初中虚拟语气讲解及专项练习与答案(带解析)

虚拟语气专练

1.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made.

A. have read

B. had read

C. should have read

D. are reading

2.You are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier you _____ him.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ca5419107.html,e would meet

B. had come would have met

C. come will meet

D. had come would meet

3.The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years.

A. should be

B. would be

C. have been

D. had been

4.It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately.

A. speak

B. spoke

C. will speak

D. to speak

5.He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time.

A. was

B. were

C. has been

D. had been

6.If the doctor had come earlier the poor child would not _____.

A. have laid there for two hours

B. have been lied there for two hours

C. have lied there for two hours

D. have lain there for two hours

7.I wish that I _____ with you last night.

A. went

B. could go

C. have gone

D. could have gone

8.Let’s say you could go there again how _____ feel

A. will you

B. should you

C. would you

D. do you

9.I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything.

A. knew

B. knows

C. has known

D. had known

10._____ the fog we should have reached our school.

A. Because of

B. In spite of

C. In case of

D. But for

11.If you had told me in advance I _____ him at the airport.

A. would meet

B. would had met

C. would have met

D. would have meet

12.Mike can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he_____ me how.

A. teaches

B. will teach

C. has taught

D. would teach

13.I would have told him the answer had it been possible but I _____ so busy then.

A. had been

B. were

C. was

D. would be

14.He’s working hard for fear that he _____.

A. should fall behind

B. fell behind

C. may fall behind

D. would fallen behind

15.If it _____ another ten minutes the game would have been called off.

A. had rained

B. would have rained

C. have seen

D. rained

16.He suggested that they _____ use a trick instead of fighting.

A. Should

B. would

C. do

D. had

17.My father did not go to New York the doctor suggested that he _____ there.

A. not went

B. won’t go

C. not go

D. not to go

18.I would have gone to the meeting if I _____ time.

A. had had

B. have had

C. had

D. would have had

19.Would you rather I _____ buying a new bike

A. decided against

B. will decide against

C. have decided

D. shall decide against

20.You look so tired tonight. It is time you _____.

A. go to sleep

B. went to sleep

C. go to bed

D. went to bed

21.—Why didn’t you buy a new car —I would have bought one if I _____ enough money.

A. had

B. have had

C. would have

D. had had

22.If she could sew _____.

A. she make a dress

B. she would have made a shirt

C. she will make a shirt

D. she would had made a coat

23._____ today he would get there by Friday.

A. Would he leave

B. Was he leaving

C. Were he to leave

D. If he leaves

24.His doctor suggested that he _____ a short trip abroad.

A. will take

B. would take

C. take

D. took

25.The Bakers arrived last night. If they’d only let us know earlier_____ at the station.

A. we’d meet them

B. we’ll meet them

C. we’d have met them

D. we’ve met them

26.If I _____ you I _____ more attention to English idioms and phrases.

A. was shall pay

B. am will pay

C. would be would pay

D. were would pay

27.We might have failed if you _____ us a helping hand.

A. have not given

B. would not give

C. had not given

D. did not give

28.The law requires that everyone _____ his car checked at least once a year.

A. has

B. had

C. have

D. will have

29.It is strange that he _____ so.

A. would say

B. would speak

C. should say

D. will speak

30.Had I known her name _____

A. or does she know mine

B. and where does she live

C. she would be beautiful.

D. I would have invited her to lunch.

31.He has just arrived but he talks as if he _____ all about that.

A. know

B. knows

C. known

D. knew

32.If I _____ the money I would have bought a much bigger car.

A.possessed

B. owned

C. had

D. had had

33.He was very busy yesterday otherwise he _____ to the meeting.

A. would come

B. came

C. would have come

D. will come

34.The librarian insists that John _____ no more books from the library before he returns all the books he has borrowed.

A. will take

B. took

C. take

D. takes

35.I left very early last night but I wish I _____ so early.

A. didn’t leave

B. hadn’t left

C. haven’t left

D. couldn’t leave

36.I do not have a job. I would find one but I _____ no time.

A. had

B. didn’t have

C. had had

D. have

37.I wish that you _____ such a bad headache because I’m sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.

A. hadn’t

B. didn’t have had

C. hadn’t had

D. hadn’t have

38.He insisted that we all _____ in his office at one o’clock.

A. be

B. to be

C. would be

D. shall be

39.Helen couldn’t go to France after all. That’s too bad. I’m sure she woul d have enjoyed it if _____.

A. she’s gone

B. she’ll go

C. she’d gone

D. she’d go

40.I must go there earlier. John has suggested that I _____ an hour before the discussion begins.

A. go

B. shall go

C. will go

D. would go

英语虚拟语气讲解

语气(mood) 是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。

英语中的语气有三种：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。

直陈语气(indicative mood),表示所说的话是事实。

祈使语气(imperative mood),表示所说的话是请求或命令。

虚拟语气(subjunctive mood),表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。

一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用

学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。

如：If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。

Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。

虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。

条件从句主句

与现在事实相反If 主语+动词过去式（be的过去式用were）

should （would, might，could）

+动词原形

与过去事实相反If 主语+had+过去分词

should （would, might，could）

+ have ＋过去分词

与将来事实可能相反

If 主语+动词过去式（be的过去式用were）；

should＋动词原形；were to＋动词原形

should （would, might，could）

+动词原形

1.与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+动词原形。

如：If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。

（事实是：天在下雨，我们不能出去野餐。表示愿望。）

If he came here, he might be able to help you. 如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。

（事实是：他没来这，他不可能帮助你。表示对他的良好印象。）

2.与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用had+过去分词，主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+ have ＋过去分词。

如：She would have gone to the party if she had been invited.

要是当初她被邀请的话，她就会去参加这次聚会了。

（事实是：当时没有人邀请她，因此，她没有来参加聚会。表示后悔。）

If she hadn't called me, I would have overslept this morning.

今天早上，她要是不叫我的话，我就会睡过头了。

（事实是：她今天早上叫我了，我没有睡过头。表示感激。）

3. 与将来事实可能相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were)；should＋动词原形；were to＋动词原形，主句用should （would, might，could）+动词原形。

如：If I were to be twenty years old next year, I would take the course of French.

明年我要是二十岁，我就会学法语。（事实是：我现在已经老了，明年我学不了法语了。）

If it should fail, I would try again.要是失败了，我会再试一次。（事实是：有可能失败，可我会再试。表示未知。） 虚拟过去式有时并不表示“不大可能实现的假设”，而是表示一种希望或不希望发生的动作。

如：

If we caught the early train, we’d get there by lunch time.

假如我们赶上早班火车，到午饭时间我们就会到达那里了。(表希望)

If we missed the train, we should have to wait an hour at the station.

假如我们赶不上这班火车，我们就得在车站等一小时。（表不希望）

4. 混合型的条件句

当条件从句与主句所表的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。主句和从句的谓语动词并不相互呼应，这种条件句叫混合条件句。较多见的混合型条件句是从句用过去完成时（指过去行为），而主句用一般时（指目前状态）。

He would pass the test if he had taken my advice．如果他听了我的劝告，他现在会通过考试。

If I had spoken to him yesterday, I should know what to do now. 假如昨天我对他说了，现在我就知道该怎么办了。

You would be much better now if you had taken my advice. 假如你接受了我的意见，你现在就会好得多。

如条件从句用if I were...，主句则可用表任何时间的虚拟形式。

如：

If I were not busy, I would have come. 假如我不忙，我就会去了。(were表过去)

If I were you, I would go. 假如我是你，我会去的。(were表现在)

二. 连词if的省略

如果虚拟条件句的谓语部分有were，had和should时，可省略if，把were，had和should放到从句主语前面去，多见于书面语。

Had you not helped me，I should have failed. 要是没有你的帮助，我就失败了。

Were you in my position, you would do the same. 假如你处在我的地位，你也会这样干的。

Should they attack us, we’ll wipe them out completely.假如他们进攻我们，我们就把他们彻底消灭干净。

三. 含蓄条件句

虚拟条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。含蓄条件句大体有三种情况。

1) 条件暗含在短语中。

如：But for your help we couldn’t have succeeded in the experiment.

如果没有你的帮助，我们的实验是不会成功的。(暗含在分词短词but for your help)

What would I have done without you? 如没有你，我会怎么办呢？(条件暗含在介词短语without you 中)

It would be easier to do it this way. 这样做会比较容易。(条件暗含在不定式短语to do it this way中)

This same thing, happening in wartime, amount to disaster. 同样的事，如发生在战时，就会酿成大祸。(条件暗含在分词短语happening in wartime 中)

He must have the strength of a hippopotamus, or he never could have vanquished that great beast. 他一定是力大如河马，否则他绝不会击败那只庞大的野兽。(暗含条件是连词or)

Alone, he would have been terrified. 如是单独一人，他是会感到害怕的。(暗含条件是alone)

2) 条件暗含在上下文中。

如：

You might stay here forever. 你可以永远待在这儿。(可能暗含if you wanted to)

We would have succeeded. 我们本来是会成功的。(可能暗含if we had kept trying)

Your reputation would be ruined. 你的名誉会败坏的。(可能暗含if you should accept it)

3) 在不少情况下，虚拟式已变成习惯说法，很难找出其暗含的条件。

如：You wouldn’t know. 你不会知道。

I would like to come. 我愿意来。

四. 不用if引导的条件从句

虚拟条件句中的条件从句除用if引外，还可用when, unless, lest, suppose, as if, for fear, in case, on condition 等词语来引导。

如：The peasants prepared to feed the city when it should be freed. 农民已准备在这座城市解放后供给粮食。

Lest you should not have heard all, I shall begin at the beginning. 我怕你没有听全，所以我再从头开始讲一遍。

Unless I were well, I wouldn’t be at school. 除非我好了，否则我不会上学。

Suppose you were given a chance to study in America , would you accept?

假如给你一个到美国学习的机会，你会接受吗？（suppose 或supposing =what if）

Supposing it were so？（=Supposing it were so，what would happen？）要是这样的话，会怎么样呢？

He can use the bicycle on condition that he should return it tomorrow如果明天能还回来，他就可以借用这辆自行车。In case I forget , please remind me of my promise 如果我忘了，请提醒我的诺言。

Susan is walking slowly ,as if she were tired. 苏珊走得很慢，就像是累了似的。

与if一样，上述词语所引导的条件从句亦可用直陈语气，表可能实现或发生的事。

1—5 BBDAD 6—10 DDCAD11—15 CDCAA16—20 ACAAD 21—25 DBCCC 26—30 DCCCD31—35 DDCCB 36—39 DCAC 解析：

1.wish后面用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。

2.条件句表示与过去事实相反，主句用过去将来完成时，从句用过去完成时。

3.as if后面如果表示真实情况就不用虚拟。

4.It is important that是主语从句的虚拟语气，从句用sb. should do的形式。

5.as if后面是真实情况，不虚拟。

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ca5419107.html,in是lie的过去分词，表示“躺”。

7.could have done表示“本来可以”。

8.与将来相反的虚拟语气，主句用过去将来时。

9.as if表示不可能发生的事情时用虚拟语气。

10.but for表示“要不是……的话”，通常与虚拟语气搭配使用。

11.in advance表示“事先”，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。

12.wish的宾语从句表示发生在将来的愿望用过去将来时。

13.but的并列句表示真实情况，不用虚拟语气。

14.for fear that后面的状语从句用sb. should do的形式。

15.表示与过去事实相反，主句用过去将来完成时，从句用过去完成时。

16.suggest后面的宾语从句用sb. should do的形式。

17.suggest后面的从句用sb. should do的形式，should可以省略。

18.表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。

19.would rather的宾语从句用sb. did的形式。

20.It is time后面的定语从句用sb. did的形式。

21.第一个had是过去完成时，第二个had表示“有”。

22.would have done是过去将来完成时，表示与过去相反的虚拟语气。

23.这是虚拟语气的倒装形式，把if去掉，助动词提前。

24.suggest后面的从句用sb. should do的形式，should可以省略。

25.表示与过去事实相反，主句用过去将来完成时。

26.在虚拟语气中，不管什么人称，be动词都要用were的形式。

27.表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。

28.require后面的从句用sb. should do的形式，should可以省略。

29.It is strange that是主语从句的虚拟语气，从句用sb. should do的形式。

30.had I known是与过去相反的虚拟语气的倒装形式。

31.as if表示不可能发生的事情时用虚拟语气。

32.第一个had是过去完成时，第二个had表示“有”。

33.otherwise经常可以搭配虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反。

34.当insist表示“坚持认为”时不用虚拟形式。

35.wish后面用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。

36.but的并列句表示真实情况，不用虚拟语气。

37.wish后面用虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反用过去完成时。

38.当insist表示“坚持要求”时从句用虚拟形式。

39.表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。

(完整版)虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题[1]

虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题 虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动 作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种： 一.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句 注意:主句中的should 通常用于第一人称,would 可用于任何人称,同时 也可根据意思用情态动词could,might 等代替should,would 。 If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately. country. 3.与将来事实相反 If it were to/should rain tomorrow,the meeting would be put off. If you went there next time, you would see what I mean. 4.错综时间虚拟语气 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,动 词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。例如: If I were you, I would have gone home.

If you had followed the doctor's advice,you would be quite all right now.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在。) If the weather had been more favorable ,the crops would be growing still better. 状语从句 1. 方式状语as if(as though) 如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时;表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用"had+过去分词";表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用"would(might,could)+动词原形"。例如: He looks at me as if I were mad. He spoke English so fluently as if he had studied English in England. 但as if(as though)后的从句也常用陈述语气,这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的或可能被设想为真实的。例如: It looks as if our side is going to win. 2.目的状语in order that,so that 从句谓语动词用" may/might,can/could)+动词原形"。例如: She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wanted. 3. 连词引导的条件状语从句: in case , unless ,supposing ,providing,on condition that从句谓语动词用(should)或" might, could)+动词原形"。 4. 连词引导的步状语从句: lest ,for fear that等 We hid behind some bushes for fear that passer-by should see us. 二.虚拟语气用于宾语从句 注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。 He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking. They demanded that the black people should be treated as well as white people. 如果that 引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。 He insists that he is right.

虚拟语气练习题及答案解析

情态动词、虚拟语气60题 1. ——Don’t forget to bring my new books tomorrow afternoon. —— No, I＿＿＿＿＿＿＿. A. don’t B. can’t C. won’t D. couldn’t 2. ——I hear you’ve got a set of Australian coins.＿＿＿I have a look? —— Yes, certainly. A. Do B. May C.Shall D. Should 3. He seldom listens to others. He＿＿＿＿＿answer for what he has done. A. shall B. will C. can D. would 4. ——May I leave the office before 5 o’clock in the afternoon? ——No, I’m afraid you＿＿＿＿＿＿＿. A. needn’t B. shouldn’t C. mustn't D. won’t 5. —— Shall I tell John about it? —— No, you＿＿＿＿. I don’t know his telephone number. A. needn’t B. wouldn’t C. mustn’t D. shouldn’t 6. Mr Bush is on time for everything. How＿＿＿it be that he was late for the opening ceremony? A. can B. should C. may D. must 7. The traffic light is red, so I＿＿＿＿＿＿stop my car. A. must B. have to C. can D. mustn’t 8. —— What happened to the young trees we planted? —— The trees＿＿＿＿＿＿well, but I didn’t water them. A. might grow B. needn’t have grown C. would grow D. would have grown 9. I was really anxious about you. You＿＿＿home without a word. A. mustn’t leave B. shouldn’t have left C. couldn’t have left D. needn’t leave 10. Children＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿in public very often. A. should be praised B. shouldn’t have praised C. shouldn’t have be en praised D. shouldn’t be praised 11. Let’s clean the classroom, ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿?

(英语)初中英语虚拟语气模拟试题及解析

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复习专题虚拟语气专项练习题及答案 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．–I argued with my best friend. What should I do? --If I ________ you, I would say sorry to her. A．am B．was C．are D．were 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：句意：我和我最好的朋友吵架了。我该怎么办？如果我是你，我就对她说对不起。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。在虚拟条件语气句中，表示与现在事实相反的事实，条件从句中的谓语动词用过去式（be用were不用was），主句谓语动词为“would+原形动词”，所以选D。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．If I you, I give it to Microsoft research. A．am, will B．am, would C．were, would D．was, would 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：如果我是你，我会把它交给微软研究部。 考查虚拟语气。根据If I you，这是一个虚拟语气，此句虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设，即与现在事实相反，谓语动词用过去式；该语法主要用于if条件状语从句，本句“如果我是你”，be动词用were，后面主句用过去将来时would＋动词原形，故答案选C。 3．I suggest that we Chinese people_______Chinese culture with love and joy everywhere we go. A．spread B．spreading C．to spread D．will spread 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我建议我们中国人无论走到哪里都要带着爱心和欢乐来传播中国文化， 考查动词suggest后跟虚拟语气。spread是动词原形；spreading是动名词；to spread是动词不定式；will spread是一般将来时。动词在这里suggest表示建议，后面宾语从句中使用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可以省略。根据句意说明本句的suggest表示建议，故后面使用虚拟语气，省略了should，故选A。 【点睛】 动词suggest 后面可以跟名词作宾语，用于句型“suggest sth.”。如：I suggested a visit. 我提议参观。 suggest 后跟动名词作宾语，如：He suggested going home. 他提议回家。 suggest后面跟that引导的宾语从句时，用虚拟语气，一般省略情态动词should，所以本题选项是A。

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初中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习 英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。 虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 如果假设的情况可能发生，是真实条件句，这种情况下谓语用陈述语气。如：If time permits, we'll go fishing together.如果时间允许，我们就一起去钓鱼。 如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如：If you had come yesterday, you would have met that famous professor.如果你昨天来，你就会见到那位著名的教授了。（隐含的事实是：你昨天没来，也没见到那位著名教授）。 虚拟语气的基本形式和用法在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。 1. 含有条件状语从句的复合句 wish（would rather）+宾语从句 suggest（…）+宾语从句 2. 主语从句 It is + adj./p.p/n.+ that+ S+ (should) +do 表语从句S+is that +s + (should) +do 同位语从句 S+that +s +(should) +do 3. 定语从句 It is (high) time that + S + did 用过去式表现在情况 1. 时态后退型用过去完成式表过去 两种形式用过去将来表将来 2. should+动词原形型 内容详述 I. 含有条件状语从句的复合句(以do为例;S=主语) 时间条件状语从句主句 与现在事实相反的假设 If +S+did…S+would/should/could/might+do… 与过去事实相反的假 设 If +S+had done… S+would/should/could/might+have done… 与将来事实相反的假设did… If+S should do were to do S+would/should/could/might+do… 注意事项：

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虚拟语气 第一部分：语气的定义和种类 1 语气(mood) 语气是动词的一种形式，表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 2 语气的种类 ⑴、陈述语气：表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如： ①There are two sides to every question.每个问题都有两个方面。 ②Were you busy all day yesterday?昨天一整天你都很忙吗？ ③How good a teacher she is!她是多好的一位老师啊！ ⑵、祈使语气：表示说话人对对方的请求或命令。如： ①Never be late again!再也不要迟到了。 ②Don’t forget to turn off the light.别忘了关灯。 ⑶、虚拟语气：表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如： ①If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。 ②I wish I could pass the examination.我希望我能通过考试。 ③May you succeed!祝您成功！ 虚拟语气在语法里算得上是个难点。让我们就从最简单的开始吧。 第二部分：简单句中的虚拟语气 一、情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人的谦虚、客气、有礼貌、或委婉的语气，常用于日常会话中。如： ⑴.Would you be kind enough to show me the way to the post office?请你告诉我去邮局的路好吗？ ⑵.It would be better for you not to stay up too late.你最好别熬夜到很晚。 二、表祝愿。 1、常用“may+动词原形”表示祝愿，但愿，此时may须置于句首（多用于正式文体中）。 ⑴、May good luck be yours!祝你好运！ ⑵、May you be happy!祝你快乐！ ⑶、May you do even better!祝你取得更大成就！ ⑷、May you have a good time. 祝愿你玩的痛快。 ⑸、May the friendship between us last long. 祝愿我们的友情天长地久。 ⑹、May you be happy. (注意那个be ) 祝你幸福。 2、用动词原形。例如： (1).Long live the people! 人民万岁！ (2).“God bless you,”said the priest.牧师说：“愿上帝保佑你！” (3).Have a good journey! 祝愿你旅途愉快！ 三、表示强烈愿望。（该类型虚拟语气谓语仅用动词原形，第三人称单数也不加“s”） (1).God save me． (2).Heaven help us． 四、表命令 1.命令虚拟语气只能用在第二人称(you)，而且通常省略主语(也就是you)。 2.句子尾通常加上感叹号：！ 3.虚拟语气动词用一般现在时态(Simple Present)，如：work, be , go 4.否定形式的命令语气，可用助动词do，加上not。 (1). Work ! (2). Work harder ! (3). Be more alert ! (虚拟语气动词Be) (4). You go out ! (5). Do not work so hard. (do not 表示否定的虚拟语气) (6). Don't be afraid. (口语中常用don't 代替do not) 五、在一些习惯表达中。如： (1).You’d better set off now.你最好现在就出发。 (2).I’d rather not tell you the secret.我情愿不告诉你这个秘密。 第三部分：名词性从句中的虚拟语气 第一节：宾语从句(Subordinate Clause)中的虚拟语气 一、在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气 在动词wish后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气，常省去宾语从句的引导词that。 一）、对现在情况的虚拟（与现在的事实相反）： 从句用过去式或过去进行式(时间上是同时的)。其句子结构为：宾语从句的谓语be和were(was)，实义动词用过去式。例： 1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.(wish, 动词过去式knew)我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道) 2. I wish it were spring in my hometown all the year around.(wish, were)但愿我的家乡四季如春。(事实上不可能) 3. I wish I were a bird.(wish, were)但愿我是只小鸟。(事实上不可能) 4. When she was at the party, she wished she were at home.(wished,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不在家) 5. Now that he is in China, he wishes he understood Chinese.(wishes,过去虚拟动词understood) 现在他在中国，他希望能懂得中文。(事实上并不懂) 6. When we begin the trip, they will wish they were with us.(will wish,过去虚拟动词were)(事实上并不和我们在一起)