2010年英语专四真题与详解答案解答
2010 年专四试题
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2010-GRADE FOUR-
TIME LIMIT: 135 MIN
PART I DICTATION [15 MIN]
Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.
Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.
PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]
SECTION A CONVERSATIONS
Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation,
you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.
1.The following details have been checked during the conversation EXCEPT
A. number of travelers.
B. number of tour days.
C. flight details.
D. room services.
2.What is included in the price?
A. Air tickets and local transport.
B. Local transport and meals.
C. Air tickets, local transport and breakfast.
D. Air tickets, local transport and all meals.
3.Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
A.The traveler is reluctant to buy travel insurance.
B.The traveler is ready to buy travel insurance.
C.The traveler doesn't have to buy travel insurance.
D.Travel insurance is not mentioned in the conversation.
Questions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of'the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.
4.Which of the following details is CORRECT?
A.Mark knows the exact number of airport buses.
B.Mark knows the exact number of delegates' spouse.
C.Mark doesn't know the exact number of delegates yet.
D. Mark doesn't know the number of guest speakers.
5.What does Linda want to know?
A.The arrival time of guest speakers.
B.The departure time of guest speakers.
C.The type of transport for guest speakers.
D.The number of guest speakers.
6.How many performances have been planned tbr the conference?
A.One.
B. Two.
C. Three.
D. Not mentioned.
7.Who will pay for the piano performance?
A. Pan-Pacific Tours.
B. Johnson & Sons Events.
C. Conference delegates.
D. An airline company.
Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of'the conversation,you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.
8. What is NOT missing in Mary's briefcase?
A. Her cheque book.
B. Her papers for work.
C. Her laptop.
D. Her appointment book.
9. Where was Mary the whole morning?
A. At the police station.
B. At a meeting.
C. In her client's office.
D. In the restaurant.
10.Why was Mary sure that the briefcase was hers in the end?
A.The papers inside had the company's name.
B.The briefcase was found in the restaurant.
C.The restaurant manager telephoned James.
D.The cheque book inside bore her name.
SECTION B PASSAGES
In this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, yott will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.
11.We learn from the passage that about two-thirds of the courses are taught through
A. the School of Design and Visual Arts.
B. the School of Social Work.
C. the School of Business.
D. the Arts and Sciences program.
12.What is the cost of undergraduate tuition?
A. Twenty thousand dollars.
B. Thirty thousand dollars.
C. Twenty-seven thousand dollars.
D. Thirty-eight thousand dollars.
13.International students can receive all the following types of financial assistance
EXCEPT A. federal loans. B. private loans.
C. scholarships.
D. monthly payment plans.
Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be gven 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.
14. According to the passage, mothers in ____ spend more time looking after children.
A. France
B. America
C. Denmark
D. Australia
15.Which of the following activities would Australian fathers traditionally participate in?
B. Feeding and bathing children.
C. Taking children to the park and to school.
D. Taking children to watch sports events.
16. According to the study, the "new man" likes to
A. spend more time at work.
B. spend more time with children.
C. spend time drinking after work.
D. spend time on his computer.
17.It is suggested in the passage that the "new man" might be less acceptable in
A. France.
B. Britain.
C. Australia.
D. Denmark.
Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.
18.The services of the new partnership are provided mainly to
A. mothers of infected babies.
B. infected children and women.
C. infected children in cities.
D. infected women in cities.
19.Which of the following details about Family Health International is INCORRECT?
A. It is a nonprofit organization.
B. It provides public health services.
C. It carries out research on public health.
D. It has worked in five countries till now.
20.The example of Cambodia mainly shows
A. the importance of government support.
B. the importance of public education efforts.
C. the progress the country has made so far.
D. the methods used to fight AIDS.
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
In this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.
Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.
21. According to the news, the victim was
A. a 17-year-old girl.
B. a 15-year-old boy.
C. a 23-year-old woman.
D. an l 8-year-old man.
22.We learn from the news that the suspects were
arrested A. one month later. B. two months later.
C. immediately.
D. two weeks later.
Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
23.The Iraqi par liament can vote on the security agreement only after
A. all parties have agreed on it.
B. the US troops have pulled out.
C. the cabinet has reviewed it.
D. the lawmakers have returned from Mecca.
24.According to the news, the US troops are expected to completely pull out
by A. mid-2009. B. the end of 2009.
C. mid-2011.
D. the end of 2011.
Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be
given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
25.The following are involved in the operations to rescue the children in Honduras
C. the prison authorities.
D. Institute of Childhood and Family.
26.What punishment would parents face if they allowed their children to beg?
A. To be imprisoned and fined.
B. To have their children taken away.
C.
To be handed over to the authorities. D. None.
Question 27 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item. you will be
given 5seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.
27.What is the news item about?
A. Coastlines in Italy.
B. Public use of the beach.
C. Swimming and bathing.
D. Private bathing clubs.
Question 28 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given
5 seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.
28.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the news?
A. The airport was shut down for Friday.
B. There was a road accident involving two buses.
C. Local shops were closed earlier than usual.
D. Bus service was stopped for Friday.
Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you
will begiven 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
29.How many people were rescued from the apartment building?
A. 17.
B. 24.
C. 21.
D. 41.
30.Which of the following details in the news is CORRECT?
A. The rescue operation involved many people.
B. The cause of the explosions has been determined.
C. Rescue efforts were stopped on Thursday.
D. The explosions didn't destroy the building.
PART III CLOZE[15 MIN]
Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage it" inserted in thecorresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
How men first learned to i nvent words is unknown; (31)____, the origin of language is
a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain
(32)____ to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, (33)____ they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed (34)____ certain signs, called letters, which could be (35)____ to represent those sounds, and which could be (36)_____. Those sounds, whether spoken, (37)_____ written in letters, we call words.
The power of words, then, lies in their (38)____ the things they bring up before our minds. Words become (39)____ with meaning for us by experience; (40)._____ the longer we live, the more certain words (41)_____ to us the happy and sad events of our past: and the more we (42)____, the more the number of words that mean something to us (43)____ Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal (44)____ to our minds and emotions. This (45)._____ and telling use of words is what we call (46)____ style. Above all, the real poet is a master of (47)____. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which (48)_____ their position and association can (49)____ men to tears. We should, therefore, learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will (50)____ our speech or writing silly and vulgar.
(31)A. in addition B. in other words C. in a word D. in summary
(32)A. sounds B. gestures C. signs D. movements
(33)A. such that B. as that C. so that D. in that
(34)A. in B. with C. of D. upon
(35)A. spelt B. combined C. written D copied
(36)A. written down B. handed down C. remembered D. observed
(37)A. and B. yet C. also D. or
(38)A. functions B. associations C. roles D. links
(39)A. filled B. full C. live D. active
(40)A. but B. or C. yet D. and
(41 ) A. reappear B. recall C. remember D. recollect
(42)A. read and think B. read and recall C. read and learn D. read and recite
(43)A. raises B. increases C. improves D. emerges
(44)A. intensively B. extensively C. broadly D. powerfully
(45)A. charming B. academic C. conventional D. common
(46)A. written B. spoken C. literary D. dramatic
(47)A. signs B. words C. style D. sound
(48)A. in B. on C. over&n bsp; D. by
(49)A. move B. engage C. make D. force
(50)A. transform B. change C. make D. convert
PART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY[15 MIN]
There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
51.Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?
A.Why don't you do it for the sake of your friends?
B.I wish I could write as well as you.
C.For all his efforts, he didn't get an A.
D.Her eyes were red from excessive reading.
52.Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She ____ by bus.
A. must have gone
B. should have gone
C. ought to have gone
D. could have gone
53.He feels that he is not yet ____ to travel abroad.
A. too strong
B. enough strong
C. so strong
D. strong enough
54.After____ seemed an endless wait, it was his turn to enter the personnel manager's office.
A. that
B. it
C. what
D. there
55.Fool ____ Jerry is, he could not have done such a thing.
A. who
B. as
C. like
D. that
56.Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?
A.They each have two tickets.
B.They cost twenty yuan each.
C.Each they have bought the same book.
D.They were given two magazines each.
57.She seldom goes to the theatre, _____?
A. doesn't she
B. does she
C. would she
D. wouldn't she
58. Dr Johnson is head of the department, ____ an expert in translation.
A. or
B. either
C. but
D. and
59.When one has good health, _____ should feel fortunate.
A. you
B. they
C. he
D. we
60.It is necessary that he ____ the assignment without delay.
A. hand in
B. hands in
C. must hand in
D. has to hand in
61.In the sentence "It's no use waiting for her", the italicized phrase is)____.
A. the object
B. an adverbial
C. a complement
D. the subject
62.Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?
A.All his lectures are very interesting.
B.Half their savings were gone.
C.Many his friends came to the party.
D.Both his sisters are nurses.
63.Which of the following sentences has an object complement?
A.The directors appointed John manager.
B.I gave Mary a Christmas present.
C.You have done Peter a favour.
D.She is teaching children English.
64.Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete "We've seen the film ____"?
A. before
B. recently
C. lately
D. yet
65. _____ should not become a serious disadvantage in life and work.
A. To be not tall
B. Not being tall
C. Being not tall
D. Not to be tall
66.Due to personality _____, the two colleagues never got on well in work.
A. contradiction
B.conflict
C. confrontation
D. competition
67.During the summer vacation, kids are often seen hanging _____ in the streets.
A. about
B. on
C. over
D. out
68.There were 150 ____ at the international conference this summer.
A. spectators
B. viewers
C. participants
D. onlookers
69.School started on a ____ cold day in February.
A. severe
B. bitter
C. such
D. frozen
70.In the face of unexpected difficulties, he demonstrated a talent for quick, ____ action.
A. determining
B. defensive
C. demanding
D. decisive
71.The team has been working overtime on the research project ____.
A. lately
B.just now
C. late
D. long ago
72.Because of the economic crisis, industrial output in the region remained
A. motionless
B. inactive
C. stagnant
D. immobile
73.The police had difficulty in ____ the fans fi'om rushing on to the stage to take photos with the singer.
A. limiting
B. restraining
C. confining
D. restricting
74.Joan is in the dorm, putting the final ____ to her speech.
A. details
B. remarks
C. comments
D. touches
75.His_____ in gambling has eventually brought about his ruin.
A. indulgence
B. habit
C. action
D. engagement
76.The teacher told the students to stay in the classroom and they did _____.
77.You can actually see the deer at close range while driving through that area. The italicizedphrase means _____.
A. clearly
B. very near
C. quickly
D. very hard
78. He listened hard but still couldn't what they were talking about.
A. make over
B. make up
C. make upon
D. make out
79. For the advertised position, the company offers a(n) salary and benefits package.
A. generous
B. plentiful
C. abundant
D. sufficient
80. As there was no road, the travelers ____ up a rocky slope on their way back.
A. ran
B. hurried
C. scrambled
D. crawled
PART V READING COMPREHENSION[25 MIN]
In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
TEXT A
What is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science?We all know that science plays an important role in the societies in which we live. Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. The first of these is the application of the machines, products and systems of applied knowledge that scientists and technologists develop. Through technology, science improves the structure of society and helps man to gain increasing control over his environment.
The second aspect is the application by all members of society of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work.
What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is full of curiosity - he wants to find out how and why the universe works. He usually directs his attention towards problems which he notices have no satisfactory explanation, and his curiosity makes him look for underlying relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected. Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves.
He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective and applies logical thought to the observations he makes. He utilizes the facts he observes to the fullest extent. For example, trained observers obtain a very large amoun
t of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum.
He is skeptical - he does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available - and therefore rejects authority as the sole basis for truth. Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively to verify them.
Furthermore, he is not only critical of the work of others, but also of his own, since he knows that man is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation.
Lastly, he is highly imaginative since he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete. Furthermore, he needs
place.
These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist
thinks and acts.
81.Many people believe that science helps society to progress
through A. applied knowledge.
B. more than one aspect.
C. technology only.
D. the use of machines.
82.Which of the following statements is INCORRECT about curiosity?
A. It gives the scientist confidence and pleasure in work.
B.It gives rise to interest in problems that are unexplained.
C.It leads to efforts to investigate potential connections.
D.It encourages the scientist to look for new ways of acting.
83.According to the passage, a successful scientist would not
A. easily believe in unchecked statements.
B. easily criticize others' research work.
C. always use his imagination in work.
D. always use evidence from observation.
84.What does the passage mainly discuss?
A.Application of technology.
B.Progress in modem society.
C. Scientists' ways of thinking and acting.
D. How to become a successful scientist.
85. What is the author's attitude towards the topic?
A. Critical.
B. Objective.
C. Biased.
D. Unclear.
TEXT B
Over the past several decades, the U.S., Canada, and Europe have received a great deal of media and even research attention over unusual phenomena and unsolved mysteries. These include UFOs as well as sightings and encounters with "nonhuman creatures" such as Bigfoot and the Loch Ness monster. Only recently has Latin America begun to receive some attention as well. Although the mysteries of the Aztec, Mayan, and Inca civilizations have been known for centuries, now the public is also becoming aware of unusual, paranormal phenomena in countries such as Peru.
The Nazca "lines" of Peru were discovered in the 1930s. These lines are deeply
carved into a flat, stony plain, and form about 300 intricate pictures of animals such as birds,
a monkey, and a lizard. Seen at ground level, the designs are a jumbled senselessmess. The images are so large that they can only be viewed at a height of 1,000 feet - meaning from an aircraft. Yet there were no aircraft in 300 B.C., when it is judged the designs were made. Nor were there then, or are there now, any nearby mountain ranges from which to view them. So how and why did the native people of Nazca create these marvelous designs? One answer appeared in 1969, when the German researcher and writer Erich von Daniken proposed that the lines were drawn by extraterrestrials as runways for their aircraft. The scientific
community did not take long to scoffat and abandon von Daniken's theory. Over the years several other theories have been put forth, but none has been accepted by the scientific
community.
Today there is a new and heightened interest in the Nazca lines. It is a direct result
of the creation of the Internet. Currently there a
re over 60 sites dedicated to this mystery from Latin America's past, and even respected scientists have joined the discussion through e-mail and chat rooms.
Will the Internet help explain these unsolved mysteries? Perhaps it is a step in the
right direction.
86. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
A. Latin America has long received attention for unusual phenomena.
B. Public attention is now directed towards countries like Peru.
C. Public interest usually focuses on North America and Europe.
D. Some ancient civilizations have unsolved mysteries.
87. According to the passage, the Nazca lines were found
A. in mountains.
B. in stones.
C. on animals.
D. on a plain.
88.We can infer from the passage that the higher the lines are seen, the ____ the images they present.
A. smaller
B. larger
C. clearer
D. brighter
89.There has been increasing interest in the Nazca lines mainly because of
A. the participation of scientists.
B. the emergence of the lnternet.
C. the birth of new theories.
D. the interest in the Internet.
90.The author is ____ about the role of the lnternet in solving mysteries.
A. cautious
B. pessimistic
C. uncertain
D. optimistic
TEXT C
Graduation speeches are a bit like wedding toasts. A few are memorable. The rest
tend to trigger such thoughts as, "Why did I wear such uncomfortable shoes?"
But graduation speeches are less about the message than the messenger. Every year a few colleges and universities in the US attract attention because they've managed to book high-profile speakers. And, every year, the media report some of these speakers' wise remarks.
Last month, the following words of wisdom were spread:
"You really haven't completed the circle of success unless you can help somebody else
move forward." (Oprah Winfrey, Duke University).
"There is no way to stop change; change will come. Go out and give us a future worthy of the world we all wish to create together." (Hillary Clinton, New York University).
"'This really is your moment. History is yours to bend." (Joe Biden, Wake Forest University).
Of course, the real "get" of the graduation season was first lady Michelle Obama's appearanceat the University of California, Merced. "Remember that you are blessed," she told the class of 2009, "Remember that in exchange for those blessings, you must give something back... As advocate and activist Marian Wright Edelman says, 'Service is the rent we pay for living ... it is the true measure, the only measure of success'."
Calls to service have a long, rich tradition in these speeches. However, it is possible for a graduation speech to go beyond cliche and say something truly compelling. The late writer David Foster Wallace's 2005 graduation speech at Kenyon College in Ohio talked about how to truly care about other people. It gained something of a cult after it was widely circulated on the Internet. Apple Computer CEO Steve Jobs' address at Stanford University that year, in which he
But when you're sitting in the hot sun, fidgety and freaked out, do you really want to
be lectured about
the big stuff?. Isn't that like trying to maintain a smile at your wedding reception while some relative gives a toast that amounts to "marriage is hard work"? You know he's right; you just don't want to think about it at that particular moment. In fact, as is the case in many major life moments, you can't really manage to think beyond the blisters your new shoes are causing.
That may seem anticlimactic. But it also gets to the heart of one of life's greatest, saddest truths: that our most "memorable" occasions may elicit the fewest memories. It's probably not something most graduation speakers would say, but it's one of the first lessons of growing up.
91. According to the passage, most graduation speeches tend to recall ____ memories.
A. great
B. trivial
C. unforgettable
D. unimaginative
92. "But graduation speeches are less about the message than the messenger" is explained
A. in the final paragraph.
B. in the last but one paragraph.
C. in the first paragraph.
D. in the same paragraph.
93.The graduation speechesmentioned in the passageare related to the following themes EXCEPT
A. death.
B. success.
C. service.
D. generosity.
94.It is implied in the passage that at great moments people fail to
A. remain clear-headed.
B. keep good manners.
C. remember others' words.
D. recollect specific details.
95.What is "one of the first lessons of growing up"?
A.Attending a graduation ceremony.
B.Listening to graduation speeches.
C.Forgetting details of memorable events.
D.Meeting high-profile graduation speakers.
TEXT D
Cultural rules determine every aspect of food consumption. Who eats together defines social units. For example, in some societies, the nuclear family is the unit that regularly eats together. The anthropologist Mary Douglas has pointed out that, for the English, the kind of
meal and the kind of food that is served relate to the kinds of social links between people who are eating together. She distinguishes between regular meals, Sunday meals when relatives may come, and cocktail parties for acquaintances. The food served symbolizes the occasion
and reflects who is present. For example, only snacks are served at a cocktail party. It would be inappropriate to serve a steak or hamburgers.The distinctions among cocktails, regular meals, and special dinners mark the social boundaries between those guests who are invited for drinks, those who are invited to dinner, and those who come to a family meal. In this example, the type of food symbolizes the category of guest and with whom it is eaten.
In some New Guinea societies, the nuclear family is not the unit that eats together. The men take their meals in a men's house, separately from their wives and children. Women prepare and eat their food in their own houses and take the husband's portion to the men's house. The women eat with their children in their own houses. This pattern is also widespread among Near Eastern societies.
Eating is a metaphor that is sometimes used to signify marriage. In many New Guinea
Trobriand Islanders, marriage is symbolized by the couple's eating together for the first time. Eating symbolizes their new status as a married couple. In U.S. society, it is just the reverse.
A couple may go out to dinner on a first date.
Other cultural rules have to do with taboos against eating certain things. In some societies, members of a clan, a type of kin (family) group, are not allowed to eat the animal or bird that is their totemic ancestor. Since they believe themselves to be descended from that ancestor, it would be like eating that ancestor or eating themselves.
There is also an association between food prohibitions and rank, which is found in its most extreme form in the caste system of India. A caste system consists of ranked groups, each with a different economic specialization. In India, there is an association between
caste and the idea of pollution. Members of highly ranked groups can be polluted by coming into contact with the bodily secretions, particularly saliva, of individuals of lower-ranked castes. Because of the fear of pollution, Brahmans and other high-ranked individuals will not share food with, no
96.According to the passage, the English make clear distinctions between
A.people who eat together.
B.the kinds of food served.
C.snacks and hamburgers.
D. family members and guests.
97.According to the passage, who will NOT eat together?
A.The English.
B.Americans on their first date.
C.Men and women in Near Eastern societies.
D.Newly-weds on the island of New Ireland.
98.According to the passage, eating together indicates all the following EXCEPT
A. the type of food.
B. social relations.
C. marital status.
D. family ties.
99. The last paragraph suggests that in India ____ decides how people eat.
A. pollution
B. food
C. culture
D. social status
100.Which of the following can best serve as the topic of the passage?
A.Different kinds of food in the world.
B.Relations between food and social units.
C.Symbolic meanings of food consumption.
D.Culture and manners of eating.
PART VI WRITING[45 MIN] SECTION A COMPOSITION[35 MIN]
It was recently reported in a newspaper that six students who shared a dorm at a localuniversity hired a cleaner to do laundry and cleaning once a week. And each of them paid her 60yuan a month. This has led to a heated debate as to whether college students should hire cleaners.
Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about 200 words on the
following topic:
Should College Students Hire Cleaners?
You are to write in three parts.
In the first part, state clearly what your view is.
In the second part, support your view with appropriate reasons.
In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
SECTION B NOTE-WRITING[10 MIN]
Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation:
Your good friend, John, is thinking of organizing an end-of-the-term party. Write him
a note telling him that you like his idea and offer to help him. You have to be specific
about how you can help him. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.
THE END.
2010 年专四答案解析
PART I DICTATION
Freshman’s Week
Britain has a well-respected higher education system and some of the top universities and research institutions in the world. But to those who are new to this system, it can sometimes be confusing. October
is usually the busiest month in the academic calendar. Universities have something called “freshman?s week”for their newcomers. It?s a great opportunity to make new friends, join in lots of clubs and settle into university life. However, having just left the comfort of home and all your friends behind, the prospect of meeting strangers in classrooms and dormitories can be worrying. Where do you start? And who should
you make friends with? Which clubs and society should you join? Luckily, there will be thousands of others in the same boat as you. They worry about starting their university social life on the right foot. So
just take it all in slowly. Don ?t rush into anything that you ?ll regret for the next three years.
【听写难点】 academic calendar 校历； settle into 习惯于，适应； prospect 前景； in the same boat 处
境相同； start on the right foot 一开始就顺利； take it all in 全部接受某事。
PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION
SECTION A CONVERSATIONS
1. D. 文中提到“Two adults, 8 days in Britain from April 26 to May 3rd, flying from Beijing to London and
back with Air China, and you are in the double room. ”R oom service 指如叫醒服务、送饭到房间等，原文只
提到一个 double room ，两者有区别，故选 D 。
2. D. 由“What else you include in your price, apart from the air tickets? ”可知报价内包含机票费用，后面又提
到“all meals, and transport from the airport to your hotel. Everything is included. ”可以得知所有餐费
和本地交通费都包含在内，故选D。
3. A.当男士被问到是否购买旅游保险时，他说到“there is no choice there. I mean we have to have it, don?t we?”，由此可以推断出他是出于无奈才买的保险，故选 A 。
4. C. 文中 Mark 没有提到具体的机场巴士的数量，故排除 A ；后面他说到“I haven?t counted them yet. ”说明他不知道确切的代表人数，故排除 B ；由“And there will be six guest speakers. ”可见他知道确切的
嘉宾人数，排除D，故选 C。
5.A. 由“You?ll let me know when they are arriving, won ?t you?”可知 Linda 想知道 guest speakers的到达时间，故选 A 。
6.B. 文中提到“you wanted the local-style dance for the opening ceremony ”和“after the welcoming feast, there is going to be a piano performance ”，由此可见一共有两场演出，故选B。
7. D. “we?ll have to contact the airline company about it. They are sponsoring the event?So we will send
the bill direct to them for it. ”由此可以得出活动是由航空公司赞助的，账单也是由航空公司支付，故选
D。
8. C. 文中提到Mary 丢失了“my cheque book, all the things I needed for work, my appoint book.”，故选
C。
9.B. Mary 一天的行程是：早上和客户一起参加会议，中午与客户一起吃饭，下午自己去逛街，后来
发现包丢了，于是去了警察局。此题问 Mary 早上的行程，故选 B 。对话中没有提到她在客户的办公室，
故排除 C。
10. D. 在男士说了一系列包内物品后，最后提到“And he found a cheque book with the name of Hopkins
on it. M. Hopkins, M for Mary.”时，Mary由此确认这个包是她的。故选 D 。
SECTION B PASSAGES
11.D. 文中提到，“But more than 60% of courses are taught through the Arts and Sciences program. ”故选 D。
12.B. 由“ Thenew school year that begins this fall will cost about 50,000 dollars for undergraduates. That
includes 12 months of living expense estimated at 20,000 dollars. ”可以推断出除去生活费用 20 万美元，学
习费用应该是 30 万美元，故选 B 。
13.A. 由“Scholarships are available. The university also offers a monthly payment plan? International students?cannot receive federal student loans. But they may be able to take out private loans. ”可以得知，
除了 federal loan 以外， scholarship, monthly payment 和 private loans 都是可以发放的，故选 A 。
14.D. 文中提到“Australian mothers, on the other hand, spend 3 hours a week purely looking after their children, a much greater disparity than in other countries, like America, Denmark, Italy and France ”，因此
可以推断出澳大利亚的妈妈比其他三个国家的妈妈照顾孩子的时间要长得多，故选 D 。
15. D. 由“traditionally Australian fathers appear to like the fun aspects of parenthood So while they?tend
to be happy taking the children to the park or to sports events ? unlikely ? feeding, bathing or taking the
kids to school. ”得知澳大利亚的父亲更愿意带孩子参加娱乐性活动，而不喜欢日常的照顾孩子的工作，
故选 D。
16.B. 由“The ,new man?has a picture of his children on his computer desk top at work. He never misses
the kids ?school plays, and he passes on the drink after work so that he can get home in time to read their bedtime story. ”可以推断出“new man”愿意抽出更多的时间和孩子们在一起，故选B。
17.C. 文中提到“This new study suggests that the ,new man? feels a little more at home in Europe than in Australia. ”，再加上短文前面提到澳大利亚的女性承担了家里照顾孩子的工作，故选C。
18.B. 由“UNICEF ”is joining with a nonprofit group to bring AIDS-prevention programs to more women
and children in five countries. ”可以得知，新的合作项目主要是服务于受感染的女性和儿童，因此可以
推断出澳大利亚很难接受“new man”，故选 B。
19.D. 由“The organization is based in North Carolina and has programs in 70 countries. ”可以得知该组织在
70 个国家开展了项目， D 的描述是不正确的，故选 D。
20. A. 由短文最后一句“Experts praise the government for supporting public education efforts and
programs.”可见这个例子是为了表明政府支持的重要性，故选A 。
SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTS
21. C. 文中提到“They are accused of causing a severe head injury to a 23-year-old restaurant employee by stringing a rope between poles across a road.”由此得知，受害者是一位23 岁的餐厅员工，故选C。
22. B. 由“US Forces in Japan was informed of the August incident in late October,可以推断出间隔时间”
为两个月，故选B。
23. A. 由“After hours of heated debate, the vote is scheduled for Wednesday, and can be put forward provided parties in the parliament would reach an agreement on the pact. ”可以推断出，只有在国会各党派
达成一致时才进行投票，故选 A 。
24. D. 由“The US has agreed to pull troops out of Iraqi cities and towns by mid-2009 and leave Iraq by the
end of 2011. ”得知美军队要到 2011 年底才能完全撤离，故选 D。
25.C. 文中提到“The Honduran Institute of Childhood and Family, together with the police and the district attorney, carry out operations around the country to rescue the children and punish the parents. ”可以得知
参与救援的有Institute of Childhood and Family, the police, the district attorney，故选C。
26.A. 由“Parents who allow their children to be exploited in this way face, in addition to as many as six
years in prison, the equivalent of a $500 fine. ”可以推断出允许孩子去行乞的父母将会面临入狱的风险，
故选 A。
27.B. 全文大意是意大利拥有欧洲最美丽的海滩，但是很多被私人海滩俱乐部占有，并且对外收费，
政府认为海滩应该归政府所有，并且有用不应收费。故选B。
28. A. 新闻中说“closed the airport for several hours ”而非整个周五都关闭， A 为干扰项，故选 A。文中
提到“bus routes were suspended Friday as roads were too icy to navigate. Two charter buses ?crashed and hung ?”，由此可以排除 B 、 D；最后一句提到“The snowfall closed the airport for several hours and cut into local business hours for retail shops during the busiest shopping season of the year. ”，可以排除 C。
29. C. 文中提到“21 people have been rescued.”，故选 C。
30. A. 文中提到“We are now investigating all possible reasons for the explosions ”可知爆炸原因不明，故排除 B ；文中没有提到救援行动周四结束，故排除C；由“a series of explosions reduced it to rubble ”可知 D 不正确，故选 A 。
PART III CLOZE
31.B. in addition 意为“此外，另外”；in other words 意为“换句话说，也就是说”；in a word 意为“简言之，总之，一句话” ； in summary 意为“总的说来，概括起来。”分析原句可知空格后的内容是对前半句的同义解释，故选 B 。句意：我们尚不清楚人类是怎样开始学会创造语言的，也就是说，语
言的起源还是个谜。
32.A. 根据句意，人类与动物的不同在于，人类设法创造一些声音来表达思想与情感、描述行为与
事物。且根据本句末尾处的 represent those sounds可得知， A 为正确选项。
33. C. such that 意为表示某事的“重要性、价值”等达到“that”后提及的那种程度；as that 意为“例如”； in that 意为“因为，原因在于”，引导原因状语从句。空格后的内容“她们可以相互交流”是
上半句带来的结果，空格处应填入引导结果状语从句的衔接词，故选C。
34. D. agree 可以与介词to, with, on (upon)搭配。这里句意是人们商定了一些特定的符号，故选 D 。
agree to sth.意为“同意；愿意；答应（某事物）”；agree with sb.意为“与某人意见一致” ；agree on (upon) 意
为“对 , 意见一致”。
35.B. spelt 意为“拼写” ； combined 意为“组合” ； written 意为“写下来” ；copied 意为“复制”。显
然字母能够被组合在一起代表声音，故选B。
36. A.根据句意和常识，字母既可以代表声音，也可以被写下来。且下句中的written in letters 也给出了提示，故选 A 。
37.D. 本句考查的是固定搭配 whether ?or?“是 , 还是 , ，不管 , 还是 , ”，故选 D。句意：这些声音，不论
是被说出来的，还是用字母记录下来的，我们称之为语言。
38.B. function 意为“功能” ； association 意为“联想” ； roles 意为“作用，职责；角色” ； links 意为
“环节，联系，纽带” 。原句破折号后的内容是对空格处的解释说明，故选B。其它三项均与破折号
后的内容不符。句意：语言的力量在于它所能引发的联想——它们在我们的头脑中所引发的事物。
39. A. 分析原句结构可知空格处应填入形容词，其中live 意为“活的，生动的，精力充沛的，直播
的”； active 意为“活跃的，积极的；主动的”，这两项均与原文意义不符，且full后面应搭配介词of，故排除 B 、C、 D， A 为正确选项。
40. D. 通过分析可知，本句与上句之间是并列关系，故选D。 but 引导转折关系，or 引导选择关系，yet 引导转折关系。
41. B. reappear 意为“再出现” ；recall 意为“回想起，召回”；remember 意为“记得，记住” ；recollect
意为“重新集合，恢复”。本句指语言让我们回想起往事的快乐和悲伤，故选B。
42.C. read and think 意为“阅读和思考” ；read and recall 意为“阅读和回想” ；read and learn 意为“阅读和学习”； read and recite 意为“阅读和背诵”。根据句意，只有通过阅读和学习，我们掌握的词汇
才会越多，且read and learn 是常用固定搭配。故选C。
43.B. 分析原句结构可知空格处应填入不及物动词，故首先排除raises，因为该次只能用作及物动词。
increase 意为“增加”； improve 意为“改善” ；emerge 意为“出现”。本句指词汇量的增加，故选 B 。
44.D. intensively 意为“加强地，集中地” ；extensively 意为“广泛地，彻底地” ；broadly 意为“宽广地，明白地，概括地” ；powerfully 意为“非常地，强有力地”。故选 D。句意：伟大的作家不仅有着伟大的思想，而且还能用语言将这些思想表达出来，引起我们在思想和情感上的强烈共鸣。
45.A. charming 意为“迷人的，有吸引力的” ；academic 意为“学术的”；conventional 意为“传统的” ；
common 意为“普通的”。由于上文提到作家的作品能引起读者的共鸣，所以这是一种“有吸引力”
的用法，故选 A 。
46.C. written 意为“书面的” ； spoken 意为“口头的” ； literary 意为“文学的” ； dramatic 意为“戏剧的”。这里指作家的文学文体，故选C。
47.B. 句意：诗人是真正的语言大师。master of words 意为“语言大师” ，故选 B。
48.D. 介词 by 表示“方式，方法” ，故选 D。句意：合理的组织语言，其引发的联想能够令人感动得
落泪。
49.A. move sb. to tears 是固定搭配，意为“使某人感动得落泪”。故选 A 。
50. C. make 后可接宾补成分，表示使宾语变为某种状态，故选 C。transform 和 change 意为“改变”，但不能接宾补，故排除。 convert 与介词 to 搭配，表示“转变到另一种状态” ，故排除。
PART IVGRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY
51. D. 本题为句意理解题。句中的斜体字部分from excessive reading 是眼睛红的原因，故选D。句意：由于看书太多，她的眼睛红了。
52.A. 考查情态动词。 must 用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为“一定”。当must后接完成时
的时候，表示对已发生的事情的推测。根据句意，此处应该为有把握的推测，故选 A 。句意：南希去上班了，但她的车还在那儿。她一定是坐公交车去的。
53.D. 考查惯用结构。 enough to do sth. 是惯用结构， enough 前必须有其他形容词或副词。句意：他感
到自己还没有强壮到可以去国外旅行。
54.C. 考查宾语从句。本句中 after 后需要一个宾语从句，该宾语从句缺主语，因此需要一个作主语
的连接代词。只有 what 可以在宾语从句中充当主语，故选 C。句意：在经过似乎漫长的等待后，轮到他
进入人事经理的办公室了。
55.B. 考查状语从句。 as 用作连此时，和 though 的意义相同，而从句中的实义动词或系动词后的形
容词需提前。本句中fool 是形容词，位于句首，符合as 引导让步状语从句的使用条件，故选B。句意：杰瑞再愚蠢也不可能做出这样的事儿。
56.C. 本题为句意表达题。不定代词 each 在句中可以作主语、宾语、定于和同位语，用作同位语时，each 可以用在代词之后。选项 A 、B 、D 均符合语法要求，故选C。
57. B. 考查反意疑问句。本句中含有否定含义的副词seldom，故反意时用肯定形式does she。选项 A 的not 与 seldom 矛盾；选项 C 和 D 中的 would 与句中的 goes 不吻合。故选 B。句意：她很少去剧院，是吗？
58. D. 本题为句意理解题。从句意可以判断，这里的head of the department 和 an expert in translation 说的都是 Dr. Johnson，可见两部分之间是并列关系，故选 D 。句意：约翰逊博士是系主任，翻译专家。
59. C. 考查代词。本句为主从复合句，其中时间状语从句的主语为 one，因此主句中对应的代词应该用
he，故选 C。句意：一个人身体健康时应该感到幸运。
60. A. 考查虚拟语气。形容词为 necessary， important ， impossible ， strange， natural， essential 等时，在“ It + be + 形容词或过去分词 + 主语从句” 结构中，主语从句要用虚拟语气，其中的 should 可以省略。故选 A 。句意：他必须按时交作业。
61.D. 本题为句子成分题。在 It ?s no use waiting for her 中， it 为形式主语，句子真正的主语是动名词
短语 waiting for her ，故选 D 。A 意为“宾语” ， B 意为“状语” ， C 意为“补语”。
62. C. 考查限定词排序。限定词的相互搭配关系为：前位+中位 +后位。四个选项中，只有 C 中的Many his 为“后位 +中位”，不符合限定词的相互搭配关系，故选C。
63.A. 本题为句子成分题。宾语后面加上一个词或一个短语用来对宾语的特征、状态等情况进行补
充说明，这个成分称之为宾语补足语。它和前面的宾语一起形成“复合宾语”，宾语和宾语补足语之
间存在一种逻辑上的主谓关系。选项 A 中的 manager 和宾语 John 之间存在逻辑主谓关系，故为宾语补足语。而选项 B、C、 D 中的动词后面都是双宾语。
64. D. 本题为句意表达题，考查的是副词作状语的用法。选项 D 中的 yet 用于否定句和疑问句，而
原句为陈述句，故选D。
65. B. 考查非谓语动词。本句中缺失主语。动名词短语作主语时，通常用于表示一件已知的事或经
验。不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。本句中“长得不高”是一件已知的事情，所
以选择动名词短语作主语，表示否定意义，not 要放在动名词前面，故选 B 。句意：长得不高不该成
为生活和工作中的一个严重不足之处。
66. B. 考查名词辨析。Contradiction 意为“矛盾” ，指比较抽象的，在观点、意见上的矛盾；conflict 意为“冲突” ，比矛盾强烈，且可以是针锋相对的，公开的。由句中的never got on well in work可以判断，两人积怨已深， personality conflict 指“性格矛盾” ，故选 B 。句意：由于性格冲突，这两个同事
在工作上从未相处融洽过。
67.A. 考查固定搭配。 hang out 意为“出外玩儿、闲逛” ； hang about 意为“逗留，徘徊” ； hang on 意为“握住不放，坚持，不挂断” ；hang over 意为“延续，威胁”。故选 A 。句意：暑假时，孩子们经常被看到在街上闲玩儿。
68. C. 本题为名词辨析题。 spectator 意为“观众” ； viewer 意为“电视观众、检查员” ； participants 意为“参与者” ； onlooker 意为“旁观者”。句中提到的是 international conference，显然应该指参会者，故选 C。句意：今年夏天，有 150 人出席该国际会议。
69. B. 本题为形容词辨析题。这里需要一个副词来修饰形容词cold 。只有选项 B 中的 bitter 是副词，
有“极其”之意， a bitter cold day 表示“极其寒冷的一天” ，故选 B。 severe 意为“严重的” ，frozen意
为“冰冻的” ，故排除。若用 such 的话，应为 such a cold day，故排除。句意：学校在二月份的一
个酷寒天开学了。
70.D. 本题为形容词辨析题。 decisive 意为“果断的” ，句中的 quick 和 decisive 构成近义关系，符合
语义衔接关系，故选 D 。determining 是 determine 的现在分词，不能用作形容词； defensive 意为“防御的，
保卫的“； demanding 意为“要求高的，吃力的”。均不符合句意，故排除。句意：面对意想不到的困难，
他显示了迅速果断采取行动的才能。
71.A. 本题为副词辨析题。 Lately 意为“近来” ，是用于完成时的一个时间状语，与句中的现在完成进
行时吻合，故选 A。句意：该小组最近一直加班进行该项目研究。
72.C. 本题为形容词辨析题。 motionless 意为“不动的，静止的”，immobile 意为“不动的，静止的，固定的”，inactive 意为“不活动的，怠惰的”。stagnant 意为“不景气的”，指“状况不好，没有进步” ，
尤其是指经济状况不好，符合本句语境，故选C。句意：由于经济危机，该地区的工业生产停滞不
前。
73. B. 本题为动词辨析题。limit ，restrict 和 confine 为近义词。 limit 一般指事先确定空间、时间或数
量的极限； restrict 意为“限制” ，指限制某物的大小、数量等。 confine 侧重施加不可逾越的限制，有时暗
示束缚、囚禁。 restrain 意为“阻止，抑制” ，通常与 from 搭配，表示“阻止某人做某事” ，
符合此处语义和语法关系，故选B。句意：警察经常很难阻止歌迷冲到舞台上和歌手照相。
74.D. 考查固定搭配。 put the final touches to 为固定搭配，意为“做最后的修饰，完成最后的细节” ，
其他几词均无此搭配关系，故选D。句意：琼在宿舍里，对演讲稿进行最后的修改。
75.A. 考查固定搭配。 Indulgence 意为“沉迷，沉溺于” ，与 in 搭配使用。本句中的沉迷赌博和后面的
ruin 构成因果关系，故选 A 。句意：对于赌博的沉迷让他最终沉沦。
76.C. 本题为副词辨析题。 absolutely 意为“绝对地，完全地”；accidentally 意为“偶然地，意外地”；
accurately 意为“准确地，精确地”。accordingly 意为“照着，相应地” ，由句中的 and 可以看出学生并
未不听老师的话，故选 C。句意：老师告诉学生们待在教室里，学生照做了。
77. B.考查固定搭配。at close range 意为“接近地，近距离地”，故选B。句意：实际上在开车经过
那一地区时，你能够近距离地看到鹿。
78.D. 考查固定搭配。 make over 意为“转让” ； make up 意为“补足，构成；化妆” ； make upon 意为“在 , 获利，在 , 上赚钱”。make out意为“理解” ，从句中的he listened hard 以及 but 可以判断，后面的结果与listened hard 应有的结果不一致，即没听懂，故选 D 。句意：他仔细听了，但还是没能
理解他们在谈论什么。
79.A. 本题为形容词辨析题。 plentiful 意为“大量的，丰富的” ；abundant 意为“丰富的，充裕的” ，语气比 plentiful 强，数量比 plentiful 多；sufficient 意为“足够的”。generous 意为“丰富的”，是指 larger
or more than the usual size or amount”之意，从句意可知，这里是介绍该职位的优厚条件，因此a generous salary 是指优厚的薪酬及高福利。故选 A 。句意：对于广告上的招聘职位，公司提供丰厚的
薪水和高福利。
80.C.本题为动词辨析题。 crawl 意为“爬行”，是指贴地而爬； run 意为“奔跑”；hurry 意为“匆忙，
赶快”。Scramble 意为“攀爬”。由于句中提到的是 slope，从而可判断此处说的是攀爬，故选 C。句意：
由于没有路，旅行者在回来的路上爬了一个岩石斜坡。
PART V READING COMPREHENSION
Text A
81. B. (Lines 1~2, Para.2)由题干中的Many people believe 定位至第二段第二句“Many people believe, however, that our progress depends on two different aspects of science. ”，这里明确指出社会进步要靠 two
different aspects of science ，故选 B 。
82. D. (Lines 2~4, Para.4)由题干中的curiosity 定位至第四段。第三句和第四句对科学家的好奇心进
行了详细解释。第三句指出“He usually directs his attention towards problems which he notices have no satisfactory explanation, and his curiosity makes him look for underlying relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected.”，选项 B 对应前一个分句，选项 C 对应 and 后的第二个分句。末句“Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves. ”表示他对自己有信心，且从这一过程获得愉悦，即pleasure， A 也符合文意。故选D。
83. A. (Lines 1~2, Para.6; Line 1, Para.7)根据第六段首句的内容，选项A中的unchecked statements是
对“statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available ”的概括，句首的 skeptical 意为“怀疑的”，说明成功的可科学家不应该轻信，故选 A 。选项 B 与第七段首句的含义一致，但由
于题干中出现的是would not ，故排除。选项 C 和 D 是绝对项，故排除。
84. C. (Line 1, Para.4; Para.9)文章开篇通过一个文句引出对科学态度的本质的思考，第二段和第三段
介绍了社会进步以来与科学的两个方面，之后第四段首句通过一个问句引出全文主题。后面的内容
都是对这个主题的具体说明。末段对这一主旨进行概括，可见本文的主要内容是关注methods of thinking and acting ，故选 C。
85. B. 在第四段提出本文主旨后，作者就逐一介绍成功科学家的思维和行为方式。文中没有任何正
面或负面评价，可见作者在文中是非常客观地说明成功科学家的思维和行为方式，故选B。
Text B
86. A. (Lines 1~3, Para.1)文章首段第三句指出“Only recently has Latin America begun to receive some
attention as well. ”，选项 A 与之矛盾，故为答案。根据首段末句，选项 B 符合文意；根据首段第一句，选项 C 正确；选项 D 是对首段末句的正确阐释。
87. D. (Line 1, Para.2)由题干中的Nazca lines 直接定位至第二段。第二句指出其所在的位置，故选D。
88.C. (Lines 2~3, Para.2) 由题干中的 images 定位至第二段第四句，结合前一句可知，从地面上看，只
会看见乱糟糟的一堆东西，看不出是什么图案，但是在高空看，就会清晰地看出是什么图案了，
故选 C。
89. B. (Lines 1~3, Para.3)由题干中的interest 定位至第三段，根据前两句，选项 B 是对“the creation of the Internet ”的解释，故选 B 。而末句提到的是对互联网对其贡献的具体说明，不是直接原因，故排
除 A。其余两项与提干无关，故排除。
90. A. (Para.4) 全文末句表达了作者的态度“Perhaps it is a step in the right direction. ”这里 a step in the right direction 是对这种解开不解之谜方式的肯定，但加上 perhaps 之后可以感受到作者这种谨慎的态度，故选 A 。
Text C
91. B. (Lines 1~2, Para.1)由题干中的graduation speeches直接定位至首段，第二句和第三句指出，对于大多数的毕业演讲，人们能够回忆起来的是“为什么穿不舒服的鞋子”这样的琐事，故选 B 。
92. D. (Lines 1~2, Para.2) 第二段首句“But graduation speeches are less about the message than the messenger”.是作者表达的观点，然后对其展开说明，提供支持性细节。第二段第二句就是对该句的
具体阐释。一些大学收到关注是因为其请来的演讲者备受瞩目，故选D。
93. D. (Para.4; Line 3, Para.7; Lines 3~4, Para.8)第四段提到奥普拉的演讲，这里提到了success，故 B 符合文意；第七段末句提到“Service is the rent we pay for living ”，故 C 符合文意；第八段末句表明 A 符合文意。只有 generosity“慷慨”未被题记，故选 D。
94.A. (Lines 3~4, Para.9) 由题干可定位至第九段，根据末句可知，既然是在那些时刻只想着自己脚
上的泡，你想不到更多。说明在这样重大的人生时刻，人们多只是关注某些细节、某些具体的感受，而未能清醒思考人生的大道理。换而言之，在这种状态下，人们不能保持头脑清醒。故选 A 。
95. C. (Lines 1~2, Para.10) 末段最后指出“It?s probably not something most graduation speakers would say, but it?s one of the first lessons of growing up. ”，这里的 it 指代前一句说的“that our most ,memorable? occasions may elicit the fewest memories ”，故选 C。
Text D
96.B.（ Lines 2~3, Para.1）由题干中的 the English 定位至首段第四句，英国人对所上食物种类在不同
场合做了清楚的区分，比如“鸡尾酒会上就只上小点心，上牛排或者汉堡就非常不合适”等。故选
B。
97. C. （ Lines 1~2, Para.1; Lines 1~2, Para.2; Lines 1~2, Para.3 ）第二段首句提出“In some New Guinea societies, the nuclear family is not the unit that eats together. ”。由第二段第二句可知，答案为 C。根据首
段第三句可排除 A ，根据第三段最后两句可排除B，D 与第三段第二句矛盾。
98. A. (Lines 2~3, Para.1; Line 6, Para.1; Line 2, Para.3)根据首段末句可知，通过用餐的食物，人们可
以判断来客的身份以及一起用餐的人之间的关系，而不是一起用餐表明了食物的种类。故选A。根据首段第四句可知， B 符合文意；从第二段可知， D 符合文意；从第三段第三句可知， C 符合文意。99.D. (Line 1, Para.5) 末端首句提出观点，之后对其展开说明，解释在印度不同种姓人们的用餐规矩，
可见 rank 影响他们的用餐方式，social status 是对 rank 的同义替换，故选D。
100. C. 文章首句点明全文主旨，即文化规则决定着饮食的各个方面。接着以英国。新几内亚。美国。印度等为例加以具体的说明。在英国，不同类型的食物代表客人的类别；在新几内亚，如何吃有时会
被用来象征婚姻状态；在美国，第一次约会的男女往往在外用餐；在一些社群中，宗族成员不允许吃
被视为是其图腾祖先的鸟兽；在印度，饮食与社会等级也有关联。由此可见，在各种文化中，
饮食本身就带有某些特定的象征意义。故选C。
PART IV WRITING
SECTION A COMPOSITION
参考范文
Should College Students Hire Cleaners?
Recently, the report that some college students hire cleaners to do laundry and cleaning in the dorm has immediately sparked a heated debate. Personally, I believe that such practice should not be encouraged at universities.
Firstly, college students should have the capability to do the laundry and cleaning. Doing family
chores is only a simple way to cultivate independence. If college students cannot do it, they cannot
take care of themselves, let alone other complex things. Hence, it is a bit ironic for those young adults,
who always claim they are totally independent of their parents in this respect.
Secondly, college students should feel shamed of disposing of their parents ?hard-earned money in this way. With a large proportion of their living expenses and tuitions covered by their parents, wasting money for laundry and cleaning is not justifiable.
Those who have good reasons to hire a cleaner argue that college time is for study, not for doing the laundry and cleaning. But I ?m afraid that the so-called “busy”is just an excuse for being reluctant to do the laundry.
In conclusion, hiring cleaners should not be encouraged at universities, whose purpose is to cultivate responsible and independent adults, instead of lazy parasites.
SECTION B NOTE-WRITING
参考范文
April 17th, 2010
Dear John,
I happened to learn that you were throwing an end-of-the-term party next week. That?s really a fascinating idea and I ?ve been expecting that for long. I have some balloons and ribbons at hand and I can help you decorate the room. As for the music for the party, I have almost a hundred CDs, so you can drop
by when you have time and get those you like.
Yours sincerely,
Tom