高中英语 Unit2 English around the world练习(新人教版)必修1

Unit 2 English around the world

The history of the English language really started with the arrival of three Germanic tribes(部落)who invaded(侵略)Britain during the 5th century.

Old English

The invading Germanic tribes spoke similar languages，which in Britain developed into what we now call Old English.Old English didn't sound or look like English today.Native English speakers now would have great difficulty understanding Old English speakers.However，about half of the most commonly used words in Modern English have Old English roots.

Middle English

In 1066，the Norman invaded and conquered England.They also brought with them a kind of French，which became the language of the ruling and business classes.For a period，the lower classes spoke English and the upper classes spoke French.In the 14th century，English________ in Britain again，with many French words added.This language is called Middle English.

Late Modern English

The main difference between Early Modern English and Late Modern English is https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e216641232.html,te Modern English has many more words，resulting from two main factors：firstly，technology development created a need for new words；secondly，the British Empire at its height converted one quarter of the earth's surface，and the English language used foreign words from many countries.

Now there are many other varieties of English in the world，such as Australian English，New Zealand English，Canadian English，South African English，Indian English and Caribbean English.

【词海拾贝】

1．arrival n．到达

2．period n．时期，阶段

3．class n．阶层

4．result from 因……发生；随……产生

5．create v. 生产；制造

【问题思考】

1．The main idea of the text is _____________________________.

答案：the history of the English language

2．Fill in the blank in Paragraph 3 with proper words.

_______________________________________________________

答案：became a main language

3．What's the main difference between Early Modern English and Late Modern English? _______________________________________________________

答案：Vocabulary.

Ⅰ.将单词与其正确释义配对

1．official adj. A．本身；本体；身份

2．native adj.&n. B．常常；频繁地

3．actually adv. C．官方的；正式的；公务的

4．base vt. & n. D．逐渐地；逐步地

5．gradually adv. E．流利的；流畅的

6．vocabulary n. F．以……为根据；基部；基地；基础

7．spelling n. G．拼写；拼法

8．identity n. H．本国的；本地的；本地人；本国人

9．fluent adj. I．实际上；事实上

10．frequently adv. J．词汇；词汇量；词表

答案：1.C 2.H 3.I 4.F 5.D 6.J 7.G 8.A

9．E 10.B

Ⅱ.根据所给汉语提示写出单词

1．________adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的

2．________n. 航行；航海

3．________adj. 本国的；本地的n．本国人；本地人

4．________adv. 事实上；实际上

5．________vt. 以……为根据n．基部；基础；基地

6．________adj. 逐渐的；逐步的

________adv. 逐渐地；逐步地

7．________adj. 较后的；(两者中)后者的；后半的

8．________n. 本身；本体；身份

9．________adj. 流利的；流畅的

________adv. 流利地；流畅地

10．________adj. 频繁的；常见的

________adv. 常常；频繁地

答案：1.official 2.voyage 3.native 4.actually

5．base 6.gradual gradually https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e216641232.html,tter 8.identity

9．fluent fluently 10.frequent frequently

Ⅲ.根据英语释义写出下列单词

1．________：tell/ask sb to do sth

2．________：an act of asking for sth especially politely

3．________：the act of expressing；showing of feelings，

opinions

4．________：of，from or living in the east part of the world or of a specified region 5．________：know again one has seen，heard or experienced

6．________：truck

7．________：the emphasis that you should give to part of a word when saying it 8．________：without a bend or curve；one person is honest，

truthful

答案：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e216641232.html,mand 2.request 3.expression 4.eastern

5．recognize 6.lorry 7.accent 8.straight

Ⅳ.选词填空(注意形式的变化)

communicate with；be based on；be able to；make use of；come up；have a good command of...；believe it or not；play a big part in；be recognized as；hold on

1.If you want to do this job well，you must be __________ speak English well. 答案：able to

2．The story is about a family who can't ____________ each other.

答案：communicate with

3．This novel __________ the family history of the writer.

答案：is based on

4．While we were talking，a man ________．

答案：came up

5．They tried their best to ____________ the chance that their school offered to study hard.

答案：make use of

6．Otherwise，you will ____________ a human and not a selfish person in cold blood. 答案：be recognized as

7．Her father has never ____________ her life.

答案：played a big part in

8．—Is Peter there?

—__________，please.I'll see if I can find him for you.

答案：Hold on

9．____________，they will not carry out their promise.

答案：Believe it or not

10．My sister ____________English because she has studied abroad for three years. 答案：has a good command of

Ⅴ.领会下列句子所用的句型并译成汉语

1．Why not go by Underground?

_______________________________________________________

答案：为什么不乘地铁去呢？

2．Today，more people speak English as their first，second or a foreign language than ever before.

_______________________________________________________

答案：如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多了，他们有的是作为第一语言来说，有的是作为第二语言或外语。

3．Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.

_______________________________________________________

答案：以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所说的话不尽相同，也可以相互理解。

4．At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.

_______________________________________________________

答案：起初大约在公元450年和公元1150年间，英国人所说的英语与人们现在所说的英语很不一样。

课文表层理解

Ⅰ.根据课文内容判断正(T)误(F)

1．English had the most speakers in the 12th century.

(F)

2．English changed when new settlers and rulers came to Britain.

(T)

3．Languages in the world change frequently.

(T)

4．The language of the government is always the language of the country.

(F)

5．English is also the official language in ChinA．

(F)

Ⅱ.读课文，回答问题

1．Was the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 similar to the English spoken today？Why?

_______________________________________________________

答案：No.It was very different from the English spoken today.It's because it was based more on German than the English we speak at present.

2．When did some British settlers move to America?

_______________________________________________________

答案：In 1620.

3．What are the two big changes in English spelling by the 19th century?

_______________________________________________________

答案：First Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language.

Ⅲ.根据课文内容完成表格

答案：1.end 2.based 3.because of 4.made

5．vocabulary 6.taken https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e216641232.html,ernment https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e216641232.html,cation

9．present 10.identity

课文深层理解

Ⅰ.根据课文内容匹配段落大意

1．Para 1 A．The example of the difference between different native English speakers.

2．Para 2 B．Wide use of English.

3．Para 3 C．English is a language spoken all around the world.

4．Para 4 D．Why English has changed over time.

5．Para 5 E．English was settled.

答案：1.B 2.A 3.D 4.E 5.C

Ⅱ.单项选择

1．Where did most of the English speakers live at the end of the 16th century? A．AmericA．B．England.

C．South AsiA．D．South AfricA．

答案：B

2．When did English begin to be spoken in many other countries?

A．In the 17th century.

B．At the end of the 16th century.

C．Between about AD 450 and 1150.

D．In the 19th century.

答案：A

3．According to the text，which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Languages always stay the same.

B．Languages change only after wars.

C．Languages no longer change.

D．Languages change when cultures change.

答案：D

4．From Paragraph 3，we can learn that from AD 450 to 1150，English sounded more like ________．

A．German B．Chinese

C．French D．Russian

答案：A

5．Why does India have a very large number of fluent English speakers? A．Because Indians like learning English very much.

B．Because India has the largest number of English learners.

C．Because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.

D．Because India has a close relationship with

Britain.

答案：C

写一则海报

英文海报是人们在日常生活中经常使用的一种张贴形式的应用文。它的使用场合非常广泛，包括活动宣传、招聘广告和人物介绍等。

英文海报通常含有通知性，所以主题应该明确、一目了然。它还包含广告的某些特点，要求内容简明扼要，形式新颖美观。

一、海报通常包括的几部分

1．标题。

首先根据海报的特点、格式写明标题。海报中往往把内容作为大字标题。例如：Football Match，Why is it important to learn English？或者注明Poster等字样。

2．正文部分。

不同的海报其正文部分的侧重点不同。对于介绍性的海报，首先引出话题，其次列出原因，最后总结。对于宣传类海报，要写清楚具体内容，如：活动内容、地点以及参加规定、主持或举办单位等。

3．落款。

出海报的单位署名通常放在右下角，日期位于署名的下一行，既可以写在右下角，也可以写在左下角。

注意事项：

(1)海报的标题必须简洁明了，词数不能太多，而且必须能吸引读者的眼球。

(2)海报的写作目的就是让读者了解活动的信息，传达信息才是海报最重要的任务，所以文字的修饰要服务于信息，不能玩文字游戏，使读者摸不着头脑。

二、常用句式

1．I have something important to tell you.

2．I have got an announcement to make.

3．I am told that a speech contest will be held at the“English Corner”this summer vacation.

4．I'm glad to have the honour to tell you some activities you're going to have today. 5．The party is a good chance for us to practise our English.

6．Everyone is welcome to attend the party.

7．Please bring along your pens and notebooks.

8．All the students are requested to attend the celebration of the Teachers' Day to be held in the Grand Hall in the Main Building at 6：30 this evening. 9．Don't miss the chance.Please get there on time.

10．Please get everything ready.Don't be late.

根据以下提示，以学生会的名义写一则英文海报。

足球比赛

参赛单位：江海中学足球队vs江北中学足球队

比赛时间：2017年9月6日下午2：00

比赛地点：校操场

【审题谋篇】

第一步明确要求

本海报主要是告知学生以及老师一场足球比赛的消息，以学生会的名义进行写作，视角明确，因此语言应注意受众的接受性。海报的主要内容是告知比赛双方、比赛时间、比赛地点。写作中特别强调格式的重要性。同时还要注意语言的简洁性。

第二步确定段落

本篇海报可以从以下几个方面入手：

标题

Para 1简单说明比赛双方

Para 2比赛时间

Para 3比赛地点

Para 4欢迎师生前来观看

署名

第三步提炼要点

本文可能会运用到以下词汇和短语：

1．friendly football match 足球友谊赛

2．hold 举办

3．be welcome 受欢迎

第四步句式升级

句式体现一般表达向高级表达过渡：

1．江海中学足球队与江北中学足球队将进行一场足球比赛。

(一般表达)Jianghai Middle School Football Team and Jiangbei Middle School Football Team will have a match.

(高级表达)A friendly football match will be held between Jianghai Middle School Football Team and Jiangbei Middle School Football Team.

2．欢迎广大师生前来观看。

(一般表达)We welcome all teachers and students.

(高级表达)All the teachers and students are warmly welcome.

【范文赏析】

A friendly football match

A friendly football match will be held between Jianghai Middle School Football Team and Jiangbei Middle School Football Team.

Time：2：00 pm，September 6th，2017.

Place：The school playground.

All the teachers and students are warmly welcome.

The Students' Union

【亮点点评】

该范文结构完整，标题鲜明且明确，指出poster的主题是一场足球比赛。然后正文部分根据人们的一般思维，点出参赛的双方，第三、四段进而说明比赛的具体时间、地点，最后署

名通知的发布者是学生会。整篇文章要点齐全，语言规范，主题鲜明，文字简洁，逻辑井然，一气呵成。文章简短，但是将主要信息做到了不遗不漏，格式规范，值得学习。

你校学生会需招聘一名留学生做英语学习顾问，请你以短文形式写一则招聘启事。内容主要包括：

1．母语是英语，汉语流利者优先；

2．解答英语学习问题，协助组织英语活动；

3．每周4小时，报酬面议；

4．联系人：李华(Tel：130 **** ****)。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3．启事标题和结尾已为你写好。

English_advisor_wanted

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________

Student_Union

Yucai_High_School

答案：

English_advisor_wanted

The Student Union of school decides to invite an international student to work as an English Study Advisor next term.The main responsibilities of the advisor include helping students to practise their oral English，answering their questions，and helping organize activities such as singing English songs，English evenings，or lectures on interesting topics.

The applicant should be a native speaker of English.Fluency in Chinese is preferred.The advisor is expected to work 4 hours per week.

If you are interested，please call Li Hua at 130 **** **** for an interview.Payment for the service will be discussed during the interview.

Student_Union

Yucai_High_School

A级基础过关

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

在句中空白处填上适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

1．He looked calm，but __________(actual)he was very nervous.

答案：actually

2．________(base)on a novel by Lewis，the film is popular with people around the country.

答案：Based

3．He speaks Chinese ________(fluent)as if he were a Chinese.

答案：fluently

4．This is the main use that scientists make ________ natural resources.

答案：of

5．The new method is not perfect.Even ________，it's much better than the old one. 答案：so

6．It is ________ (request)that he ________(leave)before seven o'clock.

答案：requested should leave

7．The town has changed beyond __________(recognize)since I was last here.

答案：recognition

8．Computers play ________ important part in modern society.

答案：an

9．I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrellA．That's ________ I got wet through. 答案：why

10．The explorer took only such men and things ________he really needed into the thick forest.

答案：as

Ⅱ.选词填空(注意形式的变化)

such as；make full use of；at present；expression；accent；come up；block；play；vocabulary；because of

1．We must ________the resources we have.

答案：make full use of

2．I like drinks，________tea and coffee.

答案：such as

3．Strangers ________ to him in the street and said how much they enjoyed his book. 答案：came up

4．The boss is busy ________and he will ring you back later.

答案：at present

5．The part that the church ________is very great.

答案：plays

6．He had to retire ________his poor health.

答案：because of

7．They greeted him with many ____________of pleasure.

答案：expressions

8．He speaks with a strong southern________．

答案：accent

9．He lives three ________away from here.

答案：blocks

10．To my surprise，he has the largest ________in our class.

答案：vocabulary

Ⅲ.完成句子

1．Mr Zhang ________________________________(起着非常重要的作用)carrying out the plan.

答案：played an important part in

2．She is wearing a long red coat so you'll ______________(肯定能认出)her.

答案：be sure to recognize

3．________________________(信不信由你)，they will not carry out their promise. 答案：Believe it or not

4．The captain ______________________________(命令他的人向港口航行)quickly.

答案：commanded his men to sail to the port

5．They've made an urgent request that the fresh water _________ (应该立刻供应)．答案：(should)be supplied at once

B级能力提升

Ⅰ.阅读理解

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Recent studies have shown that exercise is good to both your physical strength and brain.A new study finds that people become smarter after starting a running programme.

In their study，the researchers had seven young people start a running programme consisting of running 30 minutes，two or three times a week for at least 12 skills before and after the 3－month running programme.

After 12 weeks of running，scores on all of the tests increased greatly in the runners，as did their reaction times (反应时间)in completing the tests，but the scores began to fall again if the runners stopped their training.

The results could have suggestions for old people as well.According to these researchers，old people who started a 4－month exercise programme also showed it may help doctors find a way to use exercise and running to help old people and those with Alzheimer's(老年痴呆症)disease improve their memory and other mental skills. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇最新研究，研究表明跑步不仅可以使身体健康而且还可以让人的大脑反应更加灵活。

1．What is the best title for this passage?

A．Running may make you smarter and healthier.

B．How to start a running programme.

C．Running is an important way to improve health.

D．The seven－person programe.

解析：主旨大意题。这篇文章主要是通过一项七人运动项目来证明跑步可以使你更加灵活和健康，而不是阐述如何开始一个跑步计划，也不是讲跑步的重要性，更不是讲七人计划。答案：A

2．The researchers did tests both before and after the running programme because________．

A．they had enough time to do it

B．the scores would be higher

C．they wanted to make sure that all the runners would take to test

D．they could compare the scores

解析：推理判断题。从全文可以推断，跑步计划前后都要统计分数，是为了测试跑步带来的不同。

答案：D

3．The underlined word“their”in the second paragraph refers to“________”．A．the young people's B．the researchers'

C．the runners' D．the tests'

解析：代词指代题。从第二段“In their study，the researchers had seven young people start a running programme consisting of running 30 minutes，...”可知答案为B项。答案：B

Ⅱ.七选五

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。For several years，Americans have enjoyed teleshopping—watching TV and buying things by phone.__1__In a number of European countries，people can turn on their TVs and shop for clothes，jewelry，food，toys and many other things.

__2__For example，the biggest Swedish company sells different kinds of things on TV in 15 European countries，and in one year it made $100 million.In France there are two teleshopping channels，and the French spend about $20 million a year to buy things through those channels.

In Germany，until last year teleshopping was only possible on one channel for 1 hour every day.Then the government allowed more teleshopping.Other channels can open for telebussiness，including the largest American teleshopping company and a 24－hour teleshopping company.__3__

Some people like teleshopping because it allows them to do their shopping without leaving their homes.With all the problems of traffic in the cities，this is an important reason，but at the same time other Europeans do not like this new way of shopping.__4__Many Europeans usually worry about the quality of the things for sale on TV.Good quality is important to them，and they believe they cannot be sure about the quality of the things on TV.

__5__They will have to be more careful about the quality of the things they sell.They will also have to work harder to sell things that the buyers cannot touch or see in person.

A．Now teleshopping is starting in Europe.

B．They call teleshopping“Junk on the air”．

C．Teleshopping is becoming popular in Sweden.

D．German businesses are hoping this new teleshopping will help them sell more things. E．The need for high quality means that European teleshopping companies will have to be different from the American companies.

F．Teleshopping is popular among people.

G．German teleshopping business is controlled by AmericA．

答案：1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.E

Ⅲ.完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

My father enjoys bike riding.Ever since I was little，I've always loved going biking with my dad.__1__，as I became a teenager，other things began to draw my __2__．Suddenly，it was important to do things with __3__．I saw my dad every evening at home.Why did I have to __4__my Sundays to all day bike trips with him，too？

Even if my indifference(冷漠)hurt him，my father kept __5__，he would always let me know when he was planning a bike trip __6__I wanted to come.

It was a Sunday morning，and I was in low __7__．Two of my friends had gone to the movies without inviting me.Just then my father __8__my room.“It's a beautiful day.Want to go for a __9__ today，Beck？” “Leave me alone！”I impatiently __10__．Those were the last words I said to him before he left the house that __11__．Several hours later，the police called us，__12__ us that dad had a traffic accident.My father's injuries were serious.It took several days before he could __13__speak.Beside his bed I held his hand gently，__14__of hurting him. “Daddy...I'm sorry...”“It's okay，sweetheart.I'll be okay.”

“No，”I said，“I __15__what I said to you that day.You know，that morning？”“Sweetheart，I don't __16__anything about that day.I remember kissing you good night the night before，though.”He__17__a weak smile.

I felt __18__for my thoughtless remark，for I even wanted him to leave me alone.My teacher once told me that __19__have immeasurable power.They can hurt or they can heal.And we all have the __20__to choose our words.I intend to do that very carefully from now on.

【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。语言有不可估量的力量，既能够伤害人也能够温暖人，我们说话时要斟酌用词。

1．A．Therefore B．Instead

C．Besides D．However

解析：根据后面的“other things”可知，这里表示转折关系。

答案：D

2．A．attention B．sight

C．effort D．energy

解析：draw my attention 吸引我的注意力，即当我长成少年，其他一些事情吸引了我的注意力。

答案：A

3．A．dad B．friends

C．teachers D．brothers

解析：根据第二段第二句话“Two of my friends...”可知答案。

答案：B

4．A．start B．save

C．devote D．waste

解析：devote...to 投入……做某事，即“我”为什么还要花费星期日和他骑车啊？

答案：C

5．A．silent B．busy

C．asleep D．awake

解析：当“我”的冷漠伤害到父亲时，他也不吱声。keep silent保持沉默。

答案：A

6．A．unless B．in case

C．so that D．as if

解析：句意：当他计划自行车旅行的时候总会让我知道，以防万一我也想去。in case以防(万一)。

答案：B

7．A．spirits B．conditions

C．states D．hopes

解析：(be)in low spirits 情绪低落。由空后“我的两个朋友去看电影却没叫我”可知答案。

答案：A

8．A．left B．checked

C．entered D．knocked

解析：父亲进了“我”的房间。

答案：C

9．A．ride B．walk

C．picnic D．game

解析：根据前面内容可知，此处指父亲问“我”是否要一起去骑车。

答案：A

10．A．whispered B．warned

C．announced D．shouted

解析：句意：我情绪低落，因此父亲跟我说话时，我不耐烦地喊道(shouted)……。

答案：D

11．A．moment B．morning

C．afternoon D．evening

解析：根据上一段第一句话可知，那时候是早晨。

答案：B

12．A．promising B．reminding

C．telling D．phoning

解析：句意：警察打电话告诉(telling)我们父亲出了交通事故。其他几项不合题意。

答案：C

13．A．finally B．generally

C．strictly D．broadly

解析：几天后父亲才最终开口说话，A项正确。

答案：A

14．A．tired B．afraid

C．excited D．sorry

解析：“我”轻轻地抓住父亲的手，害怕弄疼他。

答案：B

15．A．discuss B．think

C．care D．mean

解析：mean指的是，意思是，即作者向父亲解释自己对父亲说“对不起”的原因。

答案：D

16．A．hate B．forget

C．remember D．like

解析：父亲的意思是“我记不得那天的事情了”。

答案：C

17．A．became B．expressed

C．exchanged D．managed

解析：manage a smile 的意思是“强作微笑”，符合语境。

答案：D

18．A．happy B．regretful

C．good D．surprised

解析：“我”后悔说了那些不加考虑的话。

答案：B

19．A．apologies B．promises

C．smiles D．words

解析：语言有不可估量的力量。由下文“...to choose our words”可知答案。答案：D

20．A．experience B．honor

C．power D．desire

解析：每个人都有权选择自己要说的话(作者打算以后更加注意自己的话)。

答案：C