北师大高中英语选修七同步作业：nit Langage课后限时作业3 含答案

课后限时作业(三)

[语言知识练]

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．The job __applicant__(apply) said he wouldn't mind working overtime.

2．__Various__(vary) people whom we weren't expecting turned up at the meeting.

3．She had to leave off if she couldn't be __competent__(competence) for the job.

4．He dealt with an __embarrassing__(embarrass) situation in a skillful way.

5．This article begins with a summary of the studies on __global__(globe)warming.

6．The camera is so expensive __that__ I can't afford it.

7．As a staff，you should focus your attention __on__ your work.

8．We won't go on a picnic, provided that it __rains__(rain)．

9．They managed to sign __up__ all the best performers.

10．In addition __to__ shadow boxing，I take up cycling in my spare time.

[高考题型练]

Ⅱ.阅读理解

Where do you keep ice? In the freezer, of course. That's what scientists might have thought when they were looking for a safe place to store ice from mountain glaciers(冰川) from around the world. They've decided to store ice in Antarctica(南极) because global warming is causing some of the glaciers in places like the Alps to melt.

Jerome Chappellaz of the French National Center for Scientific Research is involved in creating an ice vault(地下室) there. He says, “We are probably the only scientific community whose sample(样本) is in danger of disappearing from the face of the planet. If you work on rocks or on tree rings, the raw material is still here and will be for many centuries.”

And why do scientists need to study ice from the Alps, for example? Ice formed on the top of a mountain is made of snow accumulated over thousands of years. Trapped air bubbles(气泡) contain samples of the atmosphere that existed when that ice was formed. Ice is a record of climate. By examining ice, we know carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is higher now than in the last three million years. Researchers use this kind of data to build computer models and try to predict what might happen in the future.

The ice vault will be housed in a snow cave at the Concordia Research Station, which is operated by scientists from France and Italy. The ice samples will be sealed in bags and placed 10 meters below the surface, at a constant temperature of －50℃. This will put the scientists' minds at rest. Losing the ice samples would be a disaster, and nobody wants to see a mine of scientific knowledge lost forever in a giant pool.

语篇导读本文为说明文。科学家们决定在南极建立地下室储存冰雪样本，以帮助了解和预测全球气候变化。

1．What makes Antarctica a safe place to store ice?

A．Its large mountains.

B．Its function as a freezer.

C．The abundant ice samples there.

D．The absence of global warming.

解析B细节理解题。根据第一段可知，科学家们把南极当“冰箱”来储存冰雪样本，故选B项。

2．Why does Jerome compare ice with rocks and tree rings?

A．To show it's necessary to store ice.

B．To show it's more valuable to study ice.

C．To show ice disappears very quickly.

D．To show ice should be stored at home.

解析A推理判断题。根据第二段Jerome所说的话可知，相较于研究岩石和树木年轮的科学家(他们的样本可以存在数个世纪)，研究气候的科学家是唯一面临研究样本会消失的(由于气候变暖，冰川融化)科研群体，重在说明储存冰雪样本的必要性，故选A项。

3．What is the researchers' purpose of studying ice?

A．To learn about climate.

B．To learn about the Alps.

C．To trap air bubbles.

D．To reduce carbon dioxide.

解析A细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二、三句可知，研究冰雪是为了了解气候，故选A项。

4．What do scientists think of storing ice in Antarctica?

A．They consider it an easy job.

B．They're not optimistic about it.

C．They think it will cause disasters.

D．They think it's a reliable way.

解析D推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句可知，在南极建地下室储存冰雪样本能够使科学家们安心，由此可推断，这是个可靠的方法，故选D项。

Ⅲ.七选五

Most cars have seat belts as part of their equipment. Seat belts protect drivers and passengers in case of accidents.They also reduce the effect of a crash on the body. __1__ Worldwide, the devices have protected up to a million people.

America first recognized the invention of an automobile seat belt in 1849. The government gave a patent to an engineer named Edward Claghorn of New York City so that others would not copy his invention of a safety device. __2__ This early version of safety belt was said to include hooks and other attachments for securing the person to a fixed object.

Other inventors followed with different versions of the seat belt. __3__ It resulted from the work of a Swedish engineer, Nils Bohlin. His three－point, lap and shoulder seat belt first appeared on cars in Europe 50 years ago.

Nils Bohlin recognized that both the upper and lower body needed to be held securely in place. His invention contained a cloth strap(带子) that was placed across the chest and another strap across the hips. __4__

V olvo was the first company to offer the modern seat belt to its cars. This company also provided use of Nils Bohlin's design to other car－makers.

__5__ He received a gold medal from the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences in 1995. He died in Sweden in 2002.

A．The Swedish engineer won many honors for his seat belt.

B．Claghorn was a promising young engineer with many honors all his life.

C．The design joined the straps next to the hip.

D．There are many companies adopting Nils Bohlin's invention of the seat belt.

E．Safety experts say that seat belts save thousands of lives a year in America alone.

F．But more than 100 years passed before the current seat belt was developed.

G．Claghorn called his invention a safety belt.

语篇导读本文为说明文，主要介绍了汽车安全带的历史。

1．解析E递进关系。根据空后一句(安全带在全世界范围内挽救了多达一百万人的生命)可知，E项(安全带仅在美国一年内就挽救了数千人的生命)符合语境，故选E项。

2．解析G顺承关系。根据空前一句可知，安全带的发明者申请了专利，此处应该是讲发明者对这一发明的命名，故选G项。

3．解析F转折关系。根据上一句可知，其他的发明者有不同版本的安全带，F项(100多年过去了，现在安全带的样式被确定下来了)紧承上句，故选F项。

4．解析C顺承关系。本段介绍了Nils Bohlin设计的安全带的样式，只有C项与上文衔接自然，故选C项。

5．解析A总分关系。根据下一句可知，来自瑞典的安全带的发明者获得了很多荣誉，故选A项。

Ⅳ.语法填空

Let's explore expressions with the word “bullet”. A bullet is 1.______________ you shoot out

of gun. That used to be the way to describe the speed of the superhero—Superman—he is “faster than a speeding bullet”. Now very fast trains 2.______________(call) “bullet trains”. Bullets are not only known for their speed. They are also known for their ability to kill.3.______________，not all bullets are bad. A silver bullet is something that solves a difficult problem easily.

To ease the pain of a difficult situation, people are sometimes asked to bite the bullet. What is the origin of this expression? The story may go back to the American Civil War

4.______________ even earlier. During the Civil War, painkilling drugs were often hard

5.______________(find). So, doctors working on the battlefield

6.______________(give) their patients a piece of wood to squeeze or something soft to bite on. Many times the

7.______________(near) thing was a lead bullet. Hollywood movies helped to keep this expression alive. In old western movies, more than one cowboy was seen biting a bullet

8.______________ removing an arrow from his body. In modern conversations, “

9.______________(bite) the bullet” means to accept a difficult decision or situation.

If you want to perfect your English, there is no silver bullet. You must 10.______________(simple) practice and study as much as you can.

语篇导读本文为说明文，主要介绍了英语中含单词bullet的一些表达的来历。

1．what解析考查引导词。空处引导表语从句，并在从句中作动词shoot的宾语，故用what。

2．are called解析考查时态、语态和主谓一致。主语trains与动词call是动宾关系，故用被动语态；根据句意及Now可知，本句时态是一般现在时；主语为trains，谓语应用复数形式。

3．However解析考查副词。句意：然而，不是所有的子弹都是坏的。空处前后内容构成转折关系，且空后有逗号，故填However。

4．or解析考查连词。此处or具有不确定的意味，用于对上文提到的事物作补充说明。

5．to find解析考查非谓语动词。此处是“be＋adj.＋to do”结构，应用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义，其宾语就是句子的主语。

6．would give解析考查情态动词。“would＋动词原形”常用来表示过去经常发生的动作。

7．nearest解析考查比较等级。根据句意及定冠词the可知，此处应用最高级形式。

8．while解析考查连词。根据句意可知，此处指从他身上拔出箭的时候。空处意为“当……的时候”，故填while。

9．biting/to bite解析考查非谓语动词。此处可用动名词或动词不定式作主语。

10．simply解析考查词性转换。空处在句中作状语修饰动词practice，故用副词simply。

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