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【甲】伯牙善鼓琴，钟子期善听。伯牙鼓琴，志在登高山，钟子期曰：“善哉，峨峨兮若泰山。”志在流水，钟子期曰：“善哉，洋洋兮若江河。”伯牙所念，钟子期必得之。伯牙游于泰山之阴，卒逢暴雨，止于岩下，心悲，乃援琴而鼓之。初为霖雨之操，更造崩山之音，曲每奏，钟子期辄穷其趣。伯牙乃舍琴而叹曰：“善哉，善哉，子之听夫志，想象犹吾心也。吾于何逃声哉？”

（选自《列子·汤问》）【乙】董源善画，尤工秋岚远景多写江南真山不为奇峭之笔。其后建业僧巨然祖述源法，大体源及巨然画笔，皆宜远观。其用笔甚草草，近视之几不类物象，远观则景物粲然，幽情远思，如睹异境。如源画《落照图》，近视无功，远观村落杳然深远，悉是晚景，远峰之顶宛有反照之色。此妙处也。

（节选自《梦溪笔谈》）【注】董源：五代南唐画家，南派山水画开山鼻祖。②巨然：建业（今南京）僧人，五代宋初画家，师承董源。

③祖述：效法、遵循前人的学说或行为。④粲：鲜明。

6.解释下列加点词在文中的意思。（4分）

(1)卒逢暴雨卒： (2)伯牙乃舍琴而叹曰舍：

(3)皆宜远观宜：(4)悉是晚景悉：

7．下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句，正确的一项是（3分）

A.尤工秋岚远景／多写江南／真山不为奇峭之笔

B.尤工秋岚远／景多写江南真山／不为奇峭之笔

C.尤工秋岚远景／多写江南真山／不为奇峭之笔

D．尤工秋岚远／景多写江南／真山不为奇峭之笔

8.把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（4分）

(1)曲每奏，钟子期辄穷其趣。（2分）

(2)近视之几不类物象。(2分)

9.伯牙“善”琴，甲文主要采用什么写法来表现他琴音的高妙？董源“善”画，乙文怎样介绍他画作的奇妙？请简要分析。（5分）

答案：

（二）（16分）

6.（4分）(1)突然（通“猝”） (2)放弃（放下，丢开） (3)合适（应当） (4)全（都）

7.（3分）C

8.(4分)(1)（伯牙）每次弹奏曲子，钟子期就能说尽它的旨趣（情趣）。

(2)近看画几乎不像任何事物的形象。

9.（5分）第一问：侧面描写，通过钟子期的“善听”来表现。第二问：先写董源的画“宜远观”，然后写“远观”和“近视”效果不同，再以《落照图》为例加以说明。

说明：意思答对即可。

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Next Year Marks the EU's 50th Anniversary of the Treaty A. After a period of introversion and stunned self-disbelief，continental European governments will recover their enthusiasm for pan-European institution-building in . Whether the European public will welcome a return to what voters in two countries had rejected so short a time before is another matter. B. There are several reasons for Europe’s recovering self-confidence. For years European economies had been lagging dismally behind America (to say nothing of Asia)， but in the large continental economies had one of their best years for a decade， briefly outstripping America in terms of growth. Since politics often reacts to economic change with a lag，’s improvement in economic growth will have its impact in ， though the recovery may be ebbing by then. C. The coming year also marks a particular point in a political cycle so regular that it almost seems to amount to a natural law. Every four or five years， European countries take a large stride towards further integration by signing a new treaty： the Maastricht treaty in 1992， the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1997， the Treaty of Nice in . And in they were supposed to ratify a European constitution， laying the ground for yet more integration—until the calm rhythm was rudely shattered by French and Dutch voters. But the political impetus to sign something every four or five years has only been interrupted，not immobilised， by this setback. D. In the European Union marks the 50th anniversary of another treaty—the Treaty of Rome， its founding charter. Government leaders have already agreed to celebrate it ceremoniously， restating their commitment to “ever closer union” and the basic ideals of European unity. By itself， and in normal circumstances， the EU’s 50th-birthday greeting to itself would be fairly meaningless， a routine expression of European good fellowship. But it does not take a Machiavelli to spot that once governments have signed the declaration (and it seems unlikely anyone would be so uncollegiate as to veto

2017年雅思考试阅读练习试题附答案

2017年雅思考试阅读练习试题附答案 人的知识和人的力量这两件东西是结合为一体的;工作的失败都起于对因果关系的无知。以下是小编为大家搜索整理2017年雅思考试阅读练习试题附答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业生考试网! Volatility Kills You should spend about 20 minutes on Question 1-13 which are based on Reading Passage below. A Despite gun battles in the capital of Chad, rioting in Kenya and galloping inflation in Zimbabwe, the economics of sub-Saharan Africa arc, as a whole, in better shape than they were a few years ago. The World Bank has reported recently that this part of the continent experienced a respectable growth rate of 5.6 percent in 2006 and a higher rate from 1995 to 2005 than in previous decades. The bank has given a cautious assessment that the region may have reached a turning point. An overriding question for developmental economists remains whether the upswing will continue so Africans can grow their way out of a poverty that relegates some 40 percent of the nearly 744 million in that region to living on less than a dollar a day. The optimism, when inspected more closely, may be short-lived because of the persistence of a devastating pattern of economic volatility that has lingered for decades. B “In reality, African countries grow as fast as Asian countries and other developing countries during the good times, but afterward they see growth collapses,” comments Jorge Arbache, a senior World Bank economist. “How to prevent collapses may be as important as promoting growth.” If these collapses had not occurred, he observes, the level of gross domestic product for each citizen of the 48 nations of sub-Saharan Africa would have been a third higher. C The prerequisite to prevent the next crash are not in place, according to a World Bank study issued in January. Is Africa's Recent Growth Robust? The growth period that began in 1995, driven by a commodities boom spurred in particular by demand from China, may not be sustainable, because the economic fundamentals—new investment and the ability to stave off inflation, among other factors—are absent. The region lacks the necessary infrastructure that would encourage investors to look to Africa to find the next Bengaluru (Bangalore) or Shenzhen, a November report from the bank concludes. For sub-Saharan countries rich in oil and other resources, a boom period may even undermine efforts to institute sound economic practices. From 1996 to 2005, with growth accelerating, measures of governance—factors such as political stability, rule of law, and control of corruption—actually worsened, especially for countries endowed with abundant mineral resources, the January report notes. D Perhaps the most incisive analysis of the volatility question comes from Paul Collier, a longtime specialist in African economics at the University of Oxford and author of the recent book The Bottom Billion. He advocates a range of options that the U.S. and other nations could adopt when formulating policy toward African countries. They include revamped trade measures, better-apportioned aid and sustained military intervention in certain instances, to avert what he sees as a rapidly accelerating divergence of the world’s poorest, primarily in Africa, from the rest

小升初文言文阅读练习题及参考答案一

小升初文言文阅读练习 (一) 郑人有欲买履者，先自度其足，而置之其坐。至之市，而忘操之。已得履，乃曰：“吾忘持度。”反归取之。及反，市罢，遂不得履。人曰：“何不试之以足?”曰：“宁信度，无自信也。” 1.翻译句子。 ①郑人有欲买履者： ②先子度其足： ③而置之其坐： 3.郑人买履告诉我们什么道理? 4.文中的之字解释。 ①而置之其坐( ) ②至之市( ) ③而忘操之( ) ④反归取之( ) ⑤何不试之以足( ) (二)

王冕者，诸暨人。七八岁时，父命牧牛陇上，窃入学舍，听诸生诵书;听已，辄默记。暮归，忘其牛，或牵牛来责蹊田，父怒挞之。已而复如初。母曰：“儿痴如此，曷不听其所为? 冕因去，依僧寺以居。夜潜出坐佛膝上，执策映长明灯读之，琅琅达旦。佛像多土偶，狞恶可怖，;冕小儿， 恬若不知。 1.解释加点字 ①窃入学舍窃：( )②辄默记辄 ( )③儿痴如此痴( ) ④恬若不见恬⑤父怒挞之挞( ) ⑥曷不听其所为曷( ) 2.翻译句子 ①王冕者，诸暨人( ) ②夜潜出坐佛膝上，执策映长明灯读之( ) 3.王冕能成为画家的原因?( )

北人生而不识菱者，仕于南方，席而啖菱，并角入口。或曰：“啖菱须去壳。”其人自护所短，曰：“我非不知，并壳者，欲以去热也。”问者曰：“北土亦有此物否?”答曰：“前山后山，何地不有!”夫菱生于水而曰土产，此坐强不知以为知也。 1.解释加点字 ①席而啖菱啖( ) ②欲以去热也去( ) 2.翻译句字。 夫菱生于水而曰土产，此坐强不知以为知也。( ) 3.阅读本文，说说你对北人“强不知以为知”的看法。

楚人有涉江者，其剑自舟中坠于水，遽契其舟，曰：“是吾剑之所从坠。”舟止，从其所契者入水求之。舟已行矣，而剑不行，求剑若此，不亦惑乎? 1.解释加点字。 其剑自舟中坠于水自( )是吾剑之所从坠是( ) 2.翻译句子 舟已行矣，而剑不行，求剑若此，不亦惑乎?( ) 从表达方式上看，选问中前两句的是( )，最后一句是( )。 5.文中刻画楚人运用了哪些描写方法?突出了他什么特点?( ) 6.这寓言叫什么?他说明了什么道理?

3年级孩子阅读能力阶段训练题(附答案)

（一）《读唐诗》 床前的月光,窗外的雪。高飞的白鹭,浮 水的鹅 唐诗里有画,唐诗里有歌。唐诗像清泉,流 进我心窝。相思的红豆,吴山的雪。边塞的战 士,回乡的客。唐诗里有乐,唐诗里有苦。唐诗 像祖先,在向我诉说 练一练 1.选择加点字的正确读音并打“√”。白 鹭 ( lù / rù ) 边塞 ( sài / sāi ) 清泉( qīn / qī ng) 祖先( zhǔ / zǔ) 心窝( wuō / wō ) 诉说( sù / shù ) 2.根据小诗内容的提示填空。 (1)“ 床前的月光”让我想起李白《静夜思》中的一句诗： （）,疑是地上霜。 (2)“ 浮水的鹅”让我想起骆宾王《咏鹅》中的诗句： （），红掌拨清波。 (3)“相思的红豆”让我想 起王维的《相思》：红豆生南国，（）。 (4)“回乡的客”让我想起贺知章《回乡偶书》中的（）, 笑问客从何处来。 3.请默写一首你最喜欢的唐诗。 （二）《今天风真大》 今天风真大啊!路旁的树木被风吹得摇摇摆摆,不时地发出鸣呜的声音。大街上尘土飞扬,枯黄的落叶、碎纸,被风卷上天空,在灰暗的天空中飞扬。 行人几乎都闭着嘴,眯着眼,不少人用围巾把头包起来。顶风骑车的人,就像自行车运动员比赛一样,弓着身,双脚吃力地向前二步一步地蹬着。顺风骑车的人缩着头,两脚搭在车蹬上,毫不费力地飞向前去。 我走进学校来到教室里,看见窗台上、桌子上、椅子上全是尘土。 练一练

前的皱纹,但那岁月煎熬的印迹,怎能抹平 1、“顶”的意思有:（ ） ①人体或物体最高最上的部分; ②用头或脚撞击; ③对面迎着。 “顶风骑车”中“顶”的意思是 (填序号)。 2、根据短文内容,找出表示动作的词语并填在下面的括号里。 （ ）嘴 （ ）眼 （ ）身 （ ）头（ ）车 3、从短文中摘录表示风大的词语。 。 4、短文围绕“ ”这句话，通过对 、 和 三个地方的描写，写出了风 大。 5、学习文中划线句的写法，通过描写一个人的样子、动作，写出“天冷”。 。 （三）《妈妈的笑》 记忆中,妈妈的笑最亲切,最温柔。 当我取得满意的成绩踏进家门时,妈妈的笑容里透着欣慰和勉励;而当我考砸了垂头丧气羞见父母时,妈妈则将深切的理解和鼓舞融进笑意。 是的,妈妈的笑伴随了我多少年,从一个懵懂无知的幼童,到成熟自主的青年,其间 饱含着妈妈的辛劳。我试着抹平妈妈额 呢? 年迈的妈妈不再有青丝拂肩,衰老的妈妈不再有烂漫的笑脸。然而,我常常感到, 世间最美丽的,仍是妈妈的一瞥,或者一个微笑那是所有的温存、所有的慈爱和所有的关怀...... 练一练 1、给下面加粗红色的字注音并解释词语懵懂 ( )： 一瞥 ( )： 2.从文中找出下列词语的反义词。

雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析(4)

雅思阅读模拟试题及答案解析（4）

Selling Digital Music without Copy-protection Makes Sense A. It was uncharacteristically low-key for the industry’s greatest showman. But the essay published this week by Steve Jobs， the boss of Apple，on his firm’s website under the unassuming title “Thoughts on Music” has nonetheless provoked a vigorous debate about the future of digital music，which Apple dominates with its iPod music-player and iTunes music-store. At issue is “digital rights management” (DRM)—the technology guarding downloaded music against theft. Since there is no common standard for DRM， it also has the side-effect that songs purchased for one type of music-player may not work on another. Apple’s DRM system， called FairPlay， is the most widespread. So it came as a surprise when Mr. Jobs called for DRM for digital music to be abolished. B. This is a change of tack for Apple. It has come under fire from European regulators who claim that its refusal to license FairPlay to other firms has “locked in” customers. Since music from the iTunes store cannot be played on non-iPod music-players (at least not without a lot of fiddling)， any iTunes buyer will be deterred from switching to a device made by a rival firm， such as Sony or Microsoft. When French lawmakers drafted a bill last year compelling Apple to open up FairPlay to rivals， the company warned of “state-sponsored piracy”. Only DRM， it implied， could keep the pirates at bay. C. This week Mr. Jobs gave another explanation for his former defence of DRM： the record companies made him do it. They would make their music available to the iTunes store only if Apple agreed to protect it using DRM. They can still withdraw their catalogues if the DRM system is compromised. Apple cannot license FairPlay to others， says Mr Jobs， because it would depend on them to produce security fixes promptly. All DRM does is restrict consumer choice and provide a barrier to entry， says Mr Jobs； without it there would be far more stores and players， and far more innovation. So， he suggests， why not do away with DRM and sell music unprotected？“This is