导学案选修七unit4教师版分析
导学案（B7U4）
预习案
一、熟读短文
Helping the Remote Village援助山村
A year ago, the famous astronaut received an invitation by airmail from a remote village. Intending to sniff some fresh air, he and his interpreter paid a fortnight visit there. It was a privilege for them to be there, but they were shocked by what they saw. The tracks were muddy. The river was dry ing up. Most villagers only possessed one broom, a few tin s and several jar s and their rectangular grass huts with round angle s were surrounded by weed s. Besides, their school had no roof and platform, and the students had no concept of click ing a computer at all. They were badly in need.
Soon, the astronaut made a generous voluntary donation to the village. There were textbook s for students, sewing machine s for tailor s and tractor s for farmers. His distribution catalogue also included operating a clinic and a trunk library, as well as giving weekly lessons to teach relevant farming knowledge like how to dry out seed s or raise ox en. He himself not only helped do some paperwork but also purchase d grill s for boys to toast potatoes and comb s for girls who were dying to get one. The other day, he heard from the villagers again inviting him to participate in the donation anniversary. For political and security reasons, he couldn’t adjust his outgoing arrangement-otherwise he would go. But his deeds were remembered forever.
一年前，那位著名的宇航员收到一份由一个偏远村庄通过航空邮件寄来的邀请。因为想要呼吸一下新鲜空气，他和翻译到那儿做了一次两周的访问。当地之行使他们倍感荣幸，但却震惊于所见所闻。泥泞的道路、河流干枯，大部分的村民拥有的财产只不过是一只扫帚、几个瓶瓶罐罐而已，圆角的矩形草屋四周长满了杂草，学校也没有屋顶和讲台，学生们更对点击操作电脑毫无概念。他们生活确实相当困难。
很快，宇航员就向村庄做了慷慨的自愿捐赠。捐赠品中有给学生的课本，给裁缝的缝纫机，还有给农民的拖拉机。捐赠金的分配目录中还包括一间诊所和一间书箱图书馆的运作，并有传授像怎么使种子干透，或者怎么养牛这种相关农业知识的每周课程。他自己不仅亲自帮助做一些文书工作，还给男孩子们购买了烤马铃薯的烤架、给渴望得到梳子的女孩子们买了梳子。前几天，他又收到了村民们邀请他参加捐赠周年会的来信。出于政治和安全原因，他无法调整外出时间安排，否则他就会去了。不过他所做的一切村民们都永远记得。
二、背诵短文
类型：对比说明。典例：今昔对比类。模板：
More and more people rely on e-mail and mobile phones for communication rather than letters and public phones because the new tools seem faster and make work more efficient. However，this change has bad as well as good effects，especially dependence on the Internet. Firstly，as we lack enough practice，we are losing the beauty of hand-written Chinese words which express the writer better while machine words all have the same looks. Secondly，our spelling becomes worse if we rely on the machine too much. Last but not least，the PC screen does harm to our eyes. I prefer the old way of communication even though it is much too slow in the eyes of many.
三、词汇
(一)单词
1. ___concept_____ n. 概念；观念
2. ___ anniversary________ n. 周年纪念(日)
3. astronaut ___________ n. 宇航员；太空人
4. ___clinic_____ n. 门诊部；小诊所
5. ____arrangement_________ n. 安排；排列
6.____rectangle______ n. 矩形；长方形
7._privilege________ n. 特权；特别优待
8. __sniff_______ vt.&vi. 嗅；闻；用鼻子吸
9. ___donate____ vt. 捐赠
10.__distribute________ vt. 分配；分发
11.__operate_____ vi. 工作；运转vt. 操作
12.__purchase_______ vt.&n. 购买；买→(同义词) _buy____
13.___remote _____ adj. 遥远的；偏僻的
14.___relevant______ adj. 有关的；切题的
15.___otherwise_______ conj. 否则；不然adv. 用别的方法
（二）短语
1. 接到……的来信____hear from...________________
2. 极想；渴望_____be dying to____________________
3. 不久前的一天_____the other day____________________
5. 干透；使完全变干_____dry out________________
6. 干涸_______dry up ________________
7. 在困难中；在危急中___in need_____________
8. 多达；胜任_____up to ________________
9. 老实说______to be honest ____________________
10.起作用；有影响____make a difference ________________________
(三)构词法
1.__participate________ vi. 参加；参与
→___participation___________ n. 参与；参加；分享
→___participant________ n. 参与者；参赛者
2.__voluntary________ adj. 自愿的；志愿的；无偿的
→___volunteer_______ n. 志愿者
→__voluntarily__________ adv. 自愿地；无偿地；自动地
3.__security______ n. 安全；保障
→__secure______adj. 安全的；稳当的
4._adjust______ vt.&vi. 调整；(使)适合；校准
→___adjustable_______ adj. 可调节的
→___adjustment_______ n. 调节；调整
5._mud_____ n.泥; 淤泥; 泥浆
→__muddy____ adj.泥泞的; 模糊的; 混乱的
用以上词汇的适当形式填空
1. All __participants___________ are required to work hard to build positive contributions to society and have lots of fun!
2. Life is a journey and sometimes we need to make ___adjustments_________ along the way.
3. We saw a large group of people walk through the __muddy_____ country road.
4. In China, some workers work overtime___voluntarily________ for more money.
5. We should reinforce the traffic ___security______ education to raise people’s awareness towards safety.
四、概括课文大意
故事讲述了Jo 作为一个志愿教师在一个遥远的地区工作的经历，并且详细的描述了他第一次到Tombe 家探访的经过。
The passage tells us about Jo’s experience as a _volunteer_ teacher in a poor __remote ___ area and also gives us a __description __ of his first __ visit __ to Tombe’s family.
五、课文阅读理解
1．Why did Jo send some pictures to Rosemary? ___A_____
A．To give Rosemary a vivid impression of the place she talked about.
B．To show the beautiful scenery.
C．To show her pity to the villagers.
D．To please Rosemary.
2．What was the classroom made from? ___B_______
A．Grass.B．Bamboo.
C．Branches. D．Bricks.
3．How long did it take Jo to get to the school? __C_______
A．Two hours. B．Two and a half hours.
C．A few minutes. D．One hour.
4．Why Tombe's mother started crying “ieee ieee” when Jo arrived at the village? __ D____
A．To threaten her.
B．To show her surprise.
C．To show her fear.
D．To show welcome.
5．Why did Tombe throw the can with leftover food out of the doorway? ___A_____ A．Because he believed the leftover in the can would bring bad fortune. B．Because he did not need the can again.
C．Because he thought the can was too dirty to use.
D．Because he had too many cans.
六、课文语法填空
Jo worked at a bush school 1.___whose_______classrooms were made of
bamboo and the roofs of grass. There’s no electricity2.___or_____ water there. It took the students about two hours 3.____to get____ (get) to the school. Jo hoped to make some difference to the children’s lives by teaching them. The 4.__other______ day，Jo visited Tombe’s home.5.___when_____ they arrived at the village，Tombe’ s mother who had been working in her garden,6.___started_____(start) crying “ieee ieee”．
Tombe’s father led them to his house,7._____a___ low bamboo hut with grass 8.___sticking____(stick) out of the roof，where he could only see a few tin plates and cups and a couple of pots. What they ate were sweet potatoes，corn and greens. That night Jo and Jenny slept on a 9.___newly__(new) made platform.10.__They____ left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm handshakes.
探究案
一、重点词汇
1. adjust vt .& vi.调整；(使)适合；校准
搭配: adjust sth. (to sth.) 调整(以适应/适合)
adjust to (doing) sth. 适应(做)某事
adjust/adapt oneself to sth. 使自己适应于……
make adjustments for/to 为/对……作调整
根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。
(1) I must ___adjust my watch___(校准我的手表), for it is slow.
(2) It was after two years that I finally __adjusted to ____(适应) the life in this remote village.
(3) Only by constantly learning can we ____adjust ourselves to__ (使自己适应) the rapid development of the society.
(4) It is essential for colleges to _make reasonable adjustments to their majors
_______ (对它们的专业作合理的调整) and catch up with the rapid development of the modern society.
2. arrangement n. 安排；排列
搭配: arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事
arrange...for... 安排；为……做准备/安排
make arrangements for 为……作安排
come to an arrangement/agreement over sth. 就某事谈妥；达成协议
用适当的介词填空或完成句子。
(1) We have arranged __for__ an interpreter to meet you at the airport.
(2) It was a privilege for me to ___arrange everything for you___________(为您安排这一切).
3. donate vt.捐赠；赠予
搭配:donate blood 献血
donate (mo ney, goods, etc.) to… 捐(钱、物等)给……
make a donation (to…) (为……)作捐赠
用适当的介词填空或完成句子。
(1) The other day, I ___donated blood____(献血) to the People’s Hospital voluntarily.
(2) Without hesitation, we donated all our pocket money _to__ the poor girl on the spot.
(3) The wealthy businessman ____made a generous donation____(作了慷慨的捐赠) to charity in appreciation of the society.
4. voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的
搭配: volunteer for sth. 主动承担；自愿/无偿给予/提供
volunteer to do 自愿做某事
be voluntary to do sth. 自愿做某事
voluntary blood donation 无偿献血
根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。
(1) Local young people are encouraged to ___volunteer for the project___(主动承担这项工程).
(2) ______Voluntary blood donation___(无偿献血) to those in need is highly advocated.
(3) A great many people from all parts of our homeland ____volunteered to/were voluntary to participate in______(自愿参与) the disaster relief work.
5. hear from sb. 收到某人的来信
联想: hear of/about 听说
hear sb. out 听某人把话说完
hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做了某事
hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人在做某事
注意：hear from的宾语是人，不是letter。
用适当的介词或所给词的适当形式填空。
(1) To be honest, not until I heard __from__ him did I know what had happened.
(2) We don’t know the astronaut, but we have heard __of/about__ him.
(3) Don’t keep interrupting/cutting in; just hear me _out ___.
(4) I heard people __whispering____(whisper) about her love affair.
6. be dying to do sth. 极想；渴望
说明：表示“渴望做某事”的还有long to do sth., desire to do sth., be eager to do sth., have an desire to do sth.等；表示“极想得到某物”的有long for, be dying for, be thirsty for, have a strong desire for等。
根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。
(1) It is clear that they ______are dying to hear from you_________(渴望收到你的来信).
(2) The river is drying up and the trees on both sides of it are _____dying/thirsty for water ______(渴望得到水).
(3) For the time being there are an increasing number of students ___dying to travel abroad_____(想出国旅游).
7. in need 在困难中；在穷困中
联想: in (great) need of (急)需要
There is no need to do sth. 没必要做某事
根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。
(1) We should care for the old and never hesitate to lend a hand to those _in need___(在困难中).
(2) As far as I am concerned, ___there is no need to_______(没有必要) have fears for the college entrance examination.
(3) Since most students are __in need of___ (需要) a nap (小睡), proper arrangements should be made so that students can have a good rest.
二、重点句型
1. to be honest 老实说; 说实话; 说实在的
联想to be exact 确切地说; to be fair 公平地说
运用根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
⑴____To be honest _______ (说实话), I don’t want to go to the party tonight.
(2) __To be fair____ (公平地说), some studies do suggest a cancer risk associated with cellphone usage.
(3) He came back home very late last night, or early this morning ___to be exact _____ (确切地说).
2. It is / was a privilege to do sth. 做某事是件荣幸/难得的事
运用根据汉语意思完成下列句子。
⑴___It is a great privilege______ (很荣幸) for me to give you a talk here.
(2)It was a privilege _____to attend the ceremony_______ (出席这个仪式).
3. make a dif ference to… 对……有影响/起作用
联想: have an effect on… 对……有影响
make much/a great difference 有很大影响
make no/ a little/some/difference没有/有一点影响
运用根据括号中的提示完成句子。
⑴The Internet _______has made a great difference to people all over the world ______(给世界人民带来了巨大的影响).
⑵To be honest, whether you’ll agree with me____makes no difference to me
__ (对我没有影响).
三、语法.
(一)write down all sentences in the reading passage which contain restrictive
attributive clauses.
_____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ （二）归纳
限制性定语从句
一、关系代词
关系代词who，whom，whose，which，that等代替先行词，指人或物，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1．who，whom 代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词，that代替的先行词可以是人，也可以是物。
Is he the man who/that wants to see you？(who/that在从句中作主语)
He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.(whom/that在从句中作宾语，可以省略) 2．whose 用来指人或物(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以与of which互换)。They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.
Please pass me the book whose cover is green.
→Please pass me the book the_cover_of_which is green.
3．which所代替的先行词是指事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
A prosperity which/that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.(which/that在从句中作主语)
The package which/that they are carrying is too heavy.(which/that在从句中作宾语)
二、关系代词that 的用法
1．不用that的情况。
(1)在引导非限制性定语从句时，不能用that，只能用which。
The tree，which is four hundred years old，is very famous here.
(2)介词后不能用that，只能用which。
We depend on the land from_which we get our food.
2．只能用that的情况。
(1)在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。
There is a room in the building that is still free.
(2)不定代词，如anything，nothing，the one，all，much，few，any，little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。
Finally，the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.
(3)先行词有the only，the very修饰时，只用that。
This is the only book that is worth reading.
(4)先行词有序数词、形容词最高级修饰时，只用that。
We will never forget the first lesson that our English teacher gave us.
(5)先行词既有人，又有物时只用that。
He told me the places and persons that he visited in London.
三、关系副词
关系副词when，where，why代替的先行词是时间、地点或原因的名词，在从句中作状语。
1．关系副词when，where，why的含义相当于“介词＋which”结构。
Beijing is the place where/in_which I was born.
Is this the reason why/for_which he refused our offer?
2．关系副词在定语从句中只能作状语。如果先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的
名词，关系词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，关系词就不能用when，where，why，而要用which，that；作主语时that/which不省略，作宾语时可省略。
I will never forget the days which/that we spent together.(that/which作宾语，可省略) This is the factory that/which(作主语，不能省略) is famous for its products.
对比:
四、“介词＋关系词”的用法
1．介词后面的关系词为whom，which，先行词指人时，用whom，先行词指物时，用which。先行词指原因时，用for＋which结构。
2．介词的选择应从两个方面考虑：
(1)从句中的谓语动词与先行词的搭配关系，即固定结构搭配考虑。
(2)从整个句子意思方面进行确定。
This is the house in_which I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on_which you joined our club?
He is the person from whom you can learn a lot.
(三)练习
一、在下列句子中填入适当的关系词
1．The book__that/which______ I borrowed from the library yesterday is lost.
2．The train___that/which_____ is going to Shanghai will be delayed by the storm.
3．Those___who_____ want to see the film please hand in your money after the meeting.
4．__ As______is known to all，Taiwan is a part of China.
5．The manager in__ whose ______ department I work is a friendly man.
6．This is the most moving film___ that_____ I have even seen.
7．I'll never forget the days___ when _____ we worked and studied together.
8．The reason__ why______ he left home so early is hard to say.
9．The reason__ that/which______ he told me is hard to believe.
10．The necklace was found in the hall____ where____ the ball was