高中英语复习学案-名词性从句
名词性从句复习
导入
判断下面的句子是什么名词性从句
1.China is no longer what it used to be.
2.The truth that the earth turns around the sun is known to all.
3.It was snowing when he arrived at the station.
4.How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.
5.The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.
6.That is where Lu Xun used to live.
7.He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.
8.I wonder why she refused my invitation.
语法讲解
什么是名词性从句？
由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫复合句。名词性从句在复合句中起名词的作用，它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句四大类，在句中分别用作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
引导名词性从句的关联词
A．that
连词that本身没有意义，在从句中不担任任何句子成分，在宾语从句中有时可省略。
I hear (that) he has joined the football club. 我听说他已经加入了足球俱乐部。
That light travels in straight line is known to all. 众所周知，光是以直线传播的。
It so happens that I know the man. 碰巧我认识那个。
Is it certain that they will win 他们一定会赢吗
B．whether和if
连词whether和if本身有意义（解释是否），在从句中不可省略。
1．whether可以连接所有的名词性从句，而if只能引导宾语从句。
I didn't know whether he would attend the concert. 我并不知道他是否参加音乐会。（宾语从句，可用if代替whether）The question is whether it s worth trying. 问题是值不值得试一试。（表语从句，不可用if代替whether）
Whether she comes or not makes no difference. 她来不来都没有关系。（主语从句，不可用if代替whether）
He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意此事这样一个问题。（同位语从句，不可用if代替whether）
2．whether引导的宾语从句可作介的宾语，而if则不能。
It all depends on whether they will support us. 这完全取决于他们是否支持我们。(不用if)
Ryan was worrying about whether he had hurt her feelings. 瑞恩担心是否伤害了她的感情。
3．if既可引导语从句，也可引导宾语从句。如果用if会引起歧义，应避免使用if，而用whether。
Please let me know if you want to join us. 请告诉我你是否想加入我们。（if引导的从句可被看成是宾语从句，if表示是否）
Please let me know if you want to join us. 如果你想加入我们的话，请告诉我一声。（if引导的从句可被看成是条件状语从句，if表示如果）
Please let me know whether you want t join us. 请告诉我你是否想加入我们。（为避免引起歧义，可用whether表示是否）
C．who, whom, whose, what, which
连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which等在从句中既起连接作用，同时又担当主语、宾语、定语、表语等成分。
No one knows who he was waiting for. 没人知道他当时在等谁。
We are worrying about what we should do next. 我们正在为下一步该怎么办而烦恼。
Tell me whose house it is. 告诉我这是谁的家。
Let me know which train you will be arriving on. 告诉我你将乘哪列火车到达。
D．where, when, how, why
连接副词where, when, how, why等在从句中既是连接词，又作状语。
I don't know where we are going to have the meeting.我不知道我们将在哪儿开会。
She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
What I am anxious to know is when we can visit the museum. 我急于知道我们什么时候能参观博物馆。
比较：
when引导的时间状语从句和名词性从句中的不同时态。
Please let me know when you arrive. 你到的时候，请告诉我一声。（when引导的是时间状语从句，从句中用一般现在时来表示将来。）
Please let me know when you will arrive. 请告诉我你什么时候到。（when引导的是宾语从句，从句中用一般将来时。）
E．whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever, whosever
连接代词whoever = anyone who任何人, 无论谁；whatever =anything that凡是...，无论什么；whichever = anything that无论那一个, 任何一个；whomever = anyone whom （whoever的宾格形式）。
Whoever comes to the club is welcome. 不论谁来参加这个俱乐部都欢迎。
Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.凡是值得做的就值得做好。
They ate whatever they could find o the deserted island. 他们在荒岛找到什么就吃什么。
You may do whatever you will. 你可做任何你想做的事。
I'll take whichever book interests me.我愿买任何让我感兴趣的书。
Whosever book is overdue will be fined. 不管谁的书过期未还都要被罚款。
比较：
连接代词whoever在宾语从句中作主语，whomever作宾语从句中宾语。
You may offer he book to whoever wants it. 你可把这本书给任何想要的人。（此句中不能使用whomever，因为whoever在宾语从句中作wants it的主语）
You may offer the book to whomever you like.你可把这本书给任何你喜欢的人。（whomever在宾语从句中作you like 的宾语）
主语从句
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。Who will go is not important.
It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not.
That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.
1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如：
a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。
b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。
c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。（强调句型）
d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。（强调句型）
2. 用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is ＋名词＋从句
It is a fact that …事实是…
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that …是常识
(2) It is ＋形容词＋从句
It is natural that…很自然…
It is strange that…奇怪的是…
(3) It is ＋不及物动词＋从句
It seems that…似乎…
It happened that…碰巧…
It appears that…似乎…
(4) It ＋过去分词＋从句
It is reported that…据报道…
It has been proved that…已证实…
It is said that…据说…
3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：
（1）if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
（2）It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week.
错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said.
（3）It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.
错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him.
（4）It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.
错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter.
（5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：
正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?
错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely?
4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：
a) What you said yesterday is right.
b) That she is still alive is a consolation
表语从句
表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。
A．可接表语从句的连系动词
可接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, seem, sound, appear等。
China is no longer what she used to be. 今日的中国不再是过去的中国了。
The question remains whether they will be able to help us. 问题还是他们能否帮我们。
Itappears that he has a taste for music.看来他对音乐有一定的鉴赏力.
At that time, it seemed as if I couldn' t think of the right word anyhow. 当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
B．as, as ifthough引导的表语从句
He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。
It sounds as ifsomeone is knocking at the door. 听起来好像有人在敲门。
C．because, why引导的表语从句
I think it is because you are talking too much. 我想这是因为你话说得太多。
That's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我。（That's because 强调原因）
That's why he got angry with me. 那正是他对我生气的原因。（Tha's why 强调结果）
注意
what引导的主语从句表示结果或名词reason作主语时，后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导，一般不宜用because。
The reason why I was sad was that he didn't understand me. 我难过的原因是他没有理解我。
What cost him his life was that he was too careless. 使他丧命的原因是他太粗心了。
D．使用虚拟语气的表语从句
在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用should+动词原形表示，should可省略。常见的词有：advice, suggestion, order, proposal, insistence, plan, idea等。
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
His proposal was that they (should ) challenge the other classes to a friendly competition. 他的提议是挑战别的班级进行一场友谊竞赛。
宾语从句
在复合句中用作动词宾语或介词宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
A. 作动词宾语
He told us（that）he felt ill. 他对我们说他感到不舒服。
Do you know whose dictionary it is 你知道这是谁的字典？
He has informed me when they are to discuss the work plan. 他已经通知我他们将什么时候讨论工作计划
Give a reading list to whoever comes. 给所有来的人一份阅读书目。
注意：
doubt（怀疑）的肯定句接if/whether引导的宾语从句，但否定句和疑问句接that引导的宾语从句。
I doubt whether if he will succeed. 我怀疑他是否会成功。
I do not doubt that he can recite the poem. 我相信他能把这首诗背下来。
Do you doubt that he will win 你不相信会获胜吗
B．作介词的宾语
He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day. 他对那天发生的事感到很不快。
I am curious as to what he will say. 我很想知道他要说什么。
Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it. 你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。They were praised or criticized according to how they had done their work. 他们受表扬还是受批评是根据他们工作好坏而定。
He goes to the library every day except when it is raining. 除了天下雨外，他每天都去图书馆。
注意：
that引导的宾语从句只用在少数介词后，如：except, in, but等。此时，that不能省略。
I know little about him except that he lives downstairs. 我对他知之甚少，只知道他住在楼下。
He differed from his classmates in that he devoted his spare time to reading. 他和他的同学们不同的地方在于他把业余时间用在阅读上。
C. 作形容词的宾语
I am not sure what I ought to do. 我不能确定我该做什么。
I'm afraid (that) you don't understand what I said. 恐怕你没领会我说的意思。
I'm surprised (that) I didn't see all that before. 我好奇怪，我以前没见过那一切。
D. 用it作形式宾语的情况
1．和it作形式主语一样，我们常用it来作形式宾语，把真正的宾语从句放在句末，这种情况尤其出现在带复合宾语的句子中。
We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not come yesterday. 我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪的。
He has made it clear that he will not give n. 他已表明他不会屈服。
2．由于that引导的宾语从句一般不可以直接作介词的宾语，因此当介词后面需要用that从句作宾语时，必须使用it作形式宾语。
You may depend on it that I shall always support you. 你可以放心我会永远支持你的。
I'll see to it that your problem will be dealt with immediately. 我保证你的问题会立即得到处理的。
3．在take, hide, see to, insist on, depend on等动词以及一些表示爱好的动词（enjoy, hate, like, love, don't mind, resent 等）之后，形式宾语it可直接跟宾语从句。
I take it that he's not interested in the book. 我猜想他对这本书不感兴趣。
She hid it that she was married. 她隐瞒了她已婚的事实。
I don't like it when you look at me like that! 我不喜欢那样看我。
4. it不能作由连接代词whoever, whomever, whosever, whatever, whichever引导的宾语从句的形式宾语。
You may do whatever you will. 你可做任何你想做的事。
I'll take whichever book interests me.我愿买任何让我感兴趣的书。
We are ready to offer help to whoever needs it. 我们乐意帮助任何需要帮助的人。
E．宾语从句的语序
和其他词性从句一样，宾语从句必须使用陈述语序，不能用疑问语序。
How can I get to the station Can you tell me
→Can you tell me how I can get to the station 你能告诉我怎样去车站吗？
What does he like I wonder
→I wonder what he likes. 我想知道他喜欢什么。
Where were you born He asked→ He asked me where I was born. 他问我出生的地方。
比较：
He asked me what was the matter. 他问我出了什么事。(the matter = wrong)
He asked me what the matter was. 他问我那是什么物质。
F．宾语从句中的时态
1．在一般情况下，宾语从句中时态要和主句相一致，尤其是主句为过去时态时。
He said that he had lived in Beijing since liberation. 他说自解放以来他一直住在北京。
He made it quite clear that he preferred to learn English. 他明确地说他更喜欢学英语。
2．有时，宾语从句中时态也可以和主句不一致。
You can't imagine how they were excited when they won the first place in the game.你无法想象他们获得比赛第一名时是多么的兴奋。
Can you make sure where you have put the gold ring 你能确定你把金戒指放哪儿了吗？
3．客观真理和自然规律的内容在宾语从句中时态保持不变。
Mike asked whether the earth moves around the sun. 迈克问地球是否绕着太阳转。
Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证明了地球是圆的。
G．关于that的省略
一般情况下，宾语从句中的that是可以省略的。但在下列几种情况下，that一般不可省略。
1．介词后面的that不能省。
Pater is a good student except that he is sometimes careless.彼得是好学生，只是有时粗心。
2．并列连词and连接两个或两个以上宾语从句，and前面的that可以省略，and的后面的that不能省略。
Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened. 大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。My uncle says (that) he has served here for twenty years and that he is going to retire next month. 我叔叔说他在这儿工作已二十年了，下个月即将退休。
3．that引导的宾语从句位于句首时，that不可省略。
That he ever said such a thing I simply don't believe. 我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。
4．主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。
He said that, if he could manage it, he would come for dinner. 他说，如果他安排得好的话，他会来吃晚饭的。
5．宾语从句中有其他从属连词时，that不能省略。
He told me that if it was necessary they would work all night. 他告诉我，如果需要的话，他们就干个通宵。
H．宾语从句的否定转移
在think, consider, believe, suppose, expect, fancy等动词后的宾语从句，如有否定意思，一般要把否定词前移到主句的语上，从句的谓语用肯定的形式。
I don't think he can do it better than me. 我想他不会干得比我好。
I don't believe they have finished their work yet. 我相信他们还未完成他们的工作。
I don't suppose he cares, does he 我想他不会在意的，是吗？
提示：
在下列情况下，宾语从句不否定转移：
1．think等词前有副词和表示强调的do
I really expect he wont fail the examination. 我真希望他不会不通过考试。
I do think that he is not fair. 我确实认为他是不公正的。
2．think等词和其他词构成并列谓语
I think and hope that he won't cheat at cards. 我想，也希望他打牌不会作弊的。
3．think等词作为插入语
His decision is not wise, I think. 我觉得他的决定并不明智。
I．使用虚拟语气的宾语从句
1．在suggest insist, order, demand, request, require, command, propose, desire等表示建议、命令、要求、欲望动词后面的宾语从句中，用虚拟语气，即should +动词原形，should常被省略。
He suggested that we should have a further discussion about the final decision. 他建议我们对最后的决定作进一步讨论。
She insisted that they should sow her their passports. 她坚决要求他们向她出示护照。
2．在wish后面的宾语从句中需要用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反或难以实现的愿望。
How I wish I had learned more! 我多么希望我以前多学一些啊！
He wishes he would have another chance to go abroad. 他希望能再有一次出国的机会。
J．含有宾语从句复合句的反意疑问句
①反意疑问句一般与主句一致。
He said they were going to help me, didn't he？他说过他们要帮我，不是吗？
She told you that the mat was her own work, didn't she 她告诉过你这个垫子是她亲自做的，是吗？
②当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think, believe, consider, imagine, suppose, hope 等词时，反意疑问句应与宾语从句保持一致。这时特别要注意否定转移的问题。
I suppose you're serious, aren't you 我想你是当真的，不是吗？(不可用don't I)
I don't suppose he's serious, is he 我想他不是当真的，是吗？(不可用do I)
提示：
如果主语是第二、第三人称，则疑问句部分与主句一致，且不存在否定转移的问题。
You don't think we can speak English, do you 你认为我们不会说英语，对吗？
He thinks he's got the right answer, doesn't he 他认为自己找到了正确的答案，是吗？
同位语从句
同位语从句用于对前面的名词作进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。同位语从句一般由that引导，但也可以由whether 以及连接代词和连接副词引导。
A．同位语从句一般跟在名词fact, hope, idea, news, doubt, suggestion, information, opinion, decision, discovery, truth, promise, statement, problem, rule等的面。
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick. 对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come 你在哪儿听说我不能来？
I have no idea whether he'll come or not. 我不知道他是否来。
We haven't yet settled the question where we are going t spend our summer vacation. 到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。
It is a question how he did it. 那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
There is no doubt that we will win. 毫无疑问我们会赢的。
注意：
当含有同位语从句的主句谓语部分过短时，可以把谓语动词提前，使同位语从句与名词隔开，以避免头重脚轻的现象。
Word came that Mr. President would come and inspect our school himself. 有消息说总统先生将亲自来视察我们学校。
B．使用虚拟语气的同位语从句
在一些表示建议、命令、要求的名词后的同位语从句中，谓语动词用should+动词原形表示，should可省略。This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible. 尽快解决这个问题，这是我们唯一的请求。He made the suggestion that we go by train. 他建议我们坐火车去。
练习巩固
1. Do you see _____ I mean?
A. that
B./
C. how
D. what
2. Tell me_____ is on your mind.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. why
3. We must stick to _____ we have agreed on.
A. what
B. that
C. /
D. how
4. Let me see _____.
A. that can I repair the radio
B. whether -I can repair the radio
C. I can repair the radio
D. whether can I repair the radio
5. Keep in mind _____.
A. that the teacher said
B. what did the teacher say
C. that did the teacher say
D. what the teacher said
6. Could you advise me _____?
A. which book should I read first
B. what book should I read first
C. that book 1 should read first
D. which book I should read first
7. He was criticized for _____.
A. he had done it
B. what he had done
C. what had he done
D. that he had done it
8. Would you kindly tell me _____?
A. how can I get to the Beijing Railway Station
B. how I can get to the Beijing Railway Station
C. where can I get to the Beijing Railway Station
D. whether can I get to the Beijing Railway Station
9. Mrs. Smith was very much impressed by _____.
A. what had she seen in China
B. that she had seen in China
C. what she had seen in China
D. which had she seen in China
10. We took it for granted ___
A. that they were not coming
B. that were they not coming
C. they were coming not
D. were they not coining
11. I really don't know _____
A. I should do next
B. what should I do next
C. what I should do next
D. how I should do next
12. I'm afraid _____.
A. the little girl will have to be operated on
B. that will the little girl have to operate on
C. the little girl will have to operate on
D. that will the little girl have to be operated on
13. She walked up to _____ .
A. where did I stand
B. where I stood
C. I stood there
D. where I stood there
14. Can you tell me _____?
A. who is that gentleman
B. that gentleman is who
C. who that gentleman is
D. whom .is that gentleman
15. We'll give you _____.
A. that do you need
B. what do you need
C. whatever you need
D. whether do you need
16. They want us to know _____ to help us.
A. what can they
B. what they can
C. how they can
D. how can they
17. We must put _____ into practice.
A. what we have learned
B. that we have learned
C. that have we learned
D. what have we learned
18. Did she say anything about _____?
A. that the work was to be done
B. how was the work to be done
C. that was the work to be done
D. how the work was to be done
19. He was never satisfied with _____.
A. what she had achieved
B. had what she achieved
C. she had achieved
D. that she achieved
20. These photographs will show you _____.
A. what does our village look like
B. what our village looks like
C. how does our village look like
D. how our village looks like
21. Peter insisted _____ he pay the bill.
A. on that
B. what
C. that
D. on which
22. They urged _____ the library open during the vacation.
A. when
B. where
C. why
D. that
23. We wish we could have learned _____ when we were at high school.
A. what you did
B. that you had done
C. that what you did
D. what did you do
24.1 will describe to you _____ I saw when there.
A. what
B. that
C. which
D./
25. From _____ I should say he is a good worker.
A. what 1 know of him
B. that I do know of him
C. what do I know of him
D. that do I know of him
26. I will give this dictionary to __ wants to have it.
A. whomever
B. anyone
C. whoever
D. someone
27._____ they will come here hasn't been decided yet.
A. What
B. That
C. When
D. Where
28. _____ was said here must be kept secret.
A. Who
B. The thing
C. Whatever
D. Where
29. It is still a question _____ we shall have our sports meet.
A. if
B. that
C. what
D. when
30. I'm going anyway. _____ she will go is up to her to decide.
A. If or not
B. Whether or not
C. If
D. That
31. It is strange _____ she has left without saying a word.
A. that
B. what
C. why
D. how
32. It is very clear _____ our policy is a correct one.
A. what
B. that
C. why
D. where
33. _____ Mr. Zhang said is quite right.
A. That
B. When
C. What
D. Whether
34. It has been decided _____ he will be sent there.
A. if
B. whether
C. why
D. that
35. It doesn't matter _____he's come back or not.
A. if
B. whether
C. that
D. when
36. I t’s a great pity _____ we won’t be able to finish the task on time.
A. when
B. that
C. why
D. where
37. It happened _____ I wasn't there that day.
A. when
B. why
C. where
D. that
38._____ you have done might do harm to other people.
A. What
B. That
C. Which
D. The things
39. _____ leaves the room last ought to turn oft the lights.
A. Anyone
B. The person
C. Whoever
D. Who
40._____ the 2000 Olympic Games won't be held in Beijing is known to all.
A. Whether
B. If
C. Whenever
D. That
41. _____ fails to see this will make a big mistake.
A. That
B. Whoever
C. Whether
D. Whether or not
42. __ we need more equipment is quite obvious.
A. What
B. Whether
C. That
D. Whatever
43. Has it been announced _____?
A. when are the planes to take off
B. that are the planes to take off
C. where are the planes to take off
D. when the planes are to take off
44. That is _____ we all support his idea.
A. what
B. why
C. where
D. when
45. That’s _____ we should do.
A. that
B. what
C. how
D. why
46. _____ is troubling me is _____ I don’t understand _____ he said
A. What; that; what
B. What; what; what
C. That; that; what
D. Why; that; which
47. Things were not _____ they seemed to be.
A. when
B. why
C. that
D. what
48. That’s _____ I want to say.
A. all what
B. what
C. all which
D. what that
49. That’s _____ .
A. where our differences lie
B. our differences lie there
C. where do our differences lie
D. that where our differences lie
50. That is _____ .
A. where lived he there
B. where did he live
C. where he lived
D. that where he lived
51. The questions is _____.
A. whether is it worth doing
B. that if it is worth doing
C. whether it is worth doing
D. if it is worth doing
52. Water will continue to be _____ it is today next in importance to oxygen.
A. how
B. which
C. what
D. as
53. That's_____.
A. how did I become a teacher
B. how I became a teacher
C. how a teacher I became
D. that I became a teacher
54. They are just _____.
A. that what shall I have
B. what shall I have
C. that I shall have what
D. what I shall have
55. It looked ____.
A. as if it was going to rain
B. that as if it was going to rain
C. as if was it going to rain
D. as if that it was going to rain
56. That's_____.
A. how she did it
B. that how did she do it.
C. how did she do it
D. what she did it
57. That is _____ we decided to put the discussion off.
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. why
58. That’s _____ I lived when I was ten years old.
A. where
B. at which
C. there where
D. when
59. My suggestion is _____ we should send a few comrades to help them.
A. if
B. that
C. when that
D. that where
60. The idea _____ all people are selfish is wrong.
A. what
B. that
C. why
D. if
61. We heard the news _____ our team had won.
A. that
B. what
C. whether
D. why
62. The fact _____ he hadn’t said anything surprised us all.
A. why
B. if
C. that
D. whether
63. I have no idea _____ she will be back.
A. that
B. where
C. that when
D. when
64. We must keep in mind the fact _____ China is still a developing country.
A. whether
B. that
C. why
D. when
65. They have no idea at all _____.
A. where he has gone
B. where did he go
C. where has he gone
D. which place he has gone
练习讲解
1~5 DBABD 6~10 DBBCA 11~15 CABCC 16~20 BADAB 21~25 CDAAA 26~30 CCCDB 31~35 ABCDB
36~40 BDACD 41~45 BCDBB 46~50 ADBAC 51~55 CCBDA 56~60 ADABB 61~65 ACDBA
考点回顾
一、引导词what 与that 的区别
引导主、宾、表语从句时，what 要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分，that 不作任何成分，而只在语法上起连接作用。例如
_________ we can’t get seems better than _________ we have.
A. What；what
B. What；that
C. That；that
D. That；what
解析：本句包含一个主语从句和一个宾语从句，且两个从句都缺乏宾语，可见两个引导词都必须充当从句的宾语，所以答案为A 项。
在下面的例句中，that 不充当任何成分，只起语法连接作用（因为句子本身不缺成分）：
That the former Iraq president Saddam was captured has been proved.
二、引导词whether 和if 的区别
通常，引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时，连词要用whether，而不用if ；习惯上也只能说whether or not，而不说if or not .例如：
_________ the meeting will be held in Beijing is not known yet.
A. Whenever
B. If
C. Whether
D. That
解析：题中的从句位于句首，不难知道这是一个主语从句，根据句意，答案为 C 项。但如果宾语或主语从句为否定句时，只能用that，不能用whether 引导。如：
That you don’t like him is none of my business.
三、名词性从句的语序
与别的从句一样，名词性从句必须用自然语序，即使在疑问句中，从句也不倒装（而在主句上倒装）。例如：No one can be sure _________ in a million years.
A. what man will look like
B. what will man look like
C. man will look like what
D. what look will man like
解析：由于从句不能倒装，所以答案只能选A 项。同时还须注意，从句的引导词必须始终置于句首。
四、who / whoever，what / whatever 等的区别
一般说来，what / who 等含特指意义，而whatever，whoever 等含泛指意义。例如：
It is generally considered unwise to give a child _________ he or she wants.
A. however
B. whatever
C. whichever
D. whenever
解析：答案为B 项。Whatever 引导一个宾语从句，并且作wants 的宾语。这里的whatever 不能改成what，因为题意想表达的显然是“无论孩子要什么，就给他/ 她什么是不明智的”，具有泛指的概念。同时要注意，这里whatever 也不能改用no matter what，因为后者只能引导状语从句。
五、where，when，why 等连接副词引导的名词性从句
where，when，why 等连接副词也可以引导名词性从句，使用的关键是：这个词必须符合句子的逻辑要求。例如：— I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
— Is that _________ you had a few days off？
A. why
B. when
C. that
D. where
解析：答案为A 项，why 引导的从句作表语，同时why 在从句中作原因状语。又如：
— Do you remember _________ he came？
— Yes. I do，he came by car.
A. how
B. when
C. that
D. if
解析：答案为A 项。从答语he came by car 可知，这里问的是he 来的方式，所以用how 引导。
六、“介词+ who（m）”引导的宾语从句与“介词+who（m）”引导的宾语从句的区别
介词后面的引导词用主格还是宾语，决定于它在宾语从句中作主语还是宾语。例如：
It was a matter of _________ would take the position.
A. who
B. whoever
C. whom
D. whomever
解析：答案为A 项。由于这里的引导词在从句中作主语，所以要用主格who （作宾语时自然要用whom ）。
比较下例：
Our country has thousands of excellent scientists，most of whom have received higher education at home.
这是一个“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句。引导定语从句的是“ most of + 关系代词”，而不只是这个关系代词，同时这个引导词又作介词of 的宾语，所以要用宾格whom .
七、名词性从句中有插入成分时
此时应注意两点：一是从句仍然不倒装，而在插入成分上倒装；二是要注意主语的主格和宾格的选择。例如：_________ you have seen both fighters，_________ will win？
A. Since；do you think who
B. As；who you think
C. When；whoever
D. Since；who do you think
解析：答案为D 项。其中do you think 是插入成分，其余部分是宾语从句，作think 的宾语。由于引导词在从句中作主语，所以要用主格who .
八、引导词that 的省略
引导宾语从句时，that 通常可以省略，但引导主语、表语和同位语从句时，that 不能省略。例如：China’s success in manned-space-craft travel shows _________ out country has become one of the greatest powers in space research.
A. what
B. which
C. 不填
D. it that
解析：该句中的从句作shows 的宾语，是宾语从句，又因为从句中不缺主语、宾语，所以只能用that 引导；又因引导宾语从句时that 可以省略，所以答案是C 项。
九、同位语从句引导词where，when 的用法特点
说明先行词内容的同位语从句的引导词where，when 与被说明的名词在概念上不一致。但引导定语从句的引导词却必须保持一致。试比较：
① Then arose the question _________ we were to get so much money.
② This is the house _________ the great man Mao Zedong was born 110 years ago.
A. where
B. that
C. about which
D. in which
解析：①的答案为A 项；②的答案为A 项或D 项。先行词与where，when 概念一致时，是定语从句，此时，关系副词where 或when 可以用“介词+which ”形式代替。①中的question 与where 不表同一概念，可见是同位语从句，where 不能改用“介词+which ”的形式。②中的house 与where 同表地点，所以选A 项或D 项都可以。
高中英语各种从句训练附答案
高中英语三大从句练习题 1．Football is a very interesting game , is played all over the world．A．that B．which C．it D．who 2．The last place we visited was the Great Wall． A．which B．that C．where D．it 3 He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school． A．which B．who C．it D．that 4．His uncle works in a factory bicycles are made． A．that B．which C．where D．there 5．I often thought of my childhood , I lived on a farm． A．which B．where C．when D．who 6．Jack’s dog became ill and died , made him very lonely ． A．as B．which C．that D．this 7．I wonder how much ． A．cost these shoes B．do these shoes cost C．these shoes cost D．are these shoes cost 8．Computers can only give out has been stored in them . A．that B．which C．what D．anything 9．My friend wouldn’t tell me his new car ． A．how much he paid for B．how much did he pay C．he paid how much for D．did he pay how much 10．It doesn’t matter I rest or not ． A．if B．whether C．that D．when 11．The trouble is we are short of tools ． A．what B．that C．how D．which 12． I can’t understand is he wants to change his mind．A．That , that B．Which , what C．What , what D．What, why 13．The thought he might fail in the exam worried him ． A．which B．that C．when D．/ 14．The fact he is an orphan is well known． A．what B．that C．which D．/ 15． I will accept the gift is none of your business． A．If B．Whether C．What D．Which 16． I have will be yours sooner or later ． A．No matter what B．No matter whatever C．Whatever D．That 17. Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 18. Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 19. Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 20. The wolves hid themselves in the places __________ couldn’t be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that 21. I have bought the same dress __________ she is wearing.
高一必修3-Unit-4-名词性从句学案
名词性从句 同学们，在第3、4、5单元我们分别学习了宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句和同位语从句。它们都属于名词性从句。现在，我们将从下面几点谈谈名词性从句： 一、相关概念; 二、种类; 三、常见引导词; 四、七大常考考点: 1.that \ what \ which; 2.it形式主语、宾语的用法; 3.语序问题; 4.同位语从句和定从的区别; 5.what \ whatever… 6.if\whether; 7.虚拟语气问题; 五、相关习题集中练习 一. 相关概念 1. 名词：表示人或事物的名称的词 2. 名词的句法作用：名词在句中主要作主语,宾语,表语和同位语。另外还可以作定语,状语。 3. 名词性从句：在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫:名词性从句。 二、名词性从句的种类 1. When we will start is not clear. 主语从句 2. Mrs. Black won’t believe that her son has become a thief. 宾语从句 3. My idea is that we should do it right now. 表语从句 4. I had no idea that you were her friend.同位语从句 三、常见引导词： 1）从属连词that只引导，本身无意义，仅起引导作用。（引导宾语从句时可省，但是如果是并列的多个宾语从句，只能省第一个） 2）连接代词who, whom, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever等，有意义，作成分 3）连接副词where, when, how, why等，有意义，在句中作状语
2019届二轮复习语法专题 名词性从句学案(8页word版)
2019届二轮复习语法专题名词性从句学案 在复合句中起到名词作用的从句叫名词性从句，包括主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的词有：连词that，whether，if；连接代词和连接副词what, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why，how等。名词性从句可以表示两方面：一个事实，一个问题。问题又分两方面即一般问句和特殊问句，请看下图： 一、主语从句就是做主语的从句。它由 that 和其他疑问词引导。 1．That they are rich is true, isn't it? (that 不能省略) 2．Where he got it is unknown to us. 3．They lost their way in the woods, and what made matters worse was that night began to fall. 4．Whoever said that was wrong. 5．______ ______ _______ ______ _______ ______ ______ (地球围绕太阳转) is a truth. 6．_______ _______ _______ (任何努力学习的人) will pass the exam. 7．______ ____ _____ ______(我所告诉你的) just now was what had been written in the letter. 8．_______ ______ _________ _____ _______ _____ _____ ____( 我是接受礼物还是拒绝它)is none of your business. 有时用 it 作形式主语，而把真正的主语从句移到后面。其句型有： a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary/important that… 有必要/重要的是…… It is obvious that… 很明显…… b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is believed that…人们相信…… It is known to all that…从所周知…… It has been decided that…已决定…… c. It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge that………是常识 It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是…… It is a fact that…事实是…… d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句
高考冲刺 高中英语“从句篇”语法专题汇总
高考冲刺高中英语“从句篇”语法专 题汇总 距离高考的日子掰着手指头也能数清了。将高中英语所有语法专题总结在一起，供大家系统学习。 从句篇 定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略） who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语
注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which或 of which+the+名词 2、as 的用法 （1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个 （2）as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。 Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。 注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above,
as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。 3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not 例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng. 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为 all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 5、当先行词是数词时. 6、当先行词既指人又指物时。 7、如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用 that。
高中英语状语从句讲解汇总
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