(完整版)among_between的区别用法_全
Lesson two
among between “在……之间”，区别如下：
(1)between用于表示双方之间的关系，不论双方的数目是多少。Between+名词复数
The train runs between Beijing and Nanning.火车在北京和南宁两地间运行。There is a tree between the two houses.这两座房子之间有一棵树。
(2)among后接人或物必须是三个或三个以上，在一群、一组或一个整体中间。如：I saw him among the crowd.我看见他在人群中。
London is among the greatest cities of the world.伦敦是世界上最大的城市之一。注：在下列情况，between可用于三者：
(1)两个以上的人或物用and连接时。如：between A,B and C在A、B、C之间
(2)涉及事物之间的区别或各国之间的关系时。如：
the difference between the three of them他们三者之间的区别
the relations between various countries各国之间的关系
(3)表示“由于……合作的结果”时。如：
Between them they landed the fish.他们协力把鱼拖上了岸。
(4)在divide,share等表示“分享”之类的动词之后，若接一个表示三者或三者以上的复数名词时，用among和between均可。如：
He divided his money among[between]his five sons.他把钱分给了5个儿子。
习题：
1、Paris is______ the largest cities in the world. 巴黎是世界上最大的城市之一。
2、I found it______ a pile of old books. 我在一堆旧书中找到了它。
3、There was a fight ______ the two boys. 这两个孩子打过一次架。
4、when we talk about the universe,we mean the earth,the sun,the moon and the stars,and the spaces______them.
There be
there is /are 表示某个地方存在或有某个不确定的人或物。
该结构一般与介词短语连用，说明范围或地点场所。
There be + 某物/ 某人+ 某地
There be+ sb+sw
1，there is/are 结构中的实际主语是is/are 后面的名词。因此，假如该名词是复数，动词应是are.
There is a flower in the bottle. 瓶里有一朵花。
There is some money in the purse. 钱包里有些钱。
例:There ____ a cup on the table.
There ______ some bottles on the table.
There ______ a cup and some bottles on the table.
There _______ some bottles and a cup on the table.
2，若句子中有几个并列的主语时,be的形式要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。
如: There is a boy, a girl and two women in the house.
房子里有一个男孩,一个女孩和两个妇女。
There are ten students and a teacher in the office.
办公室里有十个学生和一个教师。
区别：there be：表示某地有某物，指没有生命的物体有。例如：There are many books in the schoolbag.
have/has: 表示有生命的人或者动物有。例如：I have many books.
3，There be 结构的句型转换
否定句
there be的否定式通常在be后加not构成(在口语中be时常与not缩写在一起)。如果句中有some,一般要变成any。如:
There are some children in the picture. →There aren't any children in the picture.
4，一般疑问句及其答语
把be提到there前,首字母大写,句末用问号即可。
其肯定答语是Yes, there is / are;否定答语为No, there isn't / aren't。
如:
There is a radio on the desk.
Is there a radio on the desk ?
Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.
规则：
is/are要提前, some 变any,其他都不变．
5，There are no students in the classroom.
=There are not any students in the classroom.
注意：There be否定句型中的not any与no可以互换。
not any强调一个都没有。
6，There be 句型的特殊疑问句形式
1.对主语提问：
当主语是人的时候，则用who 引导，
当主语是物的时候，则用what 引导。
注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。
如：
→What's over there?
→Who is in the room?
2.对地点状语提问：则用where 引导
如：
→Where is the computer?
→Where are the four children?
3.对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构：
How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语？
How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？
there be句型有时态的变化
1. there be 句型的一般过去时
There was/ were+某物/某人+其他。
思考：什么时候用was,什么时候用were
There ___a teacher and 40 students in the room yesterday.
2. there be句型的一般将来时
There will be +sb/sth +其他
There is (are) going to be+sb/sth +其他
There will be a party on Monday.
There is going to be a meeting this afternoon
3.其他结构：
There be＋sb.＋doing sth.＋地点/时间
有某人在做某事
There is a baby sleeping in the room.
树上有一只鸟正在唱歌。
There is a bird singing in the tree.
街上有两个男孩正在奔跑。
There are two boys running in the street.
语法：比较级和最高级
1、形容词和副词的比较级只限于两者之间；三者或三者以上用最高级
2、最高级在使用时，前面通常要加定冠词，并有一个短语或从句表示范围“定
冠词（the)+最高级+表示范围的短语或从句”
注：物与物之间比较，人与人之间比较，用介词of
如果后面跟一个表示范围的地点场所，则用in
如果后面跟一个从句，用that 引导，或省略不用
例：
?He is the tallest of the three boys
?John is the cleverest of us all.
?This is the largest dress in the shop.
?The ChangJiang River is the longest river in China
?This is the best film that I have ever seen.
?She is the most beautiful girl I have ever seen.
mountain 和hill 的区别：
1)mountain 的意思是“山”、“山岳”,其复数形式mountains 常表示“山脉”,
通常指比hill 大或陡峭的高山例如：
①It’s the highest mountain in the world.它是世界上最高的山.
②The city lies in a valley with high mountains all around it .城市坐落在高山环抱的山谷中.
③the Rocky Mountains 落矶山脉
Climb mountain
2）hill 的意思是“小山”、“丘岭”,通常指比mountain 小的山.例如：①They are climbing the hill .他们正在爬山.②The house stands on the top of the hill.房子位于山顶上.
go/trave to the hill
3) mountain=mount, 指大山，高山。如果表示某一专有名词，而且置于专有名词前，要用mount, 如：Mount Taishan, Mount Qumolangma.
cross,across与through的区别
cross 作动词用，“穿过，越过”的意思。主要表示在物体表面上横穿。如横过马路、过桥、过河等，与go across同义。
例如，Be careful when you cross the street.过马路时要小心。
Cross (Go across )the bridge, and you will see a big building .
过这座桥你就会看到一栋大楼。
cross作名词用是“十字架，十字形饰物”的意思。 across是介词，有“横跨，横穿，穿越”之意。
如，The Great Green Wall is across the northwest of China.绿色长城横跨
中国西北。across与go/walk等动词连用表示“穿过，越过，横穿”的意思。与cross基本同义，也是表示从物体表面经过。
例如，Go across the road , you will find the post office on your left. 横过这条公路，你会发现邮局就在你的左边。
through是介词，“在...之中，透过”的意思，常与go,walk等动词连用，表示“穿越，横穿”等意思。主要表示从物体内部穿过。如穿过森林、隧洞等。例如，The two friends were walking through the forest.这两个朋友正沿着森林走。 The sunlight comes through the glass.阳光透过玻璃。
along 和down区别
go along是沿着走的意思,比如说顺着某条路走；
go down是沿着走下去的意思,有沿着什麽走到头的涵义,比如说沿着某条路走到头.go down this street,you can see a post office.