新目标英语八年级(上)知识点解析
Unit 1 How often do you exercise?
1. 疑问词how 的用法
(1) 怎样，用什么手段，方法/交通工具
How are you? / How is she?
How did he do it? / I don't know how to swim.
How do you come to school?
(2) 情况如何（指身体健康状况）How are you?
(3) how many，how much 表示"多少"其中how much 还可以表示钱数。
how many 后接可数名词复数，how much 接不可数名词。
How many times do you go to the park?
How many pens do you want?
How much water do we drink every day?
How much are those pants?
(4) how often 是对动作发生的―次数‖提问，询问的是频率―多久一次‖
回答可以是：Every day. / On ce a week. / Three times a week. / Often. / …
How often do you play tennis?
How often do you surf the Internet？
(5) How old …? 询问年龄How old are you? I am five.
(6) How about …? ……如何？……怎么样？How about going to the movies?
2. time 表示不可数名词，意为―时间‖。
表示可数名词，意为―次数，倍数‖
What time is it?
I go to the movies three times a week.
注意―次数‖的表达方法
一次once，两次twice，三次或三次以上用基数词加上times：
three times, five times, one hundred times
表示―……几次‖的表达方法是：
once a day/ a week/ a month/ a year twice a day/ a week/ a month/ a year
2. exercise v./ n. shop v./ n.
He often exercises on weekends.
We often do / take exercise on weekends.
We often shop on weekends.
There are many shops in the neighborhood.
4. as for 意为―就……而论；至于‖
As for fruit，I eat it sometimes.
As for him，I never want to see him here.至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。
5. My mother wants me to drink it.我妈妈想要我喝。
want to do sth. 想要做某事
want sb. to do sth. 想要某人干某事
Do you want to go to the movies with me？你想和我一起去看电影吗？
I want you to help me with my math.我想要你帮我学数学。
有很多动词后面用这种结构做动词的复合宾语：
ask sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事
tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人去做某事
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
6. She says it's good for my health. 她说它对我的健康有意。
be good for … 表示―对……有益（有好处）‖
其反义为：be bad for … 对……有害/无益
It's good for us to do more reading. 多读书对我们有好处。
Drinking milk is good for your health. 喝牛奶对你的健康有益。
Reading English is good for studying English. 对英语对学习英语有益/有帮助。
Reading in bed is bad for your eyes. 在床上读书对你的眼睛有害。
7. usually when I come home from school 通常是在我从学校回家时
When + 从句当……时候I often stay at home when it is rainy.
8. I try to eat a lot of vegetables. try to do sth. 尽量/尽力做某事
I'll try to learn English well. 我会尽量尝试学好英语的。
You must try to take more exercise. 你必须尽量多做运动。
9. I look after my health. look after 照顾
My brother is ill. I have to look after him today. 我的弟弟病了。我今天不得不照顾他。
All the students must look after the desks and chairs. 有的学生必须照看好课桌椅。
He often helps his mother look after his little sister. 他经常帮助他的妈妈照顾他的小弟弟。
10. My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades. 我健康的生活方式帮助我取得好的成绩。
help sb.(to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
She often helps me learn math. 她经常帮助我学数学。
11. Good food and exercise help me to study better. 好的食物和运动帮助我学习得更好。
help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
12. Is her lifestyle the same as yours or different? = Is her lifestyle the same as your lifestyle or is her lifestyle different from your lifestyle? 她的生活方式和你的一样或是不同？
be the same as … / be different from … 与……一样/与……不同
She looks the same as her sister. 她看起来跟她的妹妹很像。
This book is different from that one. 这本书跟那本书不一样。
13. I think I'm kind of unhealthy. 我想我有点不健康。
kind of = a little a kind of 一种
14. maybe (adv.) = perhaps 也许，可能Maybe he knows the answer.
Maybe they'll go skateboarding. He may know the answer.
15. although = though 虽然 Although he's ill, he goes to school on time. 虽然生病了，但他还是准时上学。
She eats a lot of chocolate, although she is very fat.虽然她很胖，但她却吃许多的巧克力。
16. A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health.
A lot of = lots of = many/ much 许多
keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy
keep + 形容词表保持某种状态
Keep quiet! The baby is sleeping.那婴儿正在睡觉，保持安静！
We must keep our classroom clean. 我们必须保持我们的教室干净。
17. 注意sometimes 与几个形似的词的区别。
(1) sometime 是副词，意为―在某个时候；某时‖
Will you come again sometime next week 下周的某个时候你会再来吗？
She was there sometime last year. 她去年某时去过那。
(2) some time 是名词词组，意为―一段时间‖，做时间状语用
I will stay here for some time. 我将在这呆一段时间。
He worked for that company for some time. 他为那家电脑公司工作了一阵子。
(3) some times 是名词词组，意为―几次，几倍‖
I met him some times in the street last month.上个月我在街上遇到他好几次了。
The factory is some times larger than that one. 这间工厂比那间大好几倍。
(4) sometimes 是频度副词，意为―有时‖
He sometimes goes skateboarding on weekends. 他有时周末去滑滑板。
18. That sounds interesting. 那听起来有趣。
look（看起来），sound（听起来），smell（闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（觉得），seem（好象），grow （变得）,get（变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。
It tastes good. 这味道好。
The music sounds very sweet. 这音乐听起来很入耳。
Unit 2 What's the matter?
一. 身体部位的表达
1. head 头
2. neck 脖子/颈
3. shoulder 肩膀
4. arm 胳膊
5. hand 手
6. finger 手指
7. stomach 胃
8. back 背
9. leg 腿10. knee 膝盖11. foot 脚12. face 脸
13. eye 眼睛14. ear 耳朵15. nose 鼻子16. mouth 嘴巴17. tooth 牙齿18. throat 喉咙
二. 病情的表达
1. have a cold 患感冒
2. have a fever 发烧
3. have a headache 头痛
4. have a stomachache 胃痛
5. have a toothache 牙痛
6. have a sore throat 喉咙痛
7. have a sore back 背酸痛
8. have a sore neck 脖子痛
三. 如何给建议
1. see a doctor 看医生
2. drink lots of hot water 多喝热水
3. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的热茶
4. see a dentist 看牙医
5. take some medicine 吃药
6. shouldn't eat anything 不该吃任何东西
7. lie down and (have a) rest 躺下休息
8. go to bed early 早点睡觉
9. listen to music 听音乐
10. shouldn't eat any more … 不该再吃……
四. 看病的表达
1. What's the matter with you? = What's wrong with you?
= What's the trouble with you = What's your trouble?
matter 前须加定冠词the；wrong前不加任何修饰词；trouble 前可加the，也可加形容词型物主代词
2. I'm not feeling well. I have a …. 我感觉身体不适, 我得了……。
3. When did it start? 什么时候开始的?
4. It started … ago. ……前开始的。
5. That's too bad. You should / shouldn't …. 那太糟糕了。你应该/不该……。
6. Yes, I think so. / That's a good idea. 是的, 我也这样认为. / 好主意。
7. I hope you feel better soon. 我希望你早点好起来。
五. 重点短语
1. lie down 躺下
2. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶
3. feel better 感觉好点
4. get tired/ angry/ stressed out 变得疲惫/生气/紧张，有压力
5. traditional Chinese doctors 传统中医
6. a balance of ………的平衡
7. for example 例如
8. too much 太多
9. Chinese medicine 中药
10. western countries 西方国家
11. eat a balanced diet (吃)一个均衡的饮食
12. a few 一些/ 少许
13. stay / keep healthy 保持健康
14. need to do sth. 需要做某事
15. at the moment 现在/ 此刻
16. host family 寄宿家庭
六. 重点句型
1. Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbs is also good for this. 吃党参和黄芪也对这方面有益。
V-ing 放句首当主语。
Eating too much junk food is bad for our health. 吃太多的垃圾食物对我们的健康有害。Watching TV for a long time is bad for our eyes. 长时间看电视对我们的眼睛有害。
Reading English newspapers is good for our English studying. 读英语报纸对我们学习英语有益。
2. People (who are too stressed out and angry) may have too much yang. 人可能是阳气过盛。(who are too stressed out and angry) 为who 引导的定语从句。。
Those (who study hard) can always get good grades.那些(学习刻苦的)人总能取得好成绩。
The students (who are playing basketball) are all my classmates.那些学生是我的同班同学。
3. It's easy to have a healthy lifestyle. 拥有一个健康的生活方式(很)容易。
4. It's important to eat a balanced diet. 保持饮食的均衡是重要的。
5. I believe it's important to sleep eight hours a night. 我相信一个晚上睡八个小时(很)重要。
It's + adj. + ( for sb. ) + to do sth. 做某事对某人来说……。
It's easy for us to find out the answer. 找出答案对我们来说是容易的。
It's bad for you to read in the sun. 在阳光下看书对(眼睛)不好。
6. I have a toothache. I need to see a dentist. 我牙痛, 我需要去看牙医。
need to do sth. 需要做某事。
We need to keep our classroom clean. 我们需要保持教室的干净。
7. I'm not feeling well at the moment. 我现在感觉身体不适。
at the moment = now 现在/ 此时，常用现在进行时。
8. I sometimes stay late until 2 am. 我有时学习到很晚, 直到凌晨两点。
9. I don't think I'm improving. 我认为我没有(在)进步。
10. I'm sorry to hear that …. 听到……我很抱歉/遗憾/感到难过。
七、语法要点：
1. start to do; start doing; start with start with = begin with 以……开始
◆We start English with ABC. 我们从ABC开始学英语。
2. I think so. 我想是这样的。
so 常常与动词say, think, speak, tell, hope, believe, do
It was his duty to do so. 这样做是他的责任。
I hope so. 我希望如此。
3. tired 的相关词组
◆be tired from work 工作累了
◆be tired of doing sth. 厌烦做某事
◆be tired with/from … 因为……而疲劳
4. Drink some water.
这是一个祈使句，表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告，没有主语，谓语用动词原形，否定在动词前加don't。
Get up early, please.
Eat a balanced diet to stay healthy.
Don't read in bed.
5. for example 例如
Follow his example. 以他为榜样。
Give a good example to sb. 给某人作出好榜样。
Without example 没有先例
6. 辨析too much 与much too
too much 后接不可数名词，意思是―太多‖；much too 后接形容词或副词，意思是―太……‖
Don't give him too much money. 不要给他太多的钱。
The book is much too dear. 这本书太贵。
◆too many 后接可数名词复数
There are too many students in the classroom. 教室里有太多的学生。
7. give advice 提建议；give sb. advice 给某人提建议take/follow one's advice 采纳某人的建议
advice 是不可数名词，一条建议为a piece of advice, 不是an advice
8. maybe 的位置
maybe 也许，放在句首。Maybe you should see a dentist. Maybe you have a toothache.
may be 是情态动词+ be 动词原形可能是，也许是Mr. Wang may be over forty years old.
9. tooth-teeth (复数) foot-feet mouse --mice
10. until not … until 只到……才……
He didn't go to bed until his mother came back. He slept until this morning.
Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?
一．重点短语归纳
1. go camping 去野营
2. go shopping 去购物
3. go skateboarding 去滑滑板
4. go swimming 去游泳
5. go boating 去划船
6. go skating 去滑冰
7. go hiking (in the mountains) 去山上徒步旅行/远足
8. go climbing 去登山
9. go fishing 去钓鱼
10. go bike riding / cycling 骑自行车旅行
11. go sightseeing 去观光
12. visit my grandma/ cousins/ my friends in Hong Kong 拜访我的祖母/堂兄弟/香港的朋友
13. spend time with friends 和朋友度过
14. babysit her sister 照顾她的妹妹
15. relax at home 在家休息
16. go to sports camp 去运动野营
17. go to the beach 去沙滩
18. for vacation 度假
19. go to Tibet for a week 去西藏一个星期
20. go away 离开
21. (for) too long 太久
22. how long 多长（时间）
23. have a good time/ have fun 玩得开心
24. get back to school/ home 回学校/回家
25. stay for three weeks 呆三个星期
26. take walks / take a walk 散步
27. rent videos 租录像带
28. a famous French singer 一个著名的法籍歌手
29. take a long vacation 度长假
30. take vacations in Europe 在欧洲度假
31. think about/ of 考虑/思考
32. something different/ interesting/ important 一些不同的/ 有趣的/ 重要的东西
33. spend time in the beautiful countryside 在美丽的乡村度过
34. forget all the problems 忘记所有的问题
35. sleep a lot 多睡觉
36. can't wait 迫不及待
37. a good place to go sightseeing 一个观光的好地方
38. leave for Italy/ Greece/ Spain/ Europe 离开/出发去意大利/希腊/西班牙/欧洲
39. places to visit in China 在中国参观的地方
40. plan my vacation to Italy 计划去意大利度假
41. the first week in June 六月的第一周
42. leave for … 离开/出发去……
43. rent videos to sb. 租碟片给某人
rent videos from sb. 从某人那租碟片
二．固定结构
1. show sb. sth. 让某人看某物
= show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看
He showed me a postcard from Hong Kong yesterday.
= He showed a postcard to me from Hong Kong yesterday.
2. send sb. sth. 寄给某人某物 = send sth. to sb. 寄某物给某人
My friends sent me a letter just now. = My friends sent a letter to me just now.
3. think about/ of sth./ doing sth. 考虑某事/考虑做某事
He often thinks about going to Europe for vacation.
4. decide on sth. 决定某事
decide to do sth. 决定做某事
They will decide on the case(案件) tomorrow.
He decided to go sightseeing at last.
5. plan to do sth. 计划做某事
She planned to go to Greece for vacation.
6. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 = forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事
Don't forget to close the door when you leave the classroom.
= I forget going to Spain before.
7. remember to do sth. 记得去做某事 = remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
Remember to bring your book here tomorrow.
He remembered calling you just now.
8. finish sth./ finish doing sth. 完成某事/完成做某事
Do you finish your homework?
When did you finish doing your homework?
9. need to do sth. 需要做某事
We need to go home early.
10. leave for + 地名离开/出发去…
leave A for B 离开A地去B地
My parents and I are leaving (here) for Beijing tomorrow.
My uncle will leave Beijing for Tokyo tomorrow.
11. have a good time/ have fun 玩得开心
enjoy oneself
We had a good time/ had fun last night. = We enjoyed ourselves last night.
I hope you can have a good time/ have fun. = I hope you can enjoy yourself/ yourselves.
三．重点句子
1. What are you doing for vacation? 你假期打算做什么？
I am babysitting my sister.我打算照顾我的妹妹。
2. Where is he going? 他要去哪？
He is going to Italy. 他打算去意大利。
3. When is he going? 他什么时候要去？
He is going on the 11th./ in December. 他打算11号去/12月去。
4. Who is she going with? 她打算和谁去？
She is going with her parents. 她打算和她的父母亲去。
5. How long are they staying in Tibet?他们准备在西藏呆多久？
They are staying for three weeks.他们打算呆三个星期
6. That sounds interesting. 那听起来有趣。
sound 为感官动词感官动词后面加形容词
感官动词为：look（看起来）, sound（听起来）, feel（感觉起来）, taste（尝起来）, smell（闻起来）…
7. I don't like going away for too long. 我不喜欢离开太久。
like to do sth./ like doing sth. 喜欢做某事
8. I know there are many people there （who speak French.）我知道那儿有许多说法语的人。
Who speak French 为定语从句，用来修饰先行词people 的。当先行词为人物时，定语从句必须由关系代词who 来引导。
I know the girl（who comes from Spain in his class.）我认识他班里那个来自西班牙的女孩。
Do you know the man （who is fishing）?你认识那个正在钓鱼的人吗？
9. He planned to have a very relaxing vacation.他计划度过一个轻松的假期。
plan to do sth. 计划做某事
10. I just finished making my last movie. 我刚制作完了我最后的一部电影。
finish doing sth. 完成做某事
11. I hear that Thailand is a good place to go sightseeing. 我听说泰国是个观光的好地方。
a good place to go sightseeing 一个观光的好地方
12. I want to ask you about places to visit in China.我想问你有关可在中国参观的地方。
want to do sth. 想做某事
ask sb. about sth. 问某人有关某事
13. I am planning my vacation to Italy this weekend.我打算这个周末去意大利度假。
plan my vacation to Italy 计划去意大利度假
= plan to go to Italy for vacation
14. What should tourist take with them? 游客必须带什么（在身上）呢？
take sth with sb. 带某物在身上/随身带某物
It's going to rain. Please take an umbrella with you. 就要下雨了。请带上一把雨伞。
They take some money with them. 他们随身带着些钱。
四．知识结构
What are you doing for vacation?你打算/准备/计划假期做些什么？
I am going sightseeing.我打算/准备/计划去观光。
这里用了―现在进行时be doing‖的结构来表示在最近计划或安排将要进行的动作, 有―意图‖ 或―打算‖的含义.通常与表未来时间的状语连用。
1. I am visiting him tomorrow.我明天要去拜访他。
2. He is leaving for Italy in three days.他三天后要出发去意大利。
3. Are they coming this afternoon?他们今天下午会来吗？
Unit 4 How do you get to school?知识点
一．短语归纳
1. take the subway = go to … by subway 搭地铁
2. take the train = go to … by train 坐火车
3. take a bus = go to …by bus= go to … on a bus 乘坐公共汽车
4. take a taxi = go to … by taxi 坐的士
5. ride a bike/ bicycle = go to … by bike/ bicycle 骑自行车
6. walk = go to … on foot 步行
7. take a car = go to … in a car= go to … by car 坐汽车
8. get to school 到达学校
9. 10 kilometers from school 离学校10公里（远）
10. from his home to school 从他家到学校
11. how （用于提问状态和交通工具）怎样
how long （用于提问时间段）多长（时间）
how often （用于提问频率）多常
how far （用于提问距离）多远
how many （用于提问数量）多少
how much（用于提问数量/价钱）多少/多少钱
12. have a quick breakfast 快速地吃早餐
13. leave for school 出发去学校
14. the early bus 早班车
15. take sb. to school 带某人去学校
16. bus ride 搭公车的路程
17. bus stop 公车亭
18. bus station 公车站
19. train station 火车站
20. subway station 地铁站
21. think of 认为
22. around the world=all over the world 遍及全世界
23. in North America 在北美洲
24. on the school bus 乘/坐校车
25. in other parts of the world 在世界上的其他地方
26. the other （两者中的）另一个
27. others = other (students) 其他的（学生）
28. things are different 情况不同
29. be different from 与…不同be the same as 与……一样
30. make a difference 产生差异
31. depend on 取决于/依赖/依靠
32. go to school by boat = take a boat to school 坐船去上学
33. must be 肯定/一定是
34. the most popular ways 最流行的方式
means of transportation 交通方式
35. a small number of 小部分的(后加可数名词的复数）
36. a large/ great number of 大多数的(后加可数名词的复数）
（the number of ...的数量）
37. be ill in the hospital 生病住院
38. worry about sb./sth. 担心某人/某事
二．固定结构
1. It takes/ took (sb.) some time to do sth. 做某事花了某人……时间/某人花了……时间做某事
It takes me 20 minutes to finish all my homework.我花了20分钟的时间完成了所有的作业。
It took him 2 years to finish making the movie.他花了两年的时间制作了这部电影。
此句子结构可等同于：
sb. spend/ spent some time on sth. 某人花了……时间在某事上
sb. spend/ spent some time (in) doing sth.某人花了……做某事
It takes me 20 minutes to finish all my homework. = I spend 20 minutes on all my homework.
= I spend 20 minutes (in) doing all my homework.
It took him 2 years to finish making the movie. = I spent 2 years on the movie.
= He spent 2 years (in) making the movie.
三. 重点句子
1. How do you get to school? I ride my bike to school.
2. How long does it take?
It takes about 25 minutes to walk and 10 minutes by bus.
3. How long does it take you to ride your bike to school?
It takes me 35 minutes to ride my bike to school.
4. How far is it (from his home to school)?= How far do you live from school?
It is three miles (from his home to school).
5. What do think of the transportation in your town? = How do you like the transportation in your town? What do you think of …? 你对…的看法怎样？= How do you like …?你认为…怎样？
6. That must be a lot more fun than taking a bus!那肯定比坐公车更有趣的多！
7. A small number of students take a subway.
8. Don't worry. 别担心。
四．句子结构拓展
1. It depends on where you are. 取决于你在哪里。这是一个宾语从句。在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。
I know.
He comes from Spain. → I know he comes from Spain.
I want to know.
Where does he come from?→ I want to know where he comes from.
2. In places (where there are rivers and lakes), students usually go to school by boat.
(在有河流和湖泊的)地方，学生通常都坐船去上学。
这是一个定语从句。where there are rivers and lakes 是定语，修饰前面的名词place.
The girl (who speaks French) is my classmate.
那个（说法语的）女孩是我的同班同学。
若定语从句修饰的名词（先行词）是人物，则用关系代词who连接.
He wants to live in a place (where there are flowers and grass). 他想住在有花有草的地方。
若定语从句修饰的名词（先行词）是地点，则用关系副词where 连接
Unit 5 Can you come to my party?
一.Language goal：
1. Say yes or no to invitations
2. Give reasons
3. 复习情态动词have to 的用法，以及―be + ving‖的结构。用现在进行时表示将来已计划好的事情。
二.Structure
1. Can you come to my party?
2. 情态动词Model verb: ―have to‖
3. I'm going to …
三.V ocabulary
1.I'd love to 我很愿意
2.Thanks for asking. 谢谢你的邀请。
3.calendar 日历
4.the day after tomorrow 后天
5.the day before yesterday 前天
6.invitation 邀请（n.）invite （v. 动词）
7.school team 校队
8.whole 全部的（the whole world 全世界）
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ff12893743.html,e over to 从一个地方来到另一个地方；过去
10.discuss v. 讨论、商讨（n. discussion）
11.till 到……之时，直至
12.help 帮助
四.Target Language
1. Can you come to my party? 你能来我的聚会吗？
Sure, I'd love to. 当然，我很愿意。
2. Can you go to the movies ? I'm sorry.
I have to help my mom.你能去看电影吗？对不起，我必须帮我妈妈。
3. Can she go to the baseball game? No, she can't.
She has to study for a test.她能去棒球赛吗？不能，她不得不为考试学习。
4. Can they go to the concert? No, they can't.
They're going to a party.他们能去音乐会吗？不能，他们将去（参加）聚会。
**在我们日常生活中经常会邀请同学或朋友一起和我们做什么，应该怎么说呢？
(1) 你周三能来我的生日会吗？Can you come to my birthday party on Wednesday?
(2) 你能和我一起打网球吗？Can you play tennis with me?
(3) 你明天晚上能来我的家吗？（come over to）Can you come over to my house tomorrow evening?
(4) 她后天能去听音乐会吗？Can she go to the concert the day after tomorrow?
(5) 他们能去看电影吗？Can they go to the movies?
这些句子中―can‖表示―可能性‖。
(1) 这些表示邀请的句子，我们都可以用情态动词can 来表示―可能‖―能够‖。表示一种可能性。
(2) 在此之前，我们还见过can 表示―能力‖―能、会‖。
如：She can run fast, but I can't. 她能跑得很快，而我不能。
(3) 另外我们还学过can 表示许可、允许。如：
We can listen to music in the music class.我们能在音乐课上听音乐。
We can't run in the hallways. 我们不能在走廊里跑。
2. 学会了如何邀请他人做某事，我们也应该知道如何对别人的邀请说愿意或表示拒绝，并学会如何讲清原因。如：当同学邀请你去看电影时，你非常愿意。那么你就应该说：
Sure! I'd love to.或说：Sure! I'd like to.注意在这两种中―to‖不能省掉，否则意思不完整，不能说：
I'd like 或I'd love.
I'd love to 比I'd like to 表达程度更深一些。
'd = would I'd love to = I would love to.
如果我们有事不能去，我们可以说：非常感谢你的邀请，但很抱歉我不能去。
Thank you very much for your invitation.或说：Thanks for asking. I'm sorry, I can't.
接下来我们应该陈述理由。如：
(1) 我必须帮助我的妈妈。I have to help my mom.
(2) 我们将要踢足球去。We are playing soccer.
(3) 他不得不为数学考试学习。He has to study for the math test.
重点词组和句型
一．重点词组
1. come to the party 来（参加）聚会
2. on Saturday afternoon 在星期六下午
3. How / What about you? 你怎样？
4. I'd love / like to. 我（很）乐意/愿意。
5. study for the chemistry test 为化学考试而学习
6. have a (piano) lesson 上钢琴课
7. visit / see sb. 拜访某人
8. go to the doctor 去看医生
9. have to do sth. 不得不做某事
10. help my mom with housework 帮妈妈做家务
11. go to the movies 去看电影
12. go to the concert 去（看）音乐会
13. go to the baseball match /game 去（看）棒球赛
14. go to the mall 去商业街
15. too much homework 太多作业
16. another time 下次
17. Thanks for asking. 谢谢（你的）邀请。
18. have fun/have a good time 玩得开心点
19. the day after tomorrow 后天
20. the day before yesterday 前天
21. have tennis training 进行网球训练
22. call/telephone sb. 打电话给某人
23. keep quiet 保持安静
24. finish the geography project 完成地理课题/作业
25. watch the football math 观看足球赛
26. go to the culture club 去文化俱乐部
27. the whole day / all day 一整天the whole week / year 一整周/年
28. come over to my house 顺道来我家
29. discuss the science report 谈论科学报告
30. be free = have time 空闲的
31. invite me to his birthday party 邀请我去他的生日聚会
二．重点句型
Invitation（邀请）:
Can you come to my party?
Would you like to come to my party?
Acceptation（接受邀请）:
Sure / Certainly / Of course, I'd love / like to.
Yes, I'd love /like to.
Declination（拒绝邀请）:
1. I'm sorry, I can't. I have to/must …
Sorry, I'd love to. But I have to …
But I am V-ing …
2. What day is it today / tomorrow / the day after tomorrow? （询问星期）
It is Wednesday.
What is the date today / tomorrow / the day after tomorrow? （询问日期）
It is Nov. 2nd.
What's / is today? （询问日期和星期）
It is Wednesday Nov. 2nd.
What day was it yesterday / the day before yesterday?
It was Tuesday.
What was the date yesterday / the day before yesterday?
It was Nov. 1st.
What was yesterday / the day before yesterday?
It was Tuesday Nov. 1st.
3. That's too bad. Maybe another time.
4. Come and have fun.
5. Thanks a lot for asking / inviting me.
= Thank you very much for your invitation.
6. I have tennis training with the school team.
7. Please keep quiet! I'm trying to study.
8. Can you come over to my house?
Can you come over to my house on Wednesday?
Can you come over to my house to discuss the science report?
9. I am free till 10:00 pm.
Unit 6 I'm more outgoing than my sister. 一．形容词比较级的规则变化规律：
1. 一般形容词直接加-er；如：
tall－taller，short－shorter 等
2. 以e 结尾的形容词直接加-r；如：
nice－nicer，late－later 等
3. 单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的形容词要双写词尾字母；如：
fat－fatter，thin－thinner 等
4. 以y 结尾的形容词要把y 改为i，再加-er; 如：
heavy－heavier, funny－funnier 等。
5．多音节词、部分双音节词词前加more; 如：
原级比较级
athletic more athletic
outgoing more outgoing
serious more serious
popular more popular
interesting, exciting, expensive, boring, delicious, beautiful, fri endly, important, difficult, unhealthy …不规则变化
原级比较级
good / well better
bad / badly / ill worse
many / much more
little less
far farther / further
形容词比较级的构成
A + be + 比较级+ than + B.
Lucy's hair is shorter than Lily's.Lucy 的头发比Lily 的更短.
My hair is shorter than hers.我的头发比她的短.
The weather here is hotter than that in Guangzhou.这里的气候比广州的热.
Taking a boat is more interesting than taking a bus.坐船比搭公车更有趣.
To go fishing is more relaxing than to go hiking.钓鱼比去徒步旅行更轻松.
His room is bigger than his brother's.他的房间比他哥哥的大.
much, a lot, a little, a bit, even, far 用于比较级前说明比较级的程度。
He is much taller than me.他比我高得多。
I'm a little fatter than him. 我比他稍胖一点。
She is a little more outgoing than her sister. 她比她姐姐稍微外向/直爽一点。
He is much better at English than I.他的英语比我的好得多。
形容词原级
as + (adj.原形) + as 与……一样(adj.) ……
He is as tall as his twin brother. 他和他的孪生哥哥一样高.
This book is as interesting as that one.这本书和那本书一样有趣.
二．固定搭配
1. Liu Ying is not as good at sports as her sister.
be good at sth. = do well in sth. 擅长某事
be good at doing sth. = do well in doing sth. 擅长做某事
He is good at math. = He does well in math.
He is good at swimming. = He does well in swimming.
Are you good at swimming? = Do you do well in swimming?
2. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
He often makes his son get up early.
Be careful. Don't make the baby cry.
Nothing can make him get stressed out.
The good news made them laugh.
3. It is (not) + adj. + to do sth. 做某事……。
It is important to learn English well. 学好英语是重要的。
It's not necessary to be the same.
4. enjoy doing sth. She enjoys reading books on weekends.
三．重点短语和句子归纳
1. Thank you for your last letter.
2. Here are photos of me and my twin sister Liu Ying.
here is / are 这儿有……
twin sister(s) 孪生姐妹
They are twins. 他们是双胞胎。
3. As you can see, in some ways we look the same.
as you can see 正如你所看到的那样
in some ways 在某些方面
look the same 看起来一样
As you can see, we are both athletic.
In some ways, you are right.
The twins look the same.
4. However, we both enjoy going to parties.
I would like to come to your party.
However, I am really busy.
5. Liu Li has more than one sister.
I have more books than you.
6. Liu Li and Liu Ying have some things in common.
have some things in common
We have some things in common.
7. Liu Ying talks more than Liu Li.
8. Both girls go to lots of parties.
9. opposite views and interests 相反的观点和兴趣
10. What is your opinion? 你的看法怎样?= What do you think of it?
11. We asked some people what they think and this is what they said.
我们问了一些人们他们所想的,这是他们所说的.
12. I like to have friends who are like me. 我喜欢和我相似的人做朋友.
13. I like to have friends who are different from me.我喜欢和和我不同的人交朋友．
14. He always beats me in tennis.
beat 打败They beat us in the football match.
Our basketball beat them.
15. Teacher Wanted! 教师招聘
16. English Study Center 英语学习／辅导中心
17. be good with children 对小孩子友善
A teacher should be good with children.
Unit 7 How do you make a smoothie?
一.重点词组
1. pour … in / into把……倒进……里
2. cut up 切碎
3. turn on 打开turn off 关上
4. put … into / on 把……放进……里或放在……上
5. mix up 混合
6. add … to 把……加在……里
7. a teaspoon of 一茶匙
a cup of 一杯
a piece of 一张/片/块
a glass of 一玻璃杯
a slice of 一薄片
8. tomato sauce 番茄酱
9. turkey slices 火鸡肉片
10. put another slice of bread on the top.把另外一片面包放在上面
11. here's a recipe for …这就是……的烹调方法/食谱
12. check you have all the ingredients 检查你是否备好了所有的材料
13. first, next, then, finally
first = at the beginning of,
finally = at last
考点：
1. cut up the bananas = cut the bananas up = cut them up
mix up the yogurt = mix the yogurt up = mix it up
名词位置可前可后，而代词them / it 只能够放在中间。
2. I need 3 apples. —How many apples do you need?
I need 2 cups of yogurt. —How much yogurt do you need?
此题针对不可数名词yogurt 提问，所以用how much
I need 2 cups of yogurt.
—How many cups of yogurt do you need?
此题针对可数名词cup 提问，所以用how many
There is a piece of bread on the plate.
How many pieces of bread are there on the plate?
注意区分可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词：
blenders, watermelons, turkeys 火鸡, tomatoes, poppers, sandwiches, recipes, ducks, pancakes, onions
不可数名词：
shake, milk, yogurt, butter, honey, salad, turkey 火鸡肉，popcorn, sauce, relish, lettuce, bread, duck 鸭肉注意： a banana shake, turkey slices
Unit 8 知识点
一.重要词组
1. go to the aquariums 去水族馆
2. take photos 照相，拍照
3. hang out with sb. 和某人闲逛
4. buy a souvenir 买一件纪念品
5. get his autograph 得到他的签名
6. win a prize 得奖
7. win the first prize 获得一等奖
8. a famous actor 一个出名的演员
9. have a great time = have a good time = have fun 玩得高兴
10. on a school trip 在学校郊游
11. go to Blue Water Aquarium 去蓝色水族馆
12. visit the Visitors' Center 参观游客中心
13. watch a dolphin show 观看海豚表演
14. after that 在那之后
15. go to the Outdoor Pool 去户外泳池
16. go to the Gift Shop 去礼品店
17. take the bus back to school 乘公共汽车回学校
18. lots of = a lot of 许多，大量
19. at the end of 在……的尽头
20. the class monitor 班长
21. after the trip 郊游结束后
22. day off 休假日
on my last day off 在我上一次休假日
on my next day off 在我下个休假日
23. go for a drive 开车兜风
24. help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事= help sb. with sth.
25. take a class 上课
26. sleep late 睡过头/懒床
27. go camping in the rain 在雨中野营
28. a busy day off 一个忙碌的休假日
29. have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很开心
30. rain all day 下了一整天的雨
31. watch DVDs 观看DVDs
32. have a yard sale 进行庭院旧货出售
33. get wet 淋湿
34. thanks for doing sth. 感谢某人做了某事
35. win the first prize 获得一等奖
36. in yesterday's singing competition 在昨天的歌唱比赛中
37. in the future 在未来
二.语法知识
一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或出现的状态，以动词的过去式表达，如：I was at the library yesterday afternoon.
Tom studied hard and did well in the final exam last year.
动词的过去式分为规则动词和不规则动词两种。
1. 一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed wanted，played
2. 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去掉e再加-ed hoped，lived
3. 重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母再加–ed stopped
4. 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i，再加-ed studied, worried
以元音字母+y结尾的动词，直接加-ed sayed, enjoyed
规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。请记住：清后[t]，元浊[d]，[t] [d]之后读[Id]
①清辅音后，ed 要读[t] worked，finished
②元音或浊辅音后，ed 要读[d] lived，called
③[t] 或[d] 后，ed 读[Id]started，needed
5. 不规则动词有其自己的变化形式，只能分别记忆。
go －went take－took
have－had buy－bought
eat－ate see－saw
hang－hung（悬挂）meet－met
win－won（赢得）sleep－slept
put－put come－came
wake－woke（醒） read－read
a. be 动词过去式的句式。
否定句是在was / were 后面加not，was not (wasn't) / were not (weren't)。
一般疑问句是把was / were 提前并放到句首，要求首字母要大写。
b. 实义动词过去式的句式。
①肯定式：主语+ 动词过去式+ 其它。如：They had a good time yesterday.
②否定式：主语+ did not (didn't) + 动词原形+ 其它。如：They didn't watch TV last night.
③一般疑问句：Did + 主语+ 动词原形+ 其它？
肯定回答：Yes，主语+ did.否定回答：No，主语+ didn't.
如：Did they have a meeting two days ago? Yes，they did. / No，they didn't.
④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它？
如：What time did you finish your homework?
**一般过去时的时间状语都是明显表示过去的，可以分为四种情况。
1.yesterday,just now等具体的表示过去的时间副词。
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ff12893743.html,st+时间名词.eg:last night, last week.
3.一段时间+ago.eg:three months ago, three years ago.
4.in+过去年份.eg:in 1998
重点句型
1. How was your school trip?你的学校郊游怎么样？
how 用于提问情况/状态
2. Class 9 had a great time on the school trip. 九班在学校郊游中玩得很开心。
have a great time = have a good time = have fun
3. Finally, tired but happy, they took the bus back to school.
最后，他们虽然感到疲劳但却也很开心，他们坐公车回学校。
tired but happy 前面省略了主语they
take the bus back to school = go back to school by bus
4. At the end of the day, the science teacher was very happy because the class monitor cleaned the bus after the trip.在那天结束时，科学老师很高兴，因为他们的班长在郊游结束后清洁了公车。
at the end of 在……的结尾
at the end of the street 在街道的末尾
at the end of this year 在今年年尾
in the end = at last = finally 最后
In the end, we were very tired.
5. Did you have fun camping? 你们野营玩得开心吗？
have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事很开心
They had fun singing and dancing in the party last night.
6. It rained all day. 下了一整天的雨
all day 一整天
The workers worked all day yesterday.
7. Uncle Martin put some of his old things out in the yard and had a yard sale.
Uncle Martin 把他的一些旧货品拿到庭院中，进行了一场旧货出售。
put sth out 把某物拿出来
some of / one of ……的一些/……中的一个
have a yard sale 进行了一场旧货出售
Some of my friends like singing.
One of my best friends likes singing.
8. However, no one came to the sale because the weather was so bad.
然而，没有人来到他的出售，因为天气很恶劣。
however 转折连词，通常都是单独一个词，后面加逗号隔开。
He wants to come. However, he is ill.
9. I'm sorry you didn't have fun on your day off.我很遗憾你休假日玩过得不开心。
10. Maria won the first prize in yesterday's singing competition.
Maria 在昨天的歌唱比赛中获得一等奖。
win the first prize 赢得一等奖
win the second prize 赢得二等奖
11. We saw a movie about living in the future.我们观看了一场有关未来的生活的电影。
about 是介词。介词后面加动词的-ing 形式
Unit 9知识点
一.重要词组
1. international sports stars 国际运动明星
2. a great Chinese ping-pong player 杰出的中国乒乓球运动员
3. was(were) born 出生于
4. the world record 世界记录
5. start hiccupping / stop hiccupping 开始打嗝/停止打嗝
start doing (to do) sth. 开始做某事
begin doing (to do) sth. 开始做某事
stop doing sth. 停止做某事
6. too … to … 太…….而不……
7. for example 例如
8. play for 为……效力
9. national team 国家队
10. write music 谱写曲子
11. a movie star 一个电影明星
12. perform Beijing Opera 表演京剧
13. the Chinese gymnast 一个中国体操运动员
14. win a gold medal 赢得一块金牌
15. the World Championships 世界锦标赛
16. learn to ride a bicycle 学会骑自行车
17. start learning English 开始学英语
18. begin playing sports 开始进行体育运动
19. a comedy called 一部叫……的喜剧
20. a loving grandfather 一个慈爱的祖父
21. spend all one's free time with sb. 与某人一起度过了所有的业余时间
spend time with sb. 与某人一起度过时光
22. a famous violinist 一个著名的小提琴手
23. ice skating 滑冰
24. a kind and loving grandmother 一个和蔼而慈爱的祖母
25. a skating champion 一个滑冰冠军
26. the well-known Chinese pianist 中国著名的钢琴演奏家
27. hum songs 哼歌
28. pieces of music 音乐篇章
29. begin to learn the accordion 开始学习手风琴
30. at the age of … 在……年龄时
31. start to learn the piano 开始学习钢琴
32. take part in 参加、加入
33. win the first prize 赢得一等奖
34. the 14th Chopin International Piano Competition 第十四届肖邦国际钢琴比赛
35. receive such an honor 获得这样的荣誉
35. because of 因为、由于
36. major in 主修，专修
二.重要句型
1. When was he born? He was born in 1895.
be born 出生于（be用过去时态形式was were，人的出生多为发生在过去的事，所以用一般过去时）The great pianist was born on October 10th, 1890．那位伟大的钢琴家出生在1890年十月十日。
－Where were you born? 你在哪儿出生的？
－I was born in Beijing. 我出生在北京。
be born 后可接时间也可接地点，但接时间时，要根据具体时间而选定不同的介词。
I was born in 1991.
I was born in March.
I was born in March, 1991.
I was born on March, 5th.
I was born on March. 5th, 1991.
2. Who's that? That's Deng Yaping. She is a great Chinese ping-pong player.
3. How long did Charles Osborne hiccup?
He hiccupped for 69 years and 5 months.
―How long‖是就一段时间进行提问，因此回答时用for后面加一段持续的时间。
—How long did he learn English? 他学英语多久了？
—He learned English for ten years. 他学英语十年了。
4. You are never too young to start doing things. 你永远不会小到不能做事情的地步。
too … to …太……而不能
是英语中常用的一种结构，其句型为―too + 形容词或副词原级+ to do …‖，译为―太……而（以致）不能……‖。它在形式上是肯定的，但在意义上是否定的。
―too … to …‖本身已含有否定的意思，因此，不定式前一般不加not．
She is too young not to go to school．（×）
She is too young to go to school．（√）
The water is too hot to drink．水太烫不能喝。
The boy is too young to look after himself.这个男孩太小了，还不能自己照顾自己。
This house is too big to clean in one day 这幢房子太大了，一天内打扫不完。
She is too young to go to school. 她太小不能去上学。
The old men started singing / to sing. 老人们开始唱歌。
We started doing our homework at 7 o'clock last night. 我们昨晚7点开始写作业。
5. Tiger Woods started golfing when he was only ten months old.
泰戈伍德在只有10个月大的时候开始玩高尔夫球。
When he was a small boy, he could hum songs and difficult pieces of music.
在他还是一个小孩子的时候，他就能哼唱歌曲和难的乐曲。
when 是从句的引导词，意为―……的时候‖。
Mozart started writing music when he was four years old. 莫扎特在四岁的时候，开始写音乐。
It rained when I got home. 当我到家的时候，天下雨了。
when 的用法：
（1）作疑问副词，意为―什么时候‖
When are you leaving? 你什么时候离开？
When did Tony go to the library? 托尼什么时候去的图书馆。
（2）作从属连词，引导一个时间状语从句，意为―当……的时候‖
When he was a small boy, he began to perform Beijing Opera．当他是个小男孩时，他就开始表演京剧。She toured the U.S. when she was fourteen．她十四岁时就周游了美国。
6. Arthur is a loving grandfather. He spends all his free time with his grandchildren.
阿瑟是一位慈爱的祖父。他与他的孙子、孙女一起度过了他所有的业余时间。
spend 意为―花费……时间/金钱‖
I'm planning to spend time in the beautiful countryside．
我打算在美丽的乡村度过时光。
She spent $ 500 last year. 她去年花了五百美元。
（A）spend … on sth.在某物（事）上花费（时间，金钱）
Maria spent five yuan on the book．玛丽亚花了五元钱在这本书上。/ 玛丽亚买这本书花了五元。
I often spend a lot of time on my homework every night．我经常每天晚上花两个小时做家庭作业。（B）spend …（in）doing sth. 花(时间或金钱)干某事
I often spend a lot of time （in）doing my homework．
Maria spent five yuan（in）buying the book．
It takes me a lot of time to do my homework．
用于描述人物的形容词
talented（天才的），loving（慈爱的），outstanding（杰出的），unusual（罕有的），creative（有创造力的），famous（著名的），great（伟大的，很棒的），beautiful（美丽的）
7. Li Yundi, the well-known Chinese pianist, always loved music.中国著名钢琴家李云迪总是喜爱音乐。
划线部分是―Li Yundi‖的同位语，作进一步解释说明。
8. When he was a small boy, he could hum songs and difficult pieces of music．
当他是个小男孩时，他就能够哼唱歌曲和一些较难的音乐篇章。
9. He began to learn the accordion at the age of four.他四岁十就开始学习手风琴。
at the age of 在……岁时
At the age of 4 Mike began to write story books. 迈克四岁时就开始写故事书。
年龄表达方法
（1）用基数词表达年龄，可以加上―… years old‖three years old.
（2）用when 引导的从句when I was three（years old）
（3）at the age of + 基数词at the age of three