高考英语《定语从句》专题复习

高考英语《定语从句》专题复习

解题思路

1.分清主句和从句。

2.看先行词是人还是物。

3.分析从句中缺少什么成分。

三步解题法

第一步“还原代入”：找出句中的先行词，并将其还原代入从句中，使从句成为一个完整的句子。

第二步“确定成分”：在从句中作主语、宾语等时用关系代词；作状语时用关系副词。

第三步“看指代”：关系代词指人或物；关系副词指时间、地点或原因。

四大注意点

1.what不能引导定语从句。

2.that不能引导非限制性定语从句。

3.定语从句中先行词表示地点、时间或原因时，引导词不一定是where，when或why。

4.逗号后面的引导词不一定用which。

1.We have entered into an age dreams have the best chance of coming true.

A.which

B.what

C.when

D.that

2.Their child is at the stage she can say individual words but not full sentences.

A.why

B.where

C.which

D.what

3.Self-driving is an area China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.when

4.She and her family bicycle to work，helps them keep fit.

A.which

B.who

C.as

D.that

5.Kate，sister I shared a room with when we were at college，has gone to work in Australia.

A.whom

B.that

C.whose

D.her

6.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme，one of purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.

A.which

B.its

C.whose

D.whom

7.The little problems we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.

A.that

B.as

C.where

D.when

8.My eldest son，work takes him all over the world，is in New York at the moment.

A.that

B.whose

C.his

D.who

诊断报告

解题方法

三法定关系词

1.先行词还原法

如果认为是定语从句，大家可以把前面的名词直接还原到从句中，如果此句意思通顺，并且句子结构正确，则为定语从句。

2.四看法

正确选择引导定语从句的关系词是学习定语从句的难点，大家可以在找出主句后使用“四看法”来正确解答试题：一看指人还是物；二看介词在何处；三看句中作何用；四看是否属特殊，这样就能准确判断关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分，如作主语、宾语、表语，需选择关系代词who，whom，that，which；如作定语，需选择whose，of which或of whom；如作状语，需选择关系副词when，why，where。

3.还原法定介词

“介词＋关系词”考查的重点在于“用不用介词”和“用什么介词”。因此在答题时考生必须注意解题思路。考生可采用“先行词还原法”将先行词还原到从句中来确定正确的介词，具体做法是：

(1)把先行词放在从句中，根据句子的意思来判断用不用介词和用什么介词。

(2)注意从句中动词、形容词、名词与介词的固定搭配。

考点1关系代词引导的定语从句

1.I was born in New Orleans，Louisiana，a city name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.

A.which

B.of which

C.that

D.whose

2.My friend showed me round the town，was very kind of him.

A.which

B.that

C.where

D.it

3.There is somebody waiting for you，I think might be one of your classmates.

A.who

B.whom

C.which

D.whoever

考点归纳

1.who和whom指人，who在定语从句中作主语；whom在定语从句中作宾语，在限制性定语从句中可省略。在口语中可用who代替whom。

2.whose指人或物，在定语从句中作定语，指物时常可用of which取代。

考点2关系副词引导的定语从句

1.The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere his employees enjoy their work.

A.where

B.which

C.when

D.who

2.Because of the financial crisis，days are gone local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.

A.if

B.when

C.which

D.since

3.The reason he refused to attend t he meeting was that they didn’t give him an invitation earlier.

A.how

B.why

C.which

D.that

考点归纳

1.关系副词when，where，why的先行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为reason)的名词，在从句中作状语。有时可用“介词＋which”结构替换。

(1)The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication，especially at work where a good impression is a must.

在日常交流中这本书对我帮助很大，尤其是在需要有良好印象的工作之中。

(2)I didn’t become a serious climber until the fifth grade，when I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.

直到五年级我才成为一个热衷攀爬的人，在那时我登高去拿下一个卡在树枝上的风筝。2.当先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，即使是表示时间、地点和原因的词仍用which/that。

3.当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如：point，situation，case，stage等，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句；如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。

考点3“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句

1.He wrote many children’s books，nearly half of were published in the 1990s.

A.whom

B.which

C.them

D.that

2.In our class there are 46 students，half wear glasses.

A.in whom

B.in them

C.of whom

D.of them

3.At last we reached a lonely village， a beautiful river.

A.in front of it lay

B.in front of which lay

C.in front of it laid

D.in front of which lied

考点归纳

1.若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。另外，whose 也可以放在介词后，即“介词＋whose＋名词”结构。

(1)I wish to thank Professor Smith，without whose help I would never have got this far.

我想要感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助，我永远不会走这么远。

(2)We are looking for the person to whom the book belongs.

我们正在寻找这本书的主人。

2.“介词＋关系词”结构中介词的选用

(1)一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：

①先行词的意义；

②从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配；

③句子的意思。

(2)表示“整体和部分关系”，介词常用of。常见结构：

①在some，any，few，little，none，all，both，neither，many，most，each等代词或数词的前、后可以用of which/whom。

②the＋比较级或最高级前、后用of which/whom等。

(3)有时“介词＋where”可以引导定语从句，此时要和“介词＋which”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。

考点4非限制性定语从句

1.Many people fixed their eyes on me when I made that silly mistake，made me rather embarrassed.

A.that

B.who

C.which

D.when

2.A lot of language learning，has been discovered，is happening in the first year of life，so parents should talk much to their children during that period.

A.as

B.it

C.which

D.this

考点归纳

关系代词as与which引导的非限制性定语从句，其先行词都可以是整个主句，指代主句的整个意思。但as和which具有不同的词义、句法和用法。

1.as意为“正如，像”。as引导的定语从句可以置于句首、句中或句尾。

(1)The famous magician Liu Qian，as we all know，is from Taiwan.

众所周知，著名魔术师刘谦来自台湾。

(2)As is often the case，girls like dolls while boys like guns.

女孩喜欢玩具娃娃而男孩喜欢枪，这是常见的情况。

2.which引导的定语从句在意义上近乎并列关系时，可以用and this，and that代替，常译为“这一点，这件事”等。它只能位于主句的后面。

(1)He changed his mind again，which(＝and this/that) made us all angry.

他又改变了主意，这使我们大家都生气了。

(2)She tore up my photos，which (＝and that) upset me.

她撕碎了我的照片，这使我很不安。

3.as有以下常见的“固定表达”：

as we all know 众所周知；as I can remember 正如我所记得的；as often happens 正如经常发生的那样；as we expect 正如我们预料的那样；as you see正如你所见；as was expected 正

如预料的那样；as can be seen 看得出来；as may be imagined 正如可以想象的那样；as has been said above 如上所述；as we all can see 正如我们都能看到的那样；as is often the case 情况常常如此；as everybody can do正如人人都能做到的那样。

1. famous British journalist Jeremy Paxman told BBC News，a journalist’s natural re sponse to anything is to ask “Who，What，Why，Where，and When”.

A.What

B.Which

C.That

D.As

2.No matter how small or unimportant what we are doing may seem，if we do it well，it may soon become the very step will lead us to better things.

A.that

B.which

C.what

D.where

3.The police are investigating the company，three of managers have already been arrested.

A.whose

B.that

C.which

D.where

4.This semester our school offers many optional courses for the students，appeals to many students.

A.each of which

B.all of whom

C.each of whom

D.all of which

5.He was educated at a local grammar school，he went on to Cambridge.

A.from which

B.after that

C.after which

D.from this

6.Success often comes to those have a clear goal and a strong will!

A.that

B.which

C.whom

D.who

7.The new buyer identified a dozen new sources for the material，proved to be reliable.

A.most of them

B.most of which

C.most of whom

D.most of those

8.Good parents turn every meal into a special occasion they can use to discipline their kids.

A.which

B.where

C.who

D.when

9.On the Double Ninth Festival，many old people will get together，talking about the people and the things they came across many years ago.

A.what

B.which

C.who

D.that

10.It is very important for children to have a harmonious school，teachers treat students like their own children.

A.why

B.that

C.which

D.where

强化练习

1.Bella, who is always cheerful, creates a friendly work atmosphere in her office every day,

_____ her colleagues find pleasant and relaxing.

A. where

B. which

C. when

D. that

2.We should end such a system ________ youth from low-income areas are less likely to

graduate college than youth from high-income areas.

A. that

B. which

C. where

D. what

3.As a champion team in the last World Cup, Germany's football team was loaded with too

much expectation from their fans in the group game _______ it lost the chance to go forward in this year's game.

A. that

B. as

C. when

D. where

4.Many people tend to buy things from big stores, ________ they believe the qualities are

good.

A. at which

B. of which

C. which

D. where

5.Music should be taught routinely in schools because of the benefits ______ can have on the

development of the brains of young children.

A. it

B. that

C. which

D. one

6.The owner offered me the second-hand house for 3,500,000 yuan, ________ he would never

compromise, and I had to give up.

A. on which

B. to which

C. with which

D. for which

7.There are few occasions for kids _______ they have the freedom to do what they want to do.

A. when

B. where

C. which

D. whom

8.Then the spokesman turned to other issues concerning people______are in respect of housing

price and medical treatment over the next few years.

A. of whom

B. of which

C. who

D. which

9.Not far from the street, there was a garden, _____ owner seated in it reading a book every

afternoon.

A. whose

B. its

C. which

D. that

10.Facebook, _______ the users visit for an average of 50 minutes a day, promises members:

"It's free and always will be."

A. whose

B. where

C. of which

D. to which

11.Young people who have got jobs may realize university lessons can’t be the only preparation

for all of the situations ________ appear in the working world.

A. where

B. when

C. that

D. what

12.It’s strongly advised that smokers not be allowed to smoke in any room ________ babies

currently occupy.

A. where

B. whose

C. that

D. as

13.More and more people prefer to live in the countryside, _______ appeal for them lies in the

quiet and slow-paced life.

A. who

B. which

C. whose

D. what

14.Our English teacher is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is not the young man

_____ he was fifteen years ago.

A. which

B. that

C. who

D. whom

15.Newly released data point to an increase in technology use among children _______ some

worry is changing the very nature of childhood.

A. why

B. where

C. which

D. who

16.I have never heard of such a sport ______ participants who use the most time are awarded

gold medals.

A. as

B. which

C. that

D. where

17.In our city there are several cultural squares, ______ many people can go to enjoy themselves

after supper.

A. in which

B. at which

C. to which

D. from which

18.The new lecture hall will be completed next month, ______ seats more than 1,000 students.

A. whose

B. where

C. when

D. which

19.—How can I get in touch with the travel agency, Robin?

—Just surf the Internet and then call one ________ the telephone number is provided.

A. with which

B. in which

C. of which

D. by which

20.We are frequently reminded that the standard, _____ other things are measured, is often

called the “gold standard”.

A. about which

B. against which

C. upon which

D. to which

21.There is a sense we are all to blame for the accident.

A. that

B. which

C. on which

D. in which

22.Giving is a universal opportunity _______ regardless of your age, profession, religion, and

background, you have the capacity to create change.

A. when

B. that

C. where

D. which

23.--- We will take the conditions into careful consideration ________ you have attached to this

contract.

--- Thanks. Hope for further cooperation

A. as

B. which

C. where

D. what

24. The course about Chinese food attracts over 100 students per year, ________ up to half are

from overseas.

A. in which

B. for whom

C. with which

D. of whom

25.That evening，______ I will tell you more about later，I ended up working very late.

A. that

B. which

C. what

D. when

26.Adolescent issues, _______ campus bullying is more common and severe, should be solved

by people from all walks of life.

A. whose

B. which

C. of which

D. of whose

27.The death of the closest relatives, _________almost every one of us has experienced, always

makes people feel bitter and unbearable.

A. as

B. who

C. which

D. the one

28.Most of the respondents said they failed to engage in the physical activities ______ the World

Health Organization recommends for promoting health.

A. where

B. that

C. when

D. what

29.She'll never forget her trip there ____ she first met her lifelong friend who married her two

years ago.

A. that

B. which

C. where

D. when

30.“I’d like to give my thanks to those _____ help my son was able to survive this terrible

disease,” said the woman on TV.

A. who

B. whose

C. with whose

D. with whom

31.Nowadays, more and more young ladies, ______ figures most are fine enough, are going on a

diet.

A. who

B. whose

C. of whose

D. of whom

32.With the help of the organization, she was able to secure the benefits, however small,

________ she was entitled under the law.

A. which

B. where

C. to which

D. of which

33.Speech is related to interaction between a mother and a child ________ the mother

recognizes the signals in the child's crying and smiling, and responds to him or her.

A. where

B. which

C. when

D. that

34.Currently, some countries still have no arrangement for dealing with suspects from other

countries ________ may have committed cybercrime.

A. what

B. which

C. whose

D. who

35.We will reform and improve the ways ______ vocational colleges conduct examinations and

enrollment, and this year achieve a large-scale expansion of one million in student

enrollments.

A. which

B. when

C. where

D. that

36.Past winners of the Nobel Prize in physics, ________ has now been awarded 210 times, have

been honored for their important discoveries.

A. who

B. what

C. that

D. which

37.The great pianist performed in the center of stage, ________ command the keys were

producing wonderful tunes.

A. at whom

B. at whose

C. in whom

D. in whose

38.Recently, a programmer criticized the “996” work schedule ______ employees work from 9

am to 9 pm, 6 days a week, with the prospect of ending up in an intensive care unit.

A. where

B. when

C. which

D. whose

39.—What do you think of the singing competition, The Voice of China?

—I think it is so wonderful a hit ______ most music fans are crazy about.

A. that

B. which

C. as

D. so

40.Please send us all the information ______ you have about the candidate for the position.

A. that

B. which

C. as

D. what

高考近5年全国卷真题语法专项-定语从句

定语从句 一．考点概述： 本考点是历年高考中考查的重点，主要考查关系代词(who, which,that,whose,whom)和关系副词（when, where, why）的用 法；考查形式：语法填空和短文改错；其次阅读理解和完型填空中长难 句的分析等 二．考点聚焦 功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语 位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后 例如： He is the man who studies in USA. 本句中涉及到三个概念： 1.先行词即 the man：被定语从句饰的词称为先行词 先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样 可作先行词。 2. 引导词即who:起连接的作用 引导词分两类：关系代词和关系副词 关系代词：who;which;that;whose;whom 关系副词：when;where;why 3.从句即studies in USA.：引导词之后的句子。 三．考点精讲 1. 关系代词 : who;which; that; whom; whose 其中关系代词who;which;that;whom用于后面的从句缺主语或宾语的情况 (1)who:指代先行词是人(可做从句的主语或宾语)

She is the girl who I teach in China.(从句缺宾语) That is the man who teaches us English.(从句缺主语) (2)which:指代先行词是物（做从句的主语或宾语） That is the book which I want.(从句缺宾语) There is a bird which stands in the building.(从句缺主语) (3)that: 指代先行词是人或物（做从句的主语或宾语） She is the girl who/that I teach in China.(从句缺宾语) There is a bird which/that stands in the building.(从句缺主语) (4)whom;指代先行词是人，但只用于从句是缺宾语的情况。 She is the girl who/whom I teach in China.(从句缺宾语) That is the man whom teaches us English.(从句缺主语,本句用whom是错误的) (5)whose:指代从句中缺定语的情况（表示所属关系） That is the building whose windows broke last night.(本句中的windows是属于 the building构成一种所属关系即缺少building’s) 2.关系副词：when;where;why(该三个词主要用于从句是不缺主语或是宾语的情况 即从句是个完整句) (1) when:指代先行词表时间如：time；month;year;occasion等(形式上等于介词 +which) I still remember the day when /on which I came to Beijing.(该从句是一个完整的句子，先行词是the day在从句中需要加个介词on来做状语的成分即I came to Beijing on the day) (2)where :指代先行词是地点的词如：place;house;school;也可以是模糊的词如：point;stage;work;situation等(形式上等于介词+which) That is the place where/in which I was born .(该从句I was born也是一个完整句，即不缺主语或宾语的，此时where可以换成in which) (3)why:指代先行词是表原因的词即：reason（形式上只能是等于for+which) That is the reason why/for which he was late for school.

高考英语专题短文改错二十篇1-20

1. Three friends and I was driving on a highway. While we were going at least 50 miles per hour, we passed over a car. It had broken down, stopped on the side of the road. My friend slows down, and pulled behind the other car. He got out of the car immediate and before I knew it he was helping the other person push the car down the road to a spot where wasn’t so close to the passing cars. From the way they were pushing the car, it looked as if my friend was pushing them all by himself. I thought my friend help a complete stranger like this was a great thing, but I won’t forget his good nature or character. 2. Dear Brad, I’m very glad to hear from you. In your last letter you ask about the post-80s in China. Actually I am the boy who belongs to this group. Comparing with our parents, life for us is getting much hard. The job market is tough and the house is expensively to afford. Now many girls prefer to marry with a man who owns a house an d a car. Therefore, I don’t think love built on house and cars is true love, and I doubt how long it will last. As a matter of fact, though situations are tough today, a lot of we post-80s are making great efforts live a good life. I believe we will have a nice future. Li Hua 3. Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, Some of us are having problems about our parents, as they often look into our school bags or read our diaries. I fully understand why we are comfortable about it, but it is no need to feel too sadly. Our parents are checking in our bags or diaries to make sure we’re not getting into troubles. They have probably heard of some horrible stories about other kids and thinking we might do the same. Or perhaps they just want to connect with us and are doing it all wrong. My suggestion is: Tell them we want them to trust us as many as we’d like to trust them. If you don’t think you can talk to them, write them a letter and leave it lie around --- they are bound to read it. Thank you! 4. We spend two weeks in London last year. We went there in the autumn .We think it is the best season to visit England. The weather is usually good but there aren’t too many tourists in October. We stayed in a small h otel in the West End .It was convenient as we did most of our traveling by foot. We went to look at the places where all tourists see. We saw Buckingham Palace and the National Gallery. We went to shopping in Oxford Street and spent too many money .What we liked most, though, was going to theatre. We don’t have the chance to see so wonderful plays at home .A lot of people say English food is very badly. We didn’t think so. It’s true that most of the restaurants are French or Italian or Chinese, but we had some very good meal.

高 考 状 语 从 句 考 点 复习要点

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