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文学史复习大纲

文学史复习大纲
文学史复习大纲

文学史复习大纲

1,各单元练习

一、次の作品の作者は誰でしょうか。

問い答え

1?源氏物語紫式部

2?土佐日記紀貫之

3?蜻蛉日記藤原道綱母

4 奥の細道松尾芭蕉

5 おらが春小林一茶

6平家物語平清盛

7 徒然草吉田兼好

8 方丈記鴨長明

9 枕草子清少納言

二、次の言葉を聴いて、その作者と作品を話してください(4)

1、方丈記鴨長明鎌倉初期建暦二年1212随筆

行く川の流れは絶えずして、しかももとの水にあらず。よどみに浮ぶうたかたは、かつ消えかつ結びて、久しく止(とゞ)まる事なし。世の中にある人と住家(すみか)と、またかくの如し。

2 徒然草吉田兼好鎌倉時代元弘元年1331随筆

つれづれなるまゝに、日ぐらし硯に向かひて、心にうつりゆくよしなしごとをそこはかとなく書き付くれば、あやしうこそ物狂ほしけれ。

3 枕草子清少納言平安中期995~1002随筆

?最古随筆文学平安文学の双璧/随筆の双璧の一

?春は、あけぼの。やうやう白くなりゆく山ぎは、少し明りて、紫だちたる雲の、細くたなびきたる。夏は、夜。月の頃は、さらなり。闇もなほ。蛍の多く飛び違ひたる、また、ただ一つ二つなど、ほのかにうち光りて行くも、をかし。雨など降るも、をかし。秋は、夕暮。夕日のさして、山の端いと近うなりたるに、烏の、寝どころへ行くとて、三つ四つ、二つ三つなど、飛び急ぐさへ、あはれなり。まいて、雁などの列ねたるが、いと小さく見ゆるは、いとをかし。日入り果てて、風の音、虫の音など、はたいふべきにあらず。冬は、つとめて。雪の降りたるは、いふべきにもあらず。霜のいと白きも。また、さらでもいと寒きに、火など急ぎ熾して、炭もて渡るも、いとつきづきし。昼になりて、温く緩びもていけば、火桶の火も、白き灰がちになりて、わろし。

4 源氏物語紫式部平安時代中期世界に認められた古典文学の最高峰

?平安文学の双璧の一つ

いづれの御時にか、女御、更衣あまたさぶらひたまひけるなかに、いとやむごとなき際にはあらぬが、すぐれて時めきたまふありけり。

5土佐日記紀貫之935年ごろ日記文学

男もすなる日記といふものを、女もしてみむとてするなり。

6 平家物語鎌倉前期1204~1218軍記物語

祗園精舎の鐘の声、諸行無常の響きあり。娑羅双樹の花の色、盛者必衰の理をあらわす。おごれる人も久しからず、唯春の夜の夢のごとし。たけき者も遂にはほろびぬ、偏に風の前の塵に同じ。

7竹取物語作者不詳平安時代前期~中期作り物語

今は昔、竹取の翁といふ者ありけり。野山にまじりて竹を取りつつ、よろづのことに使ひけり。名をば、さぬきの造(みやつこ)となむいひける。その竹の中に、もと光る竹なむ一筋ありける。怪しがりて、寄りて見るに、筒の中光りたり。それを見れば、三寸ばかりなる人、いとうつくしうてゐたり。翁、言ふやう、「我、朝ごと夕ごとに見る竹の中におはするにて、知りぬ。子となり給ふべき人なめり。」とて、手にうち入れて、家へ持ちて来ぬ。妻の嫗に預けて養はす。うつくしきこと限りなし。いと幼ければ籠に入れて養ふ。

8 奥の細道松尾芭蕉江戸前期1694ごろ紀行

月日は百代(はくたい)の過客(くわかく)にして、行きかふ年もまた旅人なり。舟の上に生涯を浮かべ、馬の口とらへて老いを迎ふる者は、日々旅にして旅をすみかとす。古人も多く旅に死せるあり。予もいづれの年よりか、片雲(へんうん)の風に誘はれて、漂泊の思ひやまず、海浜(かいひん)にさすらへ、去年(こぞ)の秋、江上(かうしゃう)の破屋(はをく)にくもの古巣を払ひて、やや年も暮れ、春立てる霞(かすみ)のそらに、白河(しらかは)の関超えんと、そぞろ神の物につきて心を狂はせ、

9

選択

1「奢れる者久しからず、ただ春の夜の夢の如し」の下線部の「奢れる」の現代語訳は「栄華に()」だ。

A、奢れる

B、奢っている

C、奢られる

D、奢ることができる

2、「伝へ承るこそ、心も詞も及ばれね」の下線部の「及ばれね」の現代語訳は()だ。

A、及ばれた

B、及ばれてしまう

C、およばない

D、及ぶことはない

3、「ひさかたの光のどけき春の日にしづ心なく花の散るらむ」の下線部の「散るらむ」の現代語訳は()だ。

A、散って行くのだろうか

B、散るだろう

C、散るらしい

D、散られるだろう

4、「天下の乱れん事をも悟らずして」、の下線部の「乱れん」の現代語訳は()だ。

A、乱れない

B、乱れぬ

C、乱れた

D、乱れようとする

5、「死なば一所で死なん。」の現代語訳は()だ。

A、死にたくても同じ所で死なない

B、死ぬのなら一緒に死にたくない

C、死ぬのなら同じ所で死のう

D、同じ所で死ぬために一緒に死ぬ

6、()と「日本書紀」に収められている古代歌謡を「記紀歌謡」と称している。

A、「古事記」

B、「風土記」

C、「日本後記」

D、「万葉代匠記」

7、十七世紀から盛んになった日本の代表的な庶民演劇は()である。

A、歌舞伎

B、浄瑠璃

C、狂言

D、能

8、「傍らなる高き木の枝にいぬ」の現代語訳は()だ。

A、そばにある高い木に止まった

B、そばにある高い木に止らなかった

C、そばで鳴る高い木に止まった

D、そばで鳴る高い木に止まらない

9、「心を修めて道を行はむとなり」の現代語訳は()だ。

A、精神を修養して、仏道を修行するためとなる。

B、精神を修養して、仏道を修行したためである。

C、精神を修養して、仏道を修行しようとするためである。

D、精神を修養して、仏道を修行しようとすることとなる。

10、「人にまじるに及ばねば、薪をとりて世を過ぐるほどに山に行きぬ。」の下線の「人に

まじるに及ばねば」の現代語訳は()だ。

A、人との付き合いもできなければ

B、人との付き合いもできないので

C、人との付き合いもできれば

D、人との付き合いもできるので

11、「男はこの女をこそ得めと思ふ」の現代語訳は、()である。

A、男はこの女をこそもらわないと思う

B、男はこの女をこそもらいたいと思う

C、男はこの女をこそもらいたいなさいと思う

D、男はこの女をこそもらおうと思う

12、「秋つ方、おみな死ぬ」の現代語訳は()である。

A、秋の時、女の人は死んだ

B、秋のころ、女の人が死ぬかもしれない

C、秋のころ、老女が死んだ

D、秋のころ、年取った人が死んでもいい

13、短歌は普通( )の五句31音の定型からなる日本独自の短詩型文芸である。

A、75775

B、77557

C、57577

D、55777

14、「徒然草」は()が書いた随筆である。

A、吉田兼好

B、清少納言

C、鴨長明

D、紫式部

15、「好色五人女」は()によって書かれた小説である。

A、樋口一葉

B、曲亭馬琴

C、上田秋成

D、井原西鶴

16、万葉集は八世紀後半のころに、(大伴家持)によって古代の歌を広く集めて編集さ

れた和歌集であり、歌の分類は巻十六までは、(相聞)、(挽歌)、(譬喩歌)、(雑歌)に分けられる。

17、『枕草子』には「にくきもの」というのがあるが、意味は(不快なもの)である。

18、『方丈記』の冒頭に「淀みに浮かぶうたかたは、かつ消え、かつ結びて、久しくとどまりたるためしなし」という句が書いてあるが、うたかたの意味は(水面に浮かんだ泡或泡、)で、普通(はかない人生)の喩えと理解されている。

19、(額田王)は万葉集初期の女流歌人、『万葉集』の代表的な女流歌人の一人で、力

強い情感豊かな歌を詠んだ。

文学史

中国现代文学史(上)复习提纲 一、名词解释 1.文学研究会1921 年 1 月成立于北京。主要发起人有周作人、沈雁冰、郑振铎、叶绍钧等文学研究会12 人。会刊有《小说月报》、《文学旬刊》、《诗》月刊等。宗旨是研究介绍世界文学,整理中国旧文学,创造新文学。主张为人生。在这个社团的倡导下,产生了“人生派”文学。 2.创造社1921 年7 月成立于日本东京。主要成员以1925 年为界分为两列,前期有郭沫若、创造社郁达夫、成仿吾、田汉、张资平,主张“表现内心要求”,“为艺术而艺术”等,是浪漫主义文学的倡导者,会刊有《创造》系列刊物、《洪水》等;后期有冯乃超、李初梨等人,倡导无产阶级革命文学。 3.新月社新月派新月派是五四以来最大的以探索新诗理论与新诗创作为主的文学社团。新月社/新月派新月社1923 年由徐志摩成立于北京,主要成员有胡适、徐志摩、闻一多、梁实秋等。他们以《晨报副刊》为阵地,后又创办《诗刊》、《新月》等刊物。1926 年 4 月闻一多、徐志摩在北京《晨报副刊》上创办《诗镌》,明确提出现代新格律诗的理论主张,即新诗的“三美”主张。它在一定程度上克服并纠正了五四以来白话新诗过于松散、随意等不足,对中国现代新诗的健康发展做出了特有的贡献。1928 年,徐志摩在上海创办《新月》杂志,标志进入后期新月派。 4.学衡派得名于1922 年1 月在南京创办的《学衡》月刊,主要成员有东南大学的梅光迪、学衡派胡先骕、吴宓等,他们既是欧美留学生,又是大学教授。他们以《学衡》为阵地,打着“学贯中西”旗号,提倡尊孔读经、复古倒退,攻击新文化运动、文学革命和开始在中国传播的马列主义。但是《学衡》杂志也在文化研究、美学研究上做出了杰出的贡献。1933 年,《学衡》停刊。 5.鸳蝴派鸳鸯蝴蝶-礼拜六派始于20 世纪初,盛行于民国初年(1912—1917)。得名于19 鸳蝴派世纪晚清小说《花月痕》中的诗句:“卅六鸳鸯同命鸟,一双蝴蝶可怜虫”。其成员大多是明末南社成员的后继者,写作内容主要是言情、武侠、黑幕。刊物《礼拜六》。代表作家有包天笑、徐枕亚、周瘦鹃等。主张小说是“游戏”、“ 消遣”的工具。 6.独语体独语体散文采用“自言自语”的形式,不需要听众和读者,甚至直接排斥读者或者独语体和读者之间形成紧张关系,从而使独语的内容直接逼视自我和灵魂并捕捉到自我微妙的感觉、情绪、心理、意识和哲学思考。 7.闲话风闲话风“闲话风”散文指作者和读者处于平等的地位,在亲切和谐的环境中谈天说地。“闲闲话风话风”散文的价值在于否定了“五四”时期盛行的“布道式讲演”类的启蒙散文。在超越的程度上,“闲话风”散文追求的是作者与读者的精神交流,而不是简单的讲述。它通过与读者在内心层面上的交流使读者在聆听中自然产生联想、共鸣甚至诘难,从而完成精神交流的过程。 8.乡土文学乡土写实派20 世纪20 年代,乡土文学/乡土写实派现代文坛上出现了一批比较接近农村的年轻作家,乡土文学他们的创作较多受到鲁迅影响,以农村生活为题材,以农民疾苦为主要内容,形成所谓“乡土文学”。代表作家有彭家煌、鲁彦、许杰、许钦文、王任叔、台静农等。乡土文学是在“为人生”文学主张的影响和发展下出现的,这些寓居于京沪大都市的游子,目击现代文明与宗法农村的差异,在鲁迅“改造国民性”思想的启迪下,带着对童年和故乡的回忆,用隐含着乡愁的笔触,将“乡间的死生、泥土的气息,移在纸上”,显示了鲜明的地方色彩,从总体上呈现出比较自觉而可贵的民族化的追求,开创了现代文学史上堪称一大创作潮流的风气。代表作有彭家煌《怂恿》、王任叔《疲惫者》、许钦文《疯妇》、台静农《地之子》等。 9.主情主情主义由郭沫若提出,主情主义小说从理论到实践都强调小说的主观性和抒情

美国文学史复习提纲

I. Explain the following literary terms. 1. Romanticism The most profound and comprehensive idea of romanticism is the vision of a greater personal freedom for the individual. Appeals to imagination; Stress on emotion rather than reason; optimism, geniality. Subjectivity: in form and meaning. 2 American transcendentalism American transcendentalism was an important movement in philosophy and literature that flourished during the early to middle years of the nineteenth century (about 1836-1860). For the transcendentalists, the soul of each individual is identical with the soul of the world and contains what the world contains. 3 Realism: ―nothing more and nothing less than the truthful treatment of material.‖ the Civil war a. verisimilitude of details derived from observation b. representative in plot, setting and character c. an objective rather than an idealized view of human experience 4. Modernism like modernism in general is a trend of thought that affirms the power of human beings to create, improve, and reshape their environment, with the aid of scientific knowledge, technology and practical experimentation, and is thus in its essence both progressive and optimistic. The general term covers many political, cultural and artistic movements rooted in the changes in Western society at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth century. American modernism is an artistic and cultural movement in the United States starting at the turn of the 20th century with its core period between World War I and World War II and continuing into the 21st century. II. Questions and Answers. Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English. 1. What is local color? an amalgam of romantic plots and realistic descriptions of things immediately observable: the dialects, customs, sights, and sounds of regional America‖ 2. What is American Puritanism 1). Total Depravity - the concept of Original Si 2). Unconditional Election - the concept of predestination 3). Limited Atonement - Jesus died for the chosen only, not for everyone. 4). Irresistible Grace - God's grace is freely given, it cannot be earned or denied. 5). Perseverance of the "saints" - those elected by God have full power to interpret the will of God, and to live uprightly. If anyone rejects grace after feeling its power in his life, he will be going against the will of God. 3. Analyze Benjamin Franklin’s Autobiography. themes in autobiography: Self- Improvement Mind: Self-education Body: Physical Activity Behavior: Moral Perfection Religion: The best service to God is to be good to man Benjamin Franklin and aspects of The American Dream Rags to Riches: Impotence to Importance: A Philosophy of Individualism: Freewill vs. Determinism: Hope and Optimism:

(完整)英国文学史及选读__期末试题及答案,推荐文档

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