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英语八类状语从句的用法归纳

英语八类状语从句的用法归纳
英语八类状语从句的用法归纳

英语八类状语从句的用法归纳

一、概说

状语从句即指在主从复合句用作状语的从句。按照其意义,状语从句可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等。状语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点,也是历年高考重点考查的内容之一。学习状语从句主要应注意引导状语从句的从属连词的用法与区别,以及从属连词在一定的语言环境中的意义与用法。

二、时间状语从句

1.引导时间状语从句的从属连词很多,常见的有before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, as soon as 等。

2.表示“当…时候”的 while, when, as 的用法区别是:while 从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词;表示带有规律性的“每当”或当主、从句谓语动词的动作发生有先后时,只能用 when;当表示“一边…一边…”或“随着”时,只能用 as。另外,用于此义的 as 所引导的时间状语从句谓语只能是动作动词,不能是状态动词。如下面一道高考题的答案是 B 而不能是A:

“I’m going to the post office.” “_____ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?”

A. As

B. While

C. Because

D. If

3. until 在肯定句中通常只连用延续性动词,表示相应动作结束的时间;在否定句中通常连用非延续性动词,表示相应动作开始的时间,意为“直到…才”。如:

He waited until she was about to leave. 他等着一直到她准备离开。

I did not begin to work till he had gone. 他走了后我才开始工作。

4.表示“一…就”除用 as soon as 外,还可用 the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, no sooner…than, hardly…when等。如:

I came immediately you called. 你一来电话我就来了。Hardly had she arrived when it began to snow. 她刚到就下起雪来了。

The moment I have finished I'll give you a call. 我一干完就给你打电话。

5. every time, each time, (the) next time, (the) last time, by the time, the first time, any time 等以 time 结尾的词语也可用作连词,引导时间状语从句。如:

Next time you come in, please close the door. 下次你进来,请关门。

He didn’t tell me anything the last time I saw him.上次我见到

他时他什么也没告诉我。

By the time I got home, she had already gone to bed. 我到家时她已睡觉了。

三、条件状语从句

1.引导条件状语从句的从属连词主要有 if, unless, as [so] long as等。如:

Don’t come unless I telephone.除非我打电话,否则你别来。If you watch carefully you will see how to do it. 如果你仔细瞧你会看出该怎样做。

As long as you do your best, we’ll be happy.只要你尽力,我们就满意了。

2. in case 也可引导条件状语从句,其意为“如果”、“万一”。如:

In case I forget, please remind me about it. 如果我忘了,请提醒我。

四、让步状语从句

1.引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有 although, though, however (=no matter how), even if(即使), whether…or(不论…还是)等连词。如:

The speech is good, though it could be better. 这次演讲不错,虽然还可以再好一点。

He went out even though it was raining. 尽管下雨,他还是出去

了。

2. as 也可引导让步状语从句,但要将名词、形容词或副词等提到 as 前,若提前的是单数可数名词,要省略 a / an。如:Teacher a s he is, he can’t know everything.虽然是老师,他也不可能什么都懂。

3.连词 while 有时也可表示“尽管”、“虽然”,引导让步状语从句。如:

While we don’t agree we continue to be friends.尽管我们意见不同,我们还是朋友。

4. whatever, whoever, however, whenever, wherever 等引导让步状语从句。如:

Don’t lose heart whatever you do.不管你做什么,都不要灰心。Whoever you are, you can’t pass this way.不管你是谁,你都不能从这里通过。

注:表示“虽然”的 though, although 不可与 but 连用,但可与 yet, still 连用。

五、原因状语从句

1.引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that)等:

They can’t have gone out because the light’s on.他们不可能出去了,因为灯还亮着。

Since you are going, I will go. 既然你去,我也去。

Now that we are alone, we can speak freely. 现在我们单独在一起,可以随便谈了。

2.除以上提到的大家比较熟悉的引导原因状语从句的从属连词外,when有时也可引导原因状语从句,其意“既然”。如:

I can’t tell you when you won't listen.既然你不想听,我就不告诉你了。

3.有关原因状语从句还应注意以下几点:

(1) as 与 since, now that 一样表示双方都知道的原因,通常位于主句前,且均不可用于强调结构被强调。

(2) 当表示直接的因果关系,回答 why 时,或有 only, just, all, partly, not, but 等副词修饰时,或用在强调结构中都只能用 because。

(3) for 有时也可引出表示原因的分句,但它只能位于后面,对前一分句加以解释或推断。

(4) 不要受汉语意思影响将表示“因为”的连词与表示“所以”的 so 连用。

六、地点状语从句

引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要有where (在…的地方), wherever(无论什么地方), everywhere(每个…地方), anywhere(任何…地方)。如:

I’m not living where I was.我不在原处住了。

You can’t camp where [wherever, anywhere] you like these days. 如今你可不能随便在哪儿宿营。

Everywhere I go, I find the same thing. 不管我走到哪里,我都发现同样情况。

2.有的同学认为地点状语从句在平时见得不多,误认为考试不会涉及,但恰恰相反,地点状语从句却是英语考试经常考查的一个知识点。请看以下考题:

(1) When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.

A. at which

B. at where

C. the place where

D. where

(2) After the war, a new school building was put up _____ there had once been a theatre.

A. that

B. where

C. which

D. when

(3) You should make it a rule to leave things _____ you can find them again.

A. when

B. where

C. then

D. there

(4) She found her calculator ______ she lost it.

A. where

B. when

C. in which

D. that

以上四题均选where,其意为“在…的地方”,用以引导地点状语从句。

七、目的状语从句

1.引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有 in order that, so that,

in case, for fear等。如:

I hired a boat so that I could go fishing. 我租了一条船去钓鱼。Take your coat in case it rains (should rain). 带着雨衣以防下雨。

He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam. 他努力学习,是为了能通过考试。

2.引导目的状语从句的 so that 有时可省so 或 that,即单独用 so 或 that 来引导目的状语从句。如:

Check carefully, so any mistake will be caught. 仔细检查,以便任何错误都可检查出。

Bring it closer that I might see it better. 拿近些,使我能看得清楚些。

八、结果状语从句

引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有so that, so…that, such…that等。如:

He was so angry that he couldn't speak. 他气得话都说不出来。He shut the window with such force that the glass broke. 他关窗子用力很大,结果玻璃震破了。

注:so…that和such…that中的that有时(尤其在口语中)可省略。

九.状语从句的省略问题

时间、地点、条件、让步、方式状语从句等的主语与主句主语相同时,有时可用省略形式。如:

He fell asleep while (he was) doing his homework. 他在做着功课时睡著了。

Fill in a proper preposition where (it is) necessary. 在需要的地方填上适当的介词。

He will come if (he is) asked. 如果请他来,他会来的。

He won’t come unless (he is) invited.他不会来,除非邀请他。If (it is) necessary, ring me at home. 如果必要,可以打电话到我家找我。

He is better, though (he is) not yet cured. 他好一点了, 虽仍未痊愈。

It usually happens as (it is) described above. 情况通常就像上面描述的那样发生了。

He glanced about as if (he was) in search of something. 他向周围望了一眼,仿佛在找寻什么。

He cleared his throat as if (he was) to say something. 他清了

清嗓子,像要说什么似的。

十.状语从句常用引导词归纳

引导状语从句的词语叫从属连词。不同作用的状语从句通常由不同的从属连词来引导。如:

1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词主要有when, while, as, whenever, before, after, since, until, till, as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, once等。

2. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词主要有if, unless, as [so] long as, in case 等。

3. 引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有 in order that, so that, in case, for fear等。

4. 引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有so that, so…that, such…that等。

5. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that), considering (that) 等。

6. 引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有although, though, even though, even if, while, however, whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever等。

7. 引导方式状语从句的从属连词主要有as, like, as if, as

though, the way等。

8. 引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要有where, wherever, everywhere等。

9. 引导比较状语从句的从属连词主要有than和as…as。

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英步状从句用法(一) 步状从句的用法一(表示“ 然,即使,尽管”) 1. although ,though ,even though ,even if 都表示“ 然,即使,尽管”之意,though和although 气弱(其中的though 比although 通俗 , 不如 although正式),even if和even though 有 意味而得气更。例如: Although they are poor, they are happy. 然他很,但很快。天气然很冷, 但他没有穿大衣就出去了。即使他可能不会成功,但他仍努力。那篇文 章然很短,但很重要。他好一点了,仍未痊愈。即使下雨,她也是走着去工作的。今晚我将去拜 他,即使我只能停留一小会儿。 注意: though引的步状从句的用法比特殊,它可以倒装,也可以不倒装,具体用 法参 as 引步状从句的用法。 2. as 引步状从句表示“ 然、即使、尽管”,其引的步状从句必采用倒装构, as 引的倒装形式的步状从句的基本构:形容/ 副 / 名 (数可数名前一般 不冠,有也可数可数名前形容与不定冠用、形容放在不定冠前)// 去分+ as+主+的其他部分。注意体会下列典型例句:Great as the author was, he proved a bad model.位作者尽管了不起,到来却成了一个坏榜。真的。然他很富有,但他并不幸福。倒装要省去个名前的冠个故事看似荒唐,却是)尽管是个孩子,他却 能分辨黑白。他尽管勇敢,可到蛇是抖。尽管很重,他仍然十分。然尽了最大努力,但是他仍 然不能搬那石。 [考1] We had to wait half an hour ____ we had already booked a table. A. since B. although C. until D. before [答案] B [解析]下划之后所述的“我已了一桌”与前面所述的“我已不得不等了半个小”之意相反,四个中although 表示“即便??”,引步状从句最合适。 [考 2] ____ most of the earth’s surface is coveredby water, fresh water is very rare and precious. A. As B. Once C. If D. Although [答案] D [解析]句意:然地球表面覆盖着水,但是水仍然很稀有、珍。下划引 步状从句,填入although 最合适。 [考 3] ____ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience. A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although [答案] D [解析]下划引步状从句,填入although 最合适。 [考 4] Although he is considered a great writer, ____. A. his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely read C. however his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read [答案] A [解析]英不允在although 、 though 引的步状从句之后的主句句首重复使用,如果要在复合句中某种特的意,可以在主句的句首加上yet 、 still 等副。例如: Although she has a lot of money, (yet/still) she is not happy. 然她很有,但是她并不快。

英语让步状语从句用法总结

英语让步状语从句用法总结(一) 让步状语从句的用法一(表示“虽然,即使,尽管”) 1. although,though,even though,even if都表示“虽然,即使,尽管”之意,though 和although 语气较弱(其中的though 比although 通俗, 不如although 正式),even if和even though 带有强调意味而显得语气更强。例如:Although they are poor, they are happy. 虽然他们很穷,但很快乐。天气虽然很冷, 但他没有穿大衣就出去了。即使他们可能不会成功,但他们仍努力尝试。那篇文章虽然很短,但很重要。他好一点了,虽仍未痊愈。即使下雨,她也是走着去工作的。今晚我将去拜访他,即使我只能停留一小会儿。 注意:though 引导的让步状语从句的用法比较特殊,它可以倒装,也可以不倒装,具体用法参见as引导让步状语从句的用法。 2. as引导让步状语从句表示“虽然、即使、尽管”,其引导的让步状语从句必须采用倒装结构,as引导的倒装形式的让步状语从句的基本结构为:形容词/副词/名词(单数可数名词前一般不带冠词,有时也可见单数可数名词前形容词与不定冠词连用、形容词放在不定冠词前)/动词/过去分词+as+主语+谓语的其他部分。注意体会下列典型例句:Great as the author was, he proved a bad model. 这位作者尽管了不起,到头来却成了一个坏榜样。这个故事看似荒唐,却是真的。虽然他很富有,但他并不幸福。倒装时要省去单个名词前的冠词)尽管还是个孩子,他却能分辨黑白。他尽管勇敢,可见到蛇还是发抖。尽管伤势很重,他仍然十分乐观。虽然尽了最大努力,但是他仍然不能搬动那块石头。 [考题1]We had to wait half an hour ____ we had already booked a table. A. since B. although C. until D. before [答案]B [解析]下划线处之后所述的“我们已经预订了一桌”与前面所述的“我们已经不得不等了半个小时”之间语意相反,四个选项中although表示“即便……”,引导让步状语从句最为合适。 [考题2]____ most of the earth’s surface is covered by water, fresh water is very rare and precious. A. As B. Once C. If D. Although [答案]D [解析]句意为:虽然地球表面覆盖着水,但是纯净水仍然很稀有、珍贵。下划线处应引导让步状语从句,填入although最为合适。 [考题3]____ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience. A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Although [答案]D [解析]下划线处应引导让步状语从句,填入although最为合适。 [考题4]Although he is considered a great writer, ____. A. his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely read C. however his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read [答案]A [解析]英语不允许在连词although、though引导的让步状语从句之后的主句句首重复使用连词,如果要在复合句中强调某种特别的意义,可以在主句的句首加上yet、still等副词。例如:Although she has a lot of money, (yet/still) she is not happy. 虽然她很有钱,但是她并不快乐。

语法讲解 时间状语从句的用法解析及练习

语法讲解时间状语从句的用法解析及练习 状语从句在复合句中作状语,其位置较灵活,可以在主句之前、之后或中间(放在句首时状语从句后面常用逗号,放在句末时状语从句前面往往不用逗号)。根据状语从句的含义,状语从句主要分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、方式状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等八种。掌握以上各种状语从句的关键在于把握其相应的引导词。以下是对时间状语从句的基本用法进行小结,希望可以帮助到同学们有一更深的理解。 时间状语从句的引导词 when, before, after, as, while, till/until, since,whenever 时间状语从句的用法 时间状语从句的引导词所表示的意思不尽相同,要注意把握不同的时间状语从句的引导词所表示的不同时间关系,以及它在具体句子中对应的对应时态、语态等问题。 1. when、as、while引导的时间状语从句分析: (1) when引导时间状语从句时表示“当……的时候”,when既可以指时间段也可指时间点,从句中既可用延续性动词又可用非延续性动词,且动作既可和主句的动作同时发生又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生。 注意体会如下例句:I’ll call you when I get there. 我一到那里就给你打电话。// When the wind blows, all the doors rattle. 只要风一吹,这门就吱嘎作响。// He stopped trying, when he might have succeeded next time. 他不再试了,其实他可能下一次就成功。// When I came home my wife was cooking dinner. 我回家时,妻子在做晚饭。 如果when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同,而从句的谓语又是be动词时,那么从句中的主语和be可以省略;当when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时,往往还可以用“when+分词”的形式替代该状语从句。例如:When (you are) in trouble, ask her for help. 当你遭遇麻烦的时候去向她求助。// When I came into the room (=When coming into the room), I found him lying there asleep. 当我进入房间的时候,我发现他躺在那儿睡着了。 (2) while引导时间状语从句时表示“当……的时候”,它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时持续地进行,用于这一用法时while引导的时间状语从句和主句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词,或者主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行过程中,主句中的谓语动词通常是非延续性动词,例如:Study while you study; play while you play. 该学习的时候就学习,该玩的时候就玩。// I met her while I was at school. 当我在学校的时候我遇见了她。 (3) as引导时间状语从句时表示“当……时,一边……一边……”,侧重表示两个动作同时发生(包括一个主语同时进行两个动作),或者一种动作随着另一种动作的变化而变化。例如:He jumps as he goes along. 他边走边跳。// I slipped on the ice as I ran home. 我跑回家时在冰上滑了一跤。// I saw him as he was getting off the bus. 正当他下公共汽车时, 我看见了他。// As the wind rose the noise increased. 刮风的时候噪声增大。

As引导让步状语从句倒装的用法-高一英语

As引导让步状语从句倒装的用法 为了帮助同学们全面掌握让步状语从句的倒装用法,本文将这类语法现象归纳为以下五种句型: 一、名词+ as / though + 主语+ 动词 King as he was,he was unhappy. 他虽是国王,但他并不幸福。 Child as he is,he knows to help other. 他虽是个孩子,却知道帮助别人。 【说明】其中的动词通常为连系动词,也就是说位于句首的名词是其后连系动词的表语。另外,要特别注意位于句首的名词前习惯上不用冠词,即使其前有形容词修饰也不用冠词。比较: Boy as [though]he is,he likes to play with girls.=Though he is a boy,he likes to play with girls. 他虽是男孩,却喜欢与女孩子玩。 Strong man as [though]he is,General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks.= Though he is a strong man,General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks. 波赛将军虽然坚强,但在过去的数周里也受到了严峻的考验。 二、形容词+ as / though + 主语+ 动词 Successful as he is,he is not proud. 他虽然成功,但不骄傲。 Improbable as it seems,it’s true. 虽然看起来不太可能,但却是真的。 Stupid as it sounds,I was so in love with her that I believed her. 尽管听起来很愚蠢,我是如此爱她竟然相信了她的话。 Patient as he was,he didn’t like waiting that long. 他虽说有耐心,也不愿等这么长。 Beautiful though the necklace was,we thought it was over-priced. 那条项链虽然很漂亮,我们认为价钱太高。 【说明】其中的动词也通常为连系动词,也就是说位于句首的形容词是其后连系动词的表语。 三、副词+ as / though + 主语+ 动词 Much as I like Paris,I couldn’t live there. 尽管我喜欢巴黎,但我不能住在那里。 Hard though they tried,they couldn’t make her change her mind. 尽管他们做了很大努力,却没法让她改变主意。 Fast as you read,you can’t finish the book in two days. 尽管你读得很快,你总不能在两天之内就读完这本书。 四、动词原形+ as / though + 主语+ 动词 Object as you may,I’ll go.纵使你反对,我也要去。 Try as he might,he couldn’t solve the problem. 尽管他想方设法,却未解决这个问题。 Search as they would,they would find nobody in the house. 无论怎样搜查,他们在房子里仍然没有找到一个人。 Dislike him as we may,we must acknowledge his greatness. 尽管我们不喜欢他,但必须承认他的伟大。 Lose money as I did,we got a lot of experience. 钱虽然丢了,我们却得到了许多经验。 Fail in the election as he did,he became famous for his fiery speech against slavery. 尽管落选了,但他却以其反对奴隶制的激烈演说而出了名。 【说明】主语后的动词通常为may,might,would,did 等情态动词或助动词(若表示

英语六大从句用法总结

英语中六大从句用法总结 从句是指用于复合句中担当某个句子成分的主谓结构。虽说从句自身的句子结构是完整的,但是它不能视为独立的句子,因为它离开了主语就无法独立、完整地表达意思。按其所能表达的意义而言,它相当于一个词或是一个词组. 按从句的句子功能划分(也就是按从句在句子中所担任的成分来划分),从句可分为:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句。 1.主语从句 1)主语从句可直接位于主语的位置,如果从句较长,谓语又较短,可用it作形式主语,而将从句放在句末。常见的句型有: *It is a fact\a pity\a question\good news that... *It seems\appears\happened\has turned out that... *It is clear\important\likely\possible that... *It is said\reported\estimated\has been proved that... It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same generation. It seems that the performance is very useful. 2)what引导的主语从句表示“...的东西时”,一般不用it作形式主语。 What we lack is experience. 3)what,who,when,why,whether等词含有各自的疑问意义,但它们引导的主语从句,都用陈述语序。 How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again. I did know why I felt like crying. 2.宾语从句 1)宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从句。in that(因为),except that(除了),but that(只是)已构成固定搭配,其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。 *I promised that I would change the situation. *All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship. *He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children. *This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long. 2)宾语从句后如有宾补,要用形式宾语it来代替,而把宾语从句移至宾补之后。 He has made it clear that he would not change his mind. 3)在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词后的宾语从句中,如果谓语是否定的,一般将否定词移至主句谓语上,宾语从句则变成肯定形式。 He didn't think that the money was well spent. 3.表语从句 表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引导外,还可由because,as if(though)等引导。that常可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句,不可用because.

(完整版)where引导的地点状语从句用法总结归纳

where引导的地点状语从句用法总结归纳 1、where 在地点状语从句中,除指地点外,还可指处境等。 eg. I'm unsatisfied with where I live. 我对自己住的地方特不 满意。 2、有时地点状语从句中的某些词能够省略。 eg. Fill in the blanks with the given phrases. Change the form where necessary. 用所给的短语填空,必要的地方能够改变其 形式。 3、地点状语从句一般置于主句之后。 eg. Keep it where you can see it. 把它放在你看得见的地方。 4、where一般表示一个确定的但非特指的地点。 eg. The school was built where there had once been a cemetery. 学校建在一座墓园的旧址。 5、wherever, anywhere 和 everywhere 表示“任何地方”。 eg. No matter where you now are in writing, you can improve with practice. 不管你在写作上你处于什么水平,练习都能帮你提升。 6、where引导定语从句时,从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词;而状语从句前则无需先行词。 eg. Go back where you came from.你从何处来到何处去。(where引导地点状语从句) Go back to the country where you came from.你从哪个国家来了 就回哪去。(where引导定语从句,修饰place)

让步状语从句用法归纳

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