Such warnings appear on all wine bottles and even an apparently harmless can of beer.

11. Tobacco and liquor ads try to make people believe that smoking and drinking will

___________.

A. make them look fashionable

B. help them keep a nutritious diet

C. make them conscious of their health

D. show their healthy images to others

12. In the case of smoking and drinking, most people__________.

A. ignore the campaigns against them

B. are aware of the dangers they cause

C. do not really believe their dangers

D. participate in campaigns against them

13. It can be inferred from the passage that the campaign against smoking is _________.

A. short-lived

B. long-standing

C. widespread

D. well organized

14. Tobacco advertising is __________.

A. popularized

B. restricted

C. banned

D. disliked

15. Warnings against drinking are usually directed at _________.

A. civilians

B. car drivers

C. young people

D. some groups of people

Passage Four

Today, there is no such thing as a ―typical‖ college student. People of all ages are enrolled in colleges. Though the concept of college may be the same for all students, the stress and future goals are different. The college students most people think of usually range in age from 18-21, and are most often away from home for the first time. As a result, they now have choices and no parent to tell them what to do. They are responsible for their own lives, needing to learn to manage their time and find a job, while attending school. They enter this new world with the anticipation of freedom, fun and a good job after graduation.

The new faces in the college are usually 30 years old or older, and are returning to school after several years away. They are starting their college education, after raising a family and are now ready to do something for themselves. Their lives are considerably different from their younger classmates. Thy have been on their own for a while, and are concerned about family, responsibilities, work, and the adjustment of being back in school after some years. Most important to them are the hopes of a new career or a job promotion after they graduate.

Though they may come to college for different reasons, the result is the same. It is their chance to make a better life for themselves or their families. As the younger generation is looking for freedom in their lives, those who are returning to school also see freedom. The same opportunities were not available 20 years ago.

So in our colleges and universities, there is a new sense of hope and dreams. Where once stood only the youth of our future, they are now joined by people of all ages who share the dreams of a better life.

16. The passage is mainly concerned with the change of __________.

A. college administration

B. college students

C. college courses

D. college life

17. In the past college students usually__________.

A. lived with their parents

B. found good jobs easily

C. had much time to spare

D. had no burden of raising a family

18. College students of the new type __________.

A. enjoy freedom once again

B. are worried about their parents

C. aim at a new job or promotion

D. study harder than other students

19. One thing that the younger and older college students share is _________.

A. their hope for a better life

B. equal job opportunities

C. their future plans

D. chances to get promotion

20. The author seems to approve of _________.

A. college students raising a family

B. college students living on their parents

C. older people going back to college

D. the students’ struggle for freedom

Passage Five

Most personal managers agree that job interviews are one of the least objective recruitment methods. But the advantages of testing are not going to change the attraction of the interview to employers. The appeal of the interview has everything to do with the human factor.

Most people believe that they are a reasonable judge of character and trust their instinctive feelings. We might use some kind of test to aid the selection of process, but we usually pick a candidate lies or is less than completely honest. ―This can be a serious problem for employers,‖ explains Alan Conrad, Chief Executive at Optimus Recruitment. ―The most difficult liars to find are those who tell half truths rather than complete lies.‖ Research shows that up to 75 percent of resumes are inaccurate on purpose. The most common practice is omission.

Interviewer should therefore concentrate on areas of uncertainty such as gaps between periods of employment and job descriptions that s eem strange. ―Focusing on these areas will force candidates to tell the truth or become increasingly dishonest. This is usually when people signal their anxiety by their body language. Sweat on the upper lip, false smiles and nervous hand movements all ind icate discomfort.‖

Conrad does not suggest an aggressive policy-style interview technique, but insists that close inspection of a resume is absolutely essential. Only by asking the right questions can you confirm the suitability of the candidate or put pressure on those who are being less than completely honest.

1.The best title of this passage can be__________.

A.How to Catch Out the Dishonest Candidate

B.How to Find a Job by Tricks

C.Disadvantages of Job Interviews

D.Advantages of Job Interviews

2.The liars hard to recognize are those who tell__________.

A. complete truths

B. complete lies

C. partial truths

D. mainly truths

3. How were the job applicants able to lie without being detected?

A. By leaving out some necessary information.

B. By providing more information than needed.

C. By using their body language.

D. By telling some unbelievable lies.

4. In order to pick up a qualified and an honest candidate, Conrad suggests that we______.

A. examine the resumes carefully

B. inspect the candidates aggressively

C. correct the resumes intentionally

D. compare one’s resumes with others’

5. What is the author’s attitude towards job interview?

A. Most objective.

B. Too subjective.

C. Suspicious.

D. Credulous.

Passage Six

Our world is wonderful with birds that are absolutely amazing and unbelievable. One kind of such birds is the coot—a clumsy bird so unloved that its name implies something of an old fool. ―The bird has a remarkable ability to recognize and count its eggs,‖ says behavioral ecologist Bruce Lyon of the University of California at Santa Cruz. Coots need to be tricky because of the unusual way the animals compete: One coot will put its eggs secretly into another’s nest t o trick the host into raising the invader’s eggs. But nest owners use their wits to fight back, Lyon finds.

Over four summers, Lyon monitored 400 coot nests near Williams Lake in central British Columbia, tagging the eggs with a marker. Of these, 160 coot nests received eggs from unrelated coots. The hosts generally were not fooled, however. About half the time, coot parents rejected the strange eggs completely, usually by burying them deep in the nest. ―Foreign eggs were not disappearing by chance—and that can only mean the birds were recognizing them,‖ Lyon says. Apparently, the coots were alerted by the unfamiliar colors and patterns on the foreign eggs. In other cases, the parents pushed the foreign eggs to an unfavorable position at the border area of the nest, where there is less heat for hatching.

Even if a mother coot didn’t remove the foreign eggs from her nest, she continued to lay a normal hatch number of her own eggs, despite the apparent extra foreign eggs. Lyon thinks that means the coots someho w kept a count of both their own eggs and the suspicious ones. ―That coots can distinguish their own eggs from the foreign ones is a rare but very convincing example of counting in a wild animal world,‖ the ecologist concluded.

6.The meaning of the bird’s name ―coot‖ probably is ___________.

A. wonderful and amazing

B. unusual and remarkable

C. secret and unbelievable

D. old and silly

7. In the passage, ―foreign eggs ‖ refers to _________.

A. the eggs of the nest owners

B. the eggs of the invaders

C. the eggs from foreign countries

D. the eggs unable to be hatched

8. Which of the following is the particular way coots often compete?

A. To steal some eggs from other nests.

B. To put their own eggs into others’ nests.

C. To hatch other coots’ eggs.

D. To protect their own eggs.

9. Which would the nest owners do with the foreign eggs according to the passage?

I. Burying them deep in the nests.

II. Pushing them aside to an unfavorable area.

III. Hatching them as their own.

A.I only.

B. II only.

C. I and II.

D. I, II and III.

10. Which of the following is the particular ability the ecologist believes that the coot has?

A. To trick other coots.

B. To fight back the tricks.

C. To be alert to the foreign eggs.

D. To recognize and count its own eggs.

Passage Seven

It almost sounds unbelievable yet it is true. Research facts suggest that DNA, the basic

building block of life, could also be the basis of a powerful new generation of computers.

Computers store data in strings of digits made up of the numbers 0 and 1. Living things store information with molecules represented by the letters A, T, C and G. There were other similarities. Adleman, an American scientist, noticed and soon he was sketching out the basics of DNA computing. Those basic sketches have long since been replaced by hard science. Now, a handful of researchers are creating tiny biology-based computers, hoping to harness the power of life itself.

They call their creations ―machines‖ and ―devices‖. Really, they are nothing more than test tubes full of DNA-rich water. Yet they have managed to use this liquid to answer complex sums and spit out data.

The problems solved by DNA computers so far are, though, basic. But the researchers hope to someday inject the tiny computers into human to kill viruses, breathe life into dead cells, and otherwise keep us healthy.

They’re also hoping that the computers will be able to self-replicate and grow into processors so powerful they can handle prob lems too complex for any of today’s computers.

What these researchers are essentially trying to do is to control, predict and understand life itself. So, there’ little wonder that their machines are decades away from being useful.

U. S. scientists are developing a biology-based machine that doesn’t need hands on human help to compute. An Israeli scientist envisions (fit) programming tiny molecules with medical information and injecting them into people. He received a U.S. patent in 2001 for a ―computer‖ within a single droplet of water that uses DNA molecules as input/output, software and hardware.

―This clever use of DNA computation may eventually lead to practical applications, ‖ Adleman said.

11. What did the American scientist Adleman do according to the last sentence of the paragraph?

A. DNA, the basic building block of life.

B. Strings of digits symbolized by numbers 0 and 1.

C. Basic principles on a DNA computer.

D. DNA computer ready for use.

12. By ―they are nothing more than test tubes full of DNA-rich water‖ in Paragraph 3, the author

may mean that ___________.

A. they are simple test tubes

B. they look very simple but can function as a computer

C. they are simple test tubes full of water

D. they are containers full of DNA molecules

13. Which of the following is NOT included in the functions of the DNA computer researchers

expect to perform?

A. Virus killing.

B. Self-reproduction.

C. Injection of DNA computers.

D. The revival of dead cells.

14. For which of the following has the Israeli scientist received the U.S. patent in 2001?

A. His idea of medical use of DNA computer.

B. A single droplet of water with DNA molecules.

C. A prototype of DNA computer with expected functions.

D. A DNA computer for practical application.

15. The word ―self-replicate‖ is used in the context to mean________.

A. self-reproduce

B. self-repeat

C. self-respect

D. self-control

Passage Eight

Two separate studies last year confirmed that infants are a lot smarter than we thought they were.

In the first study, psychologist Marie Cheour and her colleagues at the University of Turku in Finland found that infants just two days old can distinguish something irregular in speech while they sleep. In an overnight experiment, 15 newborns slept while a computer played a common Finnish vowel repeatedly along with a sound that’s never used in Finnish. A second group of infants heard nothing; a third group heard non-speech sounds. The next morning, the researchers recorded the brain waves of all the groups as the computer played. Only those newborns exposed to the audio program of speech sounds during sleep showed a response to the different vowels, suggesting that they had learned to distinguish between the two kinds of sounds while they slept.

In a second study, developmental psychologist Gyorgy Gergely of the Hungarian Academy of Science in Budapest found that infants decide just how much to imitate. A 1988 study had shown that 14-month-old infants will imitate odd behavior – even the old act of turning on a special lamp by touching it with the head. Gergely decided to show two groups of infants that same act in two different contexts. When one group saw a woman turn on the lamp with her head while her hands were free, most imitated her. When another group saw the woman turn on the lamp with her head while using her hands to hold a blanket around her, most chose to turn on the lamp with their hands, not their heads. They evidently figured the demonstrator in the second setting used her head only because her hands were not free. ―It seems babies do a lot of figuring out of whether it is wise to imitate or not, based on their own situation,‖ Gergely says.

16. The purpose of the first study was to see whether the newborns could ________.

A. sleep well while listening to the sounds

B. know the difference in speech while sleeping

C. respond to speech sounds during sleep

D. learn to play a computer when they sleep

17. The brain waves showed that _________ had a response to the different vowel sounds.

A. only the first group

B. only the second group

C. only the third group

D. all the groups

18. The second study found out that the older babies ___________.

A. were taught to turn on the lamps with their hands

B. learned to turn on the lamps with their heads

C. learned to free their hands

D. could imitate strange behavior

19. The word ―demonstrator‖ near the end of Paragraph 3 refers to___________.

A. Marie Cheour

B. Gyorgy Gergely

C. the woman

D. the colleague

20. The two separate studies showed that babies are_________.

A. much smarter than we are

B. much smarter than they were thought of

C. quite clever to distinguish

D. very quick to imitate

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the expressions in brackets.

1.他的秘书没有告诉他那次会议的情况。（fail to）

2.我们得得出结论，她讲的是真话。（come to）

3.她瞪着我好像不认识我似的。（as if）

4.昨天我去牙科医生那儿将我的一颗蛀牙拔掉了。（pull out）

5.他确保同样的错误今后不再发生。（see to it that）

6.他走得慢是因为腿有毛病。（because of）

7.此时我发现自己被五六个男孩子围住了。（find oneself）

8.事物的发展从根本上讲是由内因决定的。（depend on）

9.我差点儿接受他的建议。（on the verge of）

10.学习语言不仅仅是记单词的问题。（a matter of）

Directions: Translate the following English sentences into Chinese.

1. He was severely crippled and very short, and when we walked together, his hand on my arm for balance, people would stare.

2. He never talked about himself as an object of pity, nor did he show any envy of the more fortunate or able.

3. It is not to be taken as if it were factual information.

4. He is willing to assist those children from the single-parent families to go back to school.

5. Although people are born to win, they are also born totally dependent on their environment.

6. More than I realized, Dad has helped me keep my balance.

7. He went to work sick, and despite nasty weather.

8. Speech is a means of conveying information.

9.A man’s literal translation of ―I don’t feel heard‖ leads him to take the woman’s complaint lightly.

10.Without guilt, he enjoys his own accomplishments. Without envy, he enjoys the accomplishments of others.

Directions:Write an article about your own father or mother in no less than 120 words.

write a composition on the topic “How to Avoid Misunderstandings”Your composition should have no less than 120 words.

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