2020届高考英语总复习(练习)：专题2第10讲特殊句式版含答案

第十讲特殊句式

句式结构需把握

Ⅰ示之以范 ____________________________________________________原则这样运用1．(2017·天津卷)It was when I got back to my apartment ____________ I first came

across my new neighbors.

that 解析：此处是“It is/was...that...”强调句式，强调的是when引导的时间状语从句，故填that。

2．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)It could be anything—gardening, cooking, music, sports—but whatever it is，____________(make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.

make 解析：句中动词短语置于句首，构成祈使句，故用动词原形。

3．(2016·天津卷)You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel ____________

the coach picks up tourists.

that 解析：本题考查强调句型。at the hotel是被强调部分，缺少强调句式中的that，故填that。

4．(2017·陕西西安八校联考)As far as I can see, ____________ is no possibility that

he will win the tennis match this time.

there 解析：句意：依我看，他没有赢得这次网球比赛的可能性。There is no possibility that...意为“没有……的可能性”，为there be 句型。故填there。

5．There is a house near the river.There lives a man i n the house and there ____________ (be) a lot of fish in the river.

are 解析：此处表示河里有很多鱼。此处fish指的是鱼不是鱼肉，fish单复数同形，故谓语动词用复数are。

6．You should be fully prepared before going walking in the mountain.Above all，____________(bring)plenty of drinking water with you.

bring 解析：分析句子结构可知后一句缺少谓语，此处为祈使句结构。句意：去山里散步之

前，你应该做好充分的准备。最重要的是，要带足够多的饮用水。

Ⅱ通关点击 ____________________________________________________原则这样解读

1．强调句式

(1)强调句式的常用结构

陈述句：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who...

一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who...?

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that...?

It is/was not until...＋that...

It is only by listening to and understanding each other that problems between

parents and children can be settled.

只有通过倾听和相互理解，孩子和父母之间的问题才可能被解决。

It was not u ntil twelve o’clock last night that I went to bed.

昨天晚上我一直到十二点才睡。

Was it yesterday that you met your old friend in the supermarket?

你是昨天在超市遇到你的老朋友的吗？

(2)强调谓语动词

强调谓语动词时，要在所强调的谓语动词前加助动词do, does或did。

The family did manage to send him to a technical school.

家里的确设法让他上技术学校。

2．祈使句

祈使句表“请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告”等。基本结构为：“动词(短语)原形＋连词＋句子(一般用将来时)”。有时为了加强感情色彩或特别指明向谁发出命令或要求时，可以加

上you，Mary，girls等作为称呼。

Tom，water the flowers today！汤姆，今天浇花！

3．反意疑问句

反意疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分用陈述句形式，后一部分是一个附加在前一部分上的简

单问句，本着“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则，附加问句部分的动词以及主语取决于陈述句。

Your parents had a long talk with you last weekend, didn’t they?

你的父母上周末和你进行了一次长谈，是吗？

祈使句的反意疑问句一般用will you或者won’t you的形式。Let’ｓ开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用shall we；Let us开头的祈使句，反意疑问句用will you。

4．There be结构

There be/stands/lies...

There is no possibility that...

There is no sense of doing sth.

There is no need to do sth.

There seems to be...

there be句型的主谓一致，如果主语由两个或两个以上的名词或代词构成，谓语动词be应该

和离它最近的主语保持一致。

The Public Square is a famous sight of the city.There stand many stone sculptures

of famous historical figures.

大众广场是这个城市著名的景点，许多历史名人的石雕像矗立在那里。

5．感叹句

(1)what引导的感叹句

①What＋a/an＋adj.＋单数可数名词(＋主语＋谓语)!

What a good heart you have!

你的心肠真好！

②What＋adj.＋不可数名词/可数名词复数！

What interesting stories he’s told us!

他给我们讲的故事真有趣！

(2)how引导的感叹句

①How＋adj./adv. (＋主语＋谓语)!

How clever the boy is!

这男孩真聪明！

②How＋adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词(＋主语＋谓语)!

How clever a boy he is!

这男孩真聪明！

倒装原则要记牢

Ⅰ示之以范 ____________________________________________________原则这样运用

1.(2017·四川部分名校联测)At the top of the hill____________ (lie) an old cottage

which has a wonderful view of the whole city.

lies 解析：当介词短语置于句首时，句子应用完全倒装，去除修饰部分which has a wonderful view of the whole city后，还原成正常语序为：An old cottage____________(lie) at the

top of the hill.句意：山顶上坐落着一间能一览全城美景的古老小屋。结合定语从句的时

态可以判断，此处应用一般现在时，故填lies。

2．(天津卷)Only after Mary read her composition the second time ____________she

notice the spelling mistake.

did 解析：当only修饰的时间状语位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装，且由本句时态可知应

用一般过去时，故填did。句子还原为正常语序为：Mary noticed the spelling mistake only after she read her composition the second time.。

3．So necessary____________ I found it to learn about my kid’s schoolwork that I

will visit his teachers next week.

have 解析：考查so...that倒装句式，正常语序为I have found it so necessary to learn about my kid’s schoolwork that I will visit his teachers next week.。

4. Not a single word ____________ he say when he was asked, which made h is parents angry.

did 解析：否定副词not位于句首时，句子要部分倒装，由when he was asked可知应用助动词did倒装。

Ⅱ通关点击 ____________________________________________________原则这样解读

1．在下列情形下需要使用部分倒装：

(1)当否定词或带有否定意义的词或短语位于句首时，常用部分倒装。这类词或短语有：

little，few，never，seldom, rarely，by no means，not only，not until，at no time, under/in no circumstances，in no case，in no way, no sooner，hardly，scarcely 等。

Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will

be provided for people who need it.

不仅要给那些找工作的人提供帮助，而且也要给那些有需要的人提供药物治疗。

Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.

我不知道这件事，也不关心。

(2)当only修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时，用部分倒装。

(湖南卷)Only when you can find peace in your heart will you keep good relationships

with others.

只有当你找到内心的平静时你才能与他人保持良好的关系。

(3)so/neither/nor置于句首时，用部分倒装。

They love having lots of friends; so do those with disabilities.

他们喜欢交很多朋友，那些身有残疾的人也是如此。

(4)在so/such...that...结构中，当“so＋形容词/副词”或“such＋名词”位于句首时，用部分倒装。

So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.

他说英语说得如此清晰，以至于别人都能听得懂。

(5)在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，当从句的表语/状语/动词位于句首时，用部分倒装。如果位于句首的是单数可数名词，其前不加冠词。

Hard as they tried，they couldn’t make her change her mind.

尽管他们尽力了，但他们还是没能让她改变主意。

2．在下列情形下需要使用完全倒装：

(1)表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词，如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，out等置于句首时，且主语是名词，谓语动词是不及物动词，句子需用完全倒装。此时，句子

多用一般现在时或一般过去时。

The moment the bell rang，out rushed the children.

铃一响，孩子们冲了出去。

(2)当地点状语位于句首时，且主语是名词，谓语动词是不及物动词，为了避免头重脚轻，句

子需进行完全倒装。

Next door to ours live a foreign couple，who seem to have settled into life in China. 我们隔壁住着一对外国夫妇，他们看起来已经习惯了中国的生活。

,[学生用书P41] )

Ⅰ单句语法填空

1．(2017·湖北四地七校联考)However，like so many other things，it is only too much stress ____________ does you harm.

that 解析：句意：但是，像很多其他的事情一样，只有太多的压力才会伤害到你。去掉it is 及设空处，句子结构和意义仍然完整，因此此句为强调句，其基本句型为“It is/ was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他”。本句被强调的部分为事物，故填that。

2．(2017·山东部分重点中学第二次联考)Yes, of course they celebrate Christmas

here, and there are obviously displays in shops and Christmas markets, but ____________ seem to be no signs of Christmas adverts.

there 解析：句意：当然他们在这里庆祝圣诞节，而且很明显商店和圣诞节市场里有很多展

览品，但是似乎没有圣诞广告的迹象。考查there be句型，be动词可用lie，exist，seem，remain等替代。

3．(2017·湖北襄阳四校联考)Although it was ten years ago ____________ I read the book, it shows me a universal truth that books are friends，always pushing us to move on.

that 解析：分析句子结构可知，本句为强调句型，强调时间状语，所以填that。

4．(2017·江西九江高三一模)I was in trouble in overcoming my addiction to alcohol, and ____________ was my friend Mike.

so 解析：根据句意判断，所填的词要能表达出后一种情况与前面情况相同这一意义，故用

so，构成“so＋谓语动词＋主语”这种倒装结构，表示“……也……”。

5．(2017·广西梧州高三一模)Freddy gave him a job and housing and lent him pocket money while ____________ (train) him.

training 解析：根据宾语him判断，train在此是动词，其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致，且

二者为主动关系，故填现在分词。

6．(2017·湖北荆州中学质检)Only then ____________ we realize there was an earthquake.I was too frightened to move.

did 解析：句意：只有在那时我们才意识到地震发生了。我太害怕了以至于一动不动。“only ＋状语”位于句首，后面的句子需要部分倒装。本句介绍的是过去的事情，需用一般过去时，

故填did。

7．(2017·江苏苏锡常镇四市调研)One has reason to believe that China’s anti-corruption over the past few years，tough ____________ it is，has achieved inspiring progress.

as/though 解析：句意：有理由相信在过去的几年里中国的反腐活动取得了令人鼓舞的成就，

虽然该活动很艰难。as/though引导让步状语从句时采用了形式倒装。

8．(2017·江苏连云港灌南华侨双语学校月考)Now, just in front of the house

____________(stand) a tall tree with a history of 100 years.

stands 解析：句意：现在，就在这座房子前面耸立着一棵有100年历史的大树。表示地点

的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词，后面的主语、谓语部分需用全部倒装形式；根据时间

状语Now可推知设空处需用一般现在时；本句主语为单数第三人称，故填stands。

9．(2017·湖北荆门调研)It wasn’t until in high school ____________ I began to

trust other people again.

that 解析：句意：直到上了高中我才开始再次信任别人。本句考查强调句型“It is/was＋

被强调部分＋that＋其他成分”。

10．(2017·江西樟树中学等六校一联)In that way，World Read Aloud Day ____________ (do) help make a difference.

does 解析：句意：通过那种方式，世界大声读书日的确帮助产生了影响。本句主语为单数

第三人称，设空处后的谓语动词是动词原形help，根据提示词do可知本题考查强调。

do/does/did放在实义动词前表示强调。本句主语为单数第三人称，故填does。

Ⅱ单句改错

1．(2017·福建福州八中高三质检)Therefore, it was no doubt that I was left alone, suffering from loneliness and failure.____________________

it→there解析：there is no doubt that...是一个固定句型，意为“毫无疑问”。

2．(2017·湖南株洲教学质量检测)How an interesting country to live in！____________________

How→What解析：根据后面的名词country可知，应用what引起感叹。

3．(2017·河南百校联盟教学质量检测)There was many tasks I had to finish.Besides，I attended English and Math training classes because of my weaknesses in the two

subjects.____________________

was→were解析：考查there be...句型的主谓一致。be动词的单复数取决于后面紧邻的主

语的单复数，此处主语为复数，be动词应用复数，故将was改为were。

4．(2017·湖南长沙一模)Doing as well as you can today, and perhaps you may be

able to do better tomorrow.____________________

Doing→Do解析：该句为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构，祈使句句首应用动词原形，故将

Doing改为Do。

5．(2017·山西重点中学协作体一模)When taken exams, we sometimes cheat in order

to get good results to make our parents and teachers pleased.____________________

taken→taking解析：句意：当我们参加考试时，为了取得好结果来使我们的父母和老师高

兴，我们有时会作弊。本题考查省略。将句子补全后为：When we are taking exams, we sometimes cheat in order to get good results to make our parents and teachers pleased.时间状语从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可将从句主语和be动词去掉，故将taken改为taking。

6．(2017·山东菏泽一模)As is known to us all, some students have breakfast

regularly while others don’t.There is several reasons.____________________ 第二个is→are解析：句意：众所周知，一些学生有规律地吃早餐而其他学生并非如此。

这有几个原因。there be句型中，be要和后面的主语保持一致，本句中several reasons为复数形式，故将There is改为There are。

7．(2017·湖南衡阳八中、永州市四中一联)It is working in teams instead of on my

own which has freed me from trouble and made my work more efficient.____________________

which→that解析：句意：是团队合作而不是我自己单打独斗使我克服了困难并使我的工作

效率更高。本句考查强调句型。强调句型为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分。由

此可见需将which改为that。

8．(2017·河北衡水中学调研)Once upon a time，it was a boy whose parents name him Odd.

____________________

it→there解析：句意：从前有一个男孩儿，他的父母给他取名叫Odd。本题考查“there be”句型，意为：有……

Ⅲ短文改错

(2017·福建龙岩五校联考)While taking walk with my pet dog this morning，I found a middle-aged man n earby was shouting on her phone.Obviously, he had a badly day.After he left，I noticed his key on the ground.So I immediately picked them up and ran away

from to find the man.Several minutes later, I found him, whom was still shouting on

his phone beside his car.I walked to him and ask if he could hold on a few seconds.At first, he was angrily about my interruption.Then I showed his keys or explained the

whole thing.On hearing my words, he immediately hung up his phone and apologized for his rude.

答案：

While taking ∧

a walk with my p et dog this morning，I found a middle-aged man n earby

was shouting on her

his

phone.Obviously, he had a

badly

bad

day.After he left，I noticed his

key keys on the ground.So I immediately picked them up and ran away from

＼ to find the

man.Several minutes later, I found him, whom

who

was still shouting on his phone beside

his car.I walked to him and

ask

asked

if he could hold on a few seconds.At first, he was

angrily angry about my i nterruption.Then I showed his keys

or

and

explained the whole thing.On

hearing my words, he immediately hung up his phone and apologized for his

rude rudeness

.

2019年高考英语语法填空专题复习(含答案)

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