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大学英语六级考生的备考经验

大学英语六级考生的备考经验
大学英语六级考生的备考经验

写给大学英语六级考生的备考经验

最近有很多人都问我如何去备考六级,作为一位已经走过六级并在英语方面仍然不放弃的人,相信我的建议对大家来说还是有一定帮助的。我分别从下面几个方面说一说我个人对六级的理解。

一、各项考试情况

虽然说四六级要改革,但我想目前还是改不了那么快,不过大家还是尽快考吧,新的来了肯定不适应。现行的考试由四部分组成,听力、阅读、综合和写作。

听力部分:

听力是很多同学头疼的一块,我发现很多同学四六级差一点但没过都是卡在听力上的。很多人认为听力很难,因此平时就放弃听力的提高机会,想从其他方面多提高一点,其实我觉得这是一个很大的误区。真正说难提高的我觉得是阅读,我觉得除了掌握正确阅读技巧之外,长期的训练才会有好的效果,阅读的提高没大家想的那么容易。综合部分主要考查词汇的运用,我觉得六级考试最难考的部分就是它了,虽然有的人把六级词汇背个两三遍,但不见得在这方面能拿好分数,这部分对词汇的要求实在有些过高,有些选项很牵强。从性价比角度上说我觉得在这里浪费那么多时间和精力是不值得的。

我希望大家从心理上消除听力难得障碍,而且对于一个想把英语学好的人来说,听力的能力是很重要的。六级英语的听力一点都不难。

听力差主要有几方面的原因。一是语音不过关,很多人背单词不记忆读音,听力的时候就不知道自己听的是哪个词,自然听不好。或者有的同学发音不标准,都是造成听到单词没反应的原因,对这些同学,应该纠正自己的读音。星火式的词汇书是有配套磁带的,建议跟读。第二个原因就是不适应听力的语境,听得太少。其实四六级听力考来考去那些段子都是在生活和校园里经常出现的对话,大家可以通过看历年真题的听力文字多熟悉题目,你看多了就会发现做起题来简单很多。这就是为什么我们读过或背过的文字再去听一般都能听懂。第三个原因是对文化背景和常用短语的不熟悉,造成理解上的障碍。英文口语中有很多口语化的词汇是我们平时读课本没见过的,但是在听力段子里经常出现。所以我们只能积极一点,材料的获得如果你懒,就多搜集历年真题,把里面出现的你不懂得和出现频率高的短语和口语化词汇句型专门写出来,也就一两张纸吧。对于文化背景,有可能就尽可能多了解,但在考试的时候最多影响你一两道题,不是太可怕。

当你找到自己听力差的原因的时候,对症下药,一般来说都会有很大提高的。而且一般说来,你现在的听力水平越差,你能提高进步的幅度就越大。可以让你的成绩上一大个台阶。所以一定要对自己有信心!

如何解决听力问题呢?我觉得要提高英语水平,不管是哪方面的,都要精泛结合。所谓的精泛结合就是在认真研究如何提高英语能力(——所谓的精)的同时通过大量的训练(泛)巩固提高,从而达到最好的效果。有的人总是一天到晚拿个耳机在听,但始终没设么提高,反而养成了一听力就困的坏习惯。对于听力基础不太好的同学,我的建议是先多精听。精到

什么程度呢?我觉得有一个特别有效的方法就是你抽两三套历年真题,拿着随身听和纸笔,把题目和答案收起来,跟着磁带听一句写一句。别笑这个方法,实践过的人都承认这个方法非常好,至于为什么好,我花非常多笔墨也讲不完,我建议大家按照这个方法去做。一来练好听力,二来也可以锻炼自己的耐性。我说一下具体做法吧。

听一句把机子暂停写一句,如果没听清,倒带回去听,直到你听懂为止。听清楚了再下一句。如果一句话你听了很多遍都没听明白,那就放那做个记号,等你听完整套题的时候,把它的听力答案拿出来一一对照,边听边修改。找找自己没听出来的原因(按照我上面说的三方面愿因去找),只有你真正自己这样做过,才知道自己的差距到底在哪,才能真正提高听力水平。大家不要怕花时间,其实花不了很多时间的,你只要精听几套题就够了,用不着把所有的都听下来,你就已经有很大进步了。如果近几年听力都有听写段子的话,说明它已经成为一种趋势了,大家就只要听历年真题的第一部分短对话就行了。短对话的提高相当快,可以节省很多时间。但对于长对话考不考,你们应该了解比我多,我不敢妄下结论。

听一套题十道题用不了多少时间的,刚开始会比较不顺利,但坚持下去,你会有很大收获的,其实这个方法是托福雅思听力人常用的方法,特别管用,会让你的听力实力有很大提高,在你精听几套题之后,做大量泛听,你会发现听的感觉不一样了。过一段时间再把听过的题拿来听写,经常精泛结合,到考试的时候听力水平基本上就很稳定了。

阅读部分:

阅读确实是比较难提高的,如果你现在阅读水平不错,只要自己仔细研究一下真题的套路就行了。对于阅读上漏洞比较大的同学,要有足够的重视,听力+阅读是考试中的重头戏,直接影响到你的整体分数,说实话如果这两部分做的不好的,你的另外两部分也好不到哪去,你只要把这60%的题做好了,剩下的捡一些分就过了。当然对于那些想拿超高分的人,也就不屑于我说的这些话了。我算过,做好听力和阅读,作文再重视一下,综合部分随便拿点分,你要考得好,600也是有可能拿到的。

阅读的题总结来总结去,不外乎两种类型:主旨题和细节题。主旨题的难度一般说来难度不大,大家在训练的时候只要能抓住文章大意就可以了,尽量保证把这类题做对。一般来说文章首段和每段首句中隐含了较多主旨方面的信息,所以在考虑的时候不要过于重视细节,一般认真分析之后不太容易做错,错了就不太应该了。细节题的考察范围很广,有的考察词汇或句子的含义,有的问你某个细节性问题,更难一点的让你做出一定的推断。推断题的错误率经常较高,但其实大家看看答案就会发现错就错在想得太远了,推断只要想到最直接最简单的就够了,这是中国学生最容易犯的毛病。词汇和句意题一方面要结合上下文,对词汇和句子的掌握也有一定的要求。这种题有时候可以猜,猜不了就只有看你的老底了。其他细节题主要是在文章中找到对应区间认真分析,难度也不是太大。关键要区间定位准确。

阅读的最好方法是先浏览一遍,了解文章大意,理清楚每一段讲了些什么,主旨题基本可以先做。然后看完所有题目,把细节题对回原文定位,通过对相关语句的分析找出答案。有的人习惯先看答案再看文章,不是说不可行,要是一时改不过来,也不勉强。其实这样做有一个很大的弊端就是你老是想去找跟题目对应的字眼,但有时题目在文章中换了字眼,效率很低,而且主旨题也容易出错。如果现在还有一定的时间,最好能改变阅读方式,也有利于将来在阅读上的发展。

阅读还有一个问题是时间,考试时间有限,所以大家一定要在正确率和速度之间做一个权衡,不要影响其它部分的考试。我建议大家先做阅读后做综合部分,有的人在词汇上花很多时间,但其实拿不了多少分,尽量保证把阅读做好。但也不要全花在阅读上了,考试策略很重要。其实阅读做的太慢了,也不见得你就能得高分,还是要用正确的方法去取得相对较好的效果。对于句子的语法分析,不要钻得过难,只要不影响句意理解就够了。六级考试会有一些长难句,不过这种句子答案部分解释都很详细,大家看懂就行。

综合部分:

这一部分大多数人拿不到好分数,即使是那些成绩出来不错的人,说实话我觉得这部分题没什么意思,只要是能捡的分你就捡一点。但大家不要因为不重视这部分就不背单词了。单词是要背的,不然阅读会有比较大的障碍,我的背单词要求是在阅读里出现的时候你能大概知道意思,不管怎么说你背过单词,综合部分一些基本题你还是会做的,我只是建议大家不要在这块上花太多的无用功,因为这部分对单词掌握的要求太高了,大家不如临考前一个月做做真题,对对答案,其实高频词考的重复率挺高的。

写作部分:

写作大家不用怕,只要考前一个月多练练就行,重要的是要言之有理,理清思路,内容丰富一些,如果要让语言好一点,可以考虑把一些简单词用高级的词替换,比如说重要,别老用important,你可以用cardinal, essential, vital等等,这些东西平时注意积累一下,再背几个漂亮的句子,句式要注意变换,别老用定语从句,我觉得要写得好,还是平时背些好词好句。

以我的经验,作文考得不好的肯定考前没好好练,不需要写很多,关键是写了之后好好修改一下,收获会很大的。对于市面上的四六级范文,我觉得没什么必要花时间在那种书上,还是要自己写了多总结。如果说怎样能写得好一点,我不知道四六级作文在网上能否找到模版,托福雅思是有的,大家可以去找找看。

关于备考安排

有很多人对复习都没有什么好的安排,表面上很重视,可是没有具体的行动。我觉得要有一个总体的安排。情况是因人而异的。如果你自信英语水平不错,考试不在话下,你就可以不用复习了,考前做几套题就行了。我考得时候,半个月看了一下单词,其实什么都没记住,等于无用功,考前三天只做了听力,就上考场了,考了五百多,也马马虎虎啦。

你要是对自己没把握,或者考了几次都没过,那你就要引起重视了。临时抱佛脚是不会有效果的,四级可能还行,六级毕竟比四级难,不要抱侥幸心理。现在离六月的考试还有三个月,一定抓紧时间,时间是过得很快的。当你觉得时间还很多的时候,一晃马上就考了。很多同学到最后都临时突击,考一次突击一次,突击了好几次都没过,不是浪费时间吗?如果有一个好的安排,花点时间,肯定能过。所以大家一定要摆正心态。

备考的第一步是扫除单词障碍,对于不打算拿很高分数的同学,你只要认识单词就行了,不必深究单词之间过多的辨析,保证你在阅读时能认得,听力是能听懂就可以了。大概花一个月的时间把单词背完,只背五六级的词就够了。

我要说说单词该怎样去背。大家背单词千万不要第一次太过于认真,你再认真记忆效果也不见得好,背词在于多反复,要坚持,这是背单词最关键的。我建议大家在背词的一个月里好好安排计划,注意昨天背的第二天一定要回去复习,否则你无论背多少时间都记不住的。还有一点重要的是背单词的时候一定要注意力集中,才有效果。

接下来就是各项突破。根据个人情况的不同,侧重点也不一样。根据自己的情况调整,我只是给出一个总的规划,供大家参考:

考前三个月:背完一遍单词

考前两个月:听力和阅读突破,巩固词汇

考前一个月:综合部分,通过做真题掌握词汇

写作每星期两篇,记得反复修改

最后十天:每天按两小时模拟考试,总结经验(用近几年的真题)

我还想说一点就是大家复习的时候一定要用真题,任何的模拟题都是没有效果的。既然复习,就要每天坚持,说实话学英语还是要靠自己,没有特别的捷径,我之所以写了这么多,就是希望后人能够在复习的时候按照正确的方法,提高效率。如果你能按上述所说的踏实地做,相信三个月后,你模考的时候会充满自信,没有周围同学那么多的苦恼,上考场也一定不慌不乱。同时,你会看到你自己英语能力的真正提升,为将来的发展打下好基础。

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