2013年高考英语常用短语_句型归纳

高中英语常用短语及句型归纳

1．高考高频动词短语

（1）act短语：

act as 担任……职务，起……作用act for 代理（某人职务），代为（处理某事）act out 表演（对话、故事等）act up 捣乱，出毛病

（2）break短语：

break away 摆脱，脱离break away from …脱离……，奋力挣脱……

break down 出故障，坏掉，中止，失败累垮，分解

break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入break into …闯入……，破门而入

break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止

break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发

break out in tears 突然大哭break the rule 违反规定

break through 突围，冲跨break up 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开

（3）bring短语：

bring about 引起，导致，使发生bring along 把……带来，领来

bring back 拿回来，使恢复bring sb back 送回某人

bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒

（比较：sth / sb come back to life 复苏，苏醒）

bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下

bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价[比较：(the price ) go down / up 价格下降/上涨] bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收

bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进

bring out 拿出，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出

bring to 使苏醒

bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用

bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施……（比较：sth come / go into effect 开始实施）

bring up 抚养，培养，哺育

（4）call短语：

call at (sp) 访问（某地），拜访（某地）[比较：call on (sb) 拜访（某人），访问（某人）] call back 回电话

call for 提倡，号召，要求，需要，去接某人，接走某人

call / shout for help 呼救call in 请来，召集，来访，打电话

call off 取消call on / upon 号召

call out 大声呼喊，叫喊call sb…for short 简称某人……

call sb names 谩骂某人call up 给……打电话，使人想起，号召

（5）come短语：

come about 发生，产生come across 偶然相遇

come along 来，随同，进展，加油come at …向……袭击

come back 回来，想起来，复活come down 下来，下落，传下

come down to…到达，从一处来到另一处

come for…来拿，来取come from…来自，出生于

come in 进来，进入come into being 形成，产生

come into use 使用起来come off 脱落，从……离开

come on 过来，跟我来，加油，来吧，赶快

come on / upon sb / sth 偶然遇见，偶然碰上，偶然发现

come out 露出，出来，出现，出版，发（芽），（花）开

come over to…过来，顺便来访，从一个地方来到另一个地方

come round / around （非正式）来访，串门

come to …来到，出现，提及，达到，共计，结果是，苏醒

come to an end 结束，终止come to know 逐渐地知道

come to life （变得）活泼，苏醒过来come to light 显露，为人所知

come to oneself 苏醒过来，恢复知觉come to / into power 当权，上台

come / go to ruin = fall into ruin 变成废墟come to terms with…甘心忍受

come true 变为现实，成为事实

come up 被提出，上来，走来，上升，抬头，长出来

come up to sb 朝某人走来

come up with …提出，想出（主意），找出（答案），赶上

（6）cut短语：

cut away 切除，剪去cut down 砍倒，砍下，削减

cut in 插嘴，加塞，插入cut in line 插队

cut … into pieces / halves 把……切成碎片/切成两半

cut off 切断（线路），中断（供应）cut out 删除，剪下来

cut the cost of …降低……的成本cut up 切碎，剪碎，剁碎，齐根切掉（7）do短语：

do about 处理，应付do and don’t要与不要

do a good deed 做一件好事do a lot of walking 走很多路

do a test 做实验，做化验do a word puzzle 猜字谜

do an experiment / experiments 做实验do away with 废除

do body-building 做健身操do chores 处理琐事，干家务

do housework 做家务活do make-up 化妆，打扮

do observations 观察do one’s best 尽某人最大努力

do one’s homework 做作业do research on…从事……研究工作do sb a favour 帮某人一个忙

do sb honor = do honor to sb 礼遇某人，对某人表示敬意

do sb the favour to do sth 帮某人一个忙做某事

do some reading 读书，阅读，看点书

do some shopping = go shopping 购物，买东西

do sports = have / play sports = take exercise 进行体育运动，做运动，进行锻炼do sth in turn / by turns = take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事

do telephone interviews 进行电话采访

do the laundry 洗衣服

do up 打扮，梳妆，收拾，把（衣服，鞋子等）扣/系好

do up one’s shoes / hair 系好鞋带/梳好头

do up the button 扣纽扣

do well / better in…在……方面干得好/更好

do with 处理，处臵，对付

do wrong 做坏事，做错事（比较：do right = do the right thing 做得对）

（8）get短语：

get a better understanding of China 更好地了解中国

get a full mark / full marks 得满分get a lot of satisfaction 得到满足

get at 意指，本意是get around = get about 四处走动，活动

get away 移走，拿走，逃脱，逃离get away from 逃脱，逃离

get back 回来，回家，取回，找回，退还

get close to 接近get down 下来，降下

get down on one’s knees 跪下get down to (doing) sth 开始（做）某事）get in 进入，收获，达到get in a word 插话

get into…进入……get sb into…使某人陷入

get it 接（电话），应（门），理解，懂得get off 下车，脱下（衣服等）

get on 上车，过活get on / along with…进展，与……相处get on one’s feet （艰难地）站立起来get out 离开，出去

get out of 逃避，避免get over 克服，恢复，原谅

get up 起床，起身get across 理解，度过

get through 接通（电话），完成（工作），通过（考试）

get to 到达，抵达get to sleep 入睡，设法睡着

get / gain / take possession of 占有，拥有，占领

get ready for 为……做准备

（比较：be ready for = be well prepared for = be in preparation for 为……做好了准备）get rid of 除掉，去掉get sb to do 让某人做

get the idea for…想到……的主意get the message across 传播信息

get together 相聚，碰头，联欢

get / be used to sth 习惯于……，适应于……

（比较：be used as sth 被用作……

be used for sth 被用于……，用来做……

be used to do sth 被用于做……

used to do sth 过去常常做）

get / be dressed 穿衣服

get / be engaged (to sb) （与某人）订婚

get / be lost 丢失了，迷路

get / be married (to sb) = marry (sb) （与某人）结婚

get / be stuck 陷进去，被困住，被难住，遇到困难

get / be tired of 对……感到厌倦，对……失去兴趣

（比较：get / be tired for 因……而感到疲倦）

（9）give短语：

give away 赠送，给予，背弃，泄露，分发

give back 归还，送回give in 投降，让步，屈服

give off 释放，发出，放出(烟、光、热等)

give out 用完，耗尽，分发，发放give over = hand over 转交，移交

give up 放弃，辞去give a concert 开音乐会

give a desc ription of…描述……give / make a speech 演讲，讲话

give a talk 演讲，做报告give birth to 生婴儿，生产，造成

give close attention to 密切关注give medical care to sb 对某人进行治疗

give shade in summer 夏天时遮阳give / lend sb a hand 给某人帮助

give sb a message = give a message to sb 给某人捎个口信

give sb a second look 再看某人一眼give sb a warm welcome 热烈欢迎某人

give sb some advice on sth / doing sth / how to do sth 就……向某人提出建议/忠告（10）go短语：

go abroad 出国go about 四处走走，开始做，着手干

go about from house to house 挨/逐家拜访 go against 违反，违背

go ahead 说吧，干吧，领先，走在前面go / walk around 四处走走

go away 走开，离去go back 回去

go beyond 超越go by 走过，经过，（时间）消逝，过去go down 下来，落下，倒下go down on one’s knees跪下

go for 为……去，努力获取，主张，适用于

go for a hike = go hiking 去徒步旅行

go for a job interview 去面试找工作go for a walk / walks 散步

go for sb 对某人也一样go in for 参加，喜欢

go into 详细调查go into details 细说

go off 走开，离去，（闹钟）闹响go off to = be off to = leave for 动身去

go off the air 停止广播（比较：go on the air 开始广播）

go on 发生，进行，继续go / be on diet 在节食

go on (a) holiday 去度假go on a tour to 去……观光（游览）

go on a visit to 去……访问（参观）

go on doing sth 继续做某事（同一事）

[比较：go on to do sth 继续做某事（另一事）

go on with sth 继续某事]

go out 熄灭，出去，外出go over 复习，过一遍，仔细检查，审阅go past 从……的旁边过去go up 上升，上涨，增长，攀登

go with…与……相配

go without 忍受没有……之苦，没有……也行，没有……也能勉强应付

go shopping / fishing / sailing / camping / skating 去购物/钓鱼/驾船航行/宿营/滑冰

go straight along 沿着……一直往前走

go through 通过，经受，浏览，仔细检查 go through with 完成

go to bed （上床）睡觉go to school / work 上学/上班

go to sea 当水手go to sleep 入睡

go to town 进城go to a movie 去看电影

go to the country(side) 下乡go home / there 回家/去那儿

go to see a doctor 去看病，去看医生go bad 变坏

go wrong 出毛病，不对头，做错事，误入歧途

go Dutch 各付各的帐，平摊费用

（11）have短语：

have a break 休息一下have a bright future 有一个灿烂的未来

have (got) a cold / cough / headache / fever 感冒/咳嗽/头疼/发烧

have a conversation with sb 与某人交谈

[比较：have a dialogue with sb 与某人对话

have a talk with sb (about sth) （就某事）与某人进行交流

have a word with sb = would like a word with sb 和某人谈几句，跟某人说句话] have a gift for…对……有天赋（比较：have a reputation for…有……名誉/名声）

have a good flight （坐飞机）旅途愉快

have a good knowledge of …对……很熟悉，通晓……

have a good laugh over…对……笑了个够

have a good / great / wonderful time = have (great) fun 玩得（非常）高兴，过得愉快

have a / the habit of …= be in a / the habit of…有……的习惯

（比较：get into / form the habit of…养成……的习惯

get sb into the habit of…使某人养成……的习惯）

have a hit 风靡一时have a large population 人口众多

have / take a look 看一看have a meeting / party 开会/举行晚会

have a nice / pleasant trip / journey 祝旅途愉快

have (got ) a pain (in the…)（身体某部位）痛

have a part-time job 做兼职工作have a (good) rest 休息

have / take a seat 坐下（比较：have / take one’s seat 坐某人的座位）

have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼have a sweet tooth 喜欢吃甜食

have a swim 游泳have a table tennis match 举行一场乒乓球比赛have a test 进行测验have a try 试一试

have / show an appetite for…有……的欲望或爱好

have / make an appointment with sb 和某人有预约, 和某人有约定

have an effect on / upon…对……有影响，对……产生作用

（比较：influence… = affect …对……有影响

have no effect / influence on …对……没有影响

have a good / bad effect on …对……有好/坏影响

have a great / little effect on …对……有很大的影响/影响不大

have a strong influence on…对……有很大影响）

have / take an exam 参加考试have an eye for 有眼力，有眼光

have an income of …有……的收入

have access to …使用（接近……的）权利或机会

have breakfast / lunch / supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭

have lessons / classes 上课

have mercy on…宽恕……，对……仁慈，对……表示怜悯

have no chance of surviving 没有生存的可能性

have no choice but to do sth 别无选择，只好做某事

have none of …根本不理睬……have on 穿着

have sth on sb 某人身上带着某物have / take one’s medicine 服药，吃药

have some difficulty / trouble / problems with …在……有困难/麻烦事

[比较：have some difficulty / trouble / problems (in ) doing sth 做某事有困难/麻烦]

have something / nothing in common (with…) （与……）有共同点／没有共同之处

（比较：have much / a lot in common with…与……有许多相同之处

have little in common with…与……几乎没有相同之处）

have something / nothing to do with …与……有关／无关

have to = have got to 不得不，必须

（12）hold短语：

hold a meeting / party 开会/举行晚会hold back 退缩，踌躇，阻挡，控制住

hold one’s breath屏息，不出气hold on 等一等，不要挂电话

hold on to 抓住，保住hold out 伸出，坚持下去，维持

hold up 阻挡，使停顿，举起，拿起，阻滞

hold together 连在一起，团结一致

（13）keep短语：

keep away from 避开，别靠近keep back 隐瞒，忍住，阻止……向前，留下

keep down 控制keep off 勿踏，勿踩

keep off sb / sth 不接触或不接近某人/某事物

keep on 继续进行keep out 不得入内

keep…out 把……挡住，把……留在外面keep out of …不进入……

keep up 继续，保持，坚持，使（情绪等）不低落

keep up with… = catch up with…跟上，赶上

keep a date 赴约keep a healthy diet 保持健康的饮食

keep a record / records 保持记录

keep an eye on 注视，留心，注意，照顾

（比较：keep an eye out for 注视，留心，注意）

keep busy doing 忙着做某事keep fit 保持健康

keep…in mind =learn…by heart = remember…把……记住

keep (on) doing sth 继续不停地做某事

[比较：keep sb doing sth 使某人一直/继续做某事

keep … from doing 阻止……做，不让……做

stop / prevent… (from) doing 妨碍/预防/阻止……做，不让……做]

keep one’s appointment 守约（比较：break one’s appointment 违约）

keep one’s balance 保持平衡keep one’s word(s) 遵守诺言

keep safe 保持安全keep silent over …对……保持沉默

keep the same look 保持原貌keep watch 保持警戒，站岗

（14）knock短语：

knock at /on 敲打（门、窗等）knock down 把……撞倒，击倒

knock into 撞到，撞上某人，偶然碰见knock sb out (of sth) 淘汰某人knock over 撞翻，撞倒（15）look短语：

look at 看着，注视，检查

look at oneself in the mirror = admire oneself in the mirror 照镜子

look after 照顾，照料，照看look ahead 向前看，展望未来

look around / about 四处看看，四下环顾look back 回首，回忆，回顾过去

look back on…回顾……，回忆……

look forward to sth /doing sth 盼望，期盼某事物/做某事

look for 寻找，找look in 来访，参观

look into…往……里面看，浏览，调查，研究

look (right) into sb’s eyes 直视着

look like…看起来像……（比较：look the same 看起来像）

look on 旁观，观望

look out = be careful = take care 留神，当心，注意，警惕，提防

look out for 警惕，留心，找出来look over…翻阅，（仔细）检查

look through 看透，仔细查看，浏览，翻阅，温习

look up 仰视，往上看，（在字典或参考书中）查阅，查寻

look up to sb 敬仰，仰望，尊敬（比较：look down on / upon sb 瞧不起，鄙视，轻视）

look / be worried 看上去/感到担心

（16）make短语：

make into 制成，作成（后面跟产品，制成品）

[比较：be made in 在……生产/制造

be made of 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（物理变化）

be made from 由……组成/构成，用某种原材料制成（化学变化）

be made up of = consist of 由……组成，由……构成]

make out 理解，看清楚

make up 化妆，打扮，和解，配制，编造，虚构，构成，组成

make up for 弥补，补充，补偿made up one’s mind 下决心

make a choice 做出选择make a commitment 承诺，保证

make a comment / comments (on / upon…) （对……）发表评论

make a (great) contribution to…为……做出（巨大）贡献，为……捐款

make a decision 做出决定make a (no) difference （没）有关系/影响make a face / faces 扮鬼脸make a fire 生火

make a film / blockbuster／follow-ups 拍电影/巨片／续集

make a fool of sb = fool sb 愚弄某人（比较：make fool of …愚弄）

make / leave / create a good impression (on sb) （给某人）留下好印象

make a mistake / mistakes 犯错误

make (a) noise 制造噪音，发出令人不愉快的声音

make a note / notes of…记录，做笔记，记下来

make a plan (for… ) （为……）制订计划，制订一个（……的）计划

make a point of doing sth 认为做某事重要或有必要

make a promise 承诺

make a record 录制唱片，做记录

（比较：record a song 录一首歌

set a world record 创造世界记录）

make (a) suggestion (on …) 提出（关于……）的建议

make a telephone call 打电话make / take a trip / journey to …去某地旅行make conversation 交谈make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵

make friends with sb 与某人交朋友make fun of…取笑，嘲笑，和……开玩笑make it（事业上）获得成功

make jokes about sb 拿某人开玩笑，以某人为笑柄

make mistake about…犯了……错误make / earn money 挣钱

make oneself at home 不拘束，别客气make oneself known 使/让自己出名

make one’s way to…往……走去make progress (in …) （在……方面）取得进步make sense 有意义，有道理，讲得通make sense of…弄懂……的意思

make sth to (one’s own) measure （按自己的尺寸）定做

make sure 确保，确认，查明

make the adjustment to…适应……make the / one’s bed 整理床铺

make (full) use of …= make the most / best of … (充分)利用

（17）pass短语：

pass away 去世，死（委婉说法）pass by 通过，从旁边经过

pass down 传下来，流传，使世代相传，一代一代传下去

pass on (to sb) 转交给(某人)，传给(某人)

pass on from one generation to the next 一代代流传下来

pass out 失去知觉，昏厥pass through 穿过，越过

pass sth from one to another 把某事物从一人传到另一人手上

pass the examination 通过考试

（18）pay短语：

pay attention to …对……注意，留心……

pay a visit to sb / a place 访问，拜访（某人），参观（某地）

pay back 偿还（借款），报答，报复

pay for 付款，付费，付代价（比较：pay a high price for …付高价）

pay off 还清（欠款）

pay sb a visit 拜访某人

pay the bill 买单，付帐单

（19）pick短语：

pick out 挑选，认出

pick up 拾起，接收，学会（语言），开车去接，康复，购买（便宜商品）

（20）put短语：

put away 将某物收拾起来，存钱，储存，存起来

put down 扑灭，平息，镇压，记下

put forward 提出，建议，推荐put off 延期，拖延

put on （戏）上演，放（唱片），穿戴put on a performance 演出

put out 扑灭，熄灭，使……停止燃烧，伸出，出版，生产

put up 挂起，张贴，举起，抬起，搭起，建立

put up with 忍受，容忍put into 使进入，输入，投入

put／translate…into 把……译成put one’s heart into…全神贯注于……

put sb in / into prison 把某人关进监狱put …to use 使用……，运用……

put a date to sth 注明日期

（比较：set / fix the date 确定日期

to date 到目前为止）

put an end to …结束……put …together 把……放在一起

（21）send短语：

send away 让走开send for sb 派人去请某人，请某人来

send in 寄送某处进行处理send out 派遣，发出（信号、通知等）

send up 发射，射出，往上送send sb to sleep 让某人睡觉

send signals by …通过……发送信号

（22）set短语：

set about (doing) sth 着手，开始set aside 留出，搁/放在一边

set down 放下，记下set off 出发，起程，引起爆炸，激起，引起set out (for…) 出发往（……），动身去（……）

set out to do 开始做，着手做set up 创立，设立，开办，竖起，支起

set /give a (good) example to…为……树立（好）榜样

set a goal 设定目标set fire to sth = set sth on fire 纵火，放火烧set foot on / in…踏上……，到达，进入 set one’s mind to do sth 一心想做

set sail for 起航去……set sail from 从……起航

set sb a good example in …在……为某人树立榜样

set sb free 释放某人，解放某人

（23）stand短语：

stand by sb = support sb = take sb’s side 支持某人

stand for 代表，表示，象征，容忍，支持/拥护，为……的候选人

stand out 突出，显眼stand up 起立，站起来

stand still = stay still 站着不动

（24）take短语：

take after 与某人相像take along 带领，携带

take … apart = separate … 把……分开take away 拿走，拿去，使离开

take away from…从……带／拿走take back 退回，拿回，收回

take down 拿下，记下，记录take for…当作……，误以为是……

take in 吸收，接纳，上当

take off （飞机）起飞，脱掉（衣帽/鞋），成名，成功，很快上升，开始流行/畅销take on 呈现take out 拿出，取出

take over 继承，接管，接替

take up 从事，开始，专注于，占去（时间、空间、地位等）

take a bank loan 向银行贷款take a bath 洗澡

take a chance / chances 碰运气，冒险

take a critical attitude towards…对……持批判态度

take a few deep breaths 深呼吸take / have a degree in …取得……学位take a hands-on approach to education 通过动手实践的方式来进行接受教育

take a message (to sb) （给某人）捎个口信

比较：leave a message (to sb) （给某人）留个口信

take a photo (of …) （给……）照相，拍（……）照片

take a risk / risks 冒险take a shower 沐浴，洗澡

take a sip 呡一小口take a taxi to... = go to ...by taxi 乘出租车take a walk / ride / holiday 散步／兜风／休假

take (an) interest in … 对……感兴趣

（比较：be into = be interested in 对……感兴趣

have / show interest in 对……感兴趣）

take advantage of 对……加以利用

take … by surprise对……突然袭击，出乎……意料

take care 小心, 注意take care of 照顾，照看

take effect 生效，奏效take exercise 运动，活动

take … for example 以……为例take / get / catch hold of 握住，抓住

take it easy 放心好了，别着急，从容，不紧张

take ... into consideration 顾及，考虑到，体谅

（比较：under consideration 在考虑中，在研究中）

take lessons 上课take notes 做笔记，做记录

take notice of 注意

take one’s seat 就座，坐在自己位子上（转义为就职）

take one’s time 从容，不急，慢慢行动[比较：take time 花费（时间）]

take part 参加

（比较：take part in… = join in… = participate in…参加……

take an active part in…积极参加……）

take place 发生，出现，举行

[比较：take th e place of … = take sb’s place 取代，代替（某人的位臵）]

take pride in …= be proud of…对……感到自豪

take responsibility for … = be responsible for …对……负起责任

take sb in the arms 拥抱，搂抱

take / hold / keep sb prisoner 囚禁/俘虏某人

（比较：sb be taken / held / kept prisoner 某人被囚禁/俘虏）

take sb seriously 看重某人

take sb some time to do sth 花费某人……时间去做某事

take sb’s temperature 给某人量体温take sth along with sb 随身携带某物

take shelter 躲避

take sides with sb in sth 在某事上支持/偏袒某人

take steps / measures / action to do sth 采取措施做某事，采取（……的）行动

take turns to do sth / in doing sth 轮流做某事

（25）think短语：

think about 思考，考虑（是否去做）

think of 想到，想起，认为，对……有看法/想法

think out 想出think over 仔细考虑

think through…思考……直到得出结论think up 提出，想出，设计出

think twice 再三考虑，仔细考虑

think highly / well of = speak highly of = sing high praise for 对……高度评价（26）turn短语：

turn against 转而反对，背叛turn around / round 转身，转过来

turn … away 赶走……，辞退……，把……打发走

turn on 打开（灯，气，水，电器等）turn off 关掉（灯，气，水，电器等）turn up 把音量开大，卷起，翻起，发生，出现，到达

turn down 关小/调低（音量／热度），拒绝

turn over 把……翻过来，翻动，犁翻（土地），细想

turn in 交进，上缴，归还turn into 变成

turn…into…把……变成……，转变成turn to…转向……，向……求助，查阅turn out 结果是，生产turn out to be 被证明是, 结果是

turn right / left 向右/向左拐turn writer = become a writer 成为作家2．以介词或副词为中心的动词短语（便于强化记忆）

（l）动词+about

speak／talk about 谈论

think about 思考

care about 关心，对……有兴趣

bring about 引起，使发生

set about 着手，开始

come about 发生

hear about 听说

worry about 为……担心

（2）动词+at

aim at 向……瞄准，旨在

run at 冲向，向……攻击

call at 拜访(地点)

tear at 用力撕

look at 看，注视

work at 干……活动（研究）come at 向……袭击

shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷

stare at 凝视

glare at 怒视

glance at 匆匆一瞥

laugh at 嘲笑

knock at 敲（门、窗等）point at 指向

smile at 冲（某人）笑strike at 向……打击

shoot at 向……射击wonder at 惊讶

（3）动词+away

die away 逐渐消失

put away 收拾起来，存起来pass away 去世

wash away 冲走

take away 拿走

give away 背弃，泄漏

send away 让走开

turn away 把……打发走wear away 磨掉，消耗throw away 扔掉

blow away 吹走

carry away 拿走，使入迷clear away 清除掉，消散break away 摆脱

（4）动词+back

keep back 隐瞒，忍住

hold back 控制住

give back 归还

call back 回电话

take back 拿回，收回

look back(on) 回顾

（5）动词+down

cut down 削减，砍倒

put down 记下，写下，镇压take down 记下，记录

turn down 调小，拒绝

slow down 慢下来

pass down 传下来

calm down 平静下来

burn down 烧毁

tear down 拆毁，拆除

come down 下落，传下

break down 坏了，垮了，分解

bring down 使……降低，使倒下

settle down 安家

（6）动词+from

die from 因……而死

hear from 收到……来信

learn from 向……学习

differ from 与……不同

suffer from 受……苦

result from 由于

separate…from 把……分离开

keep／stop／prevent…from 不让……做

date from=date back to 始于……时期，追溯到（7）动词+for

run for 竞选

ask for 要求得到

beg for 乞求

wait for 等候

look for 寻找

call for 需要，要求

hunt for 寻找

long for 渴望

care for 关心，喜欢

seek for 寻找

come for 来拿，来取

apply for 申请

stand for 代表，表示

search for 查找

change…for 用……换

charge…for 收费，要价

take…for 误以为……是

hope/wish for 希望得到

（8）动词十in

get in 收获，进入

fill in 填写

cut in 插入

join in 参加

look in 来访，参观

hand in 上交

drop in 拜访

give in 让步

take in 接纳，吸收

call in 召集，来访

bring in 引进，使得到收入break in 强制进入，插话

result in 导致

succeed in 在……获成功

persist in 坚持

（9）动词十into

run into 碰到

look into 研究，调查，往里面看burst into 闯入，进发

turn into 变成

change…into 把……变成divide…into 把……分成

put／translate…into 把……译成（l0）动词+of

die of 死于

talk of 谈到

hear of 听说

think of 想到

dream of 梦到

speak of 谈到

consist of 由……组成

approve of 赞成

complain of 抱怨

become of 发生……情况，怎么啦（l1）动词+out

go out 熄灭

set out 出发，着手

try out 试用，试验

put out 扑灭

run out 用完

let out 泄漏，发出(声音)

pick out 选出

hold out 坚持下去

wear out 穿破，使……疲劳make out 理解，看清楚

keep out(of) 使不进入，挡住

find out 查出，弄明白

work out 算出，想出办法等send out 发出，派遣

give out 散发，分发，用完

look out 当心，提防

hand out 散发，分发

help out 救助

turn out 结果是，生产

come out 出版，出来

cross out 划掉

burst out 进发

carry out 执行

break out 爆发

point out 指出

figure out 算出

bring out 阐明，使表现出

leave out 省略，删掉

speak out 大胆讲出

（l2）动词+over

go over 审阅，检查，研究

get over 克服

run over 压死，看一遍

take over 接管，接替

turn over 翻倒，细想

fall over 跌倒，摔倒

roll over 翻滚

look over 翻阅，检查

think over 仔细考虑

watch over 看守，照看

（l3）动词十to

add to 增添

get to 到达

see to 处理，料理

turn to 向……求助，查阅

come to 共计，苏醒

lead to 导致，通向

reply to 答复

refer to 谈到，涉及，参阅

bring to 使苏醒

agree to 同意

object to 反对

point to 指向

write to 写信给

relate to 理解，同情，涉及，（与……）有关attend to 处理

belong to 属于

supply…to 为……提供

devote…to 贡献给

stick／hold／keep to 坚持，忠于compare…to 与……相比，把……比作

（l4）三词以上的短语动词

do well in 在……干得好

make up for 弥补

look down on / upon 轻视

break away from 摆脱

keep away from 避开，别靠近

do away with 废除

put up with 忍受

catch up with = keep up with 赶上

fill up with 用……装满

go on with 继续

get on / along with 和……相处

look forward to 盼望

look up to 仰望，尊敬

add up to 总计

live up to 依据……行事；做到；不辜负（期望）

get close to 接近

get down to 认真开始

set fire to 放火烧

pay attention to 注意

pay a visit to 访问

take / get / catch hold of 握住

run out of 用完

get out of 逃避，避免

take notice of 注意

take a photo of 拍……照片

take the place of 取代

set an example to 为……树立榜样

3、其他常用短语（按字母表顺序）

（1）Aa

a balance diet 均衡饮食 a best-seller 畅销书

a bit = a little = a little bit 少许，一点儿，有点儿，稍微

a bit of 一点，少量（修饰不可数名词）

[ 比较：a few 一些，少量（修饰可数名词）

a great deal of 许多（修饰不可数名词）

a great / good many = scores of 许多，大量（修饰可数名词）

a handful of 一把，少量的，少数（修饰可数或不可数名词）

a large / great amount of = large amounts of 许多（修饰不可数名词）

a large quantity of = large quantities of 许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）

a lot of = lots of 许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）

a mass of = masses of 大量，许多（修饰可数或不可数名词）

a (large / great) number of = large / huge numbers of 大量的，许多（修饰可数名词）

plenty of 大量的，很多，足够的（修饰可数或不可数名词）

a bunch of flowers 一束花 a cloud of 一团

a couple of 一对/双，两三个，一些，几个

a couple of days / weeks 两三天/周 a cup of 一杯

a day or two = one or two days 一两天 a deserted island 荒岛

a healthy diet = a diet of healthy food(s) 健康的饮食

a highly-developed country 高度发达的国家

a kind of 一种，一类 a laid-off worker 下岗工人

a large sum of money 一大笔钱 a length of …长……

a list of 一张……的清单 a live concert 现场直播的音乐会

a natural disaster 自然灾害 a packet of 一盒，一捆，一包

a pair of 一双，一副 a piece of 一件，一块，一张

a row of 一排，一行 a series of 一系列的，一连串，一套

a set of 一套，一副 a shortage of teachers 教师资源的缺乏

a third of = one third of 三分之一 a total failure 一个彻底的失败者

a total of 总数（量）为 a two-day trip 一次两天的旅行

a variety of = varieties of = various 种种的，种类繁多的

a waste of (time) 白费(时间)，浪费(时间) a man of name 知名人士

a world of magic and wonders 充满魔力和神奇的世界

after all 毕竟，终究after a short while 不久以后，没多久

after a time 一段时间以后after class / work / school 下课/下班/放学之后all alone = all by oneself 独自，独立all at once = all of a sudden 突然，忽然

all day = all day long 全天，终日all in all 总共，总的来说

all kinds / sorts of 各种各样的all night long 整夜，通宵

all one’s life终身，一生all over 到处，遍及，结束

all over the world / country = throughout the world / country 整个世界/全国

all right 好吧，行了，（病）好了all the best 祝一切顺利，万事如意

all the same 一样，同样的all the time 一直

all the way 一路上，一直all together 一起，总共

all (the) year round = all through the year= throughout the year 一年四季，一年到头

an invitation to…一张……的请柬/请贴an expert on ………方面的专家

as a consequence / result 结果，因此

as a consequence / result of 作为（……的）结果，由于……的结果

as a whole 普遍来说，作为整体as … as 像，如同

as … as possible = as…as one can尽可能……地

as far as （表示程度，范围）就/尽……（=so far as），远至

as far as I know 就我所知，据我所知as follows如下（用以列举事项）

as if = as though 好像，似乎，仿佛（比较：even if = even though 虽然，即使，尽管）as long as 只要（= so long as引导条件状语从句），长达

as much / many as 多达as soon as 一……就……

as soon as possible 尽快，尽可能早地as to / for 至于，关于，就……而言

as usual 像往常一样as well 也/还有(= too)，同样地，例外

as well as = together with = and 也，以及，和，还，而且

as with ... 也一样，就像……

at all 根本（否定句），到底（疑问句），竟然（条件从句）

at a loss 茫然，不知所措at an early age 年轻时

at any moment / time 随时

[ 比较：after a moment = after a while / minute 过了一会儿

a moment ago = just now 刚才，不久以前

a moment later 片刻之后

at the moment = at the time 此刻，现在，在那时

at the very moment 就在那一刹那

for a moment = for a while / minute 一会儿

for the moment = for the time being 暂时，目前

in a moment = in a while /minute / second 过一会儿，立刻，马上

the moment / minute (that) ... 一……就……]

at any risk 不顾一切

[比较：at risk 处于危险中

at the risk of (doing sth) 冒着（可能做某事）的危险

take / run a risk / risks 冒险

risk one’s life (to do sth) 冒着生命危险（做某事）

risk doing sth 冒险做某事）]

at birth 出生时，一生下来就at breakfast 在吃早饭

at hand 近在手边，在附近at home 在家

(at) home and abroad 在国内外at last 终于，最后

at length 最后，终于，详细地at midnight 在半夜

at night 在夜里，天黑时at noon 在中午

at once = right away = right now 马上，立即

at one go 一口气at present = at the present time 现在, 目前

at sea 在海上，航海中，茫然

（比较：by sea 乘船

by the sea 在海边

in the sea 在海里

on the sea 在海面上）

at stake 在危险中at such a great height 在如此高的高度

at table 在吃饭（比较：at the table 在桌前）

at times 偶尔，有时

（比较：at that time 那时

at the same time = meanwhile 同时

at the correct / wrong / best time of year 在一年里合适/不合适/最佳时候）

at various academic levels 不同的学术层次

at war 处于战争/交战状态at work 忙于工作

at the age of ... 在……岁的时候at the art festival 在艺术节上，在艺术节期间at the base 在底部

at the (very) beginning of ... 在……开始时，在……之初

at the bottom of 在……下端/底部at the cost of 以……为代价

at the end of 在……末端，到……结束时

at the foot of 在……的脚下at the front desk 在前台，在服务台

at the head of 在……最前面at a high /low price 以高/低价

at the latest 最迟

at (the) least 至少[比较：at (the) most 最多]

at the mercy of 任由……摆布/控制，在……的掌握中

at the opening /closing (ceremony) of ... 在……开/闭幕式上

at the rate of 以……的比率at the side of 在……的旁边

at the speed of 以……速度（比较：at full / high speed 高速）

at the top of one’s voice 大声地at the weekend 在周末

accept … as…认为……是……，承认……是……，把……当作……

[比较：regard … as…认为……是

treat … as…把……当作

recognize … as…认为……是……

view / see / know … as…认为……是……

consider … as …/ consider … (to be…)认为……是……

look on … as…视……为

refer to … as…把……视为

think of… as… / think … (to be…)认为……是……]

accept sb’s apology 接受某人的道歉

accuse sb of sth / doing sth 指控某人为……/ 做某事

achieve one’s goal达到目的achieve success 获得成功

act as 担任，充当adapt to （改变以）适应

adapt oneself to 使自己适应于adapt to the new environment 适应新环境

add to 增加，添加add …to…把……加到……上

add up 加起来add up to 总计达到

adjust to （调整以）适应adjust to these extreme conditions 适应极限条件admire sb as…钦佩某人是……

admire sb for…钦佩某人的……，因……钦佩某人

advance the deadline 提前最后期限advance towards…朝……前进

advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事

agree with sb / sb’s opinion / sb’s idea 同意某人（意见，看法），与某人看法一致

[ 比较：agree on sth 对……达成共识

agree to (the plan) 同意（计划等）]

aim at 向……瞄准，旨在，针对allow for 顾及，为……做准备

answer for… 对……负责

apologize to sb (for sth) = make an apology to sb (for sth) （因某事）向某人道歉

appeal to 有吸引力，呼吁，上诉appeal to their emotions 投合他们的喜好

apply for 申请，请求apply to 应用，适用

appoint sb as…任命某人当……approve of 赞成

argue about 争论某事argue with sb about sth 因某事和某人争执/争论arrive in / at 到达某地ask after sb 问候某人

ask for 要求得到ask for a day off 请一天假

ask for a leave 请假associate…with…把……与……联系起来attach to 加在……之上，使喜爱，使依恋，参加，附着

attempt to do sth 试图做某事attend school / university 上学/上大学

attend the meeting 出席会议attend to 处理，照顾，关照，倾听

attract / draw / call sb’s attention 吸引某人注意

above all 首要的是，尤其是according to 根据

action film / movie 动作片advanced mathematics 高等数学

again and again 一次又一次，一再，反复

against the wall 靠着墙

ahead of…优于，超过，比……早，在……的前面

alarm clock 闹钟along with…和……一起

and so on 等等and things like that ……之类的东西

another day 改天any more 再，又

apart from 除……都，除……以外

around the corner 在拐角处，即将来临

（比较：on the way = in store 即将来临

draw near 即将来临，就要来临，逼近）

（2）Bb

be after 寻找，追踪，追求be /act against 违背，违反，反对

be from 从……来，是……人be next to 在……隔壁，紧挨着……

be off / leaving 离开be out （灯火）熄灭，（人）外出

be out of 没有，用完be up 起床

be up against 面对be up to sb 由某人决定

be up to sth 忙于某事，从事于be upon 逼近，临近

be anxious about …为……而忧虑/着急/担心

（比较：be anxious for …渴望，非常希望

be concerned about / for…为……而忧虑/着急/担心

be concerned about / with…对……关切/关注/感兴趣）

be careful about / of / with sth 注意，留意，当心

[比较：be careful (not) to do sth 小心（不）做某事]

be clear about 对……清楚be crazy about 对……着迷

be curious about = have the curiosity about 对……感到好奇

be excited about 对……感到兴奋be particular about 对……挑剔

be amazed at 为……感到惊讶be experienced at 对……有经验

be present at 出席be shocked at 对……感到震惊

be common for 对……来说是很普通的

be eager for … = long for… = be dying for…渴望得到……

（比较：be eager to do sth 急着想做某事）

be famous for 因……而闻名，由于……而出名

（比较：be famous as 作为……而闻名

be famous to 对……来说很出名）

be fit for = be suitable for 适合

be good / bad for sb 对……有好处/坏处

（比较：be good at 善于……，擅长于……，在……方面做得好

be good to sb 对某人友好

do good to sb = do sb good 对某人有好处

do harm to sb = do sb harm = harm sb = be harmful to sb 对某人有害，伤害某人）be honored for…因……受到尊敬be intended for 为了

be late for 迟到（比较：be late with sth 某事做得晚）

be to blame for 因……受到责备be carved in rock 被刻在岩石上

be caught in (a rain / a traffic jam / the earthquake) 突然/偶然遇到（雨/交通堵塞/地震）be confident in 在……方面自信be effective in 在……方面有效

be fluent in (a language) 在（某一门语言）方面很流利

be lost in = lose oneself in 沉浸于，沉醉于be poor / low in 在……方面不足

be quick in mind and action 思维敏捷行动迅速

be rich / high in 在……方面丰富be set in 以……为背景

be strong in heart and mind 意志坚强，头脑聪明

be trapped in 被困在……（比较：be trapped by 被……所困）

be afraid of = be terrified of 害怕，恐惧（比较：be afraid to do 害怕去做，不敢做）be ashamed of 为……感到羞愧/惭愧be aware of 意识到，知道

be fond of = care for = like = enjoy 爱好，喜欢

be full of = be filled with 充满了，装满be jealous of 嫉妒

be short of = be lacking in 缺乏，缺少be sure of / about 对……有把握

be uncertain of / about 对……没把握be accustomed to (doing) sth 习惯于……

be addicted to 沉溺于

be loyal to = be faithful to = be devoted to 忠诚于

be opened to 向……开放

be reduced to 30% 减少到百分之30%（指最后的结果）

[比较：be reduced by 30% 减少了百分之30%（指与原来相对而言）]

be similar to 与……相似，与……相像be angry with sb for sth 因某事生某人的气be armed with 以……武装be burdened with 为……所累

be busy with sth 忙于某事

（比较：be busy doing sth 忙于做某事

be occupied with sth 忙于某事

be occupied in doing sth 忙于做某事）

be covered with / by 被……所覆盖be crowded with 挤/塞满了……

be diagnosed with 被诊断为

be equipped with 具有，装有……设备，为……做好准备

be faced with 面临……，面对……be familiar with 对……很熟悉

be fed up with 对……感到厌倦be honest with 对……诚实

be mean with 对……吝啬

be pleased / satisfied with 对……感到满意

（比较：be content with 对……感到满意，满足于……

be content to do sth 愿意做某事）

be popular with 受到……的欢迎be pressed with 被刻印/铸压上

be strict with sb 对某人严格要求（比较：be strict in sth 对某事严格要求）

be surrounded with / by 被……围绕be about to do sth 正要做某事

be delighted to do sth 高兴做某事

be determined to do = determine / decide to do sth 决心做……

be due to do sth 预定/到期应该做某事（比较：due to sth 因为/由于……）

be forced to do sth 被迫做某事be free to do sth 任意去做，悉听尊便

be likely to do sth 很有可能做某事be supposed to do 被认为/被期望/应该做某事be willing to do = like to do 愿意做某事be able to do 能，会

be absent from 缺席，旷课be asleep 睡着（比较：be awake 醒着）

be awarded a Nobel Prize 获得诺贝尔奖

be badly off 潦倒，贫困（比较：be well off 富有）

be badly treated 受到虐待be born 出生，出世

be / become endangered 频临危险

be in contact with 与……有交往

（比较：make contact with 与……联络

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