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大学生英语四六级官网 四六级听力题型解题秘籍

大学生英语四六级官网 四六级听力题型解题秘籍
大学生英语四六级官网 四六级听力题型解题秘籍

历年来许多考生在听力上失分都比较多,听力是考试难点,因其所占分值多也是重点。

命题内容

1.四级听力:

共包含三个题型,分别是:

Section A 短篇新闻(3篇,共有3段,每段提2~3个问题,共7题); Section B 长对话(2篇,每篇240~280词,提4个问题,共8题);

Section C 听力篇章(3篇短文,每篇短文220~240词,提3~4个问题,共10题)。

其中,四级短篇新闻和长对话,每题1分;四级听力篇章,每题2分。

2.六级听力:

共包含三个题型,分别是:

Section A 长对话(2篇,每篇长对话280~320词,提4个问题,共8题); Section B 听力篇章(2篇,每篇240~260词,提3~4个问题,共7题); Section C 讲座/讲话(3篇,共约1200词,每篇提3~4个问题,共10题)。其中,六级长对话和听力篇章,每题1分;六级听力讲座/讲话,每题2分。

命题规律

摸清往年出题规律,可总结为三大原则:

1.顺序原则

听力出题的顺序和听到的内容顺序一致:都是从前往后顺序出现的。做题时应该根据顺序原则定位。

2.同义替换

正确选项和对应的听力原文答案句存在同义替换现象,六级听力中尤其常见。

3.转折处常设出题点

语音语调变化,如升降调表疑问、表转折等处常设考点。

所以相应地在做题时,应该注重抓听以下标志词:

①最高级标志词The most/ chief / primary / main / lead

②唯一级标志词only / unique / prefer / perfect

③逻辑关系词

a.注意表示转折和对比的逻辑词:but,however,nevertheless,while,in fact,whereas,unexpectedly,unfortunately,yet,except,on the other hand,compared to,unlike,instead,in contrast to等

b.注意表示因果的逻辑词:as a result;since,due to;because of;therefore,thus,so

c.注意表示否定的逻辑词:not,no,rarely,seldom,never

d.表让步的逻辑词:despite, in spite of, although, though

e.总结项标志词

all in all / in brief / to conclude / at last / in summary / in short

提分宝典

1.要采用科学的步骤来答题

新东方在线建议大家按照以下三个步骤来解答听力题:

Step 1: 听录音前要预读选项,预测录音内容和提问形式。

Step 2: 在听录音时,要注意记录重要信息。

Step 3: 听完录音,根据听到的题目,结合笔记等,选出答案。

2.要熟练掌握听力答题技巧

①预读选项,判断听音重点

预读选项应采取快速阅读的方法。要注意时间、地点等特殊名词,也可根据He/She判断听音重点。另外,动词选项题常常问动作、建议或打算。

②听开头结尾,抓主题核心

听开头,这在新闻听力中尤为明显。新闻听力的导语往往开门见山,直接切入话题,而且概括了全篇新闻的大意。

③要在细节处做笔记

年份、年龄、价钱、时间等数字可能出现的地方,这些都是很容易被遗漏,但又经常考的点。

④需特别留意语义突出处

听力篇章常考查语文突出之处(如: 转折让步、因果关系、举例及并列列举处等)。

3.新东方在线建议大家多听多跟读

英语发音规则:连读、略读、断句、重音、语调

26个英文字母的发音

48个英语国际音标的发音

4.平时多听多练,要能跟上语速

每天至少听1-3篇听力,考前可以加大听力训练量,听1套完整的听力题。做题时,应结合答题技巧进行强化提高。

5.需掌握考纲词汇

四六级大纲词汇必须掌握。听到的单词(尤其是重要的单词)都认识,这样才有听懂录音的可能,才有准确答题的可能。

6.要精练真题,并分析总结

毋庸置疑,历年听力考题一定是最好的备考材料!考生一定要精练历年听力考题,同一篇听力(尤其是近几次的真题听力),可以反复听、反复练,直到听懂为止,除了听录音答题,新东方在线建议大家还可以跟着读、说,甚至背出来。

各类题型及解题技巧

1.地点题

【试题特点】

地点题提问的是对话发生的地点,常用的提问方式有:

Where does the conversation most probably take place?

Where does this conversation most likely occur?

Where are the two speakers?

【答题技巧】

地点题的解答需要抓住与特定地点相关的常用词语。这类题目的对话中一般不会提到具体场所,问题往往要求根据对话内容推测出谈话场所或某人的去向。考生要注意抓取信息词,即与特定地点相关的最常用词语。

其次,考生需要熟悉常考的地点和不同场景下人们的谈话用语,这对做好地点题很有帮助。关于不同场景下的常用词在第一节中已作了详细介绍,大家应该熟记这些场景和单词。

【典型例题】

【例7】A) At a clinic. B) In a supermarket.

C) At a restaurant. D) In an ice cream shop.

dissert.

M: Oh, oh, you know these things will ruin your health, too much fat and sugar, how about ordering some vegetables and fruit instead?

Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?

【解析】从四个选项中可以看出,本题是一道地点题。在对话中出现了该题的关键词dissert和ordering,因此可以判断这一对话应当发生在餐馆里面。

2.人物关系或身份职业题

【试题特点】

(1)对人物关系的提问

人物关系题常用的提问方式有:

What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?

(2)对人物职业的提问

身份职业题常用的提问方式有:

Who is the man/the woman?

【答题技巧】

在解答人物关系和身份职业题时,一定要注意双方的称呼语。对话中的称呼语往往会直接暴露出说话人的身份或说话双方的关系,比如Mr.一词就表明对方很可能是自己的上级或老师。

同时要善于捕捉关键词及人物语气。解答这类试题,不但要熟悉体现某种人物关系或某种职业的相关词汇,而且要注意说话人的语气和态度,比如师生之间、夫妻之间、家长与孩子之间以及老板与员工之间的说话方式和语气均有自己的特点。

在短对话部分常考的职业身份有:

教授(professor)、秘书(secretary)、医生(doctor)、老板(boss)、服务员(waiter/waitress)、主人(host/hostess)、修理工

(repairer/plumber/electrician…)、家庭角色

(husband/wife/son/daughter/girlfriend…)

短对话部分涉及的人物关系包括:

夫妻(husband—wife)、父子(father—son)、母子(mother—son)、师生(teacher—student)、同学(schoolmate/ classmate)、同事(colleague)、老板与秘书(boss—secretary)、雇主与雇员(employer—employee)、医生与病人(doctor—patient)、服务员与顾客(waiter/waitress—customer)、主人与客人(host/hostess—guest)、警察与司机(policeman—driver)、管理员与借阅者(librarian—reader)、房东与租房者(landlord/landlady—tenant)

【典型例题】

【例8】A) A bank clerk. B) A secretary. C) A landlady. D) A doctor.

M: According to your ad. in this morning’s paper, you have an apartment for rent.

W: Yes, I have. It’s on the second floor. Would you like to have a look? Come this way, please.

Q: Who is the woman?

【解析】从四个选项看,该题提问的是身份职业。从对话中出现的关键词是an apartment for rent和ad.分析,录音中出现的男士和女士的关系应当是房东和租客的关系,因此这位女士应当是房东。

3.数字计算题

【题特点】

数字计算题常见的提问方式有:

What time…?

How far/long…?

How much/many…?

数字计算题一般涉及时间和价钱的运算。

(1)对活动发生时间的提问。在通常情况下,该类试题一般不会直接告诉我们问题中所问的时间,而是会涉及时间的一些简单的加减运算。要注意一些关键词,如:a quarter(to/past), half (past), daily, weekly, fortnight等。

(2)商品的价格。同样,在短对话中,该类试题也涉及一些简单的加减乘除运算。要注意一些关键词,如:10% off, discount, double, half the price, couple, pair, dozen, a real bargain, on sale,change等。尤其要注意单件商品的价格,买多件商品是否优惠、找零,以及最后的问题是说话人要付的钱、单件商品的价格,还是买若干商品需要付的钱。

【答题技巧】

速记信息。这类题目的对话中一般都不会只出现一个数字,因此一定要对出现的数字及相关要点信息进行速记。

听清问题。做这类题目时,必须清楚地抓住问题是针对什么提问,然后才能根据记录的信息将答案对号入座。

不要直取答案。这类题目的答案一般都不会是原文中数字信息的再现,往往需要经过简单的运算才能得出答案。

【典型例题】

【例9】A) $ 8.60. B) $ 4.30. C) $ 6.40. D) $ 1.40.

W: Here’s a ten-dollar bill. Give me two tickets for tonight’s show, please.

M: Sure. Two tickets and here's a dollar forty cents change.

Q: How much does one ticket cost?

【解析】在听对话的过程中需要对听到的几个数字进行速记:ten-dollar bill, two tickets, a dollar forty c ents’ change,通过对这几个数字的运算可以得到试题的正确答案B)。

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