翻译作业12
Passage one（CET-4）: 汉译英- ABC公司
ABC集团股份有限公司创办于1981年，是一家综合性大型国有企业。经过22年的发展，ABC集团从一个制作音像磁带的小型地方工厂发展成为自主经营（不用国家资本投入）的大型企业，年销售超过了30亿。如今ABC 集团已成为国内外知名企业，在多媒体电子、家用电器、通讯设施、信息以及电工等许多领域都有所发展。同时ABC集团一直稳步发展，在过去十年中以47%的复合年增长率不断增长，是增长速度最快的工业制造企业之一。目前，ABC涉及的家电、通讯设施、信息以及电工四大主导产品都居国内同行前列。从整体上看，ABC集团在全国知名电子信息百强企业中列第4名，2002年其品牌价值达人民币18.769亿元。2002年ABC集团销售总额达人民币31.9亿元，出口创汇1.16亿美元。同时，2002年ABC产生利润人民币1.5亿元，纳税人民币1.9亿元。
Passage two: Cyber-promotion
Until the late 1940s, when television began finding its way into American homes, companies relied mainly on print and radio to promote their products and services. The advent of television brought about a revolution in product and service. Today the Internet is once again transforming promotion. By going online, companies can communicate instantly and directly with prospective customers. Promotion on the World Wide Web includes advertising (usually in the form of banners across the top of Websites), sponsorships, and sales promotions like sweepstakers, contests, coupons, and rebates. In 1996 World Wide Web advertising revenues topped $300million.
Effective online marketers don’t merely transfer hard- copy ads to cyberspace. Successful
sites blend promotional and non- promotional information indirectly delivering the advertising messages. To encourage visits to their sites and to create and cultivate customer loyalty, companies change information frequently and provide many opportunities for interaction.
A prototype for excellent online promotion is the Ragu Web site. Here visitors can find thirty-six pasta recipes, take Italian lessons, and view an Italian film festival, but they will find no traditional ads. So subtle is the mix of product and promotion, visitors hardly know an advertising message has been delivered. Sega of America, maker of computer games and hardware, uses its Web site for a variety of different promotions, such as introducing new game characters to the public and supplying Web surfers the opportunity to download games. Sega’s home page averages 250,000 visits a d ay. To heighten interest in the site, Sega bought an advertising banner on Netscape, thereby increasing site visits by15percent.
To target specific Internet users, an increasing number of companies are using “push” technology, which automatically deliv ers customized news and other information to users’ computers when they log onto the Internet. Although organizations like Nielsen Media Research are developing technologies to enhance audience measurement and tracking, it remains difficult to assess how many times the same person looks at an ad and who that person is. Although online promotions can be glamorous and sophisticated, they are not perfect. For a well- designed marketing mix, industry experts advise companies to use the Internet as a supplement to other advertising media.
补充知识-公关文稿的书写方法（不用翻译）
公关文稿的语言特点：
1.真实、准确
公共关系的主旨在于陈述事实，以便公众能够根据事实进行公正、准确的评估，引起他们的兴趣，进而对他们产生影响。基于这一主旨，公关文稿要求坚持真实性、准确性的原则。
2.富于创意
任何文章都不能是复制品，而应该有所创新。公关文稿则更需要独具创意。作为实施公关方案的一种手段，也要求文稿体现策划意识的独创性，构思的别具匠心。公关文稿的总体风格是平实的，但好的公关文稿平而不淡，实而不死，具有引人入胜的可读性、趣味性和感召力。
3.语言庄重谦恭
公关文稿的语言要求庄重得体，谦恭有礼。公关文稿要求以情动人，动人的文辞必不可少。但这种感情应出自内心，要真挚、诚恳，公关语言应当是庄重的，而不应该是矫揉造作的。
范文1：
Mr. and Mrs. John Smith
request the honor of the presence of
Mr. and Mrs. J. A. Brown
at the marriage of their daughter
Elizabeth Smith to Mr. John Frederick Hamilton
Saturday, the twenty-ninth of September
at four o’clock p.m.
Church of Heavenly Rest
New York
J.A.布朗先生及夫人：
兹定于九月二十九日（星期六）下午四时在纽约天安教堂为小女伊丽莎白·史密斯与约翰·弗雷德里克·汉密尔顿先生举行婚礼，届时恭请光临。
约翰·史密斯夫妇谨上范文2：
Ladies and Gentlemen,
We are very happy to be here tonight when we can have the opportunity to express our thanks and to bid farewell to our Chinese friends.
We have just concluded a journey through your remarkable country and we were deeply impressed. Traditionally, Americans admir e progress and the People’s Republic of China is an outstanding example of progress. You have experienced an amazing50years of national achievements.
During our stay here we traveled10,000km of your great country under the expert guidance of capable people with China International Service. In traveling through China we were impressed by the determination and confidence of the Chinese people and by the scenes of construction everywhere.
Of many visits to various areas of the world, the visit to your country was the most culturally rewarding. The friendliness, hospitality, superb food, comfortable accommodations and beautiful scenery combined to make this journey a memorable sojourn for all of us.
We are all leaving tomorrow. You can be sure that we shall always cherish happy memories of your country and your delightful people. Yes, China is one place we’d like to return to—there’s a lot one can learn here. In the meantime, we look forward to the opportunity of receiving you, our Chinese friends, in the United States so that we can return some of your kindness and hospitality.
Thank you!
范文2 译文：(请自己翻译)
范文 3
Mr. Vice President,
Our American friends,
My colleagues,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
On behalf of all the members of our mission, I would like to express our sincere thanks to you for inviting us to such a marvelous Christmas party.
We really enjoyed the delicious food and excellent wine. Also, the music was perfect. I enjoyed meeting and talking to you, and sharing the time together. As we say, well begun is half done.
I hope we will be able to maintain this good relationship and make next year another great one together.
Thank you again for the wonderful party, we had a great time.
In closing, I would like to invite you to join me in a toast.
To the health of Mr. Vice President,
To the health of Our American friends,
To the health of My colleagues, and
To all the ladies and gentlemen present here,
Cheers!
副主席先生，
美国朋友们，
同事们，
女士们，先生们：
我谨代表我们代表团的所有成员，为邀请我们参加这个盛大的圣诞晚会表示衷心的感谢！
我们享受了美酒佳肴，聆听了美妙的音乐。我很高兴能有机会和大家共聚一堂，共同度过这美好的夜晚。俗话说，“好的开端是成功的一半。”我希望我们能够保持这种良好的关系，在新的一年里更加精诚合作。
再次感谢邀请，感谢你们使我们度过了欢乐的时光。
最后，请各位与我一起举杯
为副主席先生的健康，
为美国朋友们的健康，
为我的同事们的健康，
为在座所有的女士们、先生们，
干杯！
翻译作业
The Art of Living The art of living is to know when to hold fast and when to let go. For life is a paradox: it enjoins us to cling to its many gifts even while it ordains their eventual relinquishment. The rabbis of old put it this way: " A man comes to this world with his fist clenched, but when he dies, his hand is open." 生活的艺术在于懂得何时紧紧抓住，何时放手。生活就是一个悖论：它要我们抓住生命赐予的礼物，却又要在最后一一放手。古时的犹太拉比说：“人来到这个世上时紧握着拳头，但当他离去时，手又松开了。” Surely we ought to hold fast to life, for it is wondrous, and full of a beauty that breaks through every pore of God's own earth. 当然我们应紧紧抓住生命，因为它让人惊奇，并且充满了美，它散落在上帝所创造的每一寸土地上的。 We know that this is so, but all too often we recognize this truth only in our backward glance when we remember what was and then suddenly realize that it is no more. 我们知道确实如此，但是我们总在回首时才意识到，过去的一切我们仍然记得，但却明白了一切不再如此。 We remember a beauty that faded, a love that waned. But we remember with far greater pain that we did not see that beauty when it flowered, that we failed to respond with love when it was tendered. 我们会记起的，是一种凋谢的美，一份逝去的爱。当美绽放时我们并没有去留意这份美，当爱情来临时我们未能报之以爱。回想这些，我们会更加心痛。 Here then is the first pole of life's paradoxical demands on us: Never too busy for the wonder and the awe of life. 生活给我们的第一个矛盾的真理：永远不要因为太过忙碌而错过了人生的奇迹与壮丽。 Be reverent before each dawning day. Embrace each hour. Seize each golden minute. 崇敬每一天。拥抱每一小时。抓紧每一分钟。 Hold fast to life... but not so fast that you cannot let go. This is the second side of life's coin, the opposite pole of its paradox: we must accept our losses, and learn how to let go. 牢牢抓住人生，但不要抓得太紧，免得到时候不能放手。放手是人生硬币的另一面，是人生矛盾的另一极：我们必须接受失去并学会放手。 And ultimately, as the parable of the open and closed hand suggests, we must confront the inevitability of our own demise, losing ourselves as it were, all that we were or dreamed to be.
翻译作业5
Good morning. Today's lecture is about the Greenhouse Effect. The “greenhouse effect" often gets a bad rap because of its association with global warming, but the truth is we couldn't live without it. First, I'd like to ask you what causes the greenhouse effect. Life on earth depends on energy from the sun. About 30% of the sunlight that beams toward Earth is deflected by the outer atmosphere and scattered back into space. The rest reaches the planet's surface and is reflected upward again as a type of slow-moving energy called infrared radiation. As it rises, infrared radiation is absorbed by greenhouse gases such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone and methane, which slows its escape from the atmosphere. Although greenhouse gases make up only about 1% of the Earth's atmosphere, they regulate our climate by trapping heat and holding it in a kind of warm air blanket that surrounds the planet. This phenomenon is what scientists call the “greenhouse effect.” Without it, scientists estimate that the average temperature on Earth would be colder by approximately 30 degrees Celsius, far too cold to sustain our current ecosystem. Second, we need to clarify the way humans contribute to the greenhouse effect. While the greenhouse effect is an essential environmental prerequisite for life on Earth, there really can be too much of a good thing. The problems begin when human activities distort and accelerate the natural process by creating more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere than are necessary to warm the planet to an ideal temperature, for example, burning natural gas, coal and oil, including gasoline for automobile engines, raises the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Some farming practices and land-use changes increase the levels of methane and nitrous oxide. Many factories produce long-lasting industrial gases that do not occur naturally, yet contribute significantly to the enhanced greenhouse effect and global warming that is currently under way.
翻译作业
《形合和意合的差异与英汉互译》---英语专业论文范文 关键词：英汉互译形合意合语篇 摘要：由于英语语篇讲究形合，汉语语篇讲究意合，两种语言在联句成篇上的明显差异导致英汉互译不是原文单词与译文单词的对译，而是两种语言的语篇动态对译。掌握两者的差异，有助于更准确地理解原文，更地道地构建译文。 关键词：英汉；互译；形合；意合；语篇 一、引言 语言是文化的载体，任何一种语言都反映了与其相应的文化。西方人重形式分析和逻辑推理，强调“由一到多”的思维传统。在处理问题上，注意把具体问题从总体中分离出来，把极复杂的问题划分为比较简单的形式和部分，然后逐一去研究；汉民族讲究“天人合一”，重视整体思维，注重心理时空的思维方式。在处理问题上，注意从整体上，从一事物与他事物的联系上加以认识，予以解决。英汉民族思维模式的差异导致两种语言在结构上差异明显。英语讲究形合，语法显性，而汉语则注重“意合”，语法隐性。所谓形合，指的是句中的词语或分句之间用语言形式手段（如关联词）连接起来，表达语法意义和逻辑关系。汉语讲究意合。所谓意合，指的是词语或分句之间不用语言形式手段连接，句中的语法意义和逻辑关系通过词语或分句的含义表达。形合和意合的差异是英汉在语言学上最重要的一个区别。 二、英汉语篇形合与意合差异对英汉互译的影响 任何语言都不是独立地使用一种固定的表达模式来传递语言信息的，而是两种模式的混合自由作用。但是受文化背景、思维模式的影响，在表达过程中会表现出不同的特点。英语重形合，汉语重意合。英语行文注重结构、形式，注重显性接应，以形显意，语义连贯诉诸理性，因而句子结构严谨、完整。汉语行文注重功能、意义，注重隐性连贯，以神统形，语义连贯诉诸意向，因而汉语句子比较简洁，少用甚至不用形式连接手段。英汉在语篇的连句表意中彰显出不同的表达特色。可见英汉互译不是原文单词与译文单词的对译，而是两种语言的语篇动态对译。成功的译文应在意义上与原文等值，在遣词造句上看不出硬译的痕迹，符合译文行文要求和表达习惯，做到“信、达、雅”，即：忠实原文的实质精神，表达充分又确切，文字优雅流畅。 英汉形合、意合的差异导致汉译英时，若不加分析，一概完整地逐字、逐词、逐句照译，势必出现“汉化英语”，译文成为英文语篇中的破句或电报语，而英译汉时，则出现“英化汉语”，原文中所存在的连词在译文语篇中显得有些苍白，甚至累赘，失去了语言的简洁性、紧凑性。翻译实践证明，大量句子英汉互译时，往往需要在语篇中重新构建符合译文语言特点的表达。 1. 句子主语的调整。 英汉语句子均由主语和谓语两大部分组成，但英汉语句子主谓之间的句法关系差异明显。英语重形合，句子的主谓之间存有强制性的一致关系，决定谓语动词的人称形式和数形式，因此英语句子的主语在句中一般是不可或缺的。它是如此地不可或缺，以致当主语因修辞原因而移位时，甚至要使用形式主语来补足空位。汉语重意合，句子的主谓之间没有强制性的一致关系，主语对谓语动词的形式没有决定作用，句法地位并不十分重要，在语境（包括上下文、情景语境、常识与背景知识等）中为交际双方所共知的主语常常省去，以意承脉，因而汉语中存在大量的无主句或主语省略句。如以下汉语中的无主句，译成英语时则要补出主语。 （1）好，不再说了吧；要落泪了，真想念北平呀！ （老舍，想北平） Now，let me leave off writing，for I am on the point of shedding tears. How I miss. Peiping! （2）凭窗站了一会儿，微微的觉得凉意侵人。 （冰心，笑） Standing at the window for a while，I felt a bit chilly. （3）It is hard to find out what any county can door will do next. （Lord Dunsany：The Greatest Invention） 很难预料一个国家能做什么或是接着会干什么。 2. 句式上的调整。 意合在形态上是平级配列，而形合在形态上是次级配列。汉语的句子以说话者的意念为主轴，形成一种意念机制，表
《翻译(一)作业参考答案
《翻译(一)》作业参考答案 I. 1.打破记录 2.武装到牙齿 3.酸葡萄 4.君子协定 5.开放政策 6.冷战 7.低声 8.文火 9.占 10.原因 11.消灭 12.交待清楚13.和风 14.软水 15.添煤 16.捏造 17.修好 18.收拾一下 19.软水 20.呢帽 21.好 22.正好 23.右 24.申冤。 II. 1.“一定会把他造就成一个堂堂男子汉”，杰克说“就是应该上大学嘛！” 2.重建家园和保卫家园是我们的职责。 3.这些问题显然使得这位头脑迟钝的发言人感到意外，他立刻显得张口结舌。 4.我的回答并不躲躲躲闪闪。 5.外面一团漆黑，大雨倾盆。 6.他们根本没有答复，这是不足为奇的。 7.在走过市区的时候，他们看见了一座宏伟的酒店。 8.他经常来。 9.他对这个城市完全陌生。 10.这完全是胡说。 11.那个园会真是圆满极了。 12.淡淡的太阳从海上升起。 13.“我知道, 这是在抓救命稻草”, 他无可奈何地说. 14.他的靴子时常闪闪发光. 15.他开了眼界,并懂得了一些名堂. 16.他满脸皱纹, 皮肤很黑,头发灰白稀疏. 17.他们之间存在着种种非常尖锐的问题. 18.我们应学会如何分析问题和解决问题. 19.我们深信，社会主义制度终究会代替资本主动义制度。 20.他回来时，收音机仍然开着。 21.他们将为盲人和聋人修建一所学校。 22.我们感到，解决这个复杂的问题是困难的。 23.我们高度珍视同发展中国家的友好关系。 24.他们在关键时刻的行为给他留下了深刻的印象。 III. A 这是一个最好的历史时期，这又是一个最坏的历史时期； 这是一个充满智慧的年代，这又是一个不乏愚蠢的年代； 这是一个富有信仰的时代，这又是一个轻易怀疑的时代； 这是一个光明普照的季节，这又是一个黑暗笼罩的季节；
翻译作业
１． 私か田舎から北京へ来て、またたく間に6年になる。その間、耳に聞き目に見た国家の大事になるものは数えてみれば相当あった。 ２． 動物はそれなりにその生活条件に適応している。その中でも自然条件が動物に与える影響は大きいものである。ところが人類は、生まれっいて文化環境の中に暮らす。すなわち自然環境と接する場合にも、その間に文化というものが媒介するのである。文化は言語によって仲間に、又時代に伝えられる。人類は其れによって気まぐれな自然の脅威から巧みに身を守ってきた。人類から文化を取り除いてしまえば、これほど無カで臆病な動物が あるだろうか。 ３． 地図を調べてみても、人間が歩いていけそうな距離には村なんてない。其れなのに、人が歩いている。荷物らしい荷物も持たずに、頭に何かを載せただけで、ただただ歩いている。 ４． 私は彼女と長年苦しく愛し合っていたが、この愛は彼女を傷つけた。その分、私自身も傷つけられた。 ５ ジェトロ青島事務所の開設を記念いたしまして、講演会のご案内をいたしましたところ、かくも多、くの皆様に御参集いただき、厚くお礼を申し上げます。各界を代表するご高名の方がお見えでございます。いちいちお名前を申し上げませんが。心 よりお礼を申し上げます。ありがとうございました 为了纪念ジュトロ青島事務所得开设，借演讲介绍来感谢大家在百忙之中， 来出席这次演讲。这次演讲的加宾有各界的知名人士，在这就不一一列举了，真得很感谢你们的捧场。 ６． 視聴率さえとっていれば、どんな「やらせ」をやろうとも、メデ??の責任を考えれば、モラルに反すると思うことをやっでも、大手を振ることができる世界で、それを見習ってい<人間と、そんなことはしたくないと気力が萎えてしまう人間が生まれ、富み栄えるのは前者ということになる。 ７ そればかりではない。考えてみれば、要資格職業での学科試験中心の運営は、（こうした諸試験の合格率の高い大学を求めた偏差値中心の受験体制を促進強化する)ことにもつながっている
(完整版)翻译中的语序调整
(一) 确定主语,调整语序。 英语为主语显著的语言,主语突出,除省略句以外,一般情况下每个句子都有主语;句法重形合,要求句子各成分特别清楚,以免结构混乱,影响句意。 而汉语则是主题显著的语言,主题突出,主语不突出;句法重意合,指代关系在形式上不明显。在篇章中,某些句子的主语常常可以省略,有时必须省略;有些主语难以一眼看清,需要读者用心识别。因而在英译汉过程中,确定主语,调整句序往往是一个需要动脑筋的问题。例如: (1) Nightfall found him many miles short of his appointed preaching place. 这句话按原文的语序,Nightfall (夜幕) 作主语,按原语序照样翻译下去,译文会显得别扭,不自然。按照汉语的语言习惯,应选用“他”作主语,因而正确的翻译是:夜幕降临时,他离预定的布道地点还有好多英里路。又如: (2)As is known to all ,2003 saw the successful launching ofChina’s first manned spaceship. 这句话可译为:众所周知,中国在2003 年成功地发射了第一艘载人宇宙飞船。原文主语是“2003”,但译文没有以“2003”作主语,而以“中国”这一行为主体作主语。用时间作主语是英语中较为常见的现象,这种用法不仅强调了时间的观念,而且也使句子简洁、生动。按照西方人的思维模式和英语表达习惯,英语还可以用地点等名词作主语。如:Nanjing witnessed many great historic events. (在南京城发生过许多重大的历史事件。) 在英汉翻译过程中,之所以产生这样的问题是因为英汉两种语言的语法结构、行文习惯、思维模式不同。英美人强调客观,常用物、抽象概念、非人称it 作主语,让事物以客观的口气呈现出来,使叙述显得公正、客观,结构趋于严密、紧凑,语气较为委婉、间接。中国人有“天人合一”的观点,强调人与自然浑然一体,常用人作主语,主语的思维模式往往是从自我出发来叙述客观事物,或倾向于描述人的行为或状态。英汉翻译时,所确定的主语是否恰当,必须考虑译文是否符合汉族人民的思维模式。例如: (3) Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh. (这位曾使全世界人发出笑声的人自己却饱经辛酸。) (4) It never occurred to her that he was a dishonest man. (她从来没想到他是个不诚实的人。) 例3 英文用抽象名词bitterness 作主语,汉语却用“这位曾使世界人发出笑声的人”作主语;例4 英文用形式主语it 作主语,汉语用“她”作主语,看来似乎风马牛不相及,其实这是中西方思维模式不同的缘故,例4 意思是:这种念头从 来没有闪过她的脑际。原句当然可以说She has never thought that he is a dishonest man. 但两相比较,前一句强调“他是个不诚实的人”是客观事实,字里行间显露出她对这事感到惊异,后一句只强调了主观印象。译文清楚明白地写出了“她”对“他为人不诚实”这一点的认识。 (二) 突出信息焦点,调整语序。 信息焦点即信息单位的焦点所在,是信息单位内在主重音或调核体现的一个或多个作为信息高峰值的单元。语言现象分析常用的方法是句子成分分析法,其实这远远不够,还要进行交际分析或实义分析, 即主述位分析。主位是陈述的对象(或称话题) ,是谈话的出发点,也是读者从上
英语翻译作业1
He stopped traffic on Fifth Avenue like the Beatles or Marilyn Monroe. He could've been president of Israel or played violin at Carnegie Hall, but he was too busy thinking. His musings on God, love and the meaning of life grace our greeting cards and day-timers. Fifty years after his death, his shock of white hair and droopy mustache still symbolize genius. Einstein remains the foremost scientist of the modern era. Looking back 2,400 years, only Newton, Galileo and Aristotle were his equals. Around the world, universities and academies are celebrating the 100th anniversary of Einstein's "miracle year" when he published five scientific papers in 1905 that fundamentally changed our grasp of space, time, light and matter. Only he could top himself about a decade later with his theory of general relativity. Born in the era of horse-drawn carriages, his ideas launched a dazzling technological revolution that has generated more change in a century than in the previous two millennia. Computers, satellites, telecommunication, lasers, television and nuclear power all owe their invention to ways in which Einstein peeled back the veneer of the observable world to expose a stranger and more complicated reality underneath. Yet there is more, and it is why Einstein transcends mere genius and has become our culture's grandfatherly icon. He escaped Hitler's Germany and devoted the rest of his life to humanitarian and pacifist causes with an authority unmatched by any scientist today, or even most politicians and religious leaders. He used his celebrity to speak out against fascism, racial prejudice and the McCarthy hearings. His FBI file ran 1,400 pages. His letters reveal a tumultuous personal life -- married twice and indifferent toward his children while obsessed with physics. Yet he charmed lovers and admirers with poetry and sailboat outings. Friends and neighbors fiercely protected his privacy 他曾像披头士和玛莉莲-梦露一样让第五大道交通阻塞， 他本可以成为以色列总统，或在卡内基音乐厅演奏小提琴，但他却把时间都用来思考。他对上帝、爱和对人生意义的思考经常出现在贺卡和台历上。 在他去世五十年后,他一头浓密的白发和下垂的胡须仍是天才的象征。 爱因斯坦仍然是现代最伟大的科学家。看过去的2400年里也只有牛顿、伽利略和亚里士多德才能与之相较。 世界各地的大学和学院都在庆祝爱因斯坦的“奇迹年”100周年纪念。就是他1905年发表五篇科学论文。从根本上改变了我们对空间、时间、光和物质的认识。只有他自己能在数十年之后超越他的广义相对论。 爱因斯坦出生在马车盛行的年代，但他的理论和思想却引发了一场令人眼花缭乱的科学技术革命。在短短的数百年中，这场科技革命带来的的变化远比以往2000年来变化的总和还要多。 计算机、人造卫星、电子通讯、激光、电视和核能的创造发明都归功于爱因斯坦提出的研究方法：......揭露一个陌生人和更复杂的现实。 当然爱因斯坦意味的并不仅仅是这些，他已经超越了科学天才的范畴，成为人类文明中德高望重的偶像。 他逃离了希特勒统治下的德国并把他的余生都献给了人道主义与和平主义事业。他的威望是当今任何科学家和大多数的政治或宗教领袖不能相比的。 作为公众人物，爱因斯坦常常站出来抨击法西斯主义、种族歧视以及当时美国当权者提出的“麦卡锡主义”。他提供给联邦调查局的文件达1400页。 爱因斯坦的书信揭示了他不寻常的个人生活：他结过两次婚；每当专注思考物理问题时，他就会忽略身边的子女。但是，他也会用诗歌和帆船出游来吸引他的爱人和仰慕者。他的朋友和邻居们都极力保护他的隐私。
翻译作业4
1. Leading man 男一号 Wang Jianlin, China’s richest man, wants to be a movie mogul Sep 28th 2013 |From The Economist the print edition 中国首富王健林想成为电影大亨 IT IS not exactly the most glamorous place to build a film studio. Qingdao, a sooty industrial port along China’s north-eastern coast that was once colonised by the Germans, is better known as the home of Haier, the world’s biggest maker of domestic appliances, and Tsingtao, a leading Chinese brewery, than as a crucible of the creative arts. And yet this is where the country’s richest man is building China’s answer to Hollywood. 青岛不是一个修建电影拍摄基地最富魅力的理想之地，它是一座位于中国东北的海滨工业港口城市，烟尘遍地，曾一度沦为德国的殖民地。青岛出名并非因为它是一个创新艺术的锤炼之地，而是因为海尔和青岛啤酒公司的总部均设于此。前者是全球最大的家用电器生产商，后者是一家首屈一指的啤酒酿造公司。 Wang Jianlin, the boss of Dalian Wanda, a Chinese multinational that made its money in the property business, clearly wants to be a media mogul. Last year his firm acquired AMC Theaters, an American cinema chain, for $2.6 billion. In June it also agreed to buy Sunseeker, a British yacht-maker whose sleek craft have featured in James Bond films. He has just made a $20m donation to the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, which runs the Oscars award ceremonies. 万达集团是中国一家房地产跨国公司，作为该集团的老总，王健林很显然想成为媒体大亨。去年他的公司用26亿收购了美国连锁电影院ACM电影院。同年6月同意收购英国的一个游艇制造商——Sunseeker,该制作商提供的游艇成为了007系列电影的经典。他还给动画艺术与科学实验学院捐了两千万美元，作为奥斯卡颁奖典礼的筹办资金。 But his boldest move came at a red-carpet ceremony in Qingdao on September 22nd featuring such Hollywood stars as Nicole Kidman, Leonardo DiCaprio, John Travolta and Catherine Zeta-Jones. Mr Wang announced plans to build a 50 billion yuan ($8.2 billion) entertainment complex. The massive project, dubbed the Qingdao Oriental Movie Metropolis, would include 20 film studios, cinemas, a theme park, hotels and wax museums. If all goes to plan, it will be open by mid-2017. （1） 但他最大胆的举措在于9月22日在青岛举办的那场隆重的典礼，好莱坞众星出席了典礼，有妮可·基德曼、莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥、约翰·特拉沃尔塔、凯瑟琳·泽塔琼斯等。王健林宣称将花五百亿人民币来建一个娱乐中心，这项被冠予“青岛东方电影都市”的巨大工程，包括20间电影制作室、电影院、一个主题公园、酒店和蜡像馆。如果一切按计划进行，到2017年中期就可以对外开放了。
翻译技巧之词序调整法
词序调整法在《十七大报告》汉英翻译中的应用 王江 （湖南理工学院外国语言文学学院09级05班序号：19号） 摘要：《十七大报告》的翻译属时政翻译。汉英两种语言的差异颇多。因此，译者在做汉英翻译时不能逐字逐句翻译，而应进行相应的处理。在翻译此次报告时，为使译文流畅、易懂，译者从多个方面运用了词序调整法。 关键词：词序调整法、《十七大报告》、汉英翻译 Application of Inversion in the Chinese-English Translation of Hu Jintao’s Report at 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China Wang Jiang (College of Foreign Languages and Literature, 0905, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, No: 19) Abstract：The translation of Hu Jintao’s Report at 17th Party Congress belongs to the translation of official text. There are many differences between English and Chinese. Accordingly，a translator can not translate the text word by word ,he needs to make some adjustments as required. And in order to let the translation smooth and understandable, the translator used inversion from several aspects to translate the report. Key Words:inversion; Hu Jintao’s Report at 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China; Chinese-English translation 引言 2007年10月,党的十七大在北京召开。党的十七大是在我国改革发展关键阶段召开的一次十分重要的会议。胡锦涛同志代表第十六届中央委员会所作的报告，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，实事求是地回顾了过去5年党中央领导全国人民开展的各项工作，科学总结了改革开放29年来我们党所取得的宝贵经验，深刻阐述了科学发展观的科学内涵和十七大精神根本要求，对中国特色社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设和党的建设等各项工作做出了全面部署。十七大报告的主题是：高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，继续解放思想，坚持改革开放，推动科学发展，促进社会和谐，为夺取全面建设小康社会新胜利而奋斗。关于《十七大报告》汉英翻译的研究，从万刊数据库可以查到：张旭琼[1]（2008）从应用功能翻译理论的角度出发,研究时政文体翻译的功能性,分析在十七大报告翻译中的运用实例,表明功能翻译理论在此类文体中的可应用性；熊丽[2]（2008）与读者分享了《十七大报告》的英译本研究体会：在政论文翻译中,译者务必紧跟原文语义和作者思想,将原文语境意准确表达出来,彰显文本"个性"是十分重要的。政论文翻译应该把握以下几个特点:(1)表达方式的多样性;(2)功能对等下的变通性;(3)不断创新的时代性;(4)发扬民族特色的文化性。这些论述为词序调整法在《十七大报告》汉英翻译中的应用提供了理论依据。 一、词序调整法的定义、理据、功能与类型 词序,又称为语序,是词语排列的顺序。在《现代汉语词典》（2005:222）中给出的解释是“词在词组或句子里的先后次序”[3]。在汉语里，词序是一种主要语法手段。在英语
翻译作业
旅游资料的翻译 1．杭州——“人间天堂” 意大利著名旅行家马可·波罗曾这样叙述他印象中的杭州“这是世界上最美妙的城市，它使人觉得自己在天堂。”在中国也流传着这样的话：“上有天堂，下有苏杭。”杭州的名气主要在于风景如画的西湖。西湖一年四季都美不胜收，宋代著名诗人苏东坡用“淡妆浓抹总相宜”的诗句来赞誉西湖。在杭州，您可以饱览西湖的秀色，也不妨漫步街头闹市，品尝一下杭州的名菜名点，还可以购上几样名特土产。苏堤和白堤把西湖一分为二，仿佛两条绿色的缎带，飘逸于碧波之上。湖中心有三个小岛：阮公墩、湖心亭和小瀛洲。湖水泛着涟漪，四周山林茂密，点缀着楼台亭阁，是我国最有名的旅游景点之一。 杭州人观西湖有个说法：“晴湖不如雨湖，雨湖不如夜湖。”您在杭州，一定要去领略一下西湖的风韵，看看此说是否有道理。 杭州是中国著名的六大古都之一，已有两千多年的历史。杭州不仅以自然美景闻名于世，而且有着传统的文化魅力。不仅有历代文人墨客的题咏，而且有美味佳肴和漂亮的工艺品。 杭州是中国的“丝绸之府”，丝绸产品品种繁多，其中以织锦尤为引人注目。杭州还专门生产墨纸扇和檀香扇。其他特产有西湖绸伞和中国十大名茶之一的西湖龙井。 The famous Italian traveler Marco Polo was so impressed by the beauty of Hangzhou that he described it as “the most fascinating city in the world where one feels that one is in paradise.” In China, there has been a century-old popular saying pr aising the city: “In Heaven there is Paradise; on Earth there are Suzhou and Hangzhou.” Hangzhou’s fame lies mainly in its picturesque West Lake. As it is beautiful all the year round, the West Lake was compared by Su Dongpo, a celebrated poet of the Song Dynasty, to a beauty “who is always charming in either light or heavy makeup.” In Hangzhou, you will not only find the lake a perfect delight to the eye but also find it a joy to stroll along the busy streets, taste
翻译作业2
SZ170420117 环境一班任云帆 Peter Newmark: The first traces of translation date from 3000 BC, during the Egyptian Old Kingdom, in the area of the First Cataract, Elephantine, where inscriptions i n two languages have been found. 最早的翻译的痕迹来自公元前3000年，那时正是古埃及王朝。在第一瀑布（注：地处埃及和苏丹的边界，亚斯旺南郊）首次发现了用两种语言篆刻的碑文。 It became a significant factor in the West in 300 BC, when the Romans took over wholesale many elements of Greek culture, including the whole religious apparatus. 一个很重要的因素是：公园前300年的西方，罗马人垄断了许多的希腊文化元素，包括整个宗教组织。In the twelfth century, the West came into contact with Islam in Moorish Sp ain. 在二十世纪，西方人开始与西班牙的摩尔穆斯林们建立联系。 The situation favoured the two essential conditions for large-scale translation (Storig, 1963): 这样的情景下推动大规模翻译的两个中重要条件是： a qualitative difference in culture (the West was inferior but scientifically acquisitive and receptive to new ideas) and continuous contact between two languages. 文化中的定性差异（西方人比较落后，但是更加贪求科技并且更易于接受新的思想）和两种语言简的持续交流 When the Moorish supremacy collapsed in Spain, the Toledo school of translato rs translated Arabic versions of Greek scientific and philosophical classics. 当摩尔人在西班牙的霸权瓦解，托莱多翻译学院翻译了很多阿拉伯语版的希腊科学和哲学的经典。Luther’s Bible translation in 1522 laid the foundations of modern German and King James’s Bible (1611) had a seminal influence on English language and literature. 卢瑟在1522年翻译的圣经立足于现代德国和金·詹姆斯在1611年翻译的版本，它对英国的语言和文学有着有着重要的影响。 Significant periods of translation preceded Shakespeare and his contemporaries, French classicism and the Romantic Movements. 莎士比亚时期，法兰西古典时期和浪漫主义运动时期都是翻译界中很重要的时期 全文： 最早的翻译的踪迹公元前3000年，那时正是古埃及王朝。在第一瀑布（注：地处埃及和苏丹的边界，亚斯旺南郊）首次发现了用两种语言篆刻的碑文。一个很重要的因素是：公园前300年的西方，罗马人垄断了许多的希腊文化元素，包括整个宗教组织。在二十世纪，西方人开始与西班牙的摩尔穆斯林们建立联系。这样的情景下，推动大规模翻译的两个中重要条件是：文化中的定性差异（西方人比较落后，但是更加贪求科技并且更易于接受新的思想）和两种语言的持续交流。摩尔人在西班牙的霸权瓦解后，托莱多翻译学院翻译了很多阿拉伯语版的希腊科学和哲学的经典。卢瑟在1522年翻译的圣经立足于现代德国和金·詹姆斯在1611年翻译的版本，它对英国的语言和文学有着有着重要的影响。莎士比亚时期，法兰西古典时期和浪漫主义运动时期都是翻译界中很重要的时期。
翻译作业一
Session 6 Conversion 转性译法 请按要求翻译下列各句： 1. Let us take a serious, reasonable look at what the results might be if such a proposal were accepted. (into adv.) 2. John was eloquent and elegant ---but soft. (into noun) 3. Ice is not as dense as water and it therefore floats. (into noun) 4. The communication system is chiefly characterized by its ease with which it can be maintained. 5. This new electronic computer is most widely used and plays an important part in scientific research. (into noun) 6. His statement yesterday was inconsistent with the facts. (into verb) 7. We are enemies of all wars, but above all of dynastic wars. (into verb) 8. Our age is witnessing a profound political change. (into noun) 9. Independent observers have commented favorably on the achievements you have made in this direction. (into n.) 10. Securities laws require companies to treat all shareholders reasonably equally. (into adj.) How to Grow Old The best way to overcome the fear of death ----so at least it seems to me --- is to make your interests gradually wider and more impersonal, until bit by bit the walls of the ego recede, and your life becomes increasingly merged in the universal life. An individual human existence should be like a river--- small at first, narrowly contained within its banks and rushing passionately past boulders and over waterfalls. Gradually the river grows wider, the banks recede, the waters flow more quietly, and in the end, without any visible break, they become merged in the sea, and painlessly lose their individual being. The man who, in old age, can see his life in this way, will not suffer from the fear of death, since the things he cares for will continue.