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超级详解:2019年高考英语全国II卷真题解析

超级详解:2019年高考英语全国II卷真题解析
超级详解:2019年高考英语全国II卷真题解析

阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

A

My Favourite Books

Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series (系列) of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.

Matilda

Roald Dahl

I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl’s writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds. Matilda’s battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull, are equally funny and frightening, but they’re also aspirational.

After Dark

Haruki Murakami

It’s about two sisters –Eri, a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student. In trying to connect to her sister, Mari starts changing her life and dis covers a world of diverse “night people” who are hiding secrets.

Gone Girl

Gillian Fynn

There was a bit of me that didn’t want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. There’s tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It’s a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what’s going on is horribly enjoyable.

The Stand

Stephen King

This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world’s population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.

21. Who does “I” refer to in the text?

A. Stephen King.

B. Gillian Flynn.

C. Jo Usmar.

D. Roald Dahl.

22. Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?

A. Cosmopolitan.

B. Matilda.

C. After Dark.

D. The Stand.

23. What kind of book is Gone Girl?

A. A folk tale.

B. A biography.

21. C 推理判断题根据第一段及该段最后一句Here she picks her top reads.可知,下文介绍作家Jo Usmar选出的最好的读物,所以下文中的“I”指的是Jo Usmar。

22. C 事实细节题根据After Dark的相关内容中It’s about two sisters — Eri,a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping,and Mari, a young student.可知答案。

23. D 事实细节题根据Gone Girl的相关内容中There was a bit of me that didn’t want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. 可知答案。

B

“You can use me as a last resort (选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids’ lacrosse (长曲棍球) club.

I guess that there’s probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on. At this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”

I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.

Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community (社区) as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.

In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?

24. What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph 1?

A. She knows little about the club.

B. She isn’t good at sports.

C. She just doesn’t want to volunteer.

D. She’s unable to meet her schedule.

25. What does the underlined phrase “tug at the heartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean?

A. Encourage teamwork.

B. Appeal to feelings.

C. Promote good deeds.

D. Provide advice.

26. What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3?

A. She gets interested in lacrosse.

B. She is proud of her kids.

C. She’ll work for another season.

D. She becomes a good helper.

27. Why does the author like doing volunteer work?

A. It gives her a sense of duty.

B. It makes her very happy.

C. It enables her to work hard.

24. C 推理判断题根据第一段的You can use me as a last resort, and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.可知,这位家长说如果其他人都不愿意做志愿者的工作,她会做这份工作,作者可以把她当作最后的备选。言外之意就是她不愿意做志愿者的工作。

25. B 词义猜测题heartstrings是由heart + strings组成,可知此短语与心情有关。由上文可知,作者猜测这位家长对于参与一项不熟悉的运动可能有一些顾虑,作者需要说服她。由I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on.可知,作者提到了一位有四个孩子的单亲家长负责该活动;一位爸爸即便自己孩子没有加入球队,也给该球队执教。由此可猜测出作者是想从感情上打动这位家长。

26. D 事实细节题根据第三段的Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.可知,这位家长后来成为社团里的一个有力帮手。

27. B 事实细节题根据第四段的Connecting to the community as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.可知,做志愿者使作者很快乐。

C

Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach’s Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel’s “me” time. And like more Americans, she’s not alone.

A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half (53 percent) have breakfast alone and nearly half (46 percent) have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report.

“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know?” Bechtel said, looking up from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown West Palm Beach, has lunch with coworkers sometimes, but like many of us, too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today, I just wanted some time to myself,” she said.

Just two seats over, Andrew Mazoleny, a local videographer, is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he’s on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction (交流). “I reflect on how my day’s gone and think about the rest of the week,” he said. “It’s a chance for self-reflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan.”

That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the report.

28. What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?

A. Food variety.

B. Eating habits.

C. Table manners.

D. Restaurant service.

29. Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?

A. To meet with her coworkers.

B. To catch up with her work.

C. To have some time on her own.

D. To collect data for her report.

30. What do we know about Mazoleny?

A. He makes videos for the bar.

B. He’s fond of the food at the bar.

C. He interviews customers at the bar.

D. He’s familiar with the barkeeper.

31. What is the text mainly about?

A. The trend of having meals alone.

B. The importance of self-reflection.

C. The stress from working overtime.

D. The advantage of wireless technology.

28. B 推理判断题第二段内容中提到,一份新的报告发现,46%的情况下美国人都是独自用餐的。超过半数(53%)的人独自吃早餐,近一半(46%)人独自吃午餐。有74%的人只在晚餐时间才一起吃饭。由此可见,这项报告的统计数据是关于人们的饮食习惯,即许多人喜欢独自用餐。

29. C 事实细节题第三段中提到,午餐时间的休息可以让Bechtel不受老板差遣,回到工作岗位时也能精力充沛。第三段最后一句话表明Bechtel想给自己一些时间,因此Bechtel更愿意在外面吃午餐是因为她想要有自己的时间。

30. D 事实细节题第四段中提到,Mazoleny喜欢安静地坐着看手机,也会和酒吧老板直呼其名,亲切地聊会天。on a first-name basis意为“关系密切直呼其名”。由此可知,Mazoleny与酒吧老板熟识。

31. A 主旨大意题本文通过一份报告的统计数据和两个实例说明美国人喜欢独自用餐的趋势,并在文章最后一段提出人们选择独自用餐的原因。因此A项正确。

D

Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms (微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It is depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.

HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they’re close to a solution (解决方案). “We don’t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold, a project manager.

“There are no tests,” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grad es, other than ‘Are you working towards your goal?’ Basically, it’s ‘I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of the year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and…it’s not a very

nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review of your product.”

Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact (影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach.” And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.

32. What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?

A. They are hard to get rid of.

B. They lead to air pollution.

C. They appear in different forms.

D. They damage the instruments.

33. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?

A. To strengthen teacher-student relationships.

B. To sharpen students’ communication skills.

C. To allow students to experience zero gravity.

D. To link space technology with school education.

34. What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program?

A. Check their product.

B. Guide project designs.

C. Adjust work schedules.

D. Grade their homework.

35. What is the best title for the text?

A. NASA: The Home of Astronauts

B. Space: The Final Homework Frontier

C. Nature: An Outdoor Classroom

答案与解析

32. A 推理判断题根据第一段第二句The microorganisms from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. 可知,国际空间站里宇航员自身携带的微生物会变得无法控制,宇航员们每周要花费数小时清理这些微生物,由此可推断出,国际空间站里的细菌很难清除。

33. D 事实细节题根据第二段第一句HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. 可知,HUNCH计划的目的是把航天技术与学校教育结合起来。

34. A 事实细节题根据第三段最后两句Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and…it’s not

a very nice thing at times. It’s a hard business review of your product.可知,美国国家航空航天局的工程师们会亲自审查学生们制作的产品。

35. B 主旨大意题文章以国际空间站里的微生物很难清除开头,引出宇航员们解决此问题的途径——借助美国国家航空航天局的HUNCH高中班,此计划的目的是把航天技术与学校教育结合起来。在这项计划里,学生们通过homework(制作供美国国家航空航天局使用的产品)探索无疆的太空,因此“太空:最后的功课疆域”最适合做文章的标题。

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Imagine a child standing on a diving boa rd four feet high and asking himself the question: “Should I jump?” This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin. 36 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.

37 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals.

You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 38 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity (清晰) of thoughts can help you move forward.

Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 39 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.

Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 40 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.

You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.

A. This can affect your work.

B. So how should you motivate yourself?

C. However, this should not discourage you.

D. So why should we try to set specific goals?

E. They can change according to circumstances.

F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.

G. Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it.

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高考全国II卷英语 第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分) A In the coming months, we are bringing together artists form all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeare’s plays in their own language, in our Globe, within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for. Please come and join us. National Theatre of China Beijing|Chinese This great occasion(盛会) will be the National Theatre of China’s first visit to the UK. The company’s productions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre. This production of Shakespeare’s Richard III will be directed by the National’s Associate Director,Wang Xiaoying. Date & Time : Saturday 28 April,2.30pm & Sunday 29 April,1.30pm & 6.30pm Marjanishvili Theatre Tbilisi | Georgian One of the most famous theatres in Georgia,the Marjanishvili,founded in 1928,appears regularly at theatre festivals all over the world. This new production of It is helmed(指导)by the company’s Artistic Director Levan Tsuladze. Date & Time :Friday 18May,2.30pm & Saturday 19May,7.30pm Deafinitely Theatre London | British Sign Language (BSL) By translating the rich and humourous text of Love’s Labour’s Lost into the physical language of BSL,Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare’s comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience. Date & Time : Tuesday 22 May,2.30pm & Wednesday 23 May,7.30pm Habima National Theatre Tel Aviv | Hebrew The Habima is the centre of Hebrew-language theatre worldwide ,Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s,Since 1958, they have been recognised as the national theatre of Israel .This production of Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK. Date & Time :Monday 28May,7.30 & Tuesday 29 May,7.30pm 21.which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China? A.Richard Ⅲ. B.Lover’s Labour’s Lost

2019年高考理科数学全国2卷(附答案)

学校:____________________ _______年_______班 姓名:____________________ 学号:________- - - - - - - - - 密封线 - - - - - - - - - 密封线 - - - - - - - - - 绝密★启用前 2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 理科数学 全国II 卷 本试卷共23小题,满分150分,考试用时120分钟 (适用地区:内蒙古/黑龙江/辽宁/吉林/重庆/陕西/甘肃/宁夏/青海/新疆/西藏/海南) 注意事项: 1. 答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 一、 选择题:本题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分。在每个小题给出的四个选 项中, 只有一项是符合题目要求的。 1.设集合A ={x |x 2-5x +6>0},B ={ x |x -1<0},则A ∩B = A .(-∞,1) B .(-2,1) C .(-3,-1) D .(3,+∞) 2.设z =-3+2i ,则在复平面内z 对应的点位于 A .第一象限 B .第二象限 C .第三象限 D .第四象限 3.已知AB =(2,3),AC =(3,t ),BC =1,则AB BC ?= A .-3 B .-2 C .2 D .3 4.2019年1月3日嫦娥四号探测器成功实现人类历史上首次月球背面软着陆,我国航天事业取得又一重大成就,实现月球背面软着陆需要解决的一个关键技术问题是地面与探测器的通讯联系.为解决这个问题,发射了嫦娥四号中继星“鹊桥”,鹊桥沿着围绕地月拉格朗日L 2点的轨道运行.L 2点是平衡点,位于地月连线的延长线上.设地球质量为M 1,月球质量为M 2,地月距离为 R ,2L 点到月球的距离为r ,根据牛顿运动定律和万有引力定律,地月连线的延长线上.设地球质量为M 1,月球质量为M 2,地月距离为R ,2L 点到月球的距离为r ,根据牛顿运动定律和万有引力定律,r 满足方程: 121 223()()M M M R r R r r R +=++. 设r R α=,由于α的值很小,因此在近似计算中34532 333(1) ααααα++≈+,则r 的近似值为 A B C D 5.演讲比赛共有9位评委分别给出某选手的原始评分,评定该选手的成绩时,从9个原始评分中去掉1个最高分、1个最低分,得到7个有效评分.7个有效评分与9个原始评分相比,不变的数字特征是 A .中位数 B .平均数 C .方差 D .极差 6.若a >b ,则 A .ln(a ?b )>0 B .3a <3b C .a 3?b 3>0 D .│a │>│b │ 7.设α,β为两个平面,则α∥β的充要条件是 A .α内有无数条直线与β平行 B .α内有两条相交直线与β平行 C .α,β平行于同一条直线 D .α,β垂直于同一平面 8.若抛物线y 2 =2px (p >0)的焦点是椭圆 2231x y p p + =的一个焦点,则p =

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