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2016考研英语:名词性从句翻译

2016考研英语:名词性从句翻译

2016考研英语:名词性从句翻译

1、名词性从句之重点和难点——同位语从句

名词性从句包括:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句三种从句直接翻译成相应的主语、宾语和表语。考研翻译中名词性从句的难点在同位语从句,因为汉语中没有同位语,翻译的时候要进行相应的转换。

同位语从句的作用主要是对名词作进一步的解释,说明名词的具体内容。同位语从句常由that引导。首先需要区分that引导的同位语从句和that引导的定语从句。这两种从句区分的方法之一是看that在从句中是否充当成分。若that 不做任何成分,则是同位语从句,否则是定语从句。另外从两种从句的功能上来区分的话,同位语从句是对前面的名词进行补充、说明,而定语从句是对前面的名词或代词(即先行词)进行修饰。

2、同位语从句的翻译

(1)当同位语从句比较简单、短小的时候,可以翻译到所修饰的名词之前,相当于前置的修饰语。

例句1:The rumor that2012Doomsday is inevitable is unfounded.

参考译文:2012年世界末日是不可避免的这一传闻是没有根据的。(增词)

例句2:Everyone knows the fact that the earth revolves the sun.

参考译文:所有人都知道地球围绕太阳转这一事实。

(2)如果同位语从句出现在主句之后,一般增加"即"这样的词来连接,或者用冒号直接引出同位语从句。

例句1:We have reached the conclusion that practice is the criterion for testing truth.

参考译文:我们已经得出结论:实践是检验真理的标准。

例句2:But this does not in any way alter the fact that they are now,from a practical point of view,irrational.

参考译文:但这却丝毫改变不了这样一个事实,即从实用的观点来看,它们在今天仍是不合理的。

(3)同位语从句位于主句的前半部分,本身又不是很短的时候,往往采用先翻译同位语从句,再翻译主句的方法,此时往往重复同位语从句所说明的词,如"这一想法","这一观点","这一事实"等。

真题例句(2007年,48题):But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media.

参考译文:记者必须比普通公民对法律有更深刻的理解,但是这种观点是基于对新闻媒体既有惯例和特殊责任的理解。

【总结】名词性从句的翻译技巧性不是很强,大多可以直接按原先的顺序进行翻译。但是同位语从句的翻译方法需要多加练习并掌握。

启道考研—考研高端辅导权威机构https://www.wendangku.net/doc/db6383793.html,/

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