人教版八年级英语上册Unit3知识点讲解

人教版八年级英语上册Unit3知识点讲解

I am more outgoing than my sister

Section A Page 17

1. 两个事物进行比较可以用形容词或副词的比较级表达：

(1) A + be+ 形容词比较级+ than +B (A比B更… )

Jane is taller than Kate.

(2) A + 动词+ 副词比较级+ than +B (A比B更… )

Jane runs faster than Kate.

2. 形容词的比较级的构成。

(1) 比较级一般在形容词后加_________, 如：tall—taller, short—shorter, old—older

(2)以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，应该_______________________, 如：funny—funnier,

heavy—heavier. 单音节词除外，如: shy— shyer

(3)如果只有一个元音字母，并且后有一个辅音字母结尾，应该___________________________,

如：big—bigger, thin—thinner

(4)多音节词的比较级，应该___________________, 如：outgoing—more outgoing,

beautiful—more beautiful

(5)不规则词的变化需要死记：

good/well---___________; bad/ill--____________, many/much---_________;

little---________; far--_______

3. (1) both….and…. 表“两者都”，连接两个主语时视为复数。如：

Both you and I ______ right. ( be ) 你和我都是对的

(2) either...or…表“要么…要么…”，连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵守就近原则。如：

Either you or I ______ right. ( be ) 要么你要么我是对的

4. both表“两者都”，all表“多者都”

题：_______ of my parents are teachers. We are ________ in China.

5. play the drums 打鼓（乐器前要加the，drum要用复数，架子鼓不止一个）

6. heavy (1)重的(2) 胖的，同义词为fat，反义词为thin.

7. 反义疑问句：前面是陈述句，用来表达自己的观点，后面反问对方以证实自己的观点。基本规

律为前肯后否，前否后肯。后面的附加疑问句的构成与改一般疑问句的方法相同。如：① He isn’t

a teacher, ___________ ? ② She can dance, _________ ?

③ He likes English, __________？

(1)反义疑问句的回答根据事实用Yes或No来回答，但前否后肯的很容易出错，可改成一般疑

问句或前肯后否再作回答。如;

He can’t sing, ___________ ? ( 如果他能，怎么回答)----- _______________

(2) this, that 和表物的不定代词做主语，用it代替；表人的不定代词用they来代替。

Something is wrong, __________ ? Everyone likes English, _____________ ?

(3)反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词时，问句部分用

肯定式。如：There is litter water in the cup , __________ ?

(4)反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分

要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。如：

Your father is unhappy, ___________ ?

(5)反意疑问句的陈述部分为I don't think+ that从句时，从句为否定意义，问句部分的动词和主

语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如：

I don't think that you can do it, __________? （不用do I?）

(6)陈述部分为Let's……时，因为此句型用来提建议，所以问句部分习惯上用shall we?如：Let's

go home together, shall we?

(7)陈述部分为Let us……时，问句部分习惯上用will you?形式。如：

Let us stop to rest, will you?

(8)陈述部分为祈使句，问句部分可以用will you和won’t you。

①Please open the window, won’t you? (肯定祈使句有时也可以用will you?提问)

②Don't make any noise, will you? （否定祈使句只能用will you ?）

Section A Page 18

1. 形容词和副词

(1)形容词常译为“....的”。①常放名词前，修饰名词，如：a good boy ②也可以放系动词后做表语，

用来描述主语是怎么样的。如：The boy is good.

(2)副词常译为“…地”。常放动词后，修饰动词，表“怎样地做某事”，很多副词以ly结尾，如do

well；run fast；get up early；talk loudly；speak quietly.

2. 以ly结尾的副词和形容词，一般前面加more 构成比较级，如：loudly→ more loudly，quietly

→more quietly。但early和friendly 例外。如：early →earlier，friendly →fr iendlier

3. 同级比较：表两事物是一样的，形容词和副词用原形。

(1)A +be +as +形容词原形+ as +B ( A和B是一样地…)

Jane is as tall as Kate.

(2)A +动词+as +副词原形+ as +B ( A和B做某事一样地…)

Tara works as hard as Tina.

(3) not as…as = not so…as表“不如...”, 常可以与比较级转换。如：

Jane is not as/so tall as Kate. (Jane不如Kate高。)

= Kate is taller than Jane. (Kate比Jane更高)

4. the singing competition 唱歌比赛

5. fantastic = great 好极了的It was fantastic/ great

6. Which 用来问“哪一个”，回答常用“The + 名词+描述性短语”，如：

________ one was Lisa ? ---- The one with shorter hair. ( A. Who B. Which C. What )

7. win ( won )赢，后接比赛、名词、奖品做宾语；beat (beat) 表打败（后接对手，人或一个集体

名词）如：

题：① I can her in chess yesterday.

② He the first place in the race yesterday.

8. 不定式可以放be 动词后做表语，表“….是去做某事”，如

The most important thing is to learn something new. 最重要的事是去学新的东西。

Their dream is _________ a bridge. ( have ) 他们的梦想是拥有一座桥

My job was _______ chickens. (feed) 我的工作是去喂鸡。

9. learn something new 学习新的东西（形容词放不定代词后）

10. have fun = enjoy oneself = have a good time 玩得开心，过得愉快

have fun doing sth. 在做某事中过得愉快We have fun ________ English. ( learn )

Section A Page 19

1. 比较级的几种特殊用法：

(1) “比较级+ and + 比较级”或“more and more +多音节词”表示“越来越……”

如：① warmer and warmer ② more and more beautiful.

(2) “the +比较级+句子, the+比较级+句子”，表示“越……，越……”。

The m ore we get together, the happier we’ll be. 我们越多的在一起，我们就越快乐。

(3) 修饰比较级的词有：a little, much, a lot, rather, even等，不能用very修饰比较级

He is ______ taller than me. ( A. a few B. a little C. very D. many )

(4) 两个相同对象进行比较，为了避免重复，常用that来代替前面的单数比较对象，用those

来代替前面的复数比较对象。

The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Hubei. （that=the weather）

The trees are greener in the country are much greener than ________in the city.

(5) less与more 的转换：

Math is less interesting than English. (趣味性更少些)

= English is ________interesting than math.

(6) 在比较级中，the other 后接复数名词，表“其它的一些”；any other 后接单数名词，表“任

何其它的一个”。如：① I’m louder than the other ______ in my class. (kid)

② I’m taller than any other _______ in my class. (student)

(7) the + 比较级+of the two. (the用来特指“比较…的那一个”)

He is ______ _______ of the two. ( tall )

2. hard-working勤奋的；work hard 努力地工作；hard work 辛苦的工作

He is______________, he has to do some __________，but he ___________.

Section B Page 20

1. be talented in 在某方面有天赋She is talented in music.

2. do the same things as me 跟我做相同的事

3. true形容词，真实的；truly副词，真地，truth名词，事实

①That’s_________. ② He _______ cares about me. ③Tell me the ________.

4. care about 关心，在乎Nobody cares about me.

take care of = care for = look after 照顾I can take care of myself.

5.使令动词有：make, let, have，它们都可以表“使、让某人做某事”，使令动词后接动词原

形，即：make/ let/ have sb do sth. 如：

①It makes me ______ . (laugh)

②Let me ______ you. (help)

③He had her ______ there. ( go )

6. laugh at 嘲笑某人It’s not good to laugh at others.

7. be good at 擅长→ be better at 更擅长（good → better）

I’m good at math, he is ______ at it than me.

Section B Page 21

1. be like 像；look like 看起来像（强调外表）

The teacher ____________ my mother to me.

2. be serious about 对…是严肃认真的I’m serious about that.

3. do sth. together 一起做某事We enjoy studying together.

4. 句型：It’s + 形容词+ （for sb.）+ to do sth. 表“（对于某人来说）去做某事是…的”。

It’s not easy for me __________friends. ( make) It’s not necessary to be the same.

【总结】it是形式主语，它代替后面的不定式短语。

5. make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友I want to make friends with you.

6. as long as 只要As long as you study hard, you’ll get good grades.

7. be the same as “与…一样”，be similar to “与…相似”，be different from “与…不同”

题：His eating habits aren’t the same as mine. = Her eating habits are different from mine.

8. bring out 使显现，bring out the best in me 我最好的方面表现出来

9. be/get good at 擅长，be better at 更擅长，get better at 变得更擅长

I’m getting better at tennis. (我正慢慢变得更擅长网球)

10. get good grades 取得好成绩，get better grades 取得更好的成绩

11. should表“应该”，是一个情态动词，所以后接动词原形。He should ______ hard. (study)

12. in fact 事实上In fact, she’s funnier than anyone I know.

13. talk with/ to 和某人交谈；talk about 谈论；talk with sb. about sth. 和某人谈论有关某事物

14. share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物I want to share my happiness with you.

Section B Page 24

1. primary school students 小学生

2. 四个good 短语：be good with 和某人相处好，善于处理；be good for 对…有好处；

be good at 擅长；be good to = be friendly to 对某人很好

3. information 表“信息”，是不可数名词。

Call the English Study Center for more _____________. ( information )

4. loudly 副词，大声地；loud 形容词，大声的；quietly 副词，轻声地，安静地；

quiet 形容词，安静的；clearly 副词，清楚地；clear 形容词，清楚的，明白的

① You speak too _______, It’s too ______. Please speak quietly. We need a ______ room.

② I think I speak quite clearly. Are you ______ ?

5. teach sth. 教某事物；teach sb. sth. 教某人某事物（不能说teach one’s sth.教某人的某事物）Can you tell me who taught _____ Chinese ? --- Nobody. I learned it ______.

A. your, myself

B. you, me

C. you, myself

D. your, me

6. older和elder的区别

(1) elder形容词，表“年长的”，常用来作定语，修饰人，如：my elder brother 我的哥哥。

(2) older是old的比较级，表“年龄更大的，更老的，更旧的”，常用于两者比较，既可以作定语

也可以做表语，既可以修饰人也可修饰物。

题：① My ________ sister is two years _______ than me.

② Do you know that China is one of _________ countries in the world ?

--- Yes, I do. It’s much _______ than the US.