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深圳牛津英语8Achapter4 computer tchnology讲稿

深圳牛津英语8Achapter4 computer tchnology讲稿
深圳牛津英语8Achapter4 computer tchnology讲稿

Chapter 4 Computer technology

words and expressions

drive vi.驾车行驶; n. 驱动器driver n.驾驶者

She never learned to drive. 一直没学会开车。

monitor n. (计算机)显示器;显示屏,屏幕;

He was watching a game of tennis on a television monitor.

他在看电视转播的网球赛

speaker n. 扬声器;说话者;演讲者,发言人;

He was not a good speaker.

keyboard n.键盘;

mouse n. 鼠标;老鼠;

I move the mouse by hand. 我用手移动鼠标。

The mouse nibbled the bread. 老鼠啃掉了面包。

flash disk 闪存盘

type vt.& vi.打字;键入 n.类型;

What type of person are you? 是什么类型的人?

control vt.控制;管理;

Please don?t control me.

hide vt.隐藏;躲避

They hid themselves behind a tree. 他们躲到一棵树后。

tiny adj.极小的,微小的

The living room is tiny.起居室非常小。

realize vt. 察觉到;认识到;意识到;

As soon as we realised something was wrong, we moved the children away.

我们刚意识到有什么不对劲就把孩子转移了。

rarely adv.很少;不常;罕见地

He rarely gets here

print vt.打印;

They need to print more invitations. 他们需要印刷更多的请柬。

operate vt.& vi.运转;操作;经营;管理

Many students can operate the computer.

railway n.铁路

The railway is not completed yet. 这条铁路尚未完工。

judge n.法官;审判员;裁判员vt.& vi.审判,评判;断定

The judge disallowed that evidence. 法官驳回那项证据。

Don?t judge others by appearance. 不要以貌取人

raise vt. 提出;提高

He raised his hand to wave. 他举手挥动起来。

We can raise more questions. 我们可以提出的问题很多。

supply vt.供给;补充;向……提供(物资等) n.供应;提供

Trees supply shade in summer. 夏季树木提供荫凉处

order n.订单;命令;秩序; vt.命令

Please send your order by fax or mail. 请传真或邮寄订单。

company n.公司

reference n.标识;编号;参考书

price n.价格,价钱

Your price is too low. 你的价格太低。

medium adj.中等的,中级的

The man is of medium build. 那个男人是中等身材。

quantity n.量,数量;定量

Quality is more important than quantity. 质量比数量更重要。

opinion n.意见,主张;看法;评价

I quite agree to your opinion. 我很赞成你的看法。

disagree vi.不同意;不一致;

I disagree with you. 我不同意你说的。

hot adj. 辣的;热的

I am hot and thirsty! 我又热又渴!

smooth adj.柔和的;柔软的;光滑的;流畅的

speed n.速度

He drove off at high speed. 他驱车飞驰而去

modern adj.现代的;近代的;

I am doing modern language. 我在学现代语言。

distance n.距离,路程;

The distance wouldn't be a problem. 距离不成问题。

hardly ever几乎不

be unaware of 不知道,未察觉

dependent on 依赖于

for the time being 暂时

in one?s opinion 按某人的意见;据某人看来

reading

1、You never seem to be short of money,lo.Why?

One of my cousins is an ATM machine.

be short of 缺少

one of+可数名词复数

2、Not so many years ago, you hardly ever saw computers. 不几年前,你几乎没见过计算机。

always----often----hardly ever/seldom----never(频率副词)

hardly ever = seldom; almost never/not often/rarely 几乎不

hardly 意思是“几乎不;几乎没有”,是个否定意义的副词。

e.g. It was so dark that I could hardly see. 天那么黑,我简直看不见了。

辨析:hard 可作形容词,意思是“坚硬的;困难的;艰苦的”;也可作副词,“努力地;辛苦地”。

e.g. This ground is too hard to dig. 这块地硬得挖不动。

Is science harder than English? 自然科学比英语难学吗?

I have been working hard all morning. 我辛辛苦苦地干了一上午活。

3、Now they seem to be everywhere. 现在它们似乎是无处不在。

seem to be/do = It seems that+从句

you seem to be the best player.

It seems that you are the best player.

You seem to play football well.

It seems that you plays …

4、There are also many tiny, hidden computers in your home,but you might be unaware of them.

tiny = very small

be unware of=not realize/know about/know

反义:be aware of = realize / know

be unaware of 意思是“没意识到;不知道”。

be aware of 意思是“意识到;明白”。

e.g. be unaware of the danger 没有觉察到危险

Everybody is aware of the importance of English.

每个人都意识到了英语的重要性。

5、You are more dependent on computers than you realize. 你比你意识到的更加依赖计算机。

be dependent on = depend on 依靠;依赖

拓展:depend v. 依靠;依赖dependent adj. 依靠的;依赖的

depend on 依靠;依赖

You are dependent on your parents now.

6、Computers are probably the best calculators in the world at the moment.

at the moment = at present = for the time being = nowadays/now

7、They are faster at calculating than people,and they rarely give wrong answers.

rarely = seldom / almost never / not often

8、They can also type, print and draw. They can teach you many things and also play

games with you.

9、More importantly, they can operate railways (like the underground) and fly planes and spaceships. For these reasons, we sometimes call them “electronic brains”.

10、The answer to this question is, for the time being, …No?.

the answer to ... 意思是“……的答案”。注意介词用to。

for the time being 意思是“暂时;眼下;目前”。=at present/now/at this time

e.g. I?m afraid I can?t help for the time being. 我恐怕暂时帮不上忙。

11、You have greater understanding of the meaning of things than computers and can also create new idea of your own.

have great understanding of ... 对……有很深的了解。

e.g. To be a good teacher, you should have great understanding of your

students. 要做个好老师,你得非常了解学生。

of one?s own (属于)某人自己的

12、However, one day computers may be able to do more things than a human brain. In the future, they may even be better at doing their jobs than doctors, judges and teachers.

in the future(在)将来

be good at doing sth/sth= do well in doing sth.

13、This raises interesting questions. How will computers changes our lives? Will we have nothing to do? Will computers make our lives better or worse in the future?

have nothing to do没有什么可做;无所事事

make our lives better and /or worse 使我们的生活更好或更糟

1. 区别易混词:hardly 和hard

hard:adj. 难的, 坚硬的, 艰苦的adv. 努力地; 坚硬地; 辛苦地

hardly: adv. 刚刚He had hardly arrived when it began to snow. 他一到,天就下起雪来了。

几乎不My legs were so weak that I could hardly stand. 我的腿虚弱得简直无法站立。

同样易混的词还有:late 和lately

late adj. 迟的, 晚的& adv. 晚, 迟

lately adv. 最近, 近来

2. seem v. 像是, 似乎

seem + adj. seem 是系动词,后接形容词: He seems happy.

常用短语seem to do:

He seems to know everything. 他似乎什么都懂。

He doesn't seem to like the idea. 他似乎不太赞成这个想法。

seem like sth:

The minutes seemed like hours. It seemed like a good idea at that time.

常用句型It seems that… :

It seems that he is very gifted 看起来他很有天赋。

It seems to me that it will rain tonight. 我看今晚要下雨。

3. hide (hide-hid-hidden) v. 藏, 隐瞒, 遮掩掉

Lies can not hide facts. 谎言掩盖不了事实。

hidden adj. 隐藏的, 秘密的His words had a hidden meaning. 他话中有话。

4. aware adj. 知道的, 意识到的;

be aware of 意识到= realize / know

unaware adj. 不知道的, 没觉察到的

be unaware of 不知道,= not realize / not know

5. depend v. 相信; 依靠, 依赖; 信赖; 依...而定

常用短语depend on/upon:It depends on the weather. 这取决于天气。

The country depends heavily on its tourist trade. 这个国家的经济在很大程度上依靠其旅游业。

dependent adj. 依赖的反义词:independent adj. 独立自主的; 不受约束的

常用短语be dependent on/ upon 依赖于

常用短语be independent of (注意介词搭配不同)不依赖;不受……约束

All is dependent on your decision. 一切看你的决心而定。

You should learn to be independent of your parents. 你应该学习不要依赖父母。6. calculate v. 计算; 预测;

calculation n. 计算; 预测

calculator n. 计算者; 计算器

7. rarely adv. (否定词) 很少

常见否定词:never 从不;hardly adv. 几乎不;seldom adv. 很少, 不常;

few n. 很少数; 几乎没有& adj. 很少的(修饰可数名词)little n. 少许& adj. 很少的& adv. 很少; 完全不; (修饰不可数名词)8. create v. 创造; 设计creation n. 创造; 创立; 创作

creator n. 创造者, 创作者

同义词:make; invent v. 发明, 虚构, 创作inventor n. 发明家

9 . 区别易混词:raise 和rise

raise (raise-raised-raised) v. 举起, 提高;提出raise + sth 可接宾语raise questions 提问

He raised his glass and said: "Your health, Carl."

他举起了杯子说道:"祝你健康,卡尔。"

rise (rise-rose-risen)v. 上升; 升起

不能接宾语或不能直接接宾语,要有介词才能接宾语。

The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东方升起,在西方落下。

She rose above her difficulties. 她战胜了重重困难。

10. information 不可数名词;

不能用等修饰但可用much/little/a little/ some/any/ a lot of/ lots of/enough/ no 来修饰。

language形容词比较级和最高级

绝大多数形容词有三种形式:原级、比较级和最高级

形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的,分为规则变化和不规则变化。

形容词的比较级和最高级的规则变化如下:

1) 通常在单音节词尾加-er 和-est:

great---greater---greatest high---higher---highest

tall----taller----tallest poor---poorer---poorest

2) 以-e 结尾的单音节词在词尾加-r 和-st:

large--- larger---largest wide----wider----widest

3) 以辅音字母+ y 结尾的形容词,把y 改i再加-er 和-est:

happy---happier---happiest easy---easier---easiest

early---earlier---earliest dirty----dirtier-----dirtiest

4) 以一个元音字母+ 一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母后再加-er

和-est

big---bigger---biggest sad---sadder---saddest thin----thinner----thinnest

5) 以后缀-ful、-less、-ing、-ed、-ly等结尾的双音节词,在其前加more 和most

helpful---more helpful---most helpful

helpless---more helpless---most helpless

boring---more boring---most boring

worried---more worried---most worried

tired---more tired ---most tired

friendly---more friendly---most friendly

6) 在多数双音节词和多音节词前加more 和most:

beautiful---more beautiful---most beautiful

difficult---more difficult---most difficult

important---more important---most important

7) 少数以-er,-w,-ble结尾的双音节词,在其词后加-er 和-est

clever--- cleverer--- cleverest low ---- lower -----lowest able------ abler------ablest new---newer---newest few---fewer---ewest

形容词前如加less 和least 则表示"更不"和"最不"

important 重要less important 更不重要least important 最不重要

不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级须特殊牢记:

1)too/ very/ quite/ so/ rather + 原级

2)原级+ enough 足够...

3)as + 原级+ as 与...一样...

4)A not as/ so + 原级+ as B A 不如/不及B...

Tom is not as tall as Jim. Tom不如Jim高.(Tom比Jim矮/ jim比Tom高)= Tom is shorter than Jim.

= Jim is taller than Tom.

Mary is not so beautiful as Jane. Mary不如Jane漂亮。(Jane比Mary漂亮)= Mary is less beautiful than Jane.

= Jane is more beautiful than Mary.

2、形容词比较级的用法:

形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下:

1)比较级+ than

Kate is taller than Jenny.

This picture is more beautiful than that one.这张照片比那张照片漂亮.

This meeting is less important than that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要.

2)比较级and 比较级越来越...

more and more + 多音节词原形越来越...

fatter and fatter 越来越胖more and more beautiful 越来越漂亮

taller and taller 越来越高more and more important 越来越重要

3)the 比较级+ (句子),the 比较级+ (句子)越...就越...

The more we do sports, the healthier we are. 我们越运动,我们就越健康.

The more careful we are, the fewer we make mistakes.

我们越认真,我们犯错误就越少.

4)比较级+ than + any other + 名词单数

=比较级+ than + the other + 名词复数

Mike is taller than any other boy in his class.

= Mike is taller than the other boys in his class.

= Mike is the talest boy in his class.

备注:用much、a little、even等副词修饰比较级

The sun is much bigger than the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。

Tom is a little fatter than Jim. Tom比Jim胖一点点。

She is much more beautiful than Kate. 她比Kate漂亮得多。

3、形容词最高级的用法: (形容词最高级前常需用定冠词the修饰)

形容词最高级用于两个以上的人或物进行比较, 其结构形式为:

1)主语+ 谓语(系动词) + the + 形容词最高级+( 名词)+ 比较范围(in/ of all): She is the best student in her class. 她是班上最好的学生。

= She is better than any other student/ the other students in her class.

This is the most beautiful apple of all. 这是所有苹果中最大的苹果。

Li Lei is the youngest of the three. Li Lei是这三个中最年轻的.

He is the tallest of the boys in his class.

2)one of + the 最高级+ 名词复数

Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 上海是中国最大城市之一注:副词的最高级前面加the与不加皆可

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