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英语1~5打印

英语1~5打印

1. 判断题

1 Monographs are usually the scientific books that deal with the topics of certain areas or the areas which are related to one another.( T )

2 Most authors of monographs are editors of the scientific and engineering journals.(F)

3 The authors of monographs should have rich knowledge and the ability to do research.(T)

4 Textbooks belong to the category of monographs.(F)

5 Textbooks are written on narrower subjects than those of monographs(F)

6 Many books of conference proceedings are not monographs because they discuss new scientific discoveries(F)

7 Only those conference proceedings which have a large number of authors are monographs(F)

8 Different topics often lead to different format of monographs(T)

9 Monographs are read by more readers because they are kept longer than other books in the library.(F)

10 The acknowledged experts in the passage means the experts who are rich in knowledge(F)

1 From the viewpoint of content ,articles in academic journal can be classified into original research article, review articles and book reviews.(T)

2 If a submitted article is quickly rejected, the decision must be made by the journal editor(s)(T)

3 Even accepted articles need further peer-review by outside scholars(F)

4 Authors who write book reviews are usually paid a few thousand dollars(F)

5 When students start a study in a certain field, they usually firstly refer to related review articles.(T)

6 Many journals appoint a specific editor to choose some new books to review and scholars to write the book reviews.(T)

7 The dominant journals in each academic discipline surely bear the highest quality in their specialty.(F)

8 It is often teaching professors who take the editorial job for humanities and social science academic journals.(T)

9 With the aid of Internet, people can get access to the content of academic journals free online(F)

10 Even if the author publishes his paper in a free open access journal .he may still get money from subsidy or from author page charges.(T)

1 The main purpose of scientific paper is to report new results, usually experimental, and to relate these results to previous knowledge in the field(T)

2 A paper begins with a short Summary or Abstract(T)

3 In many journals the section of introduction is given a title(F)

4 The next section of most papers is the Materials and Methods. In some journals this section is the last one(T)

5 Generally, the logic of the Results section follows indirectly from that of the Introduction(F)

6 Finally, papers usually have a short Acknowledgements section, followed by a Reference list(T)

7 The figures and tables also have legends, whose purpose is to give details of particular experiment or experiments shown there(T)

8 As stated, in all journals, Materials and Methods follows the Discussion.(F)

9 In response to the pressure to edit and make the paper concise, many authors choose to condense(T)

10 Authors often handle page limitations by putting unimportant details into the Figure and Table legends(F)

1 An efficient reader should read a paper straight through to acquire a whole idea.(F)

2 When reading a paper ,it is a good habit to read the Title and the Abstract and review in your mind what you know about the topic(T)

3 The paper should be read straight from the Introduction to Results(T)

4 Code words have connotations that are generally well-defined in the text(F)

5 Typically the author familiar with the material will be more thoughtful of his reader.(F)

6 An author uncritical of his own experiment may refuse to explore other possibilities(T)

7 It is easy for the reader to distinguish between facts and speculation in the paper(F)

8 An Assertive Sentence Title is unacceptable even if it is well-documented(F)

9 Trendy journals mislead authors to publish ill-documented(F)

10 A careful evaluation is needed to distinguish speculation from established conclusion(T)

1 Before we know what is there, we can propose hypotheses about how a system operates(F)

2 When we are asking how general a finding is in a scientific research, it is a typical comparative study(F)

3 A typical analytical approach will formulate two or more different hypotheses that are consistent with current knowledge about how a system works(T)

4 Usually the results of experiments could raise new questions that usually become evident only in the results section(T)

5 It is enough to research the main conclusions of a research paper in the abstract part in which the authors highlight them in detail(F)

6 It is common that several different experiments or approaches are combined to support

a certain conclusion in a research(T)

7 Whether the author take different approaches to answering a research question is crucial in evaluating the connection between the data and the conclusion.(T)

8 If there is only one line of evidence in the data, it is not necessary to interpret it in multiple ways which will only make it more complex(F)

9 Since a paper was published in a top journal and the authors have a high standing, the work must have received critical review by experts and it is not necessary for novices to question it(F)

10 When we evaluate the evidence in a research paper, we should bear in mind that every method has limitations and if the experiments are not done correctly they cannot be interpreted.(T) 家用机器人:由于机器人的价格下降,而与此同时其性能和计算能力却在提高,使其成为人们可以买得起的产品,并具备了足够的自动性,因此越来越多的机器人出现在家庭中做那些简单而人们不想做的事情,如吸尘、清洁地板、割草。虽然机器人在市场出售已经有几年的时间,2006年是家用机器人销售量大涨的一年。截止2006年,iRoot公司销售了200多万台打扫房间用的机器人,这种机器人自动性较强,通常只需要一个指令就可以开始工作,接下去他们就会按照自己的方式工作。在这方面他们表现出良好的能动性,被看做智能机器人。

遥控机器人:由于危险大,距离远,或者无法接近等原因人不能在现场的情况下,便可使用遥控机器人。遥控机器人由操纵员远距离操纵,而不是按照一系列事先确定的程序做出动作。这种机器人也许被放置在另一个房间或者另一个国家,也许在一个与操纵员完全不同的活动范围。与一般开放式手术相比,腹腔镜外科机器人可使医生在患者体内操作,产生较小的创伤,从而大大缩短愈合时间。遥控机器人应用的一个有趣的例子是作家玛格丽特.阿特伍德,最近他开始使用一种机器人笔给远处的人在书上签名。与之不同的是另一种机器人-iRobot ConnectR robot,人们可以利用这种机器人与远方的家人和朋友保持联系。医生与患者进行联系还可以用到另一种机器人,这种机器人使医生无处不在,从而能够使更多的患者接受医生的监护。

那些彻底改变我们日常生活的技术往往不知不觉进入我们的生活,直到突然有一天我们很难想象如果没有它们(例如即时信息和微波炉)世界将会是什么样子。不久我们还将看到其他重要技术出现,我们可以预见,这些技术的应用将引起巨大的社会效应。未来技术的一个突出例子是无线射频识别芯片(简称RFID).。

RFID芯片是比米粒还小的硅片,存有各种信息---从零售价格、烹饪指南,到你的全部病例,一应俱全。还有一种较大的设备,称作RFID“阅读器”,它不必与RFID 芯片直接连接就可以从芯片中下载信息,并将其输入任何电子设备(如现金取款机、视频屏幕、家用电器,甚至直接进入互联网)。目前RFID技术已用于桥梁和隧道的自动收款业务,方法是发给司机一个装有RFID芯片的小塑料盒子,这样他就可以通过收费关卡而无需停车。收款亭中的RFID阅读器会感知芯片上的信息,于是路费就会自动由司机的账户中扣除。

RFID技术将首先大规模应用于零售业。在下周举行的一个重要的工业会议上,预计沃尔玛将敦促它的供应商采用RFID技术,20年前,这个零售业巨头就是这样抢先使用条形码的。实际上有些生产商已经开始应用这一技术,例如吉列公司最近订购了5亿个RFID芯片,准备用来对每一套剃须刀进行跟踪。

长期以来,欧盟一直处于努力应对气候变化的前沿,并在制定两项有关该问题的重要协议中发挥了关键作用,这两项协议即1992年的《联合国气候变化框架公约》和1997年通过的《京都协议书》。

自20世纪90年代初,欧盟一直在采取认真措施解决其自身的温室气体排放问题。2000年,欧盟委员会发起了“欧洲气候变化计划”(ECCP)。由于该计划,欧盟出台了一些列新政策和新措施,其中包括具有开拓性的“欧盟排放交易体系”,该体系已成为欧盟在降低成本的同时努力减少温室气体排放的基础,同时通过立法形式应对含氟温室气体的排放问题。

监测数据和预测表明,2002年欧盟批准《京都协议书》时15个成员国将达到协议书定出的减少温室气体排放的目标,该目标要求2008-2012年排放量比1990年减少8%。

然而《京都协议书》只是第一步,其目标只设定到2012年。在《联合国气候变化框架公约》指导下,正在展开国际谈判,旨在2012年后如何采取行动应对气候变化问题达成全球协议。

2007年1月,作为气候变化与能源政策的一个组成部分,欧盟委员会在其通讯《将全球气候变化限制在2摄氏度:展望2020年及此后的前景》中提出一系列建议和方案,目的是促成一个目标远大的全球协议。欧盟领导人与2007年3月表示支持这项建议,他们承诺欧盟将在2020年把温室气体排放量减至1990年的30%,条件是根据全球协议,其他发达国家也要努力使温室气体排放量减少到同样的水平。

潮汐和太阳一样,会永远与我们相伴,至少从11世纪人们就开始利用潮涨潮落过程蕴含中的能量。在过去的几个世纪中,人们利用水推动碾磨机来加工粮食,然而直到1966年才开始大规模利用潮汐发电,那一年世界上第一座潮汐发电厂在法国开始全面运营。

这种发电厂需要大面积的潮汐,潮水穿过狭窄的海湾或河流进出,通过修建堤坝可以将这些海湾或河流截断。涨潮时,海湾或河流中的水位就会升高,退潮之前堤坝将海湾或河流关闭。退潮时,堤坝外面的水位降到堤内水位以下,此时闸门打开,储存的水向较低位置流动,就会推动涡轮机发电。

潮水有升有降,但是人们需要的是连续不断的电力,为此,利用水的落差带动水泵,将水存储在蓄水池内,以备潮汐周期之间使用。

北美第一座潮汐发电厂建在新斯科舍海滨的安纳波利斯盆地,那里最长达8.7米的海潮将水送入安纳波利斯河,当潮水再次涌出进入潘迪湾时,水流推动涡流发电机,每年可发电5000千瓦。如果该发电厂获得成功,它的经验可以用于在潘迪湾海口处建立规模更大的发电厂,那里的海潮长度为15米。然而,由于这种发电厂只能建立在有限的几个地狱,因此不可推广。

高考英语单词3500-(乱序版)

1. rat 老鼠 2. valley 山谷 3. pence 便士 4. unconditional 无条件的 5. feather 羽毛 6. zoo 动物园 7. build 建筑;建立 8. field 田野;场地 9. nationality 国籍;民族 10. salad 沙拉 11. ferry 渡口;摆渡 12. building 建筑物 13. limit 界线;限制 14. stewardess 女管家 15. water 水 16. manage 管理 17. path 小路 18. example 例子 19. purple 紫色的 20. valid 有效的 21. hurry 匆忙 22. argue 争论 23. accommodation 住处 24. mixture 混合物 25. time 时间 26. picnic 野餐 27. consensus 一致同意 28. smoke 烟 29. protection 保护 30. conscience 良心 31. sense 感觉 32. owe 亏欠 33. chant 吟唱 34. term 学期 35. urban 都市的 36. considerate 体贴的 37. afraid 害怕 38. bandage 绷带 39. table tennis 乒乓球 40. candidate 候选人 41. combine 使联合 42. hurricane 飓风 43. independent 独立的44. cancer 癌症 45. choose 选择 46. town 城镇 47. desire 要求 48. visual 视觉的 49. life 生活 50. submit 使服从;递交 51. physics 物理学 52. meaning 意思 53. country 国家 54. half 一半 55. joy 欢乐 56. adult 成年人 57. servant 仆人 58. care 关心 59. search 寻找 60. same 同一的 61. furniture 家具 62. agree 同意 63. heart 心脏 64. unemployment 失业 65. nearly 几乎 66. bond 使结合 67. master 主人 68. rise 升高 69. punish 处罚 70. monument 纪念碑 71. stick 粘贴 72. tax 征税 73. personnel 员工 74. fact 事实 75. therefore 因此 76. ox 牛 77. ocean 海洋 78. eagle 鹰 79. cloud 云 80. fiber 纤维 81. bingo 宾戈游戏 82. fortunate 幸运的 83. mommy 妈咪 84. wage 工资 85. along 沿着 86. surplus 过剩的

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高考英语词汇表3500(精选.)

a (an) art. 一(个、件……) ability n. 能力;才能 able a. 能够;有能力的 about ad. 大约;到处;四处 prep. 关于;在各处;四处above prep. 在……上面 a. 上面的ad. 在……之上abroad ad. 到(在)国外 absence n. 不在,缺席 absent a. 缺席,不在 accent n. 口音,音调 accept vt. 接受 accident n. 事故,意外的事 according to ad. 按照,根据 account n. 账目;描述 ache vi.& n. 痛,疼痛 achieve vt. 达到,取得 across prep. 横过,穿过 act n. 法令,条例 v. (戏)表演,扮演(角色), 演出(戏);行动,做事action n. 行动 active a. 积极的,主动的 activity n. 活动 actor n. 男演员 actress n. 女演员 actual a. 实际的;现实的 addvt.添加,增加 addition n. 增加;(算数用语)加 address n. 地址 admire v. 钦佩;羡慕 admission n. 准入, 接纳 admit vt. 承认,准许(入场,入学,入会) adult n. 成年人 advance v. 推进,促进;前进 advantage n. 优点;好处 adventure n. 冒险;奇遇 advertise vt. 为……做广告 advertisement n. 广告 advice n. 忠告,劝告,建议 advise vt. 忠告,劝告,建议 aeroplane n. (英)飞机 affair n. 事,事情 affect vt. 影响 afford vt. 负担得起(……的费用); 抽得出(时间);提供 afraid a. 害怕的;担心 Africa n. 非洲 African a. 非洲的,非洲人的n. 非洲人 after ad. 在后;后来conj. 在……以后 prep. 在……之后;在……后面 afternoon n. 下午,午后 afterwards ad. 后来 again ad. 再一次;再,又 against prep. 对着,反对 age n. 年龄;时代 aggression n. 侵略 aggressive a. 侵略的;咄咄逼人的 ago ad. 以前 agree v. 同意;应允 agreement n. 同意,一致;协定,协议 agricultural a. 农业的 agriculture n. 农业,农学 ahead ad. 在前,向前 aid n. 援助;救护;辅助器具 aim n.目的;目标 v. 计划,打算;瞄准;针对 air n. 空气;大气 aircraft n. 飞机(单复数同) airline n. 航空公司;航空系统 airmail n. 航空邮件 airplane n. (美)飞机 airport n. 航空站,飞机场 alarm n. 警报 alive a. 活着的,存在的 all ad. 全部地 a. 全(部);所有的;总;整 pron. 全部;全体人员 allow vt. 允许,准许 almost ad. 几乎,差不多 alone a. 单独的,孤独的 along ad. 向前;和……一起;一同 prep. 沿着;顺着 aloud ad. 大声地

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