Unit Four 课文翻译

四、What Is Happiness?

1、The right to pursue happiness is issued to Americans with their birth cetificates, but no one seems quite which way it ran. It may be we are issued a hunting license but offered no game. Jonathan Swift seemed to being welldeceived.” The felicty of being “a fool among knaves.” For Swift say society as Vanity Fair, the land of false goals.自从呱呱坠地，美国人就被赋予了追求幸福的权利，但似乎没人确信幸福究竟在哪里。正如它发给我们狩猎证，却不给我们提供猎物。乔纳森?斯威福特似乎持此观点，他抨击幸福的想法是“鬼迷心窍的上当，”是“骗子堆中的傻瓜”的自鸣得意。因为他视社会为虚妄目标聚集的名利场。

2、It is, of course, un-American to think in terms of fools and knaves. We do, however, seem to be dedicated to the idea of buying our way to happiness. We shall all have made it to heaven when we possess enough.当然用傻子、骗子这样的字眼来形容是不合美国的人的风俗习惯的，然后我们似乎确实沉溺于用金钱购买幸福的想法：只要有足够的钱，我们百年后就能上天堂。

3、And at the same time the forces of American commercialism are hugely dedicated to making us deliberately unhappy. Advertising is one of our major industries, and advertising is one of our major industries, and advertising exists not to satisfy desires but to create them-and to create them faster than any man’s budget can satisfy them. For that matter, our whole economy is based on a dedicated insatiability. We are taught that to possess is to be happy, and then we are made to want. We are even told it is our duty to want. It was only a few years ago, to cite a single example, that car dealers across the country were flying banners that read “You Auto Buy Now.” There were calling upon Americans, as an act approaching patriotism, to buy at once, with money they did not have. Automobiles they did not really need, and which they would be required to grow tired of by the time the next year’s models were released.同时，美国的商业主义却又殚精竟虑故意使我们得不到幸福。广告是我们的支柱产业之一，其存在不是为了满足欲望。而是为了制造欲望——其制造速度之快，使我们的腰包应接不暇。就此而言，我们的整个经济是基于一种无法自拔的贪求无厌。我们受到的教育是“占有却为幸福”，然后我们就被迫产生贪欲。我们甚至被告知欲望是我们的义务。引用一个简单的例子为证：仅仅几年前，全国的汽车销售商还打着“你应该立即购买汽车”的横幅。他们号召美国人民：作为一种爱国主义行为，他们应该立即按揭购买他们并不真正需要的汽车，并且在次年新款汽车发布后他们会对原来这些汽车心生厌倦。

4、Or look at any of the women’s magazines. There, as Bernard De V oto once pointed out, advertising begains as poetry in the front pages and ends as pharmacopoeia and therapy in the back page. The poetry of the front matter is the dream of perfect beauty. This is the baby skin that must be hers. These, the flawless teeth. This, the perfumed breath she must exhale. This, the sixteen-year-old figure she must display she must display at forty, at fifty, at sixty, and forever.或者任意浏览一本女性杂志。正如伯尔纳德?德?渥托曾经指出的那样，这些杂志开头几页的广告诗情画意，而最后则以类似药典和治疗手册结尾。前者是完美美女的梦想：这该是她婴儿般的股肤，这些是她无瑕的牙齿，这该是她呼出的香气，这该是她能保持到40、50、60岁甚至永远的16岁少女般的身材。

5、Once past the vaguely uplifting fiction and feature articles, the reader finds the

other face of the dream in the back matter. This is the harness into which Mother must strap herself in order to display that perfect figure. These, the chin straps she must sleep in. This is the slave that restores all, this is her laxative, these are the tablets that melt away fat, these are the hormones of perceptual youth, these are the stockings that hide varicose veins.一旦读完这些隐约让人振奋的小说和专题文章，读者在杂志最后几页就会发现梦想的真相：这是家庭主妇必须得系上的背带，以展现其完美身材。这些是她睡觉时必须带上的颚带。这是可以恢复青春的药剂和装备，这是她减肥用的缓泻药，这些是消化脂肪的药片，这些是使外表年轻的荷尔蒙，这些是掩盖静脉曲张的长袜。

6、Obviously no half-sane person can be completely persuaded either by such poetry or by such poetry or by such pharmacopoeia and orthopedics. Yet someone is obviously trying to buy the dream as offered and spending billions every year in the attempt. Clearly the happiness-market is not running out of customers, but what is trying to buy?显而易见，即使心智不健全的人也不会完全相信这些诗境或是这些药典和矫正术。然后有人显然正在竭力购买这些广告所兜的美梦，并为此每年耗资数十亿美元。这种幸福市场无疑不会无人问津，但他们购买的究竟是什么呢？

7、The idea “happiness,” to be sure, will not sit still for easy definition: the best one can do is to try to set some extremes to the idea and then work in toward the middle. To think of happiness as acquisitive and competitive will do to set the materialistic extreme. To think of it as the idea one senses in, say, a holy man of India will do to set the spiritual extreme. The holy man’s idea of happiness is in needing nothing from outside himself. In wanting nothing, he lacks nothing. He sits immobile, rapt in contemplation, free even of his own body. Or nearly free of it. If devout admirers bring him food he eats it; if not, he starves indifferently. Why beconcerned? What is physical is an illusion to him. Contemplation is his joy and he achieves it through afantastically demanding discipline, the accomplishment of which is itself a joy within him.诚然，给“幸福”这一概念下定义远非易事：最好是尽量为这一概念确立一些极限，然后将两者折中。将幸福视为物质上的拥有和相互攀比，这就确立了其物质上的极限。将其视为一个人（比如印度的圣人）所感知的信念，则是确立了其精神上的极限。圣人的幸福是无需身外之物。无欲则无求。他静坐不动，陷入冥思，甚至脱离或者说近乎脱离自己的肉体。如果有虔诚的信徒带来食物，他硬听；如果没有，他便淡然地饿着。有什么好牵挂的呢？对他而言，物质世界只是虚幻。宴想是他的极乐，而他通过修行来实现。这种修行要求之高，让人难以置信，其完成本身就是他内心的一种极乐。

8、Is he a happy man? Perhaps his happiness is only another sort of illusion.But who can take it from him? And who will dare say it is more illusory than happiness on the installment plan?他幸福吗？或许他的幸福只是另一种虚幻。但谁又能将幸福从他身边夺走呢？又有谁敢说这种幸福比分期付款计划中得到的幸福更缥缈呢？

9、But, perhaps because I am Western, I doubt such catatonic happiness,as I doubt the dreams of the happiness-market. What is certain is that his way of happiness would be torture to almost any Western man. Yet these extremes will still serve to frame the area within all of us and must find some sort of balance. Thoreau-a creature of both Eastern and Western thought-had his own firm sense of that balance.His aim was to save on the low levels in order to spend on the high.然而，或许因为我是西方人，我

对这种令人精神紧张的幸福持怀疑态度，正如我怀疑幸福市场的梦幻一样。可以确信，他这种幸福方式对几乎任何一个西方人而言都是一种折磨。尽管如此，我们仍然可以利用这些极限来划定幸福的范畴，在这一范畴内每个人都得找到某种平衡。梭罗，一个东西思想交融的人物，对这种平衡有他自己的坚定信念。他的目标是在低层次节约，在高层次上付出。

10、Posssession for its own sake or in competiton with the rest of the neighborhood would have been Thoureau’s idea of the low levels. The active discipline of heightening one’s perception of what is enduring in nature would have been his idea of the high, What he saved from the low was time and effort he could spend on the high. Thoreau certainly disapproved of starvation, but he would put into feeding himself only as much effort as would keep him functioning for more important efforts.梭罗所理解的“低层次”，即为自己而去拥有，或与邻里明争暗斗而致拥有。他心目中的“高层次”，则是这样一种积极的人生戒律，即要使自己对自己界永恒之物的感悟臻于完美。对于他从低层次上节省下来的时间和精力，他可将其致力于对高层次的追求。勿庸置疑，梭罗不赞成忍饥挨饿，但他在膳食方面投入的精力仅果腹而已，只要可以确保他能去从事更为重要的事务即可。

11、Effort is the gist of it. There is no happiness except as we take on life-engaging difficulties. Short of the impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfactions we get from a lifetime depend on how hign we choose our difficulties.Robert Frost was thinking in something like the same terms when he spoke of “The pleasure of taking pains.” The martal flaw in the advertised version of happiness is in the fact that it purports to be effortless.殚精竭虑，全力以赴，便是问题的精髓所在。除非我们愿意直面那些需要我们全身心投入的艰难困苦，否则便不会有幸福可言。正如叶芝所言，除却某些不可能的情形，我们人生中所获取的满足皆取决于我们在多高的境界中选择我们所愿意面对的艰难困苦。当罗伯特?弗罗斯特言及“以苦为乐”时，他内心所思，大体如此。商业广告中所宣扬的寻种幸福观，其致使的缺陷就在于它宣称，一切幸福皆唾手可得，不费吹灰之力。

12、We demand difficulty even in our games. We demand it because without difficulty there can be no game. A game is a way of making something hard for the fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary imposition of dificulty. When the spoilsport ruins the fun, he always does so by refusing to play by the rules. It is easier to win at chess if you are free,at your pleasure, to change the wholly arbitrary rules, but the fun is in winning within the rules. No difficulty, no fun.即使于游戏之中，我们也需要有艰难困苦。之所以需要它，是因为若没有困难，便断无游戏可言。游戏即是这样一种方式，为了享受其中的情趣而人为地使事情变得不那么轻而易举。游戏中的种种规则，便是将困难武断地强加于人。有的人将情趣摧毁殆尽，总是因为他拒不按游戏规则行事而使然。这犹如下棋，如果你随心所欲、心血来潮全然武断地去更改那些游戏规则、去赢棋当然会更加容易。但下棋的情趣则在于应在规则的限定范围内赢取胜利。一言以蔽之，没有艰难，断无情趣。

13、The buyers and sellers at the happiness-market seem too often to have lost their sense of the pleasure of difficulty. Heaven knows what they are playing,but it seems a dull game. And the Indian holy man seems dull to us, I suppose, because he seems to be refusing to play anyting at all. The Western weakness may be in the illusion that happiness can be bought. Perhaps the Eastern weakness is in the idea that there is such

a thing as perfect (therefore static ) happiness.幸福市场上的买卖双方似乎大都体会不到挑战困难的乐趣。天知道他们在玩些什么，但似乎不外乎那些无聊的游戏。我猜印度的圣人在我们看来有些无聊，因为他似乎拒绝玩任何游戏。西方人的弱点在于他们幻想幸福可以买到。或许东方人的弱点在于他们认为存在产丰一种完美的（因而也是静止的）幸福。

14、Happiness is never more than partial. There are no pure states of mankind. Whatever else happiness may be, it is neither in having nor in being, but in becoming. What the Founding Fathers declared for us as inherent right,we should do well to remember, was not happiness but the pursuit of happiness market, is the cardinal fact that happiness is in the pursuit itself, in the meaningful pursuit of what is life-engaging and life-revealing, which is to say, in the idea of becoming. A nation is not measured by what it possesses or wants to possess, but by what it wants to become.从来就没有过完美的幸福。人类社会不存在尽善尽美。无论人们怎样界定何谓幸福，它既不在于拥有也不在于实现，而在于追求的过程。我们应该牢记：开国元勋们为我们所宣布的与生俱来的权利，不是享受幸福而是追求幸福。假如他们当初预见到现在出现的幸福市场，他们就会强调指出这样一个基本事实：幸福在于为之奋斗的过程，在于我们终生为之努力并从中获得启迪的事业，也就是说在于追求。对于一个民族的评价不是看它拥有什么或是幸福拥有什么，而是看它想要追求什么。

15、By all means let the happiness-market sell us minor satisfactions and even minor follies so long as we keep them in scale and buy them out of spiritual change. I am no customer for either Puritanism or asceticism. But drop any real spiritual capital at those bazaars, and what you come to will be your own poorhouse.当然，只要我们掌握好一个度，或者只作为一种精神调节，不妨从幸福市场买点满足感甚至可以花钱买点愚蠢的东西。我既不信奉清教徒的生活准则也不赞面禁欲主义。但如果我们在这些市场上放弃任何真正意义上的精神财富，那么到头来我们只能是一无所有。

综合教程2(何兆熊)Unit1-Unit12课后翻译答案

Unit 1 1.Thanks to the modern technology, the film about that ancient battle gives the audience the illusion of being on the battlefield themselves. 2.That ancient city was devastated by the fire, but fortunately the stone tablet survived. 3.The videotape and the story by the women filled them with sympathy for the child who had become an orphan in the earthquake. 4.in that earthquake, we heard many stories of teachers who had refused to leave their students behind and laid down their lives. 5.the construction of the Yu Yuan Garden began in 1558, but it was not completed until 1578 because building went off and on for lack of money. 6.in 1980, when I met up with her,, she had just returned from abroad with a master's degree. 7.It was my first visit to New York, but I managed to find my way to the little firm. 8.It is hard to make it to the top in the movie industry, but as a director Xie Jin did it. Unit 2

学士学位英语考试翻译题型解题秘笈

学士学位英语考试翻译题型解题秘笈 在学士学位英语考试复习中，翻译既是重点也是难点，在此提醒考生一定要给予足够重视。外语教育网的小编为考生整理了学士学位英语考试翻译题型解题秘笈，希望考生认真阅读和学习。 翻译部分是03年增加的题型。放在试卷的最后，共有10个小题，考试时间30分钟。翻译试题由两部分组成。第一部分为英译汉，要求考生把阅读理解文章中划线的五个句子译成中文。第二部分为汉译英，要求考生把五个难度适中的中文句子译成英文。英译汉和汉译英的句子难度均低于课文的英语文章。评分标准要求译文达意，无重大语言错误。翻译部分的目的是测试学生词汇、语法、句型方面综合运用语言的能力。 英译汉应试技巧 英译汉是运用汉语把英语所表达的思想准确而完整地重新表达出来的语言活动。在英译汉的过程中，有两点值得我们特别地注意： 1、汉语所要表达的是英语原文的内容，即句子或文章的意义，而不是句子结构； 2、在翻译过程中，英语原文的内容要准确而完整地重新表达出来，而不是将两种语言结构进行简单的转换。 英译汉的过程包括理解，分析句架表达和校核三个阶段,因此，在英译汉的过程中，往往需要考生从英语到汉语，再从汉语到英语反复的推敲。 (一)理解 理解阶段的目的在于读懂英语原文，弄清原文的意思。为了透彻理解原文，建议考生在复习和应试时采取下列步骤： 1、通读全文。通读全文的目的在于从整体上把握整篇文章的内容，理解划线的部分与文章其他部分之间的语法与逻辑关系。在段落中要搞清划线的句子和其他句子之间的关系，因为孤立地阅读划线部分的英语，往往无法理解该部分的真正含义。一篇好的文章，其前后的意思都互相关联，具有很强的逻辑性，一个单词或句子只有在具体的上下文中才能体现出确切的含义来，因此，上下文能帮助我们正确的理解划线的部分，通读全文是很重要的。但是,在通读全文的过程中应该注意，对非划线的部分不要花费时间过多，对于其中一些不太容易理解的内容也不必太在意，只是搞清大体意义即可。因为通读全文的目的在于帮助自己理解划线的部分,只要能把该部分理解透彻也就足够了。 2、分析划线部分的句子结构。从一般的翻译试题来看，划线的部分一般来说结构句子都比较复杂。复杂的句子如果不搞清楚它的语法结构，很难达到正确完整地理解原文的要求。因此正确地把握句子的结构是进行正确地翻译的关键。 3、理解分析划线部分的含义。考生不仅要弄清句子中所有实词和虚词的词汇意义，还要理解全句的整体意义。理解句子的依据除了句子本身之外，还有该句子所处的具体的语言环境。在此阶段应清楚下列问题： (1)句子中是否含有代词和其他具有指代意义的词，如果有，应根据上下文确定它们指代的内容是什么； (2)句子中的短语和一些常用的词往往具有多种含义和用法，那么，在该句中它们的具体含义是什么； (3)按照你的理解，该部分的意义是否与全篇文章的内容一致，有无相互矛盾。 总之,在动手翻译之前，首先要读懂原文，不要一上来就急于动手翻译，这样做往往会出现一种情况:该题快要翻译完了，猛然又发现自己理解有误，马上就急忙修改，搞的卷面上一塌糊涂，而且很容易忙中出错，把本应拿到的分数丢掉了，这是非常令人可惜的。 (二)表达 表达就是译者把自己从英语原文理解的内容用汉语表达出来,理解是表达的基础，表达是理解的结果，但是理解正确并不意味着一定会有正确的表达，平时做翻译练习时有同学反映，有时对原文理解之后还不知如何用汉语表达，就充分说明了这一点。这里介绍两种基本的翻译方法：直译和意译。 1、直译。所谓直译，就是在译文语言条件许可时，在译文中既保持原文的内容,又保持原文的形式。在汉语和英语两种语言中存在着许多共同之处，在对于许多英语句子的翻译过程中,完全可以采取直译的方法，这样可以获得一举两得之功效，既保持了原文的结构，又正确表达了原文的内容。但是直译不是死译和硬译，象It is asserted that…;It is believed that…这一类的结构，如果直译过来那就不伦不类了。 2、意译。汉语和英语分别属于不同的语系，两者在词汇、句法结构和表达方法上具有很多的差异。当原文的思想内容与译文的表达形式有矛盾不易采用直译的方法处理时，就应采用意译法，意译就是不拘泥于原文的形式，重点在于正确表达原文的内容。例如Do you see any green in my eye象这样的句子，只能采取意译的方法，把它翻译为“你以为我是好欺骗的吗”当然,意译并不等于乱译,胡乱地翻译是不符合“忠实”的翻译标准的。 在具体的翻译过程中，我们应该采取灵活的方法，不论是直译还是意译，只要是符合“忠实、通顺”的翻译原则，都是可取的。在翻译的过程中，我们务必注意以下几点： A、理解透彻之后再动手表达，否则表达的结果会令人莫名其妙； B、切忌在翻译时把汉语和英语对号入座，逐字逐句的对号入座的结果往往是不伦不类； C、切忌擅自增减词意，增减意义与翻译技巧中经常提到的增词法与减词法根本就不是一回事。 (三)校核 校核阶段是理解与表达的进一步深化，是对原文内容进一步核实以及对译文语言进一步推敲的阶段，因此，校核是翻译过程中一个很重要的阶段，并不是可有可无的，通过表达之后的校核，我们可以发现译文的一些问题，确保自己理解的内容很有把握地得到分数。在校核阶段，一般应注意与下列各项有关的问题(1)人名、地名、日期、方位和数字等；(2)汉语译文的词与句有无错漏；(3)修改译文中译错或表达不够准确的句子、词组或词汇；(4)有无错别字；(5)标点符号是否有误。 做汉译英时一般应经过以下步骤

新视野大学英语2第三版unit8 textA课文翻译.doc

Unit 8 Section A Animals or children?—A scientist's choice 动物还是孩子？——一位科学家的选择 1 I am the enemy! I am one of those cursed, cruel physician scientists involved in animal research. These rumors sting, for I have never thought of myself as an evil person. I became a children's doctor because of my love for children and my supreme desire to keep them healthy. During medical school and residency, I saw many children die of cancer and bloodshed from injury — circumstances against which medicine has made great progress but still has a long way to go. More importantly, I also saw children healthy thanks to advances in medical science such as infant breathing support, powerful new medicines and surgical techniques and the entire field of organ transplantation. My desire to tip the scales in favor of healthy, happy children drew me to medical research. 1 我就是那个敌人！我就是那些被人诅咒的、残忍的、搞动物实验的医生科学家之一。这些谣言刺痛了我，因为我从来没想到自己是一个邪恶的人。我成为一位儿科医生，因为我爱孩子，也因为我的最大愿望是让他们保持健康。在医学院学习和住院医生实习时，我看到了许多儿童死于癌症和受伤流血——虽然对此医学正取得很大进步，但远非完善。更重要的是，我还看到孩子们能保持健康得益于医学的进步，如婴儿呼吸支持器，功效强大的新药物和外科手术技术及整个器官移植领域的发展。我希望孩子们健康快乐，这促使我从事医学研究。 2 My accusers have twisted the truth into a fable and cast me as the devil. They claim that I have no moral compass, that I torture innocent animals for the sole purpose of career advancement, and that my experiments have no relevance to medicine. Meanwhile, an uncaring public barely watches, convinced that the issue has no significance, and publicity-conscious senators and politicians increasingly give way to the lobbying of animal rights activists. 2 控诉我的人把真相歪曲成一则神话，并把我描写成恶魔。他们声称我没有道德界限，我折磨那些无辜动物的唯一目的就是为了自己的职业升迁，而我的实验根本与医药毫不相关。与此同时，无动于衷的公众几乎不闻不问，相信这个议题毫无意义，而具有宣传意识的参议员和政治家们却对动物权利活动家的游说不断作出让步。 3We,in medical research,have also been unbelievably uncaring.We have allowed the most extr eme animal rights protesters to creep in and frame the issue as one of"animal fraud"and hatred. We have persisted in our belief that a knowledgeable public would consent to the importance of animal research for public health.Perhaps we have been mistaken in not responding to the emoti onal tone of the argument.Perhaps we should have responded to those sad slogans and posters of animals by waving equally sad posters of children dying of cancer or external wounds. 3我们这些从事医学研究的人也显得令人难以置信的冷漠。我们允许最极端的动物权利活动家渐渐侵入，任凭他们把此类研究诬陷为“动物欺诈”和对动物的仇恨。我们一直坚信，有知识的公众会赞同动物研究对公众健康的重要性。也许我们的错误是没有对这场争论的感性基调作出反应。也许我们早应该挥动着儿童死于癌症或外伤的同样令人伤心的海报，来回应那些关于动物受害的伤感标语及海报。 4In the animal rights forum,much is made of the volume of pain these animals experience in the name of medical science.Activists deny that we are trying to help and say it is evidence of our ev il and cruel nature.A more reasonable argument,however,can be advanced in our defense.Life i

Unit 1课文翻译及课后翻译练习参考答案

Unit 1 课文翻译及课后练习翻译参考答案 课文翻译： Unit1 从能力到责任 当代的大学生对他们在社会中所扮演的角色的认识模糊不清。他们致力于寻求在他们看来似乎是最现实的东西：追求安全保障，追逐物质财富的积累。年轻人努力想使自己成人成才、有所作为，但他们也承认自己的迷茫：在这个变幻莫测的时代，他们该信仰什么?大学生一直在寻找真我的所在，寻找生活的意义。一如芸芸众生的我们，他们也感到纠结——一方面，他们崇尚奉献于人的理想主义，而另一方面，他们又经不住自身利益的诱惑，陷入利己主义的世界里欲罢不能。 最终，本科教育的质量将由毕业生参与社会与公民活动的主动性来衡量。雷霍德·尼布尔曾经写道：“一个人只有奉献社会，才能了解自我。一个人如果一味地以自我为中心（或直译：一个人如果不能找到自我以外的中心），他将会失去自我。”理想化的本科教育应该反映在超越自我中。在这一个残酷的、竞争激烈的社会，人们期望大学生能具备正直、文明，甚至富有同情心的人格品质，这是否已是一种奢望?人们期望大学的人文教育会有助于培养学生的人际交往能力，如今是否仍然适合（或直译：希望大学的人文教育能使大学生在与他人的人际交往中具备人文情怀，这是否合适）? 毫无疑问，大学生应该履行公民的义务。这迫切需要美国教育有助于弥合公共政策与公众理解程度之间的极具危险性、正日益加深的鸿沟。建设性思考政府议程问题所必备的知识似乎越来越无法掌握。所以很多人认为想通过公众的参与来解决复杂的公共问题已不再可能行得通。他们问，如果一些非专业人士甚至不懂专业术语，怎么可能让他们去讨论重大的政策选择问题? 核能的利用应该扩大还是削弱?水资源能保证充足的供应吗?怎样控制军备竞赛?大气污染的安全标准是多少?甚至连人类的起源与灭绝这样近乎玄乎的问题也会被列入政治议事日程。 公民们带着类似的困惑讨论“星球大战”问题，试图搞懂那些关于“威慑”与“反威慑”等高科技的专业术语。像地方的区域规划，学校种族隔离制的废除，排水系统的问题，公共交通的治理，以及相互竞争中的有线电视公司对许可证的申请等这些曾经看起来只是一些地方性事务的事情，现在也需要专家来解决。这些专家讨论专门术语，常常不是阐明问题，反而使问题变得让人迷惑不解。然而，公共生活的复杂性，要求更多、而非更少的信息资料；需要更积极、而非更消极的公众参与。 对于那些关心“民治”政府的人，公众理解程度的每况愈下是无法接受的。当今世界，人类生存问题吉凶未卜、危在旦夕，无知是不可取的。由视野有限的专家完全控制政策制定，这也是不可容忍的。作为公民，我们如果不能找到更好的方法教育自己，如果不能提出难题，并得到满意的答案，那么我们会冒险做一些关键性的决定，不是基于我们所了解的知识，而是基于对一两个所谓专家的盲目信任。 我们的民主社会需要一批受过良好教育(well-informed)、关心他人(caring)的人士。他们能作为公民，本着服务大众的精神，团结一致，相互学习，参与到民主建设之中。 我们需要关心公众事务的人，他们能参与调查，知道如何提出合适的问题，了解公民政策制定的程序，并能够对那些影响深远的问题做出有根据的、敏锐的判断。诚然，没有哪个社会机构能独立培养我们所需的领导人才，但我们深信，如果“民治政府”要有生命力的话，大学相对于其他机构来说，更有责任去培养我们国家所急需的开明领导人。 为了完成这个迫切的使命，所需的视野不仅要着眼国内，还必须放眼世界。当代大学生必须还了解其它国家的民族与文化。人类的势力范围已涉及到太空，一切变得都很明了，我们都是同一个星球的守护者。在过去的半个世纪中，我们的地球变得越来越拥挤，相互依赖

unit 12-Text A 课文及译文

Unit 12 Text A 课文及译文 Feeling Free 感受自由 ①I woke up feeling cranky. I didn't want to do housework, though the laundry was piling up. I didn't want to read the work I brought home from the office. I didn't want to do anything that resembled responsible behavior. It was that kind of day. 一醒来我的心情就很糟糕。我不想做家务，尽管要洗的衣服已经堆积如山。我也不想理会那些我从办公室带回家的工作。我不想做任何负责任的事。这就是那样的一天。 ②As I drank my morning tea, I thought I felt a headache coming on. Yes, there it was, a dull throb just behind my eyes. Maybe I should go back to bed until it subsided. As I put the dishes in the sink, it seemed that my muscles were beginning to ache. Or was the ache in my joints? That could mean I was coming down with the flu. （承上启下句）Everyone I knew had the flu this year. Why should I be the one to escape it? I absolutely should be in bed. 当我喝早茶的时候，我就感到阵阵头痛袭来。是的，就是，一阵隐隐约约的疼痛充斥着我的眼睛。或许，我应该继续睡觉直到疼痛消失。当我把盘子丢进水槽里的时候，我的肌肉好像也开始隐隐作痛。或许是我的关节在痛?那是不是我

学位英语模拟试题翻译(三)

模拟试题（三） Passage1 1. by "...challenges explanation"(line 2,para. 1) the author means that B. it's no easy job to provide an adequate explanation. 通过“……挑战说明”（2号线，对。1）作者认为提供充分的解释是不容易的 2. the third paragraph is mainly about A. the development of babies' early forms of language. 第三段主要是关于婴儿早期语言形式的发展 3. the author's purpose in writing the second paragraph is to show that children D. learn to speak by listening. 作者写作的目的是为了让孩子们学会倾听 4. from the passage we learn that C. imitation plays an important role in learning to speak. 从这篇文章中我们知道模仿在学习中扮演重要的角色 5. the best title for this passage would be A. how babies learn to speak. 这篇文章的最佳标题是婴儿如何学会说话 Passage2 6. it is commonly accepted in american society that too much sleep is A. unreasonable .不合理 美国社会普遍接受过多的睡眠是不合理的 7. the research done by the dement commission shows that americans C. sleep less than is good for them 由元委员会所做的研究表明，美国人睡眠不足对他们是好的 8. the purpose of this article is to D. convince the reader of the necessity of napping. 这篇文章的目的是要说服读者午睡的必要性 9. the "american sleep debt"(line 1-2,para.3) is the result of B. the traditional misconception the americans have about sleep. “美国睡眠债”（第2行，第3段）是美国人对睡眠的传统误解的结果 10. the second sentence of the last paragraph tells us that it is D. natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for it. 最后一段的第二句告诉我们，只要我们觉得有必要，就很自然地去睡觉了 Passage3 11. jewish parents in eastern europe longed for their children to attend music school because D. it would allow them access to a better life in the west. 东欧的犹太父母渴望他们的孩子参加音乐学校，因为这将使他们获得更好的生活在西方 12. nurturing societies as mentioned in the passage refer to societies that B. treasure talent and provide opportunities for its full development. 在这篇文章中提到的“培育社会”是指“宝”人才，为其全面发展提供机会的社会 13. japan is described in the passage as a country that attaches importance to C. strict training of children.

全新版第二版第一册unit8课文翻译电子教案

全新版第二版第一册u n i t8课文翻译

A fable for tomorrow (Rachel Carson) There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to live in harmony with its surroundings. The town lay in the midst of a checkerboard of prosperous farms, with fields of grain and hillsides of orchards where, in spring, white clouds of bloom drifted above the green fields. In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of color that flamed and flickered across a backdrop of pines. Then foxes barked in the hills and deer silently crossed the fields, half hidden in the mists of the fall mornings. 从前在美国中心有一个小镇，那里的万物看上去都与其四周的环境融洽相处。小镇的四周是像棋盘交错的生意盎然的农庄，还有一块块的田地和一座座遍布山坡的果园。春天来了，白色的鲜花云彩般地漂浮在田野上；秋天到了，橡树、枫树和桦树色彩斑斓，在一片松树林间火焰般地燃烧与跳跃。小山上狐狸吠叫，田野间小鹿静静地跃过，所有的一切都在秋天清晨的薄雾中半隐半现。 Along the roads, laurel, viburnum and alder, great ferns and wildflowers delighted the traveler's eye through much of the year. Even in winter the roadsides were places of beauty, where countless birds came to feed on the berries and on the seed heads of the dried weeds rising above the snow. The countryside was, in fact, famous for the abundance and variety of its bird life, and when the flood of migrants was pouring through in spring and fall people traveled from great distances to observe them. Others came to fish the streams, which flowed clear and cold out of the hills and contained shady pools where trout lay. So it had been from the days many years ago when the first settlers raised their houses, sank their wells, and built their barns. 在路的两旁，一年中许多时候，月桂树、荚莲、桤木、蕨类植物和各样的野花都能让过往的行人赏心悦目。即使是冬天，路边的景色依旧是美不胜收，那里无数的小鸟来觅取浆果莓和露在雪地上的枯枝上的种子。事实上，这乡村正是由于鸟类的数量和种类之繁多而出名的。在候鸟群潮涌而来的春秋季节，人们从大老远的地方慕名前来欣赏。还有的人来这里的小溪垂钓。清冽的溪水从山中流出，溪水中有许多鳟鱼藏身的背阴的水潭。所以，从许多年前开始，第一批居住者就在这里盖房挖井，搭起了自己的谷仓。 Then a strange blight crept over the area and everything began to change. Some evil spell had settled on the community: mysterious maladies swept the flocks of chickens; the cattle and sheep sickened and died. Everywhere was a shadow of death. The farmers spoke of much illness among their families. In the town the doctors had become more and more puzzled by new kinds of sickness appearing among their patients. There had been several sudden and unexplained deaths, not only among adults but even among children, who would be stricken suddenly while at play and die within a few hours. 后来，一种奇怪的摧毁力悄然袭击了这个地区，所有的一切都开始变了。某种邪恶的符咒笼罩了这个社区：神秘的疾病攻击了鸡群，牛、羊也纷纷病死，到处都有一层死亡的阴影。农夫们谈论

必修一(高一英语)unit1-2课文原文及其译文

必修一 Unit1 Anne’s Best Friend Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend. Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War Ⅱ. Her family was Jewish so nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, ”I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942. Thursday 15th June, 1944 Dear Kitty, I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds,

Unit12单元课文翻译

Unit 12 Life Is Full of t he Unexpected 生活中充满意外 In May 2001, I found a job in New York at the W orld Trade Center. On September 11, 在2001年五月，我在纽约世贸中心找到一份工作。在九月十一日 2001, I arrived at my building at around 8:30 . I was about to go up when I decided to get a 我到达我的办公楼大约在上午的八点半。我正要上楼时我决定先去买一杯coffee first. I went to my favorite coffee place e ven though it was two blocks east from my 咖啡。我去了我最喜欢的咖啡店，即使从东面出发，那里离我的办公室有两个街区。 office. As I was waiting in line with other office

workers, I heard a loud sound. Before I could 当我和其他的办公室工作人员一起排队等候时，我听到一声巨响。在我可以 join the others outside to see what was going on, the first plane had already hit my office 加入其他人到外面看发生什么事。第一架飞机已经撞上我的办公building. We stared in disbelief at the black smoke rising above the burning building. I felt 大楼我们难以置信的凝视着黑色的烟从燃烧着的大楼上升起。我感到幸运， lucky to be alive. 运为自己还活着。 Almost 10 years later, I woke up at 10:00 . on February 21,2011 and realized that my 将近年后，我在2011年二月21日早上十点钟醒来。才意识到我的

学位英语作文(带中文翻译)

My View on E-mail Electronic mail, or E-mail for short, is a new way of communication by means of computers. Fast, cheap and convenient, E-mail is so popular that it has become an indispensable means of communication. Millions of computers all over the world have been connected to form a global network, namely the Internet. You can send and receive by E-mail documents, letters and papers to anyone in other countries in no time. By using E-mail you can also store, delete, compile information. In a word, E-mail helps you overcome spatial and time limitations in communication. With the rapidly growing popularity of computers and the expansion of information highway, E-mail is expected to play a more and more important role in our lives. 我对于电子邮件的看法 电子邮件简称电邮, 是通过电脑来交流的一种新的方式. 它快速、便宜、方便、电子邮件 如此的流行以致于它已经变成了一种必不可少的交流方式. 全世界成百上千万的电脑连在一起形成了一个全球网络称做互联网. 你可以在很短时间 内把文件、信、论文通过电子邮件发给其他国家的任何一个人. 通过使用电子邮件你还可以贮存、删除和归类信息. 总之电子邮件可以帮助你克服交流上的空间和时间的限制. 随着计算机的迅速普及以及信息高速公路的扩展, 电子邮件一定会在我们的生活当中扮 演越来越重要的角色. The Disadvantage of Living in a City Tired of the city life, some city-dwellers opt for city suburbs as their residence. They are flocking there to avoid people-in the city, wherever you look, it’s people, people, people. It’s not strange for them complain about the living conditions in the city. It takes ages for a bus to get to you because the traffic on the roads has virtually come to a standstill. The subways which leave or arrive every few minutes are packed : an endless procession of human sardine tins. All the simple, good things of life like sunshine and fresh air are at a premium. Tall buildings blot out the sun. The flow of traffic goes on continuously and the noise never stops. Decades of years ago, people were crazy about crowding into the city. Now more and more people believe that only a madman would choose to live in a large modern city. 居住在城市的弊端 因为对城市生活感到厌倦. 一些住在城里面的人都渴望搬到郊区居住. 他们涌向那儿目的 是为了避开人群. 因为在城里无论你往哪儿看到处都是人. 人们抱怨城里面的居住条件是不奇怪, 由于马路上的交通几乎停滞, 公共汽车似乎要过几 年才能到达你身边. 几分钟一班的地铁装满了人. 无休止的人排队买沙丁鱼罐头. 所有简单好 的东西象阳光、新鲜的空气都成了一种奢求. 高大的建筑挡住了阳光, 交通川流不息, 噪声从不 停止. 几十年前人们疯狂的涌入城市, 现在越来越多的人认为只有疯子才会居住在现代大都市里.

全新版第二版第一册unit8课文翻译讲课教案

A fable for tomorrow (Rachel Carson) There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to live in harmony with its surroundings. The town lay in the midst of a checkerboard of prosperous farms, with fields of grain and hillsides of orchards where, in spring, white clouds of bloom drifted above the green fields. In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of color that flamed and flickered across a backdrop of pines. Then foxes barked in the hills and deer silently crossed the fields, half hidden in the mists of the fall mornings. 从前在美国中心有一个小镇，那里的万物看上去都与其四周的环境融洽相处。小镇的四周是像棋盘交错的生意盎然的农庄，还有一块块的田地和一座座遍布山坡的果园。春天来了，白色的鲜花云彩般地漂浮在田野上；秋天到了，橡树、枫树和桦树色彩斑斓，在一片松树林间火焰般地燃烧与跳跃。小山上狐狸吠叫，田野间小鹿静静地跃过，所有的一切都在秋天清晨的薄雾中半隐半现。 Along the roads, laurel, viburnum and alder, great ferns and wildflowers delighted the traveler's eye through much of the year. Even in winter the roadsides were places of beauty, where countless birds came to feed on the berries and on the seed heads of the dried weeds rising above the snow. The countryside was, in fact, famous for the abundance and variety of its bird life, and when the flood of migrants was pouring through in spring and fall people traveled from great distances to observe them. Others came to fish the streams, which flowed clear and cold out of the hills and contained shady pools where trout lay. So it had been from the days many years ago when the first settlers raised their houses, sank their wells, and built their barns. 在路的两旁，一年中许多时候，月桂树、荚莲、桤木、蕨类植物和各样的野花都能让过往的行人赏心悦目。即使是冬天，路边的景色依旧是美不胜收，那里无数的小鸟来觅取浆果莓和露在雪地上的枯枝上的种子。事实上，这乡村正是由于鸟类的数量和种类之繁多而出名的。在候鸟群潮涌而来的春秋季节，人们从大老远的地方慕名前来欣赏。还有的人来这里的小溪垂钓。清冽的溪水从山中流出，溪水中有许多鳟鱼藏身的背阴的水潭。所以，从许多年前开始，第一批居住者就在这里盖房挖井，搭起了自己的谷仓。 Then a strange blight crept over the area and everything began to change. Some evil spell had settled on the community: mysterious maladies swept the flocks of chickens; the cattle and sheep sickened and died. Everywhere was a shadow of death. The farmers spoke of much illness among their families. In the town the doctors had become more and more puzzled by new kinds of sickness appearing among their patients. There had been several sudden and unexplained deaths, not only among adults but even among children, who would be stricken suddenly while at play and die within a few hours. 后来，一种奇怪的摧毁力悄然袭击了这个地区，所有的一切都开始变了。某种邪恶的符咒笼罩了这个社区：神秘的疾病攻击了鸡群，牛、羊也纷纷病死，到处都有一层死亡的阴影。农夫们谈论着家中的许多疾病；镇上的医生也越来越因病人中出现的新的病症而感到迷惑。在成人和孩子中发生了好几起突发的不明其由的死亡，那些孩子在玩耍中突然病倒，几小时后就死去了。 There was a strange stillness. The birds, for example - where had they gone? Many people spoke of them, puzzled and disturbed. The feeding stations in the backyards were deserted. The few birds seen anywhere were moribund; they trembled violently and could not fly. It was a spring without voices. On the mornings that had once throbbed with the dawn chorus of robins, catbirds, doves, jays, wrens, and scores of other bird voices there was now no sound; only silence lay over the fields and woods and marsh 这里是一派奇怪的寂静。就说鸟儿们吧---它们都去哪儿了？许多人说起鸟儿的时候都充满了迷惑与不安。他们后院的饲养站已经没有鸟儿光顾了。随处能见到的几只鸟都奄奄一息。他们猛烈地颤抖，却飞不起来。这是一个无声的春天。曾经是震动着画眉鸟、猫鸟、鸽子、樫鸟、欧鹪和许多鸟儿的黎明合唱声的清晨如今却寂然无声。田野间、树林中和沼泽地里也是一片寂静。 On the farms the hens brooded, but no chicks hatched. The farmers complained that they were unable to raise any pigs - the litters were small and the young survived only a few days. The apple trees were coming into bloom but no bees droned among the blossoms, so there was no pollination and there would be no fruit. 在农庄，母鸡下蛋却孵不出小鸡。农夫们抱怨无法养猪，因为刚生下的猪崽太小了，小猪也只能活几天的功夫。苹果树开花了，可是没有蜜蜂在花丛中嗡嗡地采蜜，没有蜜蜂的授粉，也就没有任何果子。 The roadsides, once so attractive, were now lined with browned and withered vegetation as though swept by fire. These, too, were silent, deserted by all living things. Even the streams were now lifeless. Anglers no longer visited them,