秒懂非谓语动词与状语从句的转化的奥秘

非谓语动词与4大状语从句间的转化

非谓语动词形式，状语从句在语法填空，完型填空，阅读理解，甚至作文中，都是用途非常广泛的结构，笔者现将非谓语动词与状语从句之间转换的规律进行归纳总结，帮助同学们理解非谓语动词和状语从句之间的关系，从而提高自己的理解力和表达力。

一、非谓语动词与时间状语从句间的转换。

1. 当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，主句、从句的谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生时，且从句中谓语动词是主动语态，则从句可简化成现在分词doing结构。

如：When they heard the news，they jumped with joy.

Hearing the news，they jumped with joy.当他们听到这则消息时, 高兴得跳了起来。

2. 当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，从句中的动作发生在主句的动作之前（通常是由连词after引导）或从句中谓语动词是完成时，则从句可简化成现在分词的完成式having done。如：After he(had）returned home，he began to work.

Having returned home，he began to work.回到家以后, 他开始工作。

3. 当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，由after，before，since，as soon as等引导的从句可简化成after/before/since/on 加动名词短语。

如：Since I saw you last，I have been ill.

Since seeing you last，I have been ill.自从我上次见你后, 就一直在生病。

As soon as he heard this，he couldn’t help crying.

On hearing this，he couldn’t help crying.他一听到这事, 不禁哭了起来。

4. 当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，以when，while 引导的从句，也可简化成when /while加现在分词短语。

如While we were walking along the river, we heard someone shouting.

While walking along the river，we heard someone shouting.当我们正沿着河走时,我们听到有人喊叫。

5. 当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，且从句的谓语动词是被动语态时, 则从句可简化成过去分词短语done。

如:After they were sent to the zoo, the monkeys had good health.

Sent to the zoo, the monkeys had good health. 这些猴子送到动物园后, 健康状况都很好。6. 当从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时，则从句可简化成分词的独立主格结构，即名词/主格代词＋分词。

After the meeting was over，the students went out of the hall.

The meeting being over，the students went out of the hall.会议结束后, 学生们走出了礼堂。After her mother had passed away，she had to take care of her sister.

Her mother having passed away，she had to take care of her sister.她妈妈去世后, 她只好照顾她妹妹。

二、非谓语动词与原因状语从句间的转换

1.当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，则从句可简化成现在分词短语doing。

如：Because she was ill，she couldn’t go to school.

Being ill，she couldn’t go to school.因为她病了, 所以没能去上学。

As he had worked among the workers，he knew them very well.

Having worked among the workers，he knew them very well.由于他曾在工人中工作过, 因此对他们很了解。

2. 当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，且从句的谓语是被动语态，则从句可简化成过去分词短语done。

如：As he was born in Shanghai，he knew the city very well.

Born in Shanghai，he knew the city very well.由于他出生于上海, 他对这座城市很熟悉。3. 当从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时，则从句可简化成分词的独立主格结构。

如：Because everyone in this city knew the teacher，we had no trouble in finding his house. Everyone in this city knowing the teacher，we had no trouble in finding his house.因为这座城市的每个人都认识这位老师, 所以我们没费事就找到了他的住处。

As the key was lost，she couldn’t enter the room .

The key lost，she couldn’t enter the room .由于丢了钥匙, 她进不了房间。

4. 当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，且从句的谓语动词是否定形式，则从句可简化，先加not,再用分词形式not doing。

如：Because we didn’t know his address，we couldn’t get in touch with him .

Not knowing his address，we couldn’t get in touch with him .因为不知道他的地址, 所以没法和他联系。

As he hadn’t received a reply，he decided to write another letter to her.

Not having received a reply，he decided to write another letter to her.由于没有收到回信, 他决定再给她写一封信。

三、非谓语动词与目的状语从句间的转换

1.以so that/in order that引导目的状语从句，当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，则从句可简化成to do/in order to do/so as to do等不定式短语。

如：He got up early so that/in order that he could catch the train.

He got up early to/in order to/so as to catch the train.他起得很早, 以便赶上那趟火车。

2. 以so that/in order that引导目的状语从句，当从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时，则从句可简化成不定式的复合结构for sb to do。

如：He stood on the rock so that/in order that we could see him clearly.

He stood on the rock for us to see him clearly. 他站在岩石上, 以便我们把他看清楚。

3. 以so that/in order that引导目的状语从句，当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，且从句是否定形式时，则从句可简化成not to do/in order not to do/so as not to do。

如：He went out so that/in order that he couldn’t meet his girlfriend.

He went out not to/so as not to/in order not to meet his girlfriend. 他为了不见到他女朋友, 就出去了。

四、非谓语动词与结果状语从句间的转换

1.结果状语从句以so...that从句，such + a（n）+ 形容词+ 可数名词单数+ that从句或so+ 形容词+ a（n）+ 可数名词单数+ that从句形式出现，且从句的谓语动词是肯定形式，则从句可简化为so...as to do或enough to do结构。

如：He is so strong a man/such a strong man that he can carry the big stone.

He is so strong as to/strong enough to carry the big stone.他是个很壮实的人, 他能搬起那块大石头。

2.such + 形容词+ 名词复数或不可数名词+ that引导的状语从句，且从句的谓语动词是肯定形式，则从句可简化成so...as to do或enough to do结构。

如：These are such simple assignments that they can be finished by me.

The assignments are so simple that they can be finished by me.

The assignments are so simple as to be finished by me. The assignments are simple enough to be finished by me.作业很简单, 我能做完。

3. 当从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时，且从句的谓语动词是肯定形式，则从句可简化成

so...as for sb to do 或enough for sb to do结构。

如：The girl spoke so slowly that we could understand her.

The girl spoke so slowly as for us to understand.

The girl spoke slowly enough for us to understand.那女孩说得慢, 我们能听懂她讲的话。

4. 当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，且从句的谓语动词是否定形式，则从句可简化成too...to do /so...as not to do / not...enough to do 结构。

如：He is such a young boy/so young a boy that he can’t go to school.

The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.

The boy is too young to go to school.

The boy is so young as not to go to school.

The boy is not old enough to go to school. 这男孩太小, 不能上学。