2017-2018学年甘肃省兰州第一中学高二下学期第一次月考英语试题Word版含解析

2017-2018学年甘肃省兰州第一中学高二下学期第一次月考

英语试题解析版

说明：本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题卷）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题卷）。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。答案写在答题卡上，交换时只交答题卡。

第Ⅰ卷（选择题共50分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

It is a popular Internet thing to focus on the upside of being in your 30s, and it is nice to know how to do basic modern-human-being things like paying your taxes and cooking a simple meal. But it can be a less-encouraging story at work: People in their late 20s to early 40s tend to report lower levels of job satisfaction and higher levels of emotional exhaustion than other age groups, according to new research.

There’s an obvious reason: These tend to be the ages when people have young children at home, and the researchers did find that this group reported feeling increasingly crunched for time. But adding to that pressure, coworker support also tends to decline at this age. Some researchers interpret the findings:

Support from co-workers probably decreases in midlife as peers compete for limited resources（promotion bottlenecks are often encountered during this career stage. Also, whereas younger co-workers are often hungry to make up new social networks, and older workers seek identity-affirming work experiences in their remaining tenure（任期）, mid lifers find it demanding enough just to maintain existing social networks. Meanwhile, time pressure likely increases as colleagues are all trying to enrich their own knowledge and experience.

But the good news is that after about a decade of struggle, things start to pick back up again. Occupational psychologists say that happiness at work recovers when people reach their 40s, and that people in their 50s are more satisfied with their jobs than any other age group. Hang in there, 30-somethings-soon you will be older, but at least work will meet less frustration（挫折）!

1. What can we learn about people in their 30s according to the text?

A. They tend to feel less emotionally exhausted

B. They are more satisfied with their work.

C. They may feel more pressured at work.

D. They don’t know how to do basic modern-human-being things.

2. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “crunched” in Paragraph 2?

A. pressed

B. encouraged

C. relaxed

D. satisfied

3. Why do people in their late 20s to early 40s have less support from co-workers?

A. Because they have a family to support.

B. Because they are eager to form new social networks.

C. Because they try to seek identity-affirming work experiences.

D. Because they are faced with strong competition in promotion.

【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D

【解析】文章大意：研究显示：熬过40岁工作越来越顺心。

1. 根据文章第一段It is a popular Internet thing to focus on the upside of being in your 30s, and it is nice to know how to do basic modern-human-being things like paying your taxes and cooking a simple meal.可知，30多岁的人感到工作压力更大。故选C。

2. 词义猜测题。根据后句But adding to that pressure, coworker support also tends to decline at this age.可以猜测出，crunched为“压迫”之意。故选A。

3. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段promotion bottlenecks are often encountered during this career stage.可知，因为他们在升职上面临着激烈的竞争。故选D。

B

Four years ago, we asked ourselves: what if we could create a shopping experience with no waiting in lines and no checkout? Or could we create a physical store where customers could simply take what they want and go? Our answer to those questions is Amazon Go, where you could experience the idea of "just walk out shopping".

Amazon Go is a new kind of store with no checkout required. We created the world's most advanced shopping technology, so you never have to wait in line. With our "just walk out shopping" experience, simply use the Amazon Go app to enter the store, take the products you want, and go!

No lines, no checkout.

Our checkout-free shopping experience is made possible by the same types of technologies used in self-driving cars: computer vision, sensor fusion, and deep learning. Our “ just walk out technology ” automatically detects when products are taken from or returned to the shelves and keeps track of them in your virtual cart. When you have done shopping, you can just leave the store. Shortly after, we'll charge your Amazon account and send you a receipt.

We offer delicious ready-to-eat breakfast, lunch, dinner, and snack options made fresh every day by our on-site chefs and favorite local kitchens and bakeries. Our selection of food stuff ranges from bread and milk to cheeses and locally made chocolates. You' ll find well-known brands we love, plus special finds we're excited to introduce to customers. For a quick home-cooked dinner, pick up one of our chef-designed Amazon Meal Kits, and you can make a meal for two in about 30 minutes.

Our 1,800-square-foot shopping space is conveniently compact, so busy customers can get in and out fast. It is located at 2131, 7th Ave, Seattle, WA, on the corner of 7th Avenue and Blanchard Street. All you need is an Amazon account, a supported smart phone, and the free Amazon Go app.

Amazon Go is currently only open to Amazon employees in our testing program, and will be open to the public soon.

4. From the passage, we can learn that Amazon Go ________.

A. is a checkout-free store

B. sells all kinds of goods

C. is open to the public

D. uses unknown technologies

5. What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 3?

A. When Amazon Go charges.

B. What Amazon Go sells.

C. Where Amazon Go lies.

D. How Amazon Go works.

6. The main purpose of the passage is to ________.

A. encourage people to shop online

B. advise people to work for Amazon

C. inform people of a new concept store

D. tell people of the shopping experience

【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C

【解析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了一种新型的不需要结账的亚马逊商店诞生了，方便顾客。

4. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段Amazon Go is a new kind of store with no checkout required. We

created the world's most advanced shopping technology, so you never have to wait in line.可知这是一种不需要结账的商店。故选A。

6. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Amazon Go is currently only open to Amazon employees in our testing program, and will be open to the public soon.可知文章主要是为了告诉人们一个新的商店概念。故选C。

【名师点睛】

考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择。在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。

C

“Clothes Swapping”has become an increasingly popular activity for women in the United States. The women can give away unwanted clothing at a clothes swap event and get something different in return.

Recently about 300 women went to a clothes swap at a high school in Springfield, Virginia. It was the largest crowd ever for the area’s popular clothing-swapping group.

Daphne Steinberg was having a good day.“For anyone who knows Ann Taylor LOFT, Ann Taylor is a really nice women’s designe r and I will totally wear this to work. So I love that, I love that I can equip myself for work, have a good time in doing it, not totally bankrupt myself.”

Sandy Van Dusen likes the idea that clothes are finding new homes instead of being thrown away. “Because it helps to keep the Earth green. There’s no point in my opinion in continuing to buy new clothes when we can reuse what’s already here. Give it a new home--- let somebody else love what you used to love and no longer love.”

Kim Pratt organized the clothing-swapping event in Springfield. She also organized a money-raising activity for the high school’s debate team. It is one of several ways that her group gives to charitable causes. Another is by donating all of the“un-swapped” clothing to shelters fo r victims of domestic violence.

“I started doing this four years ago, and we’ve been doing it for four years, getting bigger and bigger each time we have a swap.”

She used the social media website https://www.wendangku.net/doc/fb5316456.html, to help publicize the events. The website has helped her group grow from 30 members to 1,300. Mrs.Pratt says most of the members respect the clothing swap rules. But she say competition for desirable fashion can be strong.

“We have to tell people sometimes not to hover over the new people coming in with their clothing. As they put it out, some people tend to grab the stuff right out of their hands and it becomes like a free-for-all. We try to avoid that as much as possible.”

7. At a clothes swap what can women do?

A. Make some money by giving away unwanted clothing

B. Buy whatever clothing they like

C. Have a social gathering and make friends

D. Exchange unwanted clothing for something different

8. What can be learnt from what Daphne Steinberg said?

A. The clothes swap was the largest ever in the area

B. She got some nice clothes at the clothes swap

C. It was the first time she had been to a clothes swap

D. She saved much more money than she had expected

9. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?

A. How Kim Pratt raised money to help charitable causes

B. How Kim Pratt started the clothing-swapping event.

C. What Kim Pratt did to help people in need.

D. What Kim Pratt did with the un-swapped clothes.

10. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. Clothes swaps often go out of control in the end

B. Clothes-swapping is becoming increasingly popular with women

C. Improper behavior at clothes swaps needs to be controlled

D. More clothing swapping events need to be organized

【答案】7. D 8. B 9. C 10. C

【解析】本文围绕一个“交换衣物”的活动。首先介绍了这个活动在美国女性间越来越流行，

然后选取了一个活动参加者对活动的评论。然后介绍了“交换衣物”发起者的一些慈善行为，发起者利用网站推广活动，扩大影响，最后讲组织方将尽力阻止活动中不合适的行为。7. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段The women can give away unwanted clothing at a clothes swap event and get something different in return可知，在换衣活动中，女性可以送出不想要的衣物并得到不同的衣物作为回报。故选D。

8. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段For anyone who knows Ann Taylor LOFT, Ann Taylor is a really nice women’s designer and I will totally wear this to work. So I love that, I love that I can equip myself for work, have a good time in doing it, not totally bankrupt myself.可以推断，她在衣物交换日得到了满意的衣服，故选B。

9. 段落大意题。第五段大意为Kim为高中辩论队组织募捐活动，这只是他们团队做慈善的一种方式，另一种是将没有交换出去的衣物送到收容所。可以看出第五段主要讲了Kim做了什么来帮助有需要的人。故选C。

10. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段As they put it out, some people tend to grab the stuff right out of their hands and it becomes like a free-for-all.当人们拿出衣服的时候，有时有些人像是抢免费东西一样争夺，可知不正确的行为应该被控制。故选C。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How northern Europeans beat the winter blues

Ask a child from northern Europe to draw two pictures—one on a rainy day and a second in the sunshine—and this is what you will get: in the first, as raindrops fall from the top of the page, the man behind the window has an unhappy expression. When a yellow sun sends out some light from the corner, the man is smiling.

Northern Europeans associate rain with sadness and sunshine with happiness. They think this is true because they are so aware of how their environment affects them. ___11___ In October 2008, a group of researchers examined the influence of different daily weather factors, including temperature,wind and sunlight, on 1,200 participants. The conclusion was that good or bad weather had little effect on people’s feelings. ___12___ A person who is upset on dark or cold days suffers from a negative mood, and he will be likely to experience a sad winter. This is the basis of an illness called Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). ____13____ .

AniKalayjian, professor of psychology at Fordham University, advises that we should take steps to strengthen the brain’s system against weather-driven mood changes. Research on SAD has been focused on the brain’s response to darkness and light. When our eyes detect darkness, the brain gives off melatonin, which starts sleep cycles. ___14___ It takes over to help us wake up and feel better when we detect light.“We can encourage people to take charge of their feelings,” says Kalayjian.“We tell them to leave the computers and the indoor games and get out there in the sun. ____15____”

A day of rain can potentially destroy your plan and affect your mood. But as the Scottish comedian Billy Connolly once sa id:“There is no such thing as bad weather, only the wrong clothing.”

A. Another chemical called serotonin, however, can make people happy.

B. It affects about10% of the population of northern Europe each year.

C. That’s when people can recharge their serot onin and get a better mood.

D. Yet that link has no scientific basis.

E. Most studies prove that a negative feeling is associated with bad weather.

F. They determined that people actually differ in their sensitivity to weather changes.

G. It is seriously doubted among the people who suffer from SAD.

【答案】11. D12. F

13. B14. A

15. C

【解析】北欧人把雨和伤心，阳光和快乐联系在一起，他们认为这是真的，因为他们意识到他们的环境如何影响他们．但科学家经过研究得出的结论是：好或者坏天气对人们的感情影响很小．

11. 根据前句They think this is true because they are so aware of how their environment affects them. 可知，这只是北欧人自己的主观认识，故没有科学依据。故选D。

12. 根据前句The conclusion was that good or bad weather had little effect on people’s feelings.可知，他们认为人们对气候变化的敏感性不同。故选F。

13. 根据前句This is the basis of an illness called Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD).可知it代指前句中的Seasonal Affective Disorder季节性情绪失调，故选B。

14. 根据后句It takes over to help us wake up and feel better when we detect light.可知，这里介绍了另一种化学物质。故选A。

15. 根据前句We tell them to leave the computers and the indoor games and get out there in the sun.提到我们告知他们离开电脑和室内游戏到外面去沐浴阳光，后句应该说这么做的益处，故选C。

点评该类题型要求从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项，主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是解题的关键。

第三节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，共20分）

One student took a box of chicken to class. Another carried on a cell-phone___16___, and still another whistled loudly every time the___17___turned his back. Reform school? No. College.

More and more, professors say, they are ___18___ across rude students in their classrooms. Many of today’s young scholars arrive late, leave___19___ , talk loud or take care of personal

___20___ such as paying bills during class.

Why are the students behaving badly? “Because they can,” said a student of University of North Texas. “A lot of the time, the professors ___21___them get away with it.”

Some educators say it is time to bring politeness back to their classrooms—and

even___22___taking some of the blame for bad behavior. They say that___23___ students are by no means the majority but that one of them can ruin an entire___24___.

People are ___25___when they learn that impolite behavior is becoming more and more common in ___26___education, says Dr. Gerald Amanda, a counselor at City College of San Francisco. They ___27___ some high school students to misbehave but think those who get to

___28___ will behave more politely.

Dr. Amanda believes that society in ___29___ has become more tolerant of rude behavior

___30___ that people in power, including professors, no longer ___31___ standards for politeness. That leads to a growing imprudence among some college___32___. “There’s a gr eat ___33___ of bad behavior in the world around them, and young people see it and ___34___ disrespect,” said Dr. Amanda, ___35___ that sometimes students have no idea that they are being rude.

16. A. look B. news C. picture D. conversation

高三第二次月考英语试卷Word版含答案

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2017-2018学年甘肃省兰州市兰州一中高二上学期文科数学期末试卷 - 学生版

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