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专升本语法--非谓语动词1

非谓语动词、独立结构、省略

一、热身练习：若你的错误在≤4道题内，你可在本章规定的时间内（8小时）完成本模块的学习；若错误在≥5题以上，那你有必要放慢学习进度，进行针对性练习。并反复阅读和体会你易错、易混的地方。切记！

1.----The last one _________ pays the meal.

----Agreed ! ()

A. arrived

B. arrives

C. to arrive

D. arriving

2.A t the beginning of class, the noise of desks ________ could be heard outside the classroom.

A. opened and closed

B. to be opened and closed

C. being opened and closed

D. to open and close

3.----Excuse me sir, where is Room 301? ----Just a minute. I’ll have Bob _____ you

to your room.

A. show

B. shows

C. to show

D. showing

4.T he Town Hall ___in the 1980’s was the most distinguished building at the time. A. to be completed B. having been completed C. completed D. being completed

5.J enny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ____ in a short period.

A. improved

B. improving

C. to improve

D. improve

6.---Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.

--- Sorry, With so much work ____my mind, I almost break down.

A. filled

B. filling

C. to fill

D. being filled

7.Y ou can’t imagine what difficulty we had _____ home in the snowstorm.

A. walked

B. walk

C. to walk

D. walking

8.L ittle Bob is often education by his parents to be good and friendly to anybody even if _________.

A. attacking

B. is attacked

C. to be attacked

D. attacked

9.T here ______ various points of view, it is very difficult to make a decision.

A. is

B. being

C. are

D. have

10.As you see, the panda used to be a kind of _______ animal, but now they live only on bamboo.

A. meat-eaten

B. meat-ate

C. meat-eating

D. meat-eat

二、(A)What is the term of verb?

1.T hese young people often hike and they enjoy hiking very much.

2.T ony runs a large farm and he often runs on it.

3.M ary, who is a beautiful girl, works in a factory and now she is working a new

machine.

列：史密斯夫人开车出去了，把钥匙忘在了家里。

1.M rs. Smith drove out, left her keys at home.

2.M rs. Smith drove out and left her keys at home.

3.M rs. Smith drove out; she left her keys at home.

4._______________________________________ _______________.

(B) What is the term of infinitive Verb?

Infinitive Verb (1,2,3)

1）I am sorry to trouble you.

2) I go to visit my teacher.状语

3)I want to visit my teacher.宾语

Decide to

Plan to

Prefer to

4) my goal（dream-aim）is to pass the exam.表语

5) it is necessary to master the information.（主语）=to master the information is necessary. 6) I have something important to tell you（动宾关系---定语）

We found a better place to live in

7)Tom wishes us to visit him.(主谓关系—宾补) He is good at swimming

1)what about+Ving

2)how about +ving

3)be busy (in)+ving

4)spend +(in)/ washing

5)have difficulty (in)+ving

6)pay attention to(介词)

7)look forward to

8)be used to+ving（名词）---习惯于He is used to climate in GY

9)be(get) used to+v原形

pen is used to write.

10)used to+原形---过去常常

we used to swim in the river.

We used not to swim in the river.

We didn’t use to swim in the riv Refer to 指，，，=mean

I go to see him

不定式

1）To +v原

2）1)Make sb +(to)+V

2)Let sb do sth

3)Have sb do sth---have sb/sth doing sth-have sth +done

I will have my hair cut

I’ll have my bike repaired

4)You ‘d better.+ do

5)why not+do

吾看三室（使）两厅（听）一感觉

5----看look, see, watch, observe, notice 2—listen ,, hear

1. ---feel

I saw Tom climb into the room

I saw Tom climbing into the room.

3）Ask sb to do sth.

3.做主语时的区别。

1）sending an e-mail is quite common today. 2）To send an e-mail is my task this afternoon.

3）Seeing is believing.

4）It is honest of him to return all the money to the loser.

4.做宾语时的区别。

1)I like swimming very much, but I don’t like to swim today.

2) The boy seems to have fallen asleep.

3)the boy seems to be playing the piano.

5.做表语时的区别。

1)the news is very exciting.

2)Hearing the news ,we were very excited.

3)My job is teaching English.

4)Her task is to clean the room this afternoon.

6.做定语时的区别。

1)Do you like the room______?

A.cleaned by her

B. being cleaned by her

C. to be cleaned by her

D. having been cleaned by her

2)Do you know the girl talking over there?

3) Do you know the girl to go abroad this fall?

4) Do you know the girl working in our firm every day?

7.做状语时的区别。

1)to catch up with others he studies very hard.

2)Working in this company, I feel very proud.

3)Having worked for hours, I feel a bit tired.

4)Lost in deep thought, he almost knocked

me down.

5)Bob rushed out, taking a stick in his hand.

6)Mary got home very late, only to find the

guests gone.

7)He wrote a long letter, to tell his mother

that he didn’t like the college.

8)He wrote a long letter, telling his mother

that he didn’t like the college.

9)He wrote a long letter to tell his mother

that he didn’t like the college.

8.做宾补时的区别。

1)we found his report tiring

2)I consider him to be the best candidate.

3)We found the boy tired of the exams.

4)I ask Tom to convey my best wishes to his

mother.

非谓语动词用法分析说明：

非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。

为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和

含义，

我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。

1．不定式和动名词作主语的区别

（1）动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作

Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here．这里禁止抽烟。(抽象)

It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体) （2）动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。

不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。

Climbing mountains is interesting．爬山很有趣。(经验)

Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验) （3）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。

It took me only five minutes to finish the job.

2．不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别

（1）不定式作表语

不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。

To do two things at a time is to do neither．--次做两件事等于未做。

What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。

如果主语是不定式（表示条件），表语也是不定式（表示结果）To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。

To work means to earn a living．工作就是为了生活。

如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。

His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future．他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。

The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was to provide large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior.

The most important thing is to negotiate with them about the future of the plant．

（2）动名词作表语

动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。

Our work is serving the people．我们的工作是为人民服务。

His hobby is collecting stamps．他的爱好是集邮。

注：动名词作表语时与进行时态中的现在分词形式相同，但其所属结构迥异，进行时态说明动作是由主语完成的。动名词做表语，说明主语的性质或情况。

People cannot but feel puzzled，for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake.

His victory in the final was no more convincing than I had expected．

（3）分词作表语

分词做表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词做

表语，一种是过去分词做表语。

这两者区别是考试中经常考到的地方。一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite，interest 等都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“激动”，“高兴”，而是“使激动”、“使高兴”，

因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的”，过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing 形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。

换句话说，若人对……感兴趣，就是somebody is interested in...,若人/物本身有兴趣时，就是说sb./sth. is interesting.

这类词常见的有：

interesting使人感到高兴--interested感到高兴的

exciting令人激动的--excited感到激动的

delighting令人高兴的--delighted感到高兴的

disappointing令人失望的--disappointed感到失望的

encouraging令人鼓舞的--encouraged感到鼓舞的

pleasing令人愉快的--pleased感到愉快的

puzzling令人费解的--puzzled感到费解的

satisfying令人满意的---satisfied感到满意的

surprising令人惊异的--surprised感到惊异的

worrying令人担心的--worried感到担心的

Travelling is interesting but tiring．旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲劳。

The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much．如果要学生学得太多，他们会感到糊涂的。

The argument is very convincing．他的论点很令人信服。

They were very excited at the news．听到这个消息，他们非常激动。

（4）不定式和动名词作宾语的区别

大多数动词既可跟不定式，也可跟动名词作直接宾语，但有些动词要求：

(1)不定式做宾语和宾语补足语

1)下面的动词要求不定式做宾语

attempt企图enable能够neglect忽视

afford负担得起demand要求long渴望

arrange安排destine注定mean意欲，打算

begin开始expect期望omit忽略，漏

appear似乎，显得determine决定manage 设法

cease停止hate憎恨，厌恶pretend假装

ask问dread害怕need需要

agree同意desire愿望love爱

swear宣誓volunteer志愿wish希望

bear承受endeavor努力offer提供

beg请求fail不能plan计划

bother扰乱；烦恼forget忘记prefer喜欢，宁愿

care关心，喜欢happen碰巧prepare准备

decide决定learn学习regret抱歉，遗憾

choose选择hesitate犹豫profess表明

claim要求hope希望promise承诺，允许

start开始undertake承接want想要

consent同意，赞同intend想要refuse拒绝

decide决定learn学习vow起

contrive设法，图谋incline有…倾向propose提议

seek找，寻觅try试图

2)下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词+宾语

+动词不定式

ask要求，邀请get请，得到prompt促使

allow允许forbid禁止prefer喜欢，宁愿

announce宣布force强迫press迫使

bride 收买inspire鼓舞request请求

assist协助hate憎恶pronounce断定，表示advise劝告exhort告诫，勉励pray请求

authorize授权，委托help帮助recommend 劝告，推荐

bear容忍implore恳求remind提醒

beg请求induce引诱report报告

compel强迫invite吸引，邀请，summon 传唤

command命令intend想要，企图show 显示

drive驱赶mean意欲，打算train训练

cause引起instruct指示require要求

deserve应受leave使，让tell告诉

direct指导like喜欢tempt劝诱

entitle有资格order命令warn告诫

enable使能够need需要urge激励，力说

encourage鼓励oblige不得不want想要

condemn指责，谴责lead引起，使得teach 教

entreat恳求permit允许wish希望

英语学习：非谓语动词十大实用解题原则

非谓语动词主要包括to do, -ing和-ed三种形式，可是其用法非常广泛，它不仅是高考单项选择题测试的一个重点，而且也是完形填空、阅读理解、短文改错的重要考查内容。为了能更好地掌握非谓语动词的用法，笔者在教学实践中总结出十条实用的解题原则，并且还用相关的题目来解释这些原则。根据这些原则，相信同学们可以轻松地应对非谓语动词。

原则一、两个句子必须要用连词连接，如果没有连词连接，则需要用非谓语动词

例 1. _________ many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.

A. Having been told

B. Having told

C. He had been told

D. Though he had been told

例2．_________ many times, he still couldn’t understand it.

A. Having been told

B. Having told

C. He had been told

D. Though he had told

解析：例1中有连词but连接，表明前后都是句子，所以答案为C。

例2中后面是一个句子，而且没有连词，所以前面不是句子，应该用非谓语动词，根据句意此处为被动，所以答案为A。

原则二、不及物动词无-ed形式非谓语动词，及物动词有宾语时用-ing形式，无宾语时用-ed形式

例3. ____________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.

A. Having lost

B. Lost

C. Being lost

D. Losing

解析：lose为及物动词，现在后面没有宾语，所以用-ed形式，答案为B。

例4. __________, I really believe that I’d prefer not to make any change now.

A. Considered all the possibilities

B. Taking all the possibilities into consideration

C. Taken all the possibilities into consideration

D. Giving all the possibilities 解析：把。。。考虑进来结构为take sth into

consideration，现在take后面有宾语all the possibilities，所以用-ing形式，答案为B。

原则三、being done 表示“正在被”，一般不作状语，只作定语。非谓语动词的完成时形式to have done或having done强调该动作发生在句子谓语动词之前

例5. __ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.

A. Fail

B. Failed

C. To fail

D. Having failed

解析：根据句意“我们没有打通电话，就给他们发了个邮件”，没有打通电话应该发生在发邮件之前，所以用having done，答案为D。

例6. Tim Bemers-Lee is generally considered _____ the World Wide Web, on which all the information is shared by all.

A. to have founded

B. having founded

C. founding

D. to found

解析：根据句意，Tim Bemers-Lee创立万维网应该是过去的事情，而且be considered后面应该用动词不定式，所以应该用to have done，答案为A。

原则四、非谓语动词作定语时，表示将来用

专升本英语非谓语动词的重点

专升本英语非谓语动词的重点： 1，consider it +adj + to do 考虑做。。。如何 2，find it +adj +to do 发现做。。。。如何 3，make it +adj +to do 使得做。。。如何 4，regard it +adj +to do 对待。。如何 5，think it +adj +to do 认为做。。。如何 6，feel it +adj +to do 感觉做。。。如何 7，I buy some books to read during my spare time 我买了一些书去读在我的空闲时间。（to do ，将来） 8，Have sb do 让某人做 9，Make sb do 是某人做 10，Hear sb do 听见某人做 11，Listen to sb do sth 听某人做某事 12，Look at sb do sth 看着某人做某事 13，Notice sb do sth 注意某人做某事 14，Observe sb do 观察某人做某事 15，See sb do sth 看见某人做某事 16，Watch sb do sth 观看某人做某事 17，The car to be fixed is my friend’s 这个将要被修理的车是我的朋友的（to be done ，将来） 18，It is no use/good, fun, a waste of time ,a good pleasure, help, useless)+doing 做。。。。是没有。。。。 19，Forget to do 忘记去做，forget doing 忘记做过 20，Mean to do 打算去做，mean doing 意味着做某事 21，Remember to do 记得去做，remember doing 记得做过 22，Try to do 努力去做，try doing 尝试做某事 23，Go on to do 继续去做另一件事，go on doing 继续去做同一件事 24，Regret to do 后悔去做，regret doing 后悔做过 25，Stop to do 停下来去做，stop doing 停止做。 26，Can’t help doing 情不自禁做，can’t help to do 不能帮助去做。 27，I enjoy being invited （我享受被邀请，enjoy doing ，又要被动，） 28，Hearing the news ，we are so happy 听见这个消息，我们很开心 29，I found some students singing in the classroom 我发现一些学生在教室里唱歌 30，Having done my work ，I started to answer your questions 完成了我的工作之后，我开始回答你的问题 31，Having been stuck in the mud ，it was pulled out by many kind hearted men 这个车被堵在泥土里以后，被很多的好心人移出来了。 32，Moved by what he had seen in the poor area，he went there many times 由于被他在贫困地区看到的一切所感动，它去了那里许多次。 33，If the weather permits=weather permitting，I will go swimming 如果天气允许，我就要去游泳。 34，

英语语法归纳之非谓语动词(过去分词)

英语语法归纳之非谓语动词（动名词）敬告：以下内容，不参加高考等有语法题（语法单选、语法填空、短文改错等）考试的应用类学员无须深究，知道该语法结构的存在，及其充当的句子成分和功能即可，应多花时间练习听说读写，否则就背离了语言学习真正目的。应试类学员有时间可以比较分析，基本搞懂。过去分词长什么样？规则的情况下与动词过去式相同，当然有不规则的情况；过去分词可以充当定语、状语、补语、定语，不可能充当主语、宾语；过去分词不像现在分词有多种体现时态和语态的形式，只有一种形式done表示。 1、过去分词可以充当主谓宾补句型中的宾语补语；它与宾语是被动关系，或者说它与宾语是动宾关系。 (1) We found the fish eaten by our cat. (2) I can’t make myself understood because of my poor English. 2、过去分词可以充当定语；充当定语当然是修饰主语、宾语等名性的结构；表达过去分词的动作是被动的或完成，或即被动又完成的。 (1) The party had last night (which was had last night) was very cheerful. (2) USA is a developed country (a country which has been developed). (3) A great number of students questioned (who had been questioned) said they were forced to practice the piano. 3、过分词可以充当状语，它与主句主语是被动关系，或者说它与主句的主语是动宾关系；过去分词一般只强调被动动作而不强调时间，多用于条件和原因状语；(1) Taken in time, the medicine will turn out to be very effective. If the medicine is taken in time, it will turn out to be very effective. (2) Offered an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.

专升本英语非谓语动词习题 2

1. I have had my bike ___ ,and I'm going to have somebody ___ my radio tomorrow. A. repair; to repair B. repairing; to be repaired C. repaired; repair D. to repair; repairing 2. A driver is asked to keep his safety belt ______ while driving on the freeway. A. fasten B. fastening C. fastened D. to fasten 3. I’m not very good at spoken English, so I’m afraid I can’t make myself ______ . A. understand B. understood C. understanding D. to understand 4. I fell down and broke three of my teeth. I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth ___ . A. fix B. fixing C. fixed D. to fix 5.I've never heard the word ____ in spoken English. A. use B. used C. being used D. using 6. The scientists were waiting to see the problem ____ . A. settle B. settled C. to settle D. settling 7. She was glad to see her child well ______ care of. A. take B. to be taken C. taken D.taking 8. Don’t worry! We'll get him ______tomorrow. A. examining B. examined C. to examine D. examines 9. He reads newspapers every day to keep himself ____ about what's going on in the world. A. inform B. informing C. informed D. being informed 10. The wallet ___ several days ago was found ___ in the dustbin outside the building. A. stolen, hidden B. stealing, hiding C. stealing, hidden D. stolen, hiding 1. The first textbook _____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. had written B. to be written C. being written D. written 2. The fruit ______ fresh in his fruit stand(货摊) sells well. A．looked B．looking C．look D．to be looked 3. The stone bridge __ _ last year is very beautiful. A. built B. was built C. being built D .to be built 4. The TV play Shoebox 《蜗居》centered on the lives of “house slaves”, a group of people _________ by high housing prices. A. affect B. affecting C. affected D. to be affected 5. There was a noise _____ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 6. Here are some new computer programs _________ for home buildings. A. designing B. design C. designed D. to design 7. The teacher came into the classroom ____ by his students. A. following B. to be following C. followed D. having followed 8. The _____ price will save you one dollar for each dozen. A. reduce B. reducing C. reduced D. reduces 9. Lessons ____ easily were soon forgotten. A. to learn B. learn C. learned D. Learning

非谓语动词专升本综合练习试题

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