高中英语语法---时间状语从句讲解

时间状语从句

一、时间状语从句的定义

用表示时间的连词连接一个句子作状语，这样的主从复合句就是时间状语从句。连接时间状语从句的连接词有：when, before, after, while, as soon as, until, since...... 如果主句是一般将来时，从句只能用一般现在时表示将来意义。

二、时间状语从句-从属连词

引导时间状语从句的普通类从属连词有when(当……时)，while(在……期间)，

as(当……，一边……一边……)，before(在……之前)，after(在……之后)，since(从……以来)，till/until(直到)，whenever(无论何时)，as soon as(一……就)

注意：在时间状语从句中，不能用一般将来时、过去将来时态或将来完成时，而要用相应的一般现在时态、一般过去时或现在完成时来代替。

例句：I’ll telephone you as soon as I get there. 我一到达那里就打电话给你。

三、时间状语从句-时间状语

1、一般现在时every …, sometimes, at …, on Sunday,

2、一般过去时yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982, just now

3、一般将来时next…, tomorrow, in+时间

4、现在完成时for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always, recently

5、过去完成时before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as

6、过去进行时this morning, the whole morning, all day, yesterday, from nine to ten last evening… when, while

7、将来进行时soon, tomorrow, this evening, on Sunday, by this time, tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening

四、时间状语从句-时态问题

时间状语从句常用的连词有：when，as，while，before，after，since，till，until，as soon as，once。

1、时间状语从句中一般不使用将来时态，尽管主句使用将来时态，一般使用一般现在时态或现在完成时态。

例句：I'll go on with the work when I come back tomorrow.我明天回来，我将继续做这项工作。

2、till/until引导时间状语从句，主句的谓语动词如是延续动词，可使用否定或不用否定，如果是不延续动词，必须使用否定形式。

例句：He didn't go to bed until it was 12 o'clock last night.他昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。

3、as soon as, the moment, every time, each time, the minute, the instant, the day, the week, the year, the first time,next time, any time, the last time, all the time, from the time, by the time, immediately, instantly, directly等表示时间的词语，后面也可以接时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”。

4、主句使用过去进行时或过去完成时，或是was/were about to do sth.后面从句使用when从句，而且谓语动词使用一般过去时，这时when不当“当……时候”解，而当“突然”解。

五、时间状语从句的用法

when，while和as都有“当……时候”的意思，但在不同语境中意义也有所不同。

1、when 的用法

如果只从现象来看，when从句用的最多的是一般过去时，而主句的时态没有限制，根据具体情况而定。

例句：When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas. 他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。

根据以上例句，我们可以总结出一点：when从句的A事件，相当于另一个事件B发生的时间点。也就是说，when从句的重点不在动作本身发生的状态，而只是把它作为一个时间点，所以when多数情况下用的是一般过去时，则不用正在进行时。因为如果用正在进行时，它表示的就是一段时间而不是一个时间点了。所以，when从句的动词大多是瞬时动词的说法也可以参照。实际上，when从句也可以有其它的时态，但几乎也不用进行时，因为它也只是作为一个时间参照点。

2、while 的用法

相比于when 来说，while从句的侧重点就不一样了。while从句的侧重点在于描述动作正在发生的状态，它的意思是：当while事件正在发生的时候，另一件事如何如何。所以，while从句一般用的是正在进行时，而另一件事的状态没有硬性的要求，根据具体情况而定。

3、as 的用法

as从句表示的也是一件事情正在发生，另一件事也正在进行当中。但与while从句不同的是，as从句用的一般不用正在进行时，而只是一般过去时。as从句一般可以翻译成“边……边……”。但as表达的事件，往往只是主句动作发生的背景或条件时，as只是一个次要的时间说明，不像while从句有强调while动作本身的意思。因此，as常常翻译成“随着……”之意。

例如：As the time went on，the weather got worse. 随着时间的推移，气候更加糟糕。

4、when, while, as 的互换

如果从句动作和主句动作同时发生，并且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as可以互换使用。

5、比较while, when, as

1)as, when引导短暂性动作的动词。

例句：Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 我刹车后，有一个人向我走来。

2)当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when 引导这个从句，不可用as 或while。

例句：When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. 干完活后，你可以休息一下。

3)从句表示“随时间推移”连词能用as，不用when 或while。

例句：As the day went on, the weather got worse.日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。

6、比较until和till

until和till意义相同，肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某时”，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是“直至某时才做某事”。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以，但until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首，而且Not until…在句首，主句用倒装。

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状语从句一． 二．分类：

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第一主题英语语法系统全解（一） 第1章动词时态 2-4楼 第2章被动语态 5-7 楼 第3章虚拟语气 9-11 楼 第4章情态动词 12-16楼 第5章动词不定式 17-20 楼 第6章动词的ing形式 21-24楼 第7章过去分词 25-27楼 第8章独立主格结构 28－30楼 第9章名词性从句 31－33楼 第10章定语从句 35－40楼 第11章状语从句（一） 40－45楼 第11章状语从句（二） 第12章直接引语和间接引语 第13章倒装 第14章强调 第15章省略 第16章主谓一致 动词时态－－一般时 第一章动词时态（一） 在英语中，不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，要用不同的动词形式来表示，这就叫做动词的时态。 一、一般时 一般时包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时和一般过去将来时。

A.一般现在时 1．一般现在时的构成 一般现在时主要用动词原形来表示。主语是第三人称单数时，动词后面要加-s或-es。 “我’为开头做称呼的是第一人称 ‘你’怎么怎么样是第二人称 ‘他她它’是第三人称 第三人称就是第三人称转述。 例：小兰对妈妈说：“我要出去玩了” 第三人称：小兰对妈妈说，她要出去玩了。 第三人称，就是说是叙述性质的，没有人的语言，是旁白在记叙！ 以我的角度说，就是第一人称； 以和你说的角度说，就是第二人称； 站在事情外说事情，他怎么怎么样，那就是第三人称了 They want good jobs. 他们想要好的工作。 The coat matches the dress. 外衣和裙子很相配。 This work does not satisfy me. 这项工作我不满意。 Do you understand? 你懂了吗? 2．一般现在时的用法 ①一般现在时的基本用法 a. 表示现在习惯性的动作或存在状态 He always takes a walk after supper. 晚饭后他总是散散步。 Everyone is in high spirits now. 现在大家都情绪高涨。 b. 表示客观事实或普遍真理 The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

高中英语语法状语从句 归纳总结

状语从句 一．分类： 种类连接词注意区别： 时间状语when/whenever/while/as/before/after/instantly /until/till/by the time/as soon as/hardly…when /no sooner…than/the moment/the minute/immediately 有一些表示时间的名词短语也可用来引导时间状语从句： the?minute,?the?moment,?every?time,?the?first?time 例：The?moment?he?reached?the?country,?he?started?his? search. 他一到达这个国家，就开始他的探寻工作。 有一些表示时间的副词也可用来引导时间状语从句： directly 例：Directly?the?master?came?in,?everyone?was?quiet. 校长一进来，?大家就安静下来 as和when、while： as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。当从句的动作发生于主句 之前，只能用when 引导这个从句，不可用as 或while。从 示"随时间推移"连词能用as，不用when 或while。 till/until和not…till/until： until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。 地点 状语 where//wherever where，表示某一个；wherever，表示任何一个。 原因状语Because/as/since/now that/for because和since、for、as、now that： because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提 问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或si 由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用 来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断 只能用for。now that都表示“既然”now that一定要是现在 的，since可以是现在，也可以是过去和现在。 条件状语if/unless/once/in case/as long as/on condition that 多用一般时态，如果表示一般将来的情况，就用一般现在时 果表示过去将来的情况，就用一般过去时。 目的状语(so) that,/in order that/for fear that/in case/lest so that和in order that后常接may, should, could, would等情 词 结果状语so…that, such…that 其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰 或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可 示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配 比较 状语 Than/not so//as…as//the more…the more Your watch is not the same as his.(the same as结构)方式 状语 as if, as though, as, (just)as---so，as if 和as though引导的从句一般用虚拟语气。 让步状语 Though/although/even if/even though/ as//, no matter what/who/which/how/when，whatever/whoever /whichever/however/whenever ，whether---or---（不管---- 都） as在让步状语从句中常用倒装形式；although和though用正 序，可和yet连用，但不可和but连用 时间状语从句：

高中英语语法全英详解

必修一 语法点一：Be+v.ing表将来use the present continuous tense for future plans In English, we have lots of ways of talking about the future. The most common ways of talking about the future we encounter use ‘will’ or ‘be going to’ followed by an infinitive（动词原形）, and we tend to use ‘be going to’ most often for talking about future plans. Sometimes, we also use the present continuous tense to talk about future plans. Ex. ①we are going to Mexico next Sunday. ②Are you coming to the cinema? ③He is leaving for London in two hours. ④We are spending next winter in Australia. Only some verbs can be used in this situation, such as: go, arrive, come, leave, start, stay, return, play, have, work, wear, spend, see, meet, etc. 扩展： What’s the difference between using ‘be going to’ and the present continuous to talk about future plans? Let’s look at some more examples: “I’m going to play football on Saturday” You have made a plan in your head but possibly not taken any real action to confirm it. Also, playing football on Saturday is probably not a regular event for you. “I’m playing football on Saturday” You have made a plan and taken some real action to confirm it (e.g. called your friends or booked a place to play). In this case, it’s likely that playing football on Saturdays is a common activity for you. 语法点二：Direct speech and indirect speech(直接引语和间接引语) Let's first define the terms, then look at how to talk about what someone said, and how to convert speech from direct to indirect or vice-versa. You can answer the question What did he say? in two ways: by repeating the words spoken (direct speech) by reporting the words spoken (indirect or reported speech). Direct speech repeats, or quotes, the exact words spoken. When we use direct speech in writing, we place the words spoken between quotation marks (" ") and there is no change in these words. Reported or indirect speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally change the tense of the words spoken. We use reporting verbs like 'say', 'tell', 'ask', and we may use the word 'that' to introduce the reported words. Quotation marks are not used. 1、declarative sentence陈述句 ①Change in pronoun: The pronoun (subject) of the reported speech is changed according to the pronoun of reporting verb or object (person) of reporting verb (first part of sentence). Sometimes the pronoun may not change. In following example the pronoun of reported speech is “I” which will be changed in indirect speech into the pronoun (Subject) of reporting verb that is “he”. He said, “I like it very much.”→He said that he liked it very much. ②Change in tense: If the first part of sentence (reporting verb part) belongs to past tense the tense of reported speech will change. If the first part of sentence (reporting verb part) belongs to present or