上海中学高三英语周测试卷

上海中学高三英语周测试卷

Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A (10%）

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper II, blankfilling (10%) form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Catherine Elizabeth Middleton grew up in Chapel Row, a village near Newbury, Berkshire, England. She studied art history in Scotland at University of St. Andrews, 21. she met with William in 2001. their engagement was announced on 16th, Nov, 2010, and she attended many high profile royal events before they married on 29,Apr. 2011 at Westminster Abbey.

Since she 22. (catch) the eye of Britain’s Prince William, Kate Middleton has been on the entire world’s fashion radar. The “Kate Middleton Effect” is a term that 23. (coin) lately because when the Duchess of Cambridge wears 24. , it’s pretty much guaranteed it will fly off the shelves. Every designer she supports has seen a sharp increase in sales, and many women believe that 25. Kate wears it, it is the item to own. For example, when Middleton, stepped out 26. a＄340 camel-colored dress from Resis to greet President Obama and the first lady in May, traffic on the Reiss website rose by 200% and the dress quickly was sold out.

Well, the Duchess’ influence is striking again: and this time it is reducing the size of handbags. Kate rarely carries a bag that she wouldn’t be able to hold with one hand, and is clearly a supporter of a gorgeous clutch. As a result, Lulu Guinness is seriously considering 27. (reduce) the size of handbags in the next collections. “personally, I’m making my clutch bags smaller next season 28. they can look more delicate and ladylike, and that is to do with her, I think ” Guinness told the Telegraph. She joked that 29. this makes bags less practical, design doesn’t always have to succumb to practically. It is true, the Duchess 30. not need to carry around as many things as the rest of us, but she surely will have women across the world trying to cram everything into their new bags.

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

The fortunate people in the world—the only really fortunate people in the world, in my mind, — are those whose work is also their pleasure. The class is not a large one, not nearly so large as it is often presented to be; and authors are perhaps one of the most important elements in its 31 . They enjoy in this respect at least a real harmony of life. To my mind, to be able to make your work your pleasure is the one class distinction in the world 32 striving for; and I do not 33 that others are tend to envy those happy human beings who find their livelihood in the gay effusions(流露) of their fancy, to whom every hour of labor is an hour of enjoyment, and even a holiday is almost 34 of that enjoyment. Whether a man writes well or ill, has much to say or little, if he cares about writing at all, he will 35 the pleasures of composition.

To sit at one’s table on a sunny morning, with four clear hours of 36 security, plenty of nice white paper, and a Squeezer pen—that is true happiness. With the complete absorption of the mind upon a/an 37 occupation—what more is there than that to desire? What does it matter what happens outside? The House of Commons（下议院）may do what it likes, and so may the House of Lords. The bottom may be knocked clean out of the American market. The heathen（异教徒）may show violent anger in every part of the globe. Never mind, for four hours, at any rate, we will 38 ourselves from a common, ill-governed, and 39 world, and with the key of fancy 40 that cupboard where all the good things of the infinite are put away.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A （15 %）

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. A worldwide poll of more than 100 million people has selected what it calls the new Seven

Wonders of the World．The online poll picked:

- the Roman Coliseum

- the Taj Mahal

A. uninterruptible

B. worth

C. appreciate

D. composition

E. supposedly AB. disorderly AC. wonder AD. withdraw AE. agreeable BC. unlock BD. deprivation

- the Great Wall of China

- Machu Picchu in Peru

- the Petra archaeological site in Jordan

- the massive Christ the Redeemer sculpture in Brazil

- the Great Pyramid of Giza

The new wonders are expected to boost tourism to some popular destinations, but it is also prompting some serious rethinking on the __56__ of tourists．VOA’s Mil Arcega reports.

Of the __57__ seven wonders of the world, only the Pyramids of Giza are still standing. But the organizers of the New Seven Wonders say there is __58__ shortage of wonders in the world．Tia Viering is communications chief for the Zurich-based committee. “A wonder, we have been known to say in the past, is what makes you __59__,” says Viering. “It makes you __60__ and it takes your breath away for a second and you think 'Oh wow! Why? How? Who? When?' And it's not just a building that you think, 'Oh, that's sort of a nice building' -- it takes your breath away and it __61__ touches you.”

Viering says the __62__was choosing only seven from a list of 21 of the world's most awe inspiring sites．Among them are the ancient temples of Angkor Wat (吴哥窟)．Some fear rampant (无节制的) tourism is __63__ one of Cambodia's most popular destinations．

Historical preservationist John Stubbs is with the World Monument Fund. "There's not a minute to __64__ in looking after this precious place because, without a doubt, it could be ruined by some wrong __65__," says Stubbs．

__66__ for many years, these monuments built for a 12th century king attract more than two million visitors every year．From just two hotels 10 years ago, today there are more than 100. In what was once jungle, new shopping malls, pizza restaurants and massage parlors __67__ the landscape．

Even tourists have __68__ feelings about the commerce surrounding what were __69__ places

of worship．

People had various reactions．"I think it takes away from it, I do," says one．"I don't,” says another．“ I feel that the importance of this place deserves people to watch it, see it, __70__ it．" 56．A．demand B．obligation C．reaction D．worship 57．A．imaginary B．newly-elected C．honorable D．original 58．A．a B．such C．no D．another 59．A．wonder B．sigh C．laugh D．agree 60．A．escape B．wander C．stop D．hurry 61．A. emotionally B．physically C．critically D．artificially 62．A．conflict B．agreement C．surprise D．difficulty 63．A．destroying B．changing C．overdeveloping D．discovering 64．A．spend B．find C．waste D．spare 65．A．concepts B．decisions C．designs D．findings 66．A．Independent B．Unexpected C．Undeniable D．Inaccessible 67．A．use B．equip C．dot D．symbolize 68．A．similar B．mixed C．strong D．changeable 69．A．once B．promisingly C．ever D．eventually 70．A．witness B．love C．improve D．protect

Section B （40 %）Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A）

They looked shocked and insulted and somehow ashamed. Above all, they looked old. Wexford thought that in the nature of things a woman of seventy ought to be an orphan, ought to have been an orphan for twenty years. This one had been an orphan for scarcely twenty days. Her husband sitting opposite her, pulling his thin moustache, slowly and mechanically shaking his head, seemed older than she, perhaps not so many years the junior of his late mother-in-law. He wore a brown knitted jacket and sheepskin slippers. His wife kept saying she couldn’t believe her ears, she couldn’t

believe it, why were people so evil? Wexford didn’t answer that. He couldn’t, though he had often wondered himself.

“My mother died of a stroke,” Mrs. Betts said nervously. “It was the death certificate. Dr. Moss put it on the death certificate.”

“She was ninety-two,” Mr. Betts said in his thick throaty voice. “Ninety-two.”

“I mean,” said Mrs. Betts, “Are you saying that Dr. Moss was telling untruth? A doctor?”

“Why don’t you ask him? We’re only ordinary people, the wife and me, we’re not educated. Doctor said a cerebral hemorrhage (脑溢血),” Betts trembled a little over the words, “and in plain language that’s a stroke. That’s what he said. Are you saying the wife or me gave mother a stroke? Are you saying that?”

“I’m making no claims, Mr. Betts.” Wexford felt uncomfortable, wished himself anywhere but

in this newly decorated, paint-smartened house. “I’m merely making enquiries which information received obliges me to do.”

“Gossip,” said Mr. Betts bitterly. “This street’s a hotbed of gossip. Pity they’re nothing better

to do. Oh, I know what they’re saying. Half of them turn up their noses and looked the other way when I pass them.”

Mr. Betts stared at Wexford with a kind of timid outrage. “Haven’t you folk got nothing better

to do? What about the real crime? What about the street attacks and the break-ins?”

Wexford sighed. But he went on persistently questioning, remembering what the nurse had said, what Dr. Moss had said, keeping in the forefront of his mind that motive, which was so much more than merely wanting an aged parent out of the way. If he hadn’t been a policeman, with a great respect for the law and for human life, he might have felt that these two, or one of them, had been angered beyond bearing to do murder.

One of them? Or both? Or neither? Ivy Wrangton had either died an unnatural death or else

there had been a series of coincidences and unexplained events which were nothing short of unbelievable.

71. Wexford was slightly confused by the fact that .

(A) Mrs. Betts had been so old when her mother died

(B) Mr. Betts was as old as his wife’s mother

(C) Mrs. Betts had lost both of her parents

(D) Mr. and Mrs. Betts both denied his accusation

72. Mr. Betts implied that that .

(A) his mother-in-law died of old age

(B) the doctor Moss had insulted them

(C) the doctor who signed the death certificate made a mistake

(D) he cannot fully understand the cause of the death of his mother-in-law

73. Mr. Betts appears to believe that that .

(A) the neighbors have been chatting about their ill-treatment of the mother-in-law

(B) the police should be concentrating on other offences

(C) he was not so well-educated as the doctor

(D) their neighbors are too proud of themselves

74. Wexford feels it is worth questioning the couple about Ivy Wrangton because that .

(A) he is certain they both murdered her

(B) he knew they were tired of looking after her

(C) the circumstances surrounding her death were quite unusual

(D) he was unsure of what their motive may have been

(B)

The great recession may be over, but this era of high joblessness is probably beginning.

Before it ends, it will likely change the life course and character of a generation of young adults. And ultimately, it is likely to reshape our politics, our culture, and the character of our society for years.

No one tries harder than the jobless to find silver linings in this national economic disaster. Many said that unemployment, while extremely painful, had improved them in some ways; they had become less materialistic and more financially prudent; they were more aware of the struggles of others. In limited respects, perhaps the recession will leave society better off. At the very least, it has awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put a necessary end to an era of reckless personal spending.

But for the most part, these benefits seem thin, uncertain, and far off. In The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth, the economic historian Benjamin Friedman argues that both inside and outside the U.S., lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms. Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increases, as does conflict between races and classes.

Income inequality usually falls during a recession, but it has not shrunk in this one. Indeed, this period of economic weakness may reinforce class divides, and decrease opportunities to cross them—especially for young people. The research of Till V on Wachter, the economist in Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind.

In the internet age, it is particularly easy to see the resentment that has always been hidden within American society. More difficult, in the moment, is discerning precisely how these lean times are affecting society’s character. In many respects, the U.S. was more socially tolerant entering this recession than at any time in its history, and a variety of national polls on social conflict since then have shown mixed results. We will have to wait and see exactly how these hard times will reshape our social fabric. But they certainly it, and all the more so the longer they extend.

75. By saying "to find silver linings" (Line 1, Para. 2) the author suggest that the jobless try

to________.

A. seek subsidies from the government.

B. explore reasons for the unemployment.

C. make profits from the troubled economy.

D. look on the bright side of the recession.

76. According to Paragraph2, the recession has made people_______.

A. realize the national dream

B. struggle against each other

C. challenge their prudence

D. reconsider their lifestyles

77. Benjamin Friedman believes that economic recessions may__________.

A. impose a heavier burden on immigrants

B. bring out more evils of human nature

C. promote the advance of rights and freedom

D. ease conflicts between races and classes

78. The research of Till V on Watcher suggests that in the research graduates from elite universities tend to____________.

A. Lag behind the others due to decreased opportunities

B. Catch up quickly with experienced employees

C. See their life chances as dimmed as the others

D. Recover more quickly than the others

(C)

Come on—Everybody’s doing it. That whispered message, half invitation and half forcing, is what most of us think of when we hear the words peer pressure. It usually leads to no good—drinking, drugs and casual sex. But in her new book Join the Club, Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she calls the social cure, in which organizations and officials use the power of group dynamics to help individuals improve their lives and possibly the world.

Rosenberg, the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize, offers a host of examples of the social cure in action: In South Carolina, a state-sponsored antismoking program called Rage Against the Haze sets out to make cigarettes uncool. In South Africa, an HIV-prevention initiative known as LoveLife recruits young people to promote safe sex among their peers.

The idea seems promising, and Rosenberg is a perceptive observer. Her critique of the lameness of many pubic-health campaigns is spot-on: they fail to mobilize peer pressure for healthy habits, and they demonstrate a seriously flawed understanding of psychology. "Dare to be different, please don’t smoke!" pleads one billboard campaign aimed at reducing smoking among teenagers teenagers, who desire nothing more than fitting in. Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.

But on the general effectiveness of the social cure, Rosenberg is less persuasive. Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and

biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful. The most glaring flaw of the social cure as it’s presented here is that it doesn’t work very well for very long. Rage Against the Haze failed once state funding was cut. Evidence that the LoveLife program produces lasting changes is limited and mixed.

There’s no doubt that our peer groups exert enormous influence on our behavior. An emerging body of research shows that positive health habits—as well as negative ones—spread through networks of friends via social communication. This is a subtle form of peer pressure: we unconsciously imitate the behavior we see every day.

Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions. It’s like the teacher who breaks up the troublemakers in the back row by pairing them with better-behaved classmates. The tactic never really works. And that’s the problem with a social cure engineered from the outside: in the real world, as in school, we insist on choosing our own friends.

79. According to the first paragraph, peer pressure often emerges as_______.

A. a supplement to the social cure

B. a stimulus to group dynamics

C.an obstacle to school progress

D. a cause of undesirable behavior

80. Rosenberg holds that public advocates should_______.

A. recruit professional advertisers

B. learn from advertisers’ experience

C. stay away from commercial advertises

D. recognize the limitations of advertisements

81. In the author’s view, Rosenberg’s book fails to________.

A. adequately probe social and biological factors

B. effectively evade the flaws of the social cure

C. illustrate the functions of state funding

D. produce a long-lasting social effect

82. The author suggests in the last paragraph that the effect of peer pressure is______.

A. harmful

B. desirable

C. profound

D. questionable

（D）

Depending on whom you believe, the average American will, over a lifetime, wait in lines for two years (says national public radio) or five years (according to some customer-loyalty experts). The crucial word is average, as wealthy Americans routinely avoid lines altogether. Once the most democratic of institutions, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers (people who still believe in and practice waiting in lines). Poor suckers, mostly. Airports resemble France before the Revolution: first-class passengers enjoy "elite" security lines and priority boarding, and disembark before the unwashed in coach, held at bay by a flight attendant, are allowed to foul the Jet-way. At amusement parks, too, you can now buy your way out of line. This summer I haplessly watched kids use a $52 Gold Flash Pass to jump the lines at Six Flags New England, and similar systems are in use in most major American theme parks, from Universal Orlando to Walt Disney World, where the haves get to watch the have-mores breeze past on their way to their seats. Flash Pass teaches children a valuable lesson in real-world economics; that the rich are more important than you, especially when it comes to waiting. An NBA player once said to me, with a bemused chuckle of disbelief, that when playing in Canada—get this—"We have to wait in the same customs line as everybody else. " Almost every line can be breached for a price. In several U. S. cities this summer, early arrivers among the early adopters waiting to buy iPhones offered to sell their spots in the lines. On Craigslist, prospective iPhone purchasers offered to pay "waiters" or "placeholders" to wait in line for them outside Apple stores. Inevitably, some semi-populist politicians have seen the value of sort-of waiting in lines with the ordinary people. Billionaire New York mayor Michael Bloomberg often waits for the subway with his fellow citizens, though he's first driven by motorcade past the stop nearest his house to a station 22 blocks away, where the wait, or at least the ride, is shorter. Nothing annoys a national lawmaker more than a person who will not wait in line, unless that line is in front of an elevator at the U. S. Capitol, where Senators and Representatives use private elevators, lest they have to queue with their constituents. But compromising the integrity of the line is not just antidemocratic, it's out-of-date. There was something about the orderly boarding of Noah's Ark, two by two, that seemed to restore not just civilization but civility during the Great Flood. How

civil was your last flight？Southwest Airlines has first-come, first-served festival seating. But for $ 5 per flight, an unaffiliated company called Board First. com will secure you a coveted "A" boarding pass when that airline opens for online check-in 24 hours before departure. Thus, the savvy traveler doesn't even wait in line when he or she is online. Some cultures are not renowned for lining up. Then again, some cultures are too adept at lining up: a citizen of the former Soviet Union would join a queue just so he could get to the head of that queue and see what everyone was queuing for. And then there is the US, where society seems to be cleaving into two groups; Very Important Persons, who don’t wait, and Very Impatient Persons, who do-unhappy.

83. What does the following sentence mean? ”Once the most democratic of institution, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers… Poor suckers, mostly. ”(2 paragraph)

A. Lines are symbolic of America’s democracy

B. Lines still give Americans equal opportunities.

C. Lines are now for ordinary Americans only.

D. Lines are for people with democratic spirit only.

84. Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of breaching the line? A. Going through the customs at a Canadian airport. B. Using Gold Flash Passes in amusement parks. C. First-class passenger status at airports. D. Purchase of a place in a line from a placeholder.

85. We can infer from the passage that politicians (including mayors and Congressmen) _______.

A. prefer to stand in lines with ordinary people.

B. advocate the value of waiting in lines.

C. believe in and practice waiting in lines.

D. exploit waiting in lines for their own good.

86. What is the tone of the passage?

A. Instructive

B. Humorous

C. Serious

D. Indifferent

（E）

A. In large settings, people reported feeling more powerful and were likelier to steal money, cheat on a test, and commit traffic violations.

B. How honest a person is depends mainly on his or her personality.

C. This held true even when people were role-playing----that is, they weren’t rich real life.

D. When Dutch psychologist Gerben van Kleef asked study participants that question, most chose the second accountant.

E. Researchers find it very common among “successful” people but can’t explain why.

F. The more wins, the higher the hormones, the greater the confidence boost, the

bigger the risks, and so on.

Picture two accountants alerted to suspicious entries in the books. The first takes the violation seriously. The second thinks it’s not a big deal. Who has more power? ____67______ Powerful people break the rules-----therefore, breaking rules makes one seem more powerful. “In its modest form, rule breaking is actually healthy,” says Zhen Zhang of Arizona State University. He found that relatively minor violations during adolescence----damaging property, playing hooky----predicated an admired occupation entrepreneur. When young men, in particular, take risks that succeed, testosterone levels surge. The hormone may underline the “winner effect,” say researchers John Coates and Joe Herbert of University of Cambridge, who tracked the hormonal activity of stock option traders (again, all male) over their good and bad days in the market _____68______. But at a certain point, risk taking can become illogical. This can cause “ethical numbing(道德麻木).” Consider Steve Jobs: As Apple grew, so did lawsuits against it, like those over patents. Being wealthy has a moral effect on both genders. Studies have found that the $150,000-plus per-year set was four times as likely to cheat as those making less than $15,000 a year when playing a game to win $50. The rich didn’t stop for pedestrians at a crosswalk nearly as often as less-wealthy drivers. ______69_____ That’s because environment—not personality—encourage rule breaking, argues Andy Yap, a behavioral scientist. Yap and his colleagues asked volunteers to sit in an SUVsize driver’s seat versus a crowded one or an executive-size office space versus a cubicle(小隔间) and then tested their responses to various moral evens. _____70______.

Section C （10%）

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic（流行病）of sleepiness in the nation．”I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,” says Dr.David. Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off with more rest.

The beginning of our sleep-deficit（睡眠不足）crisis can be traced back to the invention of

the light bulb a century ago．From diary entries and our personal accounts from the 18th and 19th

centuries, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night. ”The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark.” By the 1950s and 1960s, the sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and 8 hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. “People cheat in their sleep, and they don’t even realize they’re doing it,” says Dr.David, ”They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, 8 or even more to feel ideally vigorous. ”

Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researchers say, is the complexity of the day．Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community increase, many people consider sleep the least expensive item on their programme.” In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you need only 5.5 hours’ sleep. If you’ve got to get 8.5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition. “

To determine the consequences of sleep-deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier.” We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr. David, ”Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate.”

V. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1. 在旅游旺季，机票订的越早越便宜。（book）

2. 这本字典需要做彻底修改，但什么时候再版尚不得而知。（revise）

3. 这只训练有素的警犬对任何声响都很警觉，所以它一定能胜任这项任务。（alert）

4. 与诗歌欣赏有关的电视节目备受欢迎，以致于在年轻人中激起了对古典文学的极大热情。（So）

答案详解：

21.where 22. caught 23. has been coined 24. something 25. if 26.in 27.reducing 28.so that 29. although/though/while 30. may/might

解析：

21.考察定语从句，句中缺少状语，结合先行词，地点状语where。

22.考察时态，结合since 引导从句，固定时态为did，主句为一般现在时或现在完成时。

23.考察谓语动词时态语态问题，结合定语从句，先行词为that，指代前文a term，与coin“杜撰，创造”构成被动关系，且已经发生这个动作。

24 考察代词，结合语义，应是something，代指凯特王妃穿着的某些衣物。

A. 25.考察考察状语从句，结合上下文语义为条件状从。

B. 26.考察介词搭配。In+颜色表示穿着什么颜色的衣服。

C. 27.考察非谓语动词，固定搭配consider + doing。

D. 28.考察状语从句，结合上下文语义，表示目的状语从句。

E. 29.考察状语从句，结合上下文语义，表示让步状从。

F. 30.考察情态动词，结合语义，“她可能不需要sth”。

G. 答案：31-40 D B AC BD C A AE AD AB BC

H. 解析：

I. 31 考查内容：名词

J. 解析：composition n.成分，作品，组织。结合前文elements 元素，应对应成分。K. 32 考查内容：形容词

L. 解析：worth a.值得的。固搭：be worth doing . “你的快乐在世界上是值得寻求”

M. 33 考察内容：动词

N. 解析：wonder v. 想知道、好奇。“我并不好奇那些会嫉妒快乐的人……” O. 34 考察内容：名词

P. 解析：deprivation n. 剥夺。固搭：deprive of 剥夺某人某物。

Q. 35 考查内容：动词

R. 解析：appreciate v.欣赏。结合语法与句意，选择动原。

S. 36 考察内容：形容词

T. 解析：uninterruptible a. 不被打扰的。“有着不被打扰的几个小时的宁静”

U. 37 考察内容：形容词

V. 解析：agreeable a.令人愉悦的。“全心投入于一份令你愉快的工作中”

W. 38 考察内容：动词

X. 解析：withdraw v. 撤退，取回。固搭withdraw from 从……退出，撤出

Y. 39 考察内容：形容词

Z. 解析：disorderly a. 无秩序的；骚动的。注意该词虽以ly 结尾，但仍是形容词，结合前文，三个形容词并列，共同修饰world，且三个副词表达的意思基本一致，故填disorderly。

AA. 40 考察内容：动词

BB. 解析：unlock v. 开锁；揭开；显露。后面that 引导宾从，推出前面填动词。CC. 【答案】56-70 BBCAC ADACB DCBAA DD. 【分析】

EE. 56.考查名词。根据文章大意，旅游业的发展给旅游地带来了负面的影响，因为在推动旅游业发展的同时，我们还要关注旅游者的责任，保护旅游地。故选B

FF. 57.考查形容词。上段提到new seven wonders，因此这是新选出来的，故选B

GG. 58.考查限定词。前一句说七个世界奇迹中只有吉萨金字，说明景点很少，but 与此形成对比，故景点不缺乏，选C

HH. 59.考查动词。因为是世界奇迹，所以会让你感到惊奇，让你倒吸一口气，选A

II. 60.考查动词。世界奇迹会让你停下脚步，思考一些问题。故选C

JJ. 61.考查副词。前面说了让你不禁感叹，所以是触动了你的灵魂，你的情绪，选A KK. 62.考查名词。从21 个世界最有名的景点中选出7 个不是一件容易的事，故选D LL. 63.考查动词。从下文it could be ruined 可以看出，无节制的旅游业正在破坏吴哥窟。故选A

MM. 64.考查动词。因为吴哥窟毫无疑问会被毁坏，所以在保护吴哥窟问题上，一分钟都不能浪费，故选C

65.考查名词。错误的决定会毁坏吴哥窟，故选B

NN. 66.考查形容词。下文讲了吴哥窟以前与现在的对比，可以看出以前在荒芜之地，不太

容易到达，故选D

OO. 67.考查动词。商店、酒店、按摩屋点缀着地平线，故选C

PP. 68.考查形容词。下文一个人认为旅游业的发展的确对吴哥窟造成了负面影响，另一个却认为这样做无可厚非，所以游客的态度是两者均有的，是混合的，故选B

69.考查副词。曾经是朝拜之地，故选A

QQ. 70.考查动词。选watch 和see 的同义词，故选A

RR. 【答案】71. A 72. A 73.B 74. C SS. 【分析】TT. 71 .细节理解题。文章一开头就强调他们看起来很老，一般来说，一个70 岁的老太太

应该早就失去双亲，事实却不然。Wexford 对此感到疑惑。故选A。

UU. 72 .细节理解题。Mr. Betts 连说了两遍她已经92 岁了，他在强调岳母年纪很大了。故选A。

VV. 73. 细节理解题。Mr. Betts 反问警官难道没有更重要的事情去做吗？说明他希望警官不要管他们家这种捕风捉影的事，而是去管管真正的犯罪。故选B

74. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句，Ivy 要么非自然死亡，要么与她的死相关的一系

列巧合事件令人难以置信，充满疑点。所以，Wexford 必须问清楚，故选C

答案：B 篇75-78 DDBD C 篇79-82 DBAD

解析：75. 本题由后面一句“unemployment, while extremely painful, had improved them in some ways”可知选D.

76.本题由后面几句it has awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put a necessary end to an era of reckless personal spending.可知选D

77.本题由”Benjamin Friedman argues that both inside and outside the U.S., lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms. Anti immigrant sentiment typically increases, as does conflict between races and classes” 可知选B 78.本题由”those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses beneath them that are left behind”可知选D

79. 本题由It usually leads to no good—drinking, drugs and casual sex 可知选D

80. 本题由Rosenberg argues convincingly that public-health advocates ought to take a page from

advertisers, so skilled at applying peer pressure.可知选B

81. 本题由Join the Club is filled with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressure so powerful.可知选A

82.本题由Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions. 可知选D.

【答案】83. C 84. A 85. D 86. B 【分析】83. 细节题。根据第二段“The crucial word is average, as wealthy Americans routinely avoid lines altogether.”以及题目中的“the exclusive province of suckers… Poor suckers, mostly”可知排队是只针对穷人的，富有的人可以避免排队。因此选C。84. 细节题。根据第五段中‘An NBA player once said to me, with a bemused chuckle of disbelief, that when playing in Canada—get this—"We have to wait in the same customs line as everybody else. " ’可知，即使是一个NBA 的球员在加拿大游玩时也需要照常排队，因此选A。85. 推断题。根据第七段中“Inevitably, some semi-populist politicians have seen the value of sort-of waiting in lines with the ordinary people.”可知，politicians 排队的理由是看见了其中的价值，即利益，D 中的“good”也是利益的意思，因此选D。86. 细节题。根据文章最后一段“V ery Important Persons, who don’t wait, and Very Impatient Persons, who do-unhappy.”可知以感受出，作者是以一种幽默的语调来阐述这篇文章的，因此选C。

【答案】87. D 88. F 89. C 90. A 【分析】87. 前面问Who has more power? 后面就是回答该问题。D 选项后半句“most chose the second accountant.”则是回答。88. 根据改短第二句话‘he hormone may underline the “winner effect”‘，可知与F 中的“The more wins, the higher the hormones”有关系。89. 前面有说夫人不会再十字路口为路人停下来。C 选项中的this 就是指代这一现象，“This held true even when people were role-playing”与上文内容相承接，同时也解释了原因。90. A 选项中“in large settings”对应了前文所提到的“Yap and his colleagues asked volunteers to sit in an SUV-size driver’s seat versus a crowded one or an executive-size office space versus a cubicle”。这两种空间不同反映不同的行为。

【答案】Sleep-deficit, a common phenomenon in America, is caused by several factors. Firstly, the invention of the light bulb has changed people’s lifestyle and shorten people’s sleep time by

about 2 hours. Secondly, various pressures and misleading social concepts also contribute to sleep deficit. Researchers have found out that sleep-deficit would influence us intellectually.

【分析】

原文共有四个段落，建议总结每个段落的主要内容，通过加入逻辑关系整合后形成概写，避免遗漏重要信息，同时兼顾写作逻辑。因此，要特别关注每个段落中的逻辑连接词。

第一段：本文为说明文，首先需要找到说明对象：Sleep-deficit，解释其定义，通过第一段第一句话可以概括出是a common phenomenon in America。

第二段：主要介绍的Sleep-deficit 的第一个成因：灯泡的发明，改变了人们的生活方式，并且将人们的睡眠时间缩小了2 小时，因此可以概括为：Firstly, the invention of the light bulb has changed people’s lifestyle and shorten people’s sleep time by about 2 hours.

第三段：主要介绍的Sleep-deficit 的第二个成因：源于生活中的各种压力让人们觉得睡眠时间太长是消极、缺少动力的象征，因此可以概括为：Secondly, various pressures and misleading social concepts also contribute to sleep-deficit.

第四段：从第一句可以看出这段主要介绍了Sleep-deficit 带来的影响。由最后一句Short term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate.可以概括出影响主要是在记忆、做决定以及集中注意等智力方面，因此可以概括为: Researchers have found out that sleep-deficit would influence us intellectually.

1. The earlier you book a plane ticket in the tourist season/ holiday season/ peak(high) season, the lower its price will be.

【分析】

book 意为预订，动词；旅游旺季：tourist season/ holiday season/ peak(high) season。需要注意这句考察the more, the more 句型的使用，注意后一句要用将来时。

2.The dictionary needs to be thoroughly revised, but it remains unknown when it will be published.

【分析】

revise 意为修改、修订，动词；此处需要使用被动语态，“尚不得而知”考察it remains unknown 句型。

3.The well-trained police dog is alert to any sound, so it is sure to be qualified for the task/

mission.

【分析】

alert 意为机敏的、警觉的，形容词；训练有素：well-trained；胜任：be qualified for

4.So popular/well-received are the TV programs about poetry appreciation/ the appreciation of poetry that they have aroused many young people’s passion for classical literature.

【分析】

考察So 放在句首的完全倒装句。“备受欢迎”可用popular 或well-received，“如此……以致于“：so…that；“激起……的热情”：arise passion for…

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2018-2019学年上海中学高三上英语期中英语试卷

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