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Grammar part4虚拟语气

虚拟语气

虚拟语气是谓语动词的一种形式，表示所说的话不是事实或是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。

1 非真实条件句中的虚拟语气

e.g. If it should rain tomorrow，we might have to put off the picnic．

万一明天下雨，我们只好推迟野餐。

If I were you, I would go to the party. 如果我是你，我就会去参加聚会。

The boy passed the final exams. But if he had spent more time on them, the result (be) much better.

【答案】would have been。这个男孩通过了期末考试，但是如果他再多花点时间准备，成绩就会更好。

2 省略if 的虚拟条件句

非真实条件句中有should ,were, had时，可以省略if 而将should ,were, had提到助于前面，形成倒装。

Should there be a flood, what should we do?

万一发生水灾我们怎么办?

Were I asked，I would tell all the facts．

如果有人问我，我就说出所有事实。

he was seriously ill, I wouldn’t have told him the truth.

A) If I knew B) If I know C) Had I known D) Did I know

【答案】C。早知道他病得这么厉害，我就不会告诉他真相。

3名词从句中的虚拟语气

虚拟语气除用于非真实条件句外，还可用于主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句中。这类虚拟语气通常用来表示要求、建议、命令、请求、提议等。其从句中的谓语形式用“(should)+动词原形”。在美国英语当中should通常省去。

3.1 主语从句中的虚拟语气

一般主语从句用于“It is (was) +形容词、名词、动词-ed形式+that …”结构。此类词常有：advisable, crucial, arranged, demanded, essential, desirable, desired, urgent, requested, ordered, preferable, insistent, insisted, suggested, vital, required, natural, incredible, strange, necessary, decided, better, best, important, possible, pity, shame等。

It is necessary that he return the dictionary to the library immediately．

他必须立即将字典归还给图书馆。

It is most desirable that he ______ for the information by himself with a few clicks online.

A) search B) searched C) has searched D) will search

【答案】A。真是太好不过了，他只需要自己在网上点几下鼠标就可以查到信息。It is important he (be) called back immediately.

[答案] (should) be。应该把他立即召回，这很重要。

3.2 宾语从句中的虚拟语气

这种虚拟语气要求宾语从句的谓语动词形式为“(should)+动词原形”。常用的引起这类虚拟语气的宾语从句的动词有：order, insist, demand, advise, deserve, maintain, propose, recommend, request, determine, urge, suggest(建议), require, decide等。

e.g. The manager of the company insisted that all the staff members the new safety rules.

A) would observe B) observes C) observed D) will observe

【答案】B。公司的经理坚持要求公司的全体员工都必须遵循新的交通规则。e.g. The representative of the company demanded that part of the agreement revised.

A) will be B) is C) to D) be

【答案】D。公司的这为代表要求把协议进行部分的修订。

3.3 状语从句中的虚拟语气

3.3.1 方式状语从句中的虚拟语气

在由as if／as though引导的方式状语从句中，表示与现在事实相反或对现在情况有所怀疑时，从句谓语动词用过去式(be用were)；表示与过去事实相反的假设时，从句谓语动词用"had+动词的过去分词”；表示与将来事实相反的假设时，从句谓语动词通常用"would/might/could+动词原形”。例如：

He talked as if he (do) all he work himself, but in fact Tom and I did most of all.

【答案】had done. 他说得好像他自己一个人干了所有的活，但事实上，大部分是汤姆和我做的。

3.3.2 目的状语从句中的虚拟语气

在由lest，in case，for fear that引导的目的的状语从句中，其谓语动词多用“(should)+动词原形”。例如：

He put his coat over the child for fear that he should catch a cold．

他把大衣盖在孩子身上怕他着凉。

4 定语从句中的虚拟语气

在“It is (high) time (that) …”结构中，定语从句的动词一般用过去式。此句型表示“该某人做某事的时候了”。

I think it’s high time we strict measure to stop pollution.

A) will take B) take C) took D) am

【答案】C。我觉得是我们该采取严格的措施来制止污染的时候了。

5 含蓄条件虚拟语气

有时候虚拟语气并不通过条件从句表达，而是通过介词短语、上下文或其他方式表现出来，这样就构成了含蓄虚拟语气。例如：

Without/But for his help，I would never go to college．

没有他的帮助，我永远也上不了大学。

Without/Bur for your timely help, we couldn't have finished our task.

要是没有你的及时帮助，我们就完不成任务了。

真题示例

1. ________ (如果不是你们及时帮助), we couldn’t have succeeded in the experiment within such a short period of time.

Key: If it had not been for your timely help/Had it not been your timely help 2. The professor required that _________ (我们交研究报告）by Wednesday. (2006.6)

Key: we hand in/submit the research reports

3. The victim ___________ (本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time. (2007.1)

Key: could/would have had a chance to survive或could/would have survived 4. We are all for your proposal that the discussion _____(推迟). (2006.1)

Key: be put off

5. It is essential that _________ （我们在月底签合同）.

Key: we sign the contract before the end of the month.

2020年高考英语新题型写作技巧八强调倒装虚拟语气句型和丰富细节的手段

2020年高考英语写作新题型备考技巧专题（八）强调倒装虚拟句型+丰富文章细节的手段特殊句型是英语书面表达中的高级句式，其中强调句和倒装句是较为常见的特殊句型。而虚拟语气也是高中较难掌握的句型之一。它们的准确使用能够彰显考生的英语水平，提高写作档次。一．重点突出的强调句型（一）强调句的基本句式结构为：It is/was + 被强调部分+ that/who + 句子其他成分。它可以强调除谓语动词外的其它任何成分，如主语、宾语、状语等。在续写和概写中灵活运用强调句不仅能突出重点、增强表达，更能彰显考生的英语运用能力。 It is just the so-called inconvenience that displays the richness, delicacy and great fascination of Chinese culture with a history of thousands of years. (2019年浙江高考书面表达) 在写作中运用强调句型可以采取以下步骤： 1.在一个写好的句子中找出需要强调的成分，如主语、宾语、状语等； 2.根据句子的时态确定is或was； 3.然后把要强调的成分套进句式里，It is/was + 被强调部分+ that/who + 句子其他成分。例：We created a harmonious atmosphere with sincerity and faithfulness. 如果我们要强调状语，即with sincerity and faithfulness，在确定好时态was后，把需要强调的部分放在it was后，that后放除强调外的剩余成分便得到： It was with sincerity and faithfulness that we created a harmonious atmosphere. （二）强调句常用句式 1. It is/was + 被强调的部分+ that/who + 句子其它成分 It is on the playground this Friday afternoon that a volleyball game will be held. (2019全国一卷书面表达) It was because of their help that a disaster was avoided. (2017年浙江高考书面表达) 2. Is/was it + 被强调的部分+ that/who + 句子其它成分 Was it in the park that the children saw the strange green objects? 3.特殊疑问词+ is/was it + 被强调的部分+ 句子其它成分 When was it that you made up your mind to work as a volunteer teacher? 4.It is/was not until that + 句子其它成分

高三年级英语语法-虚拟语气全总结

虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 ①错综时间条件句: 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如： If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. ②if省略句在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。否定句时not留在原来位置不变。如： If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. 如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。 If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。 ③用介词代替条件状语从句常用的介词有with, without, but for。如： What would you do with a million dollars? (=if you had a million dollars)

倒装句,定语从句,虚拟语气练习题解析

倒装句练习 1. So fast_______ that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. A. light travel B. does light travel C. travels light D. has light travelled 2.That scientist isn’t too happy with the project, and______________. A. so are her supervisors B. either are her supervisors C. neither are her supervisors D. so her supervisors are 3.______ the door than somebody started knocking on it. A. I had closed no sooner B. I had no sooner closed C. No sooner have I closed D. No sooner I closed 4.Is this beautiful? Yes, it is. ________. A. Rarely before have I seen this B. Rarely I have seen this before

C. Rarely have I seen before this D. Rarely have I seen this before 5._____but he also proved himself a good athlete. A. He showed himself not only a good student B. Not only did he show himself a good student C. He showed not only himself a good student D. Not only he showed himself a good student 6.Nowhere else along the coast____ such shallow water so far from land. A. is there B. there is C. it is D. is 7._____did we try to persuade her to give up her plan. A. In failure B. With no result C. In vain D. With no end 8.______I couldn’t lift the box. A. As I might try

可用虚拟语气的用法总结

虚拟语气的用法总结语气：语气是动词的一中形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望，假设或推测等。如If I were you, I should study English. 一．虚拟语气在条件从句的用法条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句；一类是非真实条件句，也就是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句，谓语要用陈述语气。如If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句 If her mother had taken the doctor’s advice, she would/might have got well earlier. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled. 有时候省略if，采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were 等动词（不包括行为动词）移到从句的句首。例如： Were it to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be canceled. Had it not been for the storm, we would have arrived in time. Should the earth stop running, what would happen? 二. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时需要根据意思采用表示不同时间的动词形式来进行调整。 If she had taken the doctor’s advice, she might still be alive. If I were you, I would have accepted their terms. 三．含蓄条件句

高中英语语法(虚拟语气)

Unit13虚拟语气专题讲解【知识要点】语气（mood）是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。英语有三种语气：＊直陈语气（indicative mood）---- 事实 France lies to the east of England. ＊祈使语气（imperative mood）---- 请求、命令 Make yourself at home. ＊虚拟语气（subjunctive mood） If there were no air and water , we should not be able to live on the earth. 虚拟语气表示说话人的一种主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件而不一定是事实，或与事实相反。一. 虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法假设类型条件从句谓语动词形式主语谓语动词形式与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be用were而不用was) should/ would /could/ might+动词原形与过去事实相反had + 过去分词 should/ would/could /might + have+过去分词与将来事实相反1.should+动词原形 2.动词过去式 3.were to+动词原形 should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形 1. 在错综条件句子中，虚拟条件从句和主句动作发生的时间不一致，因此，主句和从句的谓语动词应根据所指的时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。 1）If I were you，I wouldn't have missed the film last night． 2）If he had followed the doctor's advice，he would recover already．（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） 2、在if虚拟条件句中，有时可把连词省去，采用倒装语序把谓语动词were或助动词did，had，should 移到句首构成非真实条件从句的另一种句型，其意思不变。 1）Had we time to spare，we would be glad to go to the park． 2）Were it not for the discovery of electricity，the modern world would experience great inconvenience． 3、有时假设的情况不用if引导虚拟条件从句来表述，而用介词（如without， but for等）引出的短语、分词（如supposing等）引出的短语、并列连词（如or，otherwise，but，though等）、由动词suppose引出的祈使句或通过上下文的意思来表达。此时句中谓语动词仍采用虚拟语气的相应形式。 1）But for your advice，I would not be able to do this work． 2）Victor obviously doesn't know what's happened，otherwise he wouldn't have made such a stupid remark．。

虚拟语气表格总结版

虚拟语气一、虚拟语气用于非真实条件句（一）形式 I.动词的语气简介：语气——表示说话人对说话内容的看法的一种语法范畴。在英语中，可用不同的动词形式表示说话的语气。 ?虚拟语气——与事实相反，表达的是怀疑、忧虑推测、祝愿等。 II.虚拟语气的运用一、在if条件从句中的运用（一）表格及注意事项 ?注： ? 1. 目前，虚拟语气的were除了在If I were you 的结构中不能改动外，其他有些情况可以用was。 ? 2. 如果表示否定的意思，多用过去时结构，用should和were to较少。

（二）、虚拟条件句中的省略和倒装若符合下列条件，可以省略if: ? 1.必须是非真实条件句，并且有时，才可以省略if. ? 2.省略if时，主语与的位置必须相互调换。例：（1）万一我见到她，我会告诉她的。 If I should meet her, I would tell her. （2）如果我处在你的位置上，我会做得更好。 If I were in your position, I would do it better. （3）如果他们准备了的话，他们应该能成功的。 If they had made preparations, they would have succeeded. (三)含蓄条件句假设情况不以if条件句表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语，不定式表现出来。如with，without，but，but for，otherwise等。根据句子要表达的事态，选择相应的虚拟语气的形式。 I lost her phone number, otherwise I her up. 我弄丢了她的电话号码，否则我就能打给她了 If I had not lost her phone number… But for your help, I would not have the chance to go to school. 要不是有你的帮助，我不会有机会去学校的。 If you had not helped me… I was away that day, otherwise I ____ the lecture. A.had attended B.would have attended C.would attend D.attended 例:（1）我们在那个小村庄中迷路了，否则昨天我们还能去更多有趣的地方地方。（2）我本来可以帮你的，但是我太忙了。二、用在宾语从句中的虚拟语气（一）在wish引导的宾语从句中，表示未能实现或不可能实现的愿望，用虚拟语气。主句

虚拟语气和倒装句笔记

语法一、虚拟语气 Ⅰ.suggest；require； order； recommand； insist sb.suggest that …（should）do His suggestion is that… What do you think of his suggestion that 注：suggest,insist表明、暗示 He insisted that he hadn’t made a mistake. Ⅱ.wish 1)对现在的虚拟，用一般现在时 How I wish I were you ! 2)对过去虚拟，用过去完成时 How I wish I had followed your advice. 3)对将来虚拟 could+v.原形 How I wish /If only I could fly in the sky Ⅲ.It is (high)time that…should (should 不可省) It is necessary that… I would rather that… Ⅳ.隐含虚拟 But ;but for ;without ;otherwise without后一般+n. Eg:I could have come to school on time,(but I got up late).=I got up late otherwise. Ⅴ.虚拟条件句 If it didn’t rain tomorrow If it shouldn’t(只能用should) rain tomorrow. If it weren’t to rain tomorrow Were it not to rain tomorrow…/Should it not to… Were I you,… 从句都往过去推一个时态 Ⅵ.时间错纵 If she hadn’t stayed up all night studying,She would feel energetic now .

(完整)高中英语语法虚拟语气讲解

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虚拟语气与倒装句

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