自考英美文学选读复习资料

1. ? I glanced back once. A wafer of a moon was shining over Gatsby's house, making the

night fine as before, and surviving the laughter and the sound of his still glowing garden. A sudden emptiness seemed to flow now from the windows and the great doors, endowing with complete isolation the figure of the host, who stood on the porch, his hand up in a formal gesture of farewell.

A.Identify the author and the title of the novel from which this passage is taken.

F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby

B.The passage describes the end of an event. What is it?

It is a description of the end of a big party

C.What implied meaning can you get from reading this passage?

The passage hints at the meaninglessness, spiritual emptiness and vanity of such a life

of pleasure- seeking. There is a tragic sense that the“ party” will be over.

2. My tongue, every atom of my blood, form'd from this soil, this air,

Born here of parents born here from parents the same, and their parents the same,

I, now thirty-seven years old in perfect health begin,

Hoping to cease not till death.

A.Identify the poet and the title of the poem.

Whitman, Song of Myself

B.What do "soil" and "air" represent in the first line?

America, his country, his native land

C.What does the poet try to say in the above four lines?

I was born and nurtured by this land and shall from now on devote my whole life to the country.

3.“ I celebrate myself, and sing myself,

And what I assume you shall assume,

For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.

I loafe and invite my soul,

I lean and loafe at my ease observing a spear of summer grass.”

(From Walt Whitman?s“ Song of Myself”)

A. Who does“ myself” refer to ?

The poet himself and the American people.

B. How do you understand the line“ I loafe and invite my soul?”

The line indicates a separation of the body and the soul.

C. What does“ a spear of summer grass” symbolize?

The phrase indicates Whitman?s optimism and experience.

4."And the native hue of resolution/Is sicklied o?er with the pale cast of thought." (Shakespeare,

Humlet)

A. What does the "native hue of resolution" mean?

determination (determinedness, action, activity, ...)

B. What does the "pale cast of thought" stand for?

consideration (indecision, inactivity, hesitation, ...)

C. What idea do the two lines express?

Too much thinking (consideration,...) made (makes) activity (action) impossible. 5."Wild Spirit, which art moving everywhere; /Destroyer and Preserver; hear, O

hear!" A. Identify the poem and the poet.

Shelley?s Ode to the West Wind

B. What is the "Wild Spirit"?

The West Wind; "breath of Autumn?s being"

C. What does the "Wild Spirit" destroy and preserve?

It destroys things that are dead, it preserves new life.

6."When the minister spoke from the pulpit, with power and fervid eloquence, and, with his hands on the open bible, of the sacred truths of our religion, and of saint-like lives and triumphant deaths, and of future bliss or misery unutterable, then did Goodman Brown turn pale, dreading,

lest the roof should thunder down upon the gray blasphemer and his hearers.

A. Identify the title of the short story from which this part is taken.

Hawthorne?s Young Goodman Brown

B. What had happened in the story before this church scene?

Brown had attended a witc hes? party where he saw many prominent people of the village, the minister included.

C. Why was Goodman Brown afraid the roof might thunder down?

Brown was shocked by the minister, secretly a member of the evil club, who could

talk about sacred truths of the religion openly and unashamedly. He thought God would punish such hypocrites down on them.

7. (A lot of common objects have been enumerated before, and here are the last two lines of

There Was a Child Went Forth :)

The horizon?s edge, the fly ing sea-crow, the fragrance of salt marsh and shore mud.

These became part of that child who went forth every day, and who now goes, and will always go forth every day.

A. Who is the author of this poem? What is the title of the poem?

Whitman. There was a Child Went Forth

B. What does the "Child" stand for in the poem?

The young growing America.

C. In one or two sentences, interpret the implied meaning of the two lines.

The poet uses his childhood experience of growing up and learning about the world

around him to imply that young America will grow and develop like that.

D. How do you understand“ These became part of the child”?

It is interesting to reexamine the sequence of the items list in this poem which

“ became part of the child ” . They reflect the natural process of a boy?s growth. At first, his world was limited within the barnyard. Later, he sought into fields and streets. Then, he became interested in something more mysterious — his fellow human beings. Finally, he was

on the symbolic threshold of the outside world, the sea. He had grown into a young man from a boy.

8.“ And when I am formulated, sprawling on a pin,

When I am pinned and wriggling on the wall.

Then how should begin

To spit out all the butt-ends of my days and ways . ”

A.Identify the poem and the poet.

T.S. Eliot?s The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock.

B.What does the phrase“-endsbutt” mean?

The ends of cigarettes, meaning trivial things here.

C.What idea does the quoted passage express?

Here, Prufrock?s inability to do anything against the society he is in is made him

strikingly clear by using a sharp comparison. Prufrock imagines himself as a kind of insect pinned on the wall and struggling in vain to get free. This image vividly shows Pru frock?s current predicament.

9. “ I shall be telling this with a sigh

Somewhere ages and ages hence:

Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—

I took the one less traveled by,

And that has made all the difference.”

A.Idenfity the poem and the poet.

Robert Lee Frost?s The Road Not Taken.

B.What does the phrase“ ages and ages hence” mean?

Many many years later.

C.What idea does the quoted passage express?

The speaker is telling his experience of making the choice of the roads. But he is conscious of the fact that his choice will have made all the difference in his life. He seems to

be giving a suggestion to the reader“ make good choice of your life”.

D. What additional meaning do the two roads have?

Life is here compared to a journey. The two roads stand for the choice one has to make at a critical moment in his life.

E. What dilemma is the speaker facing?

Since where the road leads to is uncertain, one has to wait to see the result of the

choice until one?s life is coming to an end. Then it will be too late. The speaker acknowledges the limits of life, yet he indulges himself in the notion that we could be really different from what we have become, because life is unpredictable.

10.“ A violet by a mossy stone

Half hidden from the eye!

－Fair as a star, when only one

Is shining in the sky.”

A. Identify the author and the title of the poem from which this stanza is taken.

William Wordsworth,“ She Dwelt Among the Untrodden Ways”

B. Pick out the metaphor used in this stanza.

The flower (violet) is used as a metaphor.

C. What quality does the author intend to show by using the metaphor?

By comparing a country girl (Lucy) to a violet, the author intends to show her quality

of beauty and her virtues which are often neglected by the common people just like a wild

flower blooming by an untrodden road.

11.“ We passedThe School, where Children

strove At Recess － in the Ring －

We passed The Fields of Gazing Grain

We passed The Setting Sun －”

A. Who is the author and the poem

Emily Dickinson“ Because I could not stop for Death－”

B. What do the underlined parts symbolize?

It stands for three stage of life:“ the school”-- youth,“ the Fields

of Gazing

Grain ”— mature period,“ the setting sunend of life”—

C. Where we re“ we” heading toward?

“ We” are riding in a carriage, heading towards Eternity.

D.What figure of speech is used in the poem?

Symbolism

E. What are Dicki nson?s unique writing features in relation to the quoted lines?

Dashes are used as a musical device to create cadence and capital letters as a means

of emphasis.

12.“ Never did sun more beautifully

steep In his first splendor, valley, rock, or hill;

Ne?er saw I, never felt, a calm so deep! The

river glideth at his own sweet will:

Dear God! The very houses seem asleep;

And all that mighty heart is lying still!”

(William Wordsworth?s sonnet:“ Composed upon Westminster Bridge” September 3, 1802) Questions:

A. What does the word“ glideth” in the fourth line mean?

The word“ glideth” means“ flows”

B. What kind of figure of speech is used by wordsworth to describe the“ river”?

Wordsworth uses personification to describe the“ river”.

C. What idea does the fourth line express?

The 4th line expresses the idea that the river is flowing happily as a living things,

which implies the beauty of the nature.

D. What does this sonnet describe?

It describes a vivid picture of a beautiful morning in London.

E. What does the word“ mighty heart” refer to?

London

F. The sonnet follows strictly the Italian form. What is the feature of the Italian form of

sonnet?

It follows strictly the Italian form, with a clear division between the octave and the sestet, the rhyme scheme is abbaabba, cdcdcd..

13.“ The river glideth at his own sweet will：

Dear God! the very houses seem asleep ；

And all that mighty heart is lying still!”

(from William Wordsworth?s“ Composed upon Westminster Bridge”)

A. What figure of speech is used in the quoted lines?

Italian form

B. What does“ that mighty heart?? refer to?

London

C. What does the poem describe? —

It describes a vivid picture of a beautiful morning in London

14.“ With Blue uncertain—stumbling Buzz—

Between the light — and me —

And then the Windows failed—and then

I could not see to see —”

A. Identify the poem and the poet.

I heard a Fly buzz-when I died by Emily Dickinson.

B. What do“ Windows” symbolically stand for?

Eyes, for they are considered as the window of human soul. .

C. What idea does the quoted passage express?

The last thing the dying person saw and heard was the flying and its buzz. When the

eyes failed, the human soul was closed and the person died. (The speaker could not see any

of the afterlife or God or angels she expected to see.)

15.“ ,Is dying hard, Daddy??

,No, I think it?s pretty easy, Nick, It all depends.”?

A. Identify the work and the author.

Earnest Hemingway, Indian Camp

B. What was Nick preoccupied with when he asked the question?

Nick was preoccupied with the pain and the violence of death./life and death

C. Why di d the father add“ It all depends” after he answered his son?s question?

By adding “ Itall depends ”the father meant that death means differently to different people. To such weak persons like the husband of the Indian woman it?s a pretty easy, while strong-willed person will not easily commit suicide.

16.“ ,Faith! Faith!?cried the husband. ,Look up to Heaven, and resist the Wicked One.?

A.Identify the work and the author.

Hawthorne, Young Goodman Brown

B.What idea does the quoted sentence express?

Goodman Brown here is obviously addressing the image of his wife, urging her to resist the devil. At the same time he is exhorting himself to have faith, to look heavenward,

to withstand the infernal eloquence of the Wicked one.

17.“ Not on thy sole, but on thy soul, harsh Jew,

Thou mak?st thy knife keen; but no metal can,

No, not the hangman?s axe, bear half the keenness

Of thy sharp envy.”

A. Identify the author and the title of the play from which this part is taken.

William Shakespeare, The Merchant of Venice.

B. What figure of speech is used in this quoted passage?

Pun

C. What idea does the passage express?

18.“ The woods are lovely, dark and deep,

But I have promises to keep,

And miles to go before I sleep,

And miles to go before I sleep.”

A. Identify the poem and the poet.

Robert Lee Frost, Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening

B. What does the word“ sleep” mean?

die

C. What idea do the four lines express?

When facing the still and lovely forest, the speaker cannot stay, because of his obligation and responsibilities.

19.“ Not lose possession of that fair thou ow?st:

Nor shall Death brag thou wander?st in his shade,

When in eternal lines to time thou grow?st; So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,

So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”

A. Identify the author and the title of the poem.

Shakespeare?s Sonnet 18

B. What does the word“ this” in the last line refer to?

“ This ” refers to the poem.

C.What idea do the quoted lines express?

When you are in my eternal poetry, you are even with time. A nice summer?s day is usually transient, but the beauty in poetry can last forever.

20 ．“ Shall I compare thee to a summer?s day?

Thou art more lovely and more temperate:

Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,

And summer?s lease hath all too short a date:”

A ． Identify the poet and the poem from which the quoted lines are taken.

Shakespeare?s Sonnet 18

B． Name” the figure of speech employed in the poem.

Personification

C． What is the theme of the poem?

A nice su mmer?s day is usually transient, but the beauty in poetry can last for ever.

21.“? only Miss Emily?s house was left, lifting its stubborn and coquettish decay above the

cotton wagons and the gasoline pumps — an eyesore among eyesores.”

A. Identify the author and the work.

William Faulkner?s A Rose for Emily.

B. What is the meaning of“ an eyesore among eyesores”?

The meaning of“ an eyesore among eyesores” is the most unpleasant thing to look at.

C.What does this quoted passage indicate?

The house is a perfect mirror image of the owner who is stubborn and coquettish and deliberately detaches herself from the communal life in this small town.

22.“ To be, or not to be that is —the question;

Whether? tis nobler in the mind to suffer

The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,

Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,

And by opposing end them?”

A. Identify the author and the title of the passage from which this part is taken.

William Shakespeare, Hamlet

B. Explain the meaning of“ To be, or not to be”

To live on in this world or to die, to suffer or to take action.

C. How you understand the last lines?

To take up arms against troubles that sweep upon us like a sea.

23 ．“ For oft, when on my couch I lie

In vacant or in pensive mood,

they flash upo n that inward eye”

A． Identify the author and the title.

William Wordsworth, I wandered Lonely as a Cloud

B． What does the phrase“ inward eye” mean?

Human soul

C． Write out the main idea of the passage in plain English.

The poet expressed his love for the daffodils.

24．“ Therewas music from my neighbor?s house through the summer nights. In his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne and the stars. At high tide in the afternoon I watched his guests diving from the tower of his

raft, or taking the sun on the hot sand of his beach while his two motor — boats slit the waters of the Sound, drawing aquaplanes over cataracts of foam.On week — ends his Rolls — Royce became an omnibus, bearing parties to and from the city between nine in the morning and long past midnight, while his station wagon scampered like a brisk yellow bug

to meet all trains. And on Mondays eight servants, including an extra gardener, toiled all day

with mops and scrubbing—brushes and hammers and garden—shears, repairing the ravages of the night before.”

A ． Identify the author and the title of the novel from which this passage is taken.

F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby

B ．What can you imply by reading this passage?

It describes Gatsby ?s extravagance.

C ．What do the“ moths” symbolize?

Moths are used metaphorically to refer to those people who are drawn to the party simply for its glamour, for the wealth of Gatsby.

25．“ Do you think, because I am poor, obscur e, plain, and little, I am soulless and heartless?— You think wrong! ? And if God had gifted me with some beauty, and much wealth, I

should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you it is my spirit that addresses your spirit; just as if both had passed through the grave, and we stood at God?s feet, equal—as we are!”

A ． Identify the author and the novel from which the quoted part is taken.

Charlotte Bronte, Jane Eyre

B ．To whom is the speaker speaking?

Jane Eyre is speaking to Rochester.

C ．What does the quoted part imply about the speaker?

Jane Eyre loves Rochester but she values her basic rights and equality as a human being.

26.“ When the stars threw down their spears,

And water?d heaven with their tears,

Did he smile his work to see?

Did he who made the Lamb make thee?”

A. Identify the poet and the poem from which the quoted lines are taken—

William Blake?s“ The Tyger”

B. Whom does the“ he?? refer to?—

the God

C. What does the“ Lamb” symbolize?—

The “ Lamb” mbolsy of peace and purity.

27.“ I cannot rub the strangeness from my sight

I got from looking through a pane of glass

I skimmed this morning from the drinking trough

And held against the world of hoary grass.”

A. Identify the poet and the poem from which the quoted lines are taken.—

Robert Lee Frost, After Apple-Picking

B.what do es the word“ strangeness?? refer to?—

the“ essence of winter sleep????????”

C. What do the quoted lines imply?

?—

全国成人本科学士学位英语统一考试及答案

2011年全国成人本科学士学位英语统一考试 北京地区 2011.11.05 注意事项 一、本场考试时间为上午9：00——11：00. 二、考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹签字笔填写自己的准考证号、姓名和学校，再 用2B铅笔把对应准考证号码的标号涂黑。 三、请考生仔细阅读题目的说明。 四、答案必须按要求写在答题卡规定的位置上，凡是写在试题册上的答案一律作废。 五、答题时，PartⅠ至Part Ⅳ部分用2B铅笔按示例填涂，如：■[B][C][D]，用 其他符号答题者不记分。修改时，必须先用橡皮擦去原来选定的答案，然后再按要求重 新作答。 六、PartⅤ部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔在答题卡规定区域内作答，超出黑色矩 形边框区域的答案无效。 PartⅠReading Comprehension （30%） Directions：There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage 1 ： Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage The reflective towers of New York City，which is on the Atlantic migrating （迁徙的）route ，can be deadly for birds. “We live in an age of glass，”said https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c05322984.html,urel，an architect.（76）“It can be a perfect mirror in certain lights，and the larger the glass，the more dangerous it is.”About 90，000 birds are killed by flying into building in the city each year. Often，they strike the lower levels of glass towers after searching for food in nearby parks. Such crashes are the second-leading cause of death for migrating birds，after habitat（栖息地）loss，with an estimated number of death ranging up to a billion a year. （77）As glass office and apartment towers have increased in the last decade，so，too，have calls to make them less deadly to birds. San Francisco adopted bird-safety standard for new building in July. The United States Green Building Council， a nonprofit industry group that encourages the creation of environmentally conscious buildings，will introduce a bird-safety credit this as part of its environmental certification process. There are no easy fixes，however. A few researchers are exploring glass designs that use ultraviolet（紫外线的）signals，but they are still in their infancy. Covers，dot patterns，shades and net are the main options available. Often，only one section of a building needs to be changed. “You don‘t necessarily have to treat every window，”https://www.wendangku.net/doc/c05322984.html,urel said. “It would be too

全国2014年4月自考英美文学选读真题

绝密★考试结束前 全国2014年4月高等教育自学考试 英美文学选读试题 课程代码：00604 请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。全部题目用英文作答。 选择题部分 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。 2．每小题选出答案后，用2 B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。 I. Multiple Choice(40 points in all, 1 for each) Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark your choice by blackening the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the answer sheet. 1. Shakespeare has established his giant position in world literature with his ______ plays, 154 sonnets and 2 long poems. A. 27 B. 38 C.47 D. 52 2. john Milton’s literary achievement can be divided into three groups: the early poetic works, the middle prose pamphlets and the last ______. A. romances B. dramas C. great poems D. ballads 3. The novels of ______ are the first literary works devoted to the study of problems of the lower— class people. A. John Milton B. Daniel Defoe C. Henry Fielding D. Jonathan Swift

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Chapter I The Renaissance Period Definitions of the Literary Terms: 文艺复兴时期的界定 1. The Renaissance: The Renaissance marks a transition from the medie val to the modern world. Generally, it refers to the period between the 14 th & 17th centuries. 历史文化背景It first started in Italy, with the flowering of painting, sculpture & literature. From Italy the movement went to emb race the rest of Europe. The Renaissance, which means "rebirth" or "reviva l," is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, such as the re-discovery of ancient Roman & Greek culture, the new discoverie s in geography & astrology, the religious reformation & the economic expa nsion. The Renaissance, therefore, in essence is a historical period in whic h the European humanist thinkers & scholars made attempts to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that e xpressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, & to recover the purity of the early church from the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church. 2. 文艺复兴到英国比较晚的原因The Renaissance was slow in reaching Englan d not only becaus e o f England?s separation from the Continent but also be cause of its domestic unrest. It was not until the reign of Henry VIII that the Renaissance really began to show its effect in England. With Henry VII I?s encouragement the Oxford reformers, scholars and humanists introduc ed classical literature to England. 15th century, began the English Renaissa nce, which was perhaps England?s Golden Age, especially in literature. 人文主义H umanism: Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance. It sprang from the endeavor to restore a medieval reverence for the ancient author s and is frequently taken as the beginning of the Renaissance on its consci ous, intellectual side, for the Greek and Roman civilization was based on s uch a conception that man is the measure of all things. Through the new l earning, humanists not only saw the arts of splendor and enlightenment, b ut the human values represented in the works. Renaissance humanists fou nd in the classics a justification to exalt human nature and came to see th at human beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfections, and that the world they inhabited was thei rs not to despise but to question, explore, and enjoy. Thus, by emphasizin g the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life, they voiced their beliefs that man did not only have the right to enjoy the bea uty of this life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wond ers. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the b est representatives of the English humanists. The first period of the English Renaissance was one of imitation and assimi lation.

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