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2017年人教版八年级英语下册单元知识点归纳

Unit 1 W hat’s the matter?

一、重点短语归纳

1. foot---feet 脚 <复> tooth---teeth 牙齿 <复>

2. have a cold 感冒

3. have a stomachache 胃疼

4. have a sore back背疼

5. have a sore throat喉咙疼

6. have a fever发烧

7. lie down and (have a)rest 躺下休息have a rest 休息

8. hot tea with honey 加蜜的热茶9. see a dentist 看牙医see a doctor 看医生

10.drink lots of water多喝水11.lots of ,a lot of 许多；大量a lot

a lot of=lots of，可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词，一般用在肯定句中。：

a lot,是一个副词词组，跟动词连用；表示十分，很等意思；Thanks a lot.

12. have a toothache牙疼13. That’s a good idea好主意14. go to bed 去睡觉go to bed early 早上床睡觉15. feel well感到好 feel ill 感到不舒服

I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well我感觉不舒服. 16. start doing/ to do sth开始做某事

to do 是一件事情完成了，开始做另外一件事情

doing是原来的那件事情做到一半，现在又开始做了，是同一件事情。

17. two days ago两天前18. get some rest 多休息；休息一会儿

19. I think so我认为是这样20. be thirsty口渴21. be hungry 饥饿

22. be stressed out紧张23. listen to music听音乐24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式25. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医26. need to do sth 需要做某事

I have a toothache. I need to see a dentist. 我牙痛, 我需要去看牙医.

We need to keep our classroom clean. 我们需要保持教室的干净.

27. too much + 不可数名词太多的…

much too +形/副实在太…极其，非常

too many + 可数名词复数太多的…

28.be good for sth./ doing sth. 对……有益，对……有好处

be bad for sth./ doing sth. 对……有害

be good to 对…好

be good at =do well in 在……方面好，擅长

29.get good grades 取得好成绩

30.angry 用法be angry with sb生某人的气be angry at/ about sth 就某事生气

31.It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。It’s important to do sth . 做某事很重要。

32.balanced diet平衡饮食33.get tired 感到疲倦be/get tired

34.stay healthy 保持健康=keep healthy=keep in good health

35.He shouldn’t eat anything.=He should eat nothing. 他不应当吃任何东西.

36.give sb some advice给某人建议give advice 提出建议

advice 是不可数名词 a piece of advice 一则建议tak e one’s advice 采纳或听从某人的建议He gave me some good advice. 他向我提了一些很好的意见。

49.sleep 8 hours a night 每晚睡眠八小时get enough sleep 得到充足的睡眠

50.take medicine 吃药服药

I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold.因为感冒，我不得不一天吃三次药。

二固定结构

It’s +形容词+ for sb. + to do sth.

做某事对某人来说是…的。

It’s important to do sth .做某事很重要。

It’s important for me to eat a balanced diet.平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的.

It’s easy to do sth做某事是容易的。

It’s easy for us to find out the answer.找出答案对我们来说是容易的

三．重点句子

1.What’s the matter ? What’s the mater with you ? 你怎么啦？

=What’s the trouble with you?=What’s wrong with you?

I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache

2.That’s too bad. You should / shouldn’t…那太糟糕了. 你应该/不该…

You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor . He shouldn’t eat anything = He should eat nothing.他不应当吃任何东西.

3.I’m not felling well . 这里well表示身体状况，不能用good代替

I don’t feel well= I’m not feeling well 我感觉不舒服.

4.When did it start ? About two days ago . 什么时候开始的？大约两天前

5.I hope you fell better soon . 我希望你很快好起来

这里better是well的比较级

10.It’s easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and it’s important to eat a balanced diet .

有一个健康的生活方式很容易，饮食平衡是很重要的。

→ It’s easy to do sth . 做某事容易/ It’s important to do sth . 做某事重要

四．知识结构

1.情态动词should的用法

should是情态动词，它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。

情态动词没有人称和数的变化，意为"应该......"。

should（应当，应该）用于所有人称，表示劝告或建议。

eg. You should wait a little more.

你应该再多等一会儿。

--- I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厉害。

--- You should lie down and have a rest.你应该躺下，多喝水。

2.maybe与may be

1.maybe是副词，译为“也许、可能”，相当于“perhaps”。如：

Maybe he can answer the question.也许他能回答那个问题。

He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。

2.may be中的may为情态动词，译为“可能是......”。如：

He may be from the USA, too.他可能也来自美国。

She may be our English teacher.她可能是我们的英语老师

3.few、a few、little、a little的区别和联系：

1.few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；a few表示有肯定意思，有几个。例如：

He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。

There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。

2.little / a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。

a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。例如：

There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink?

我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？

4.not…until直到…(否定句) 才，动词为短暂性或瞬间性动词

She didn’t leave until we came.

He went shopping after he got up.

=He didn’t go s hopping until /before he got up.

……until/till直到···（肯定句）动词为延续性动词

We stayed here till/until 12 o’clock.

Unit 2 I'll help clean the city parks.

一．知识点：短语动词小结

常见短语动词结构有下面几种：

1.动词+副词如：give up 放弃turn off 关掉stay up 熬夜

这种结构有时相当于及物动词，如果其宾语是代词，就必须放在动词和副词之间，如果是名词，则既可插在动词和副词之间，也可放在短语动词后。

2. 动词+介词如：listen to 听look at 看belong to 属于这种结构相当于及物动词，后面跟宾语。

3. 动词+副词+介词如：come up with 提出，想出run out of 用完，耗尽

4. 动词+名词(介词) 如：take part in参加catch hold of 抓住

1.cheer (sb.) up使(某人)高兴、振作如：cheer me up 使我高兴clean up 打扫clean-up n. 打扫

2. homeless adj. 无家可归的 a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩

3. sick adj. 生病的作表语、定语ill adj. 生病的作表语，不能作定语

4. volunteer to do v. 志愿效劳、主动贡献volunteer n. 志愿者

5. come up with 提出想出=think up 想出catch up with 赶上追上

6. put off doing 推迟做某事put on 穿上(指过程) put up 张贴

7. write down 写下记下8. call up 打电话make a telephone call 打电话

10. set up 成立建立The new hospital was set up in 2000. 这座医院是在2000年成立的。

11. each 每个各自的强调第一个人或事物的个别情况常与of 连用

every 每个每一个的一切的则有“全体”的意思不能与of 连用

12. put …to use 把… 投入使用，利用

They put the new machine to use. 他们把新机器投入使用

13. help sb. (to) do 帮助某人做某事help him (to) study

help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事help him with English

help do 帮助做某事help study

14. plan to do 计划做某事plan + 从句

I plan to go to Beijing. = I plan (that) I will go to Beijing. 我计划去北京。

15. spend … doing 花费……做I spent a day visiting Beijing. 我花了一天的时间去参观北京。

spend… on sth.花费……在I spent 3 years on English.

16. join 参加(指参加团体、组织) 如：join the Party 入党

take part in 参加(指参加活动) 如：take part in sports meeting 参加运动会

17. run out 与run out of

run out (become used up). 其主语往往为物。如时间，食物，金钱，油等，本

身就含有被动意义。run out of 主语为人，表示主动含义。

18. take after (在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像

be similar to 与..相像take after 相像

look after 照顾take care of 照顾

19. work out v. + adj. ①结局，结果为

The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 他提出的这个策略效果很好。

②算出，制订出，消耗完（精力等）

He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永远不会疲乏似的。

He worked out a plan. 他制订了一个计划。

I have worked out our total expenses. 我已经算出了我们总的费用。

21. hang out 闲荡闲逛

I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中心闲荡。

22. be able to do 能会be unable to do 不能不会

23. thank you for doing 谢谢做某事如：thank you for helping me 谢谢做帮助我

24. for sure 确实如此，毫无疑问

You don’t have money. That’s for sure. 你没有钱，这是毫无疑问的。

25. fill… with… 使…充满… 用…填充…

She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填满碗。

26. hand out 分发hand out bananas give out 分发give out sth to sb. 分….给某人

give up doing 放弃… give up smoking 放弃吸烟give away 赠送捐赠

give away sth. to …. give away money to kids give sb. sth. 给某人某东西

give me money 给我钱give sth. to sb. 给某人某东西give money to me 给我线

27. help sb. out 帮助…做事，解决难题(摆脱困境)

I can’t work out this math problem. Please help me out. 我不能算出这道数学问题，请你帮我解决。

28. train n. 火车train v. 训练

train sb. to do. 训练某人做某事

She trains her dog to fetch things. 她训练她的狗去取东西。

29. at once == right away 立刻马上如：

Do it at once. 马上去做。I’ll go there at once/ right away. 我马上去那里。

30. one day 有一天(指将来/过去) some day 有一天(指将来) 如：

One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。Some day I’ll go to Beijing. 有一天我将去北京。

34. disabled adj. 肢体有残疾的disable v. 不能

36. volunteer ①可数名词“志愿者” ②adj. 自愿的vi. volunteer to do sth

They are the Chinese People’s V olunteers. 他们是中国人民志愿军。

I volunteer to help you. 我自愿帮助你。

二．句子

1. We can’t put off making a plan. Clean-up Day is only two weeks from

now. 我们不能推迟制订计划，清洁日离现在只有两周了。

2. She puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care centre at her local elementary school.

她在当地的一所小学的课后辅导中心工作，使这个爱好得到较好的利用

3. Not only do I feel good about helping other people, but I get to spend time doing what I love to do.

帮助别人不但自己感到快乐，而且我开始花时间做自己喜欢做的事了。

4. The three students plan to set up a student volunteer project at heir school.

这三个学生计划在他们校开展一个学生志愿者项目。

5. He also put up some sign asking for old bikes.他还贴了一些需求旧自行车的告。

6. The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 几米想出的这个办法很效。

7. We need to come up with a plan. 我们需要指定一个计划。

8. You could help clean up the city parks. 你可以帮助打扫城市公园。

9. He now has sixteen bikes to fix up and give away to children who don’t have bikes. 他现在有16辆要修理的自行车，并准备把这些修好的自行车赠送给那些没有自行车的孩子。

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?

一．重要词组及短语

1. could you please do sth.? 你能……吗？/ 请你干……好吗？

2. do the chores 做杂务

3. do the dishes 洗餐具

4. sweep the floor 清扫地板

5. take out the trash 倒垃圾

6. make one's bed 铺床

7. fold one's clothes 叠衣服

8. clean the living room 清扫客厅

9. stay out late 晚归10. come over 过来11. have a test 考试

12. get a ride 搭车13. use one's computer 使用某人的电脑

14. hate sth. / hate to do sth. / hate doing sth. 讨厌某事/做某事

15. do the laundry = do some washing = wash clothes 洗衣服17. wash the car 刷车

16. make breakfast / make dinner = do some cooking 做饭

18. work on 从事，忙于work at 学习、致力于、在……上下工夫

19. borrow some money 借一些钱

borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物(借入)

lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物(借出)

You can borrow some money from your brother. 你可以向你哥哥借些钱。

Can you lend me your bike? 你能借给我你的自行车吗？

20. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事

They invited me to join their club. 他们邀请我参加俱乐部。

invite sb to a place 邀请某人去某地invite you to my party

21. go to the store 去商店

22. agree sb. to do sth. 同意某人做某事agree with sb. 同意某人的意见

disagree sb. to do sth. 不同意某人做某事disagree with sb. 不同意某人的意见

23. take care of = look after 照顾、照看、照料take good care of = look after … well 把……照管得好

26. take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步

27. play with sb. 和某人玩

28. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(未做) forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(做过)

（2）关于to 的短语总结：

have to do sth. 不得不，必须做某事

need to do sth. 需要做某事hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事

like to do sth. 喜欢做某事want to do sth. 想做某事

love to do sth. 热爱做某事forget to do sth. 忘记做某事

start to do sth. 开始做某事begin to do sth. 开始做某事

ask sb to do sth. 请某人做某事

二．重点句型

1. Could you please clean your room?

Yes, sure. / Sorry, I can't. I have to do my homework first.

2. Could I please use the car?

Sure. / Certainly. / Of course. / No, you can't. I have to go out.

Unit4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?

一、重点短语

1. have free time有空闲时间

2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事

3. hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛

4. after-school classes课外活动课

5. get into a fight with sb. 与某人吵架/打架

6. until midnight直到半夜

7. talk to sb. 与某人交谈8. too many太多

9. study too much学得过多10. get enough sleep有足够的睡眠11. write sb. a letter给某人写信12. call sb. up打电话给某人

13. surprise sb. 令某人惊讶14. look through翻看

15. be angry with sb. 生某人的气16. a big deal重要的事

17. work out成功地发展;解决18. get on with和睦相处；关系良:

19. fight a lot经常吵架/打架20. hang over笼罩

21. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事22. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事

23. so that以便24. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事

25. all the time一直26. in future今后

27. make sb. angry使某人生气28. worry about sth. 担心某事

29. copy one’ s homework抄袭某人的作业30. be oneself做自己

31. family members 家庭成员32. spend time alone独自消磨时光33. give sb. pressure给某人施压34. have a fight with sb. 与某人吵架35. compete with sb. 与某人竞争36. free time activities业余活动

37. get better grades取得更好的成绩38. give one’ s opinion提出某人的观点39. learn exam skills学习应试技巧40. practice sports体育训练

41. cause stress造成压力42. cut out删除

一. 重要词汇和句型

1. get ( 1 ) 买get sth. for sb. == get sb. sth. 为某人买某物

Can you get some fruit for me when you go shopping ?

== Can you get me some fruit when you go shopping ?

( 2 ) 得到, 到达Where did you get the book ?

When did you get the letter ? He got home late last night .

(3) 使, 让get + 宾语+ 宾补使某人\ 某物怎么样

Please get you coat clean . Get your mouth closed .

get sb. to do sth. 使某人\ 某物做某事

I got him to call Jim yesterday .

(4) ( 逐渐) 变得…The weather gets warmer and days get longer .

Why did the teacher get angry ?

2. how about \ what about 后跟名词\ 代词\ 动词ing形式。

( 1) 向对方提出建议或请求

How about going out for a walk ?How about something to eat ?

(2) 向对方征求意见或看法

How about the TV play ? How about buying the house now ?

( 3 ) 询问天气或身体情况

How about the weather in Hainan Island ?

How about your parents ? Are they living with you ?

( 4 ) 谈话中承接上下文

I’m forty years old . How about you ?

I’m from Beijing . How about you ?

3. receive 收到The girl was happy to receive many gifts on her birthday . receive a letter from == get a letter from == heard from收到某人的信

I received a letter from my parents last Sunday .

= I got a letter from my parents last Sunday .

= I heard from my parents last Sunday .

accept 接受He couldn’t accept our suggestions but our gifts .

She was very glad to receive the invitation .

He didn’t receiv e a good education at university .

I received an invitation to the party , but I refused to accept it .

4. a 6--year – old child 一个六岁的孩子

6--year –old 是由“数词+名词+ 形容词” 构成的复合形容词, 作前置定语,

修饰后面的名词child .

数词+名词+形容词构成的复合形容词，中间的名词要用单数形式：

a five-year-old girl 一个五岁的女孩 a two-meter-long ruler 一把两米长的尺子

a ten-story-high building 一栋十层高的楼房 a two-inch-thick dictionary一本两英寸厚的词典

5. too … to… 太…… 而不能……

too 后跟形容词或副词原形, to 后跟动词原形, 构成不定式. 句子的主语与

动词不定的主语不一时, 可以在动词不定式前加逻辑主语for sb.

He is too young to join the army ( 军队) . 他年纪太小，不能去参军。

The math problem is too difficult for me to work out . 这道数学题对我来说太难了，做不出。too … to… 可以与enough to 和so… that … 转换.

与enough to转换时, enough 前的形容词, 副词必须是too 后面形容词,

副词的反义词, 并使用其否定句式.

She is too young to do the work .

= s he isn’t old enough to do the work .

与so… that … 转换时, that 后面的从句要用否定形式.

Tom is too tired to walk any farther .

=Tom is so tired that he can’t walk any farther .

6. cost 1) 动词, 花费\ 价值(多少钱)

How much did it cost ? 这花了多少钱？

I didn’t buy it because it cost too much . 我没有买，因为它太贵了。

The meal cost us about 100 yuan . 这顿饭花费了我大约100块3.

7. pay , spend , cost , take 的区别

pay 花费( 多少钱) , 主语是人. Sb. pay some money for sth.

I paid 5000 yuan for the computer last week . 我上个星期花了5000买电脑。

Spend 花费( 多少钱或时间),主语是人. Sb. spend some money on sth.

Sb. spend some time ( in ) doing sth.

I spent 5000 yuan on the computer last week .

She spent 2 hours ( in ) doing her homework . 她花了2个小时做作业。

cost 花费( 多少钱) , 主语是物. Sth. cost sb. some money .

This jacket cost him 200 dollars . 这件夹克衫花费她200美元。

take 花费(时间),主语为It It takes sb. some time to do sth .

花费某人多少时间做某事

How long does it take sb. to do sth ?

花费某人多少时间做某事?

It took Liu Hong 2 hours to do her homework . 刘红花了2个小时做作业。

8. sleep , sleeping, sleepy , asleep , fall asleep , be asleep

sleep 动词, 睡觉, 强调动作.

I am very tired . I want to sleep . 我很累，想睡觉。

sleeping , Sleep 的现在分词, 表示“ 正在睡觉”

Don’t make so much noise . The baby is sleeping . 不要这么吵，宝宝在睡觉。

sleepy 想睡觉的, 困倦的.

I am a little sleepy. I’d like to go to bed . 我有点困了，我想去床上睡觉了。

asleep 睡着了的.

The teacher found Tom asleep in class and kept him behind after school .

老师发现汤姆上课睡觉，放学后就把他留了下来。

fall asleep 强调从没有睡着到睡着的过程, 不能接一段时间

I couldn’t fall asleep until it was very late last night . 我昨天晚上到很晚才睡着。

be asleep 表示睡着后的状态, “ 睡着了”, 可以接一段时间.

He was asleep for three hours . 他睡了3个小时。

9. choose 动词, “ 选择,挑选” , 过去式chose, 过去分词chosen

choose to do sth. 选择做某事

We choose Mike as our leader ( 领导). 我们选择迈克作为我们的领导。

Will you help me choose a dictionary ? 你会帮我选一本字典吗？

10. open ( 1 ) 动词, 打开, 开业, 开张, 展现

Would you mind opening the window ? 你介意我把窗户打开吗？

( 2 ) 形容词, be open 开着的, 开放的

On weekends the swimming pool is open to the public . 在周末，这个游泳池是对公众开放的。

close 动词, 关闭, 关上, 合上

closed 形容词, be closed 关着的, 关闭的

11. rather than 而不是…… 后面跟名词, 代词, 从句

The color seems green rather than blue . 这种颜色看上去像绿色而不是蓝色。

We depend on you rather than on him . 我们依赖的是你父亲而不是他。

prefer to do sth rather than do sth . 宁愿…… , 也不……

She preferred to stay at home rather than go with us . 她宁愿待在家里也不愿和我们一起去。

12. instead (1) 位于句首, 表示“ 反而, 相反”

I didn’t go to the cinema last night，instead, I watched a football match on TV.

我昨天晚上没有去看电影，反而是在家里看了场足球赛。

( 2 ) 位于句尾, 表示“ 作为代替, 而是”

I don’t like this one , please give me that instead . 我不喜欢这件，给我那件吧。

instead of 后跟名词, 代词, 动名词, 介词短语.表示“ 代替, 而不是”

We walked down the stairs instead of taking the elevator ( 电梯) .

我们不是坐电梯下来，而是走楼梯。

13. encourage 动词, 鼓励, 激励encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事

Parents should encourage children to do things by themselves .

家长们应该要鼓励孩子们自己动手做事情，

14. progress 名词, “ 进步, 进展” make progress “取得进步, 取得进展”

Tom is now making great progress at school . 汤姆现在在学校的进步很大。

15. take an interest in ( doing ) sth. 对( 做)某事感兴趣

否定表达是take no interest in ( doing ) sth. 对( 做)某事不感兴趣

Do you take an interest in English ? 你对英语感兴趣吗？

Most children take an interest in playing computer games . 大多数孩子对电脑游戏很感兴趣。

21. make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友

Would you like to make friends with us ? 你想和我们交朋友吗？

Unit5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?

一、重点短语

1. make sure 确信;确认

2. beat against... 拍打… …

3. fall asleep 进人梦乡；睡着

4. die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失

5. wake up 醒来

6. in a mess 一团糟

7. break.. . apart 使……分离8. in times of difficulty 在困难的时候9. at the time of 当.......时候10. go off (闹钟)发出响声

11. take a hot shower 洗热水澡12. miss the bus 错过公交车

13. pick up 接电话14. bring... together 使……靠拢

15. in the area 在这个地区16. miss the event 错过这个事件

17. by the side of the road 在路边18. the Animal Helpline 动物保护热线

19. walk by 走路经过20. make one’s way to. ?. 在某人去……的路上21. hear the news 听到这个消息22., important events in history 历史上的重大事件23., for example 例如24., be killed 被杀害

25., over 50 5 0多(岁）26. a school pupil 一个小学生

27. on the radio 通过广播28., in silence 沉默;无声

29., more recently 最近地;新近30., the World Trade Center 世贸中心

31., take down 拆除;摧毁32., have meaning to 对……有意义

33., remember doing sth. 记得做过某事34., at first 首先;最初

一.重要短语和句型

1. arrive at 到达(小地方) arrive in到达(大地方) reach 到达get to 到达

I arrived in Beijing last night . === I reached Beijing last night .

== I got to Beijing last night .

如果宾语是副词here, there, home, 介词省略

2. in front of… 在…… 的前面(某一范围外的前面) in the front of … 在…… 的前面(某一范围内的前面)

3. take off (1)起飞When did the plane take off yesterday ? 飞机什么时候起飞？

(2) 脱下(衣帽等) He took off his coat as soon as he went into the room . 他一进房间就脱掉了外套。

(3) 取消They will take off the 5 am train . 他们取消了早上5点的火车。

4. get out (of ) … 从……离开\出去\下来

A car stopped and a girl got out of it .

但从汽车\火车\船\飞机\马匹上下来, 用get of f … .

5．follow (1) 跟随I followed him up he hill . 我跟着他上了山.

(2) 沿着……前进Follow this road until you get to the post office .顺着这条路一直到邮局.

(3) 听懂,理解Could you speak more slowly ? I can’t follow you . 你能说慢点吗？我听不懂。

(4 )follow sb. to do sth. 跟着某人做某事Please follow me to read the story. 请跟我读这个故事。

6. amazing 形容词,修饰名词令人惊奇的, 令人惊讶的What an amazing book ! 真是令人惊讶的书本。

amaze动词使某人惊讶Your letter amazed me .你吓到我了。

be amazed at … 对…… 感到惊讶Everyone was amazed at the bad news . 每个人对这个坏消息都感到惊讶。

7. shout at 大声喊叫多指因生气而非善意的大声叫喊

Don’t shout at the little boy . He is too young . 不要对他大叫，他还太小。

shout to 大声喊叫多指因距离远而不得不大声叫喊

We should shout to him , or he can’t hear us .我们应该朝他叫喊，否则他听不到我们的声音。

8. happen 发生具体事件偶然的没有预见的发生

(1 ) happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事

I happened to meet one of my old friends in the park yesterday . 昨天我在公园碰巧遇见我的一个老朋友。

(2 ) sth happens to sb. 某人发生了某事

An car accident happened to him last month .上个月他发生了交通事故.

take place发生(1) 按计划进行或按计划发生

Great changes have taken place in China in recent years .最近几年中国发生了巨大的变化.

(2 ) (运动\ 活动\会议等) 举行

The meeting will take place next Friday . 运动会将于下星期五举行。

take the place of 代替, 取代

Plastics can sometimes take the place of wood and metal . 塑料有时能代替木材和金属.

take one’s place 坐某人的位置, 代替某人的职务.

Come to take my place . my seat is near the window . 来做我的位置，我的座位靠近窗户。

9. anywhere 任何地方常用于否定句或疑问句中.

Did you go anywhere last night ? 你昨天还去了别的地方了吗？

somewhere 某个地方用于肯定句

S ome and see me . Then we’ll go out somewhere . 来我家找我，然后我们出去逛逛。

everywhere 处处, 到处= here and there

I can’t find my pen though I looked for it everywhere. 尽管我到处都找过了，还是找不到我的钢笔。

10. silence 名词, 寂静\ 无声

There’s nothing but silence in the room . 屋内寂静无声.

Keep in silence . 保持沉默.

silent 形容词, 沉默的, 寂静的

The old house was quite silent . 这所老房子寂静无声.

The cat moved on silent feet . 那只猫无声地走动着.

11．hear 听到Can you hear someone knocking at the door ? 你听到有人敲门了吗？

(1) hear of 听说, 后接表示人或物的词

I have never heard of him before . 我以前从来没有听说过他.

( 2 ) hear about 听说, 后接表示事件的名词

I’ve just heard about his illness .我刚刚听说他生病的事.

Have you heard about the accident ? 你听说了那场事故吗?

(3 ) hear from 收到某人的来信

I heard from my daughter in New York yesterday .我昨天收到在纽约的女儿的来信.

12. 主语+ be + one of the + 形容词最高级+ 复数名词+ in \ of 短语.

…… 是……中最……的……之一.

This was one of the most important events in modern American history .

这是美国历史上最重要的事件之一.

Xiamen is one of the most beautiful cities in China . 厦门是中国最漂亮的城市之一。13. experience (1)名词经验, 不可数名词; 经历, 体验, 可数名词

Have you had any experience of fishing ? 你有钓鱼的经验吗?

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