石油馏分中酸性物质的组成分析
CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS 2016年第35卷第4期·1074·
化工进展
石油馏分中酸性物质的组成分析
肖丽霞，吕涯
（华东理工大学石油加工研究所，上海 200237）
摘要：针对某炼厂酮苯脱蜡装置原料油（减三线）中酸性物质组成特殊（对装置产生严重的腐蚀）的情况，采用碱醇法提取其中的酸性物质，借助负离子电喷雾-傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱（negative-ion ESI FT-ICR MS）研究其酸性组分的组成及分布，并与工业级脱脂环酸进行比较，从分子层面上揭示了其特殊之处。Negative-ion ESI FT-ICR MS结果表明，减三线酸性化合物主要的特点为O2类化合物中脂肪酸（Z=0）占明显优势，缩合度较大的Z=?8和Z=?10的O2类化合物中有些碳数的物质相对丰度也比较大，碳数分布有两个中心；O1类杂原子化合物的相对丰度仅次于O2类化合物，且大大高出其他类杂原子化合物，O1类化合物中，烷基酚类化合物占绝对优势。减三线酸性化合物的特殊组成将对进一步探究腐蚀机理和寻求解决设备腐蚀的途径有重要的指导意义。
关键词：石油馏分；腐蚀；酸性物质；负离子电喷雾-傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱；组成
中图分类号：TE 622 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000–6613（2016）04–1074–07
DOI：10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2016.04.017
Composition of acidic compounds in petroleum fraction
XIAO Lixia，Lü Ya
（Institute of Petroleum Processing，East China University of Science and Technology，Shanghai 200237，China）Abstract：The acidic compounds in the feedstock of a refinery(vacuum cut 3) made devices corroded seriously，so the composition and distribution of the acidic compounds were analyzed by negative-ion electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectroscopy (negative-ion ESI FT-ICR MS). The acid fraction was extracted by alkaline-ethanol extraction prior to analysis，and compared with the industrial-grade naphthenic acids. The specialty of the acidic compounds in the feedstock of the refinery was explained from the molecular level. Negative-ion ESI FT-ICR MS revealed that the O2 class of the extracted acid fraction in the feedstock was dominated by acyclic carboxylic acids (belong to Z=0 family)，and those had higher relative abundance of some compounds belonged to Z=?8 and ?10 families of the O2 class，which leads the carbon number distribution curve has two peaks. The relative abundance of O1 class was much higher than that of other classes except for O2 class. The O1 class was dominated by alkylphenols. The special composition and distribution of acidic compounds has an important guiding significance to study the mechanism of corrosion and seek treatments for equipment corrosion.
Key words：petroleum fractions；corrosion；acidic species；negative-ion electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectroscopy（negative-ion ESI-FT-ICR MS）；composition
随着石油资源的不断消耗，含酸或高酸原油的处理量越来越大，对石油加工过程产生很多影响，例如加工时引起装置严重腐蚀、影响产品质量等[1-2]，深入研究石油及馏分中的酸性物质成为石油化学研究的热点之一。本文作者课题组的工作[3]对
收稿日期：2015-08-10；修改稿日期：2015-10-31。
第一作者：肖丽霞（1991—），女，硕士研究生。联系人：吕涯，副教授，硕士生导师，主要从事石油产品品质优化、石油产品添加剂研发。E-mail ylv@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e57455555.html,。