【英语】高一情态动词专项练习题

【英语】高一情态动词专项练习题

一、单项选择情态动词

1．Traveling by subway ______ sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour.

A．must B．can C．shall D．should

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：乘地铁旅行有时可能相当冒险，尤其是在交通高峰期。A. must必须；一定；B. can能够；可能；C. shall将会；D. should应该；应当。本句中can表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力），故选B。

2．-- Did Jim come?

-- I don’t know. He _______ while I was out.

A．might have come B．might come

C．must have come D．should have come

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词推测用法。句意：Jim来了吗？--我不知道，在我不在的时候，可能来过。根据前文I don’t know.可知，说话者不知道Jim来没来，因此后文推测来过，但是语气很不确定，故可知选A。对过去情况的推测为情态动词+have done，must have done 一定做了某事，should have done 应该来过，不符合，故选A。

【点睛】

情态动词+have+过去分词的用法，表示推测或判断过去的情况。

can/could+have+过去分词用法：①多用于否定句和疑问句中。表示对过去某事发生的可能性的否定或质疑，意为：不可能（已经）......了-（否定句）/可能（已经）......了嘛？-（疑问句）②用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾，含有轻微的责备，意为：本来可以......的（但实际上没有......）。You could have done better, but you were too careless.（肯定句。他能做得更好的）

should/ought to+have+过去分词用法：用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾，含有责备的意思，意为：本来应该......的（但实际上没有......）。用于否定句中-表示对过去已经做了某事的责备，意为：本来不应该......的（但实际上已经......了）。He should have been asleep.（肯定句，他本应去睡觉的）He shouldn't have been asleep.（否定句，他本来不应该去睡觉的）。

may/might+have+过去分词用法：用于肯定句和否定句中，表示对过去发生某事的可能性的推测，意为：或许（已经）....../或许还没有......。It is too late. He may have gone to bed. must+have+过去分词用法：表示对过去发生的事情十分肯定的推测。must表示推测时，不能用在否定句和疑问句中。I must have forgotten to tell you.（must 的引入，表达了说话者对

过去忘记告诉你的这件事肯定推测）

needn't+have+过去分词

用法：表示对过去已经做了某事的后悔，意为：本来可以不必......的（可实际上却已经......）You needn't have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my home.

3．—I have something important to tell John. But I can’t find him.

—His cell phone is here, so he ________ have gone too far.

A．mustn’t B．needn’t

C．wouldn’t D．can’t

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：——我有重要的事情要告诉John，但是我找不到他。——他的手机在这儿，所以他不可能走得太远。根据句意可知，此处是对过去的一种猜测，此处是表达不可能……，用can’t have done。故选D。

4．Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He many times last week.

A．need have practised B．might practise

C．must have practised D．could practise

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。他上星期一定练习了很多次。must have done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”。故C选项正确。

5．Ann said whenever her father was unhappy he ________ go out and buy something, usually something large and useless.

A．should B．could

C．would D．might

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：安说无论什么时候她父亲不高兴的时候，他就会出去买些东西，通常是一些又大又没用的东西。A. should应该；B. could能；C. would总是，愿意；D. might 可能。此处表示过去经常习惯做某事，故选C。

6．---Hi, Johnson, any idea where Susan is?

---It is class time, so she __________ in the classroom now.

A．can be B．must have been

C．might have been D．should be

【答案】D

【解析】

考查情态动词的用法。A. can be可能，可以是；B. must have been一定（对过去事实肯定的推测）；C. might have been可能（对过去事实肯定的推测）；D. should be应该是。句意：—知道苏珊在哪里吗？—现在是上课时间，她应该在教室里。故答案选D。

7．— Excuse me, do you mind if I open the window?

— Well, if you __________. I can put on more clothes.

A．can B．may

C．must D．shall

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：-不好意思，我把窗户打开你介意吗?- 好吧，如果你必须这么做的话。我可以多穿点衣服。A. can能够；B. may可能；C. must一定；必须；D. shall会；将。must表示偏要，必须要做的事情，故选C。

8．I often felt troubled in my teens and my grandma ________ comfort me, saying “Life is like that, dear”.

A．would B．might C．should D．must

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：在我十几岁的时候，我经常感到烦恼，我的奶奶会安慰我说，“生活就是这样，亲爱的”。此处是would+动词原形，表示“过去总是做某事”。故选A。

9．—What happened to the young trees we planted last week?

—The trees ________ well, but I didn’t water them.

A．might grow B．needn’t have grown

C．would have grown D．would grow

【答案】C

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。——我们上周种的小树怎么了?——这些小树本来会长得很好,但是我们没有给它们浇水。根据语境可知,此处是对过去的事实进行假设,故本题选C。

10．No student ________ go out of school to have lunch without permission of the headteacher. A．might B．must

C．shall D．could

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：未经校长允许，任何学生不得离开学校去吃午饭。might可能；must一定，必须；shall会，将；could能够。本句是一条禁令。shall用于肯定句并且主语是第一、三人称时，表示允诺，警告，劝告等语气。故选C。

11．It has been announced that all the students ________ put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with SARS virus.

A．shall B．will C．need D．may

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：所有学生们应在去学校之前带上口罩以防感染非典病毒，这已经被宣布。shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁，故选A 项。

12．Mark ______ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. A．needn’t B．wouldn’t C．mustn’t D．couldn’t

【答案】A

【解析】

考查情态动词。need’t have done 本不必要做某事，句意：迈克本不必要着急的。他以全速驾驶后，他早到了半个小时。wouldn’t不会，mustn’t禁止，couldn’t不可能，所以选A。

13．— Excuse me, could you please tell me how to get to the nearest Wenfeng Supermarket?—OK, It’s two blocks straight ahead. You ________ miss it.

A．can’t B．mustn’t

C．needn’t D．wouldn’t

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：——劳驾，你能告诉我最近的Wenfeng Supermarket怎么走吗?——好的，一直往前走两个街区就到了。你不会错过的。A. can’t不可能；B. mustn’t禁止，不允许；C. needn’t不必；D. wouldn’t不会。故选A。

14．—It’s already 11 o’clock , and he ______ have been here half an hour ago.

—Maybe he got caught in the rain.

A．must B．ought to

C．may D．can

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：已经11点了，他半小时前就该到了。A. must have done必定做了…（表示对过去的推测）；B. ought to have done 本应该做的；C. may have done可能已经做过某事；D. can have done本来可以做的（但没有做），根据题意，故选B。

15．—Can I pay the bill by check?

—Sorry，sir．But it is the management rules of our hotel that payment _____ be made in cash．

A．shall B．need

C．will D．can

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考察情态动词用法。句意：——我能用支票付账吗?——对不起,先生。但这是我们酒店的管理规定,支付要用现金。shall可以表示命令，警告，强制，或者指规则和法律要求做的事情。本题正是考察了shall表示按照规则和法律要求做的事情。故A正确。

16．We’ll make the f inal decision on our scheme. ______ you change your mind, please inform us as soon as possible.

A．Should B．Were C．Would D．Had

【答案】A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意：我们将对我们的计划做最后决定。如果你改变主意，请尽快通知我们。根据语境，此处用虚拟语气，表示与将来相反，从句用should+动词原形，省略if，should提前，陈述句是：If you should change your mind……。故选A。

【点睛】

虚拟语气中的倒装

当虚拟条件句中含有 were，had，should时，可以将if省略，然后将 were，had，should，移至句首：

1）If he should fail, he would kill himself.

→Should he fail, he would kill himself.

万一失败，他就会自杀。

2）If I were you, I would do it at once.

→Were I you, I would do it at once.

假若我是你，我就会马上做。

要是我能做此事，我一定会做。

3）If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.

→Had he seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.

他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。

该小题属于上述的第一种情况。should作为情态动词，有一种特殊的用法：在虚拟条件状语从句中表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，可以把should放在句首，即主语前，从而省略从属连词if。原来的表述为：If you should change your mind。故选A。

17． ---Is Jack on duty today?

---It ________ be him. It's his turn tomorrow.

A．mustn't B．won't C．can't D．needn't

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词表示推测。句意：--今天杰克值日吗？--不可能是他。明天该轮到他。can’t be 用于否定推测“不可能是”，must表示推测的时候，表示“肯定是”，won’t不愿意，needn’t 不必，故选C。

18．While it wasn’t the goal of the trip, I was rewarded with fresh insights, ones that ________ to me during the regular course of business.

A．might never happen B．could never have happened

C．should not happen D．needn’t have happened

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气。句意：虽然这并不是这次旅行的目的，但我得到了一些新的领悟，那些领悟在我的日常生活中是本不可能发生的。此处考查虚拟语气，“我得到新的领悟”发生在过去，故此处是与过去事实相反，应用could/might/would/need/should+have done，“本不可能发生”是could never have happened，故选B项。

【点睛】

本题考查“情态动词+have done”的虚拟语气，其常用表达有：

could have done本能做某事而未做couldn’t have done不可能做了某事

should have done本应该做某事而未做shouldn’t have done本不应该做某事而做了

would have done本会某事而未做wouldn’t have done本不会做某事而做了

need have done本需要做某事而未做needn’t have done本不必要做某事而做了

19．—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.

—Oh, it's too bad. You________ have made full preparations.

A．must B．can C．would D．should

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：—对不起，妈妈，我面试又失败了。—噢，那太糟糕了，你应该做好充分准备的。A.must必须；B.can可以；C.would将会；D.should应该。这里是情态+have done的结构的虚拟语气，can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”；could+have+done，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做；must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句；should+have+done意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做”。故选D

【名师点睛】

情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但它不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点，每年单项填空题必考一题。考点集中在：情态动词表示推测的基本用法及区别，情态动词否定式的用法辨析，“情态动词+have done”的用法区别等。

20．You _____ be right but I’m going back to check anyway.

A．should B．must C．need D．might

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：你或许是对的，但我还是要回去核对一下。A. should应该；B. must 一定，必须；C. need需要；D. might或许。本题主要考查情态动词表示推测的用法，由I’m going back to check anyway可知，我对此不确定。由此可知，D项符合题意。故选D项。【点睛】

can / could用于表推测的用法

(1) 从使用句型上看，can 通常只用于否定句或疑问句，一般不用于肯定句，而could 可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。两者没有时间上的差别，只是could 比 can 更委婉，更不确定。

(2) 从时间关系看，对现在或将来情况作推测，后接动词原形；对正在进行的情况作推测，后接 be doing 结构；对过去情况作推测，后接动词完成式。

二、 may / might用于表推测的用法

表示推测，两者都可用，只是 might 比 may 语气更不确定，表示的可能性更小。如本题，根据I’m going back to check anyway可知，我对此不确定。由此可知，D项符合题意。(1) 在句型使用方面：两者均可用于肯定句和否定句，但用于疑问句时，may通常不用于句首，但可用于疑问句的句中（如特殊疑问句等），而might尽管可以用于疑问句的句首，但不算普通，通常会改用其他句式（如用could等）。

三、must表示推测的用法

must 表示很有把握的推测，其意为“一定会”“肯定会”，只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑问句。表示对现在或未来的情况作推测，后接动词原形；表示对过去情况的推测，接动词完成式。

21．My computer ________ start this morning. There must have been something wrong with it. A．wouldn’t B．shouldn’t C．couldn’t D．mustn’t

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。A. wouldn’t 不会；B. shouldn’t不应该； C. couldn’t 不能； D. mustn’t禁止，不允许。句意：我的电脑今早启动不了。一定是出了什么问题。此处would表示过去的习惯或反复性的动作。故选A。

22．He ______ writing the paper now. He hadn’t written a single word when I left him ten minutes ago.

A．shou ldn’t be B．can’t have finished

C．can’t be D．mustn’t have finished

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查推测句。句意：他现在不可能写完了卷子。我十分钟之前留下他时，他还没有写一个字。根据句意可知，此处考查对过去情况的否定推测，其表达为can’t have done不可能做某事，故选B项。

【点睛】

本题考查推测句

对过去情况的肯定推测是must have done

对过去情况的否定推测是can’t/couldn’t have done

例如:

The ground is wet, so it must have rained last night.

He can’t have finished his work, because he played basketball all day yesterday.

23．You ________ be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.

A．must B．can C．will D．shall

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：你肯定是卡罗，这些年你一点也没有变化。must表示对现在的肯定推测；can表示推测，表示可能性；will表示意愿；shall表示表示决心、命令或指示。根据下文“这些年你一点用没有改变”可知，前文表示肯定性推测。故选A。

【点睛】

must表推测的用法must表示很有把握的推测，其意为“一定会”“肯定会”，只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑问句。表示对现在或未来的情况作推测，后接动词原形。You have worked hard all day. You must be tired. 你辛苦一整天，一定累了（对现在情况的推测判断）I didn’t hear the phone. I must have be asleep. 我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。

24．Skills like critical thinking and analysis ________ be found on the Internet, because they must be acquired in the context of facts.

A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．sh ouldn’t

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：像批判性思维和分析这样的能力，是不能在互联网上找到的，因为它们必须基于事实来获得。A. can’t无法，不可能；B. needn’t不需要；C. mustn’t 不可以，禁止；D. shouldn’t不应该。本题讲的是这种批判性思维的能力无法通过浏览鱼龙混杂的网上信息获得，表达的是客观上的不可能，故选A。

25．We ______ have watered these flowers yesterday. Today’s rain will be too much for them. A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．may not D．mustn’t

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意：我们昨天不应该给这些花浇水。今天的雨对他们来说太大了。A. can’t不可能；B. shouldn’t不应该；C. may not或许不会；D. mustn’t禁止，不允许。情态动词的完成时should’t have done“本不应该做而做了”。根据Today’s rain will be too much for them.可知，此处指昨天不应该给这些花浇水。故选B。

【点睛】

情态动词+ have done结构：

1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，语气比较坚定，通常只用于肯定句。如：It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.

2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句，could的语气较can弱。如：He can't have finished the work so soon.

3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推

测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑问句改用can或could，如：They may not have known it beforehand.

4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情，或过去做某事纯属多余，如：I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.

5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做，其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了，这种句式含有不满或责备之意，ought to的语气比should强一些。如：You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的。（但没有）

He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that.他本来就不该做那件事。（可是做了）

6.“wou ld + have + 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测，或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况，但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。如：I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.

Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.

26．—Life ____ be very hard for people living in the north of Canada as it is very cold there in winter.

—Yes, the weather there _____ be as low as 60℃ below zero.

A．must; can B．shall; must C．will; should D．has to; can

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。根据句意：——对于生活在加拿大北方的人来说生活肯定很艰难，因为冬天那儿很冷。——是的，那儿的天气可能会达到零下60度。must表肯定推测，意为“肯定，一定”，can表客观上的可能性，意为“可能”。根据语境及选项可知，A选项正确。故选A。

27．—How long shall we wait here?

—The first bus set out earlier than usual today and _____ be here any time, I think.

A．should B．might C．can D．must

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词表推测。句意：—我们要在这里等多久？—首班车比往常发车的时间早了，我推测可能会在任意时间到达。should 用于表示‘事实上的可能性’或者‘推测’，多用于肯定句。故选A。

28．—What do you think we can do for our aged parents?

—You ______ do anything except to be with them.

A．don’t have to B．oughtn’t to C．mustn’t D．can’t

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意：——你认为我们能为年迈的父母做些什么？——除了和他们在一起，你不必做任何事情。A. don’t have to不必；B. oughtn’t to不应该；C. mustn’t不可以；D. can’t不能。根据语境可知，此处表示客观性的必须，don’t have to…except to“除了……不必做……”。故选A。

【点睛】

have to表示客观需求时，使用have to的情况要比must多。have to受客观条件或环境迫使而“不得不”做某事，突出客观性。

must一般则表示命令或说话人主观认为必须要做某事，含强调语气，侧重主观性。有时候也使用be+不定式表示需要做某事，但语气较弱一些。如：I am to do it, whether I like it or not.

must表示客观性的需要时，一般翻译为“总是要（会）”。如：All men must die. 人故有一死。

ought to表示必须时，偏责任，推想等。如：You ought to work hard.

29．One of the few things you ___ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.

A．need B．must C．should D．can

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词的用法。句意：关于英国人你可以肯定的一点是他们谈论很多的天气。A. need需要；B. must必须；C. should表示责任和义务；D. can可以；能够。根据语境，故选D。

30．No driving after drinking is a rule that every driver ____________ obey in our country. A．will B．shall

C．may D．can

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：考察情态动词。A. 将要 B.将要 C.可能D.可以。Will 表示请求、建议、意志、愿望和决心。Shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对话的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。May表示请求和允许；用于祈使句表示决心；表示推测、可能性。Can表示能力；请求和允许。句意：酒后驾车是每一位驾车者在我们国家应当遵守的规则。故选B。

考点：考察情态动词

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