2018-2019学年河北省邢台市高二上学期期末英语试题Word版含解析

2018-2019学年河北省邢台市2018-2019学年高二（上）

期末英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）

A

Ancient & Baroque

Rome is one of the world's most attractive cities with probably more to see here than in any other capital on earth．With a recorded history for about 2，500 years，nowhere else seems to have managed to combine classical places of interest and medieval （中世纪的）buildings from Renaissance palaces to Baroque piazzas．

Four nights in centrally located four-star hotel．

Lake Garda，Venice & Verona

An astonishing beautiful scenery shines in Lake Garda in Verona，the medieval world's richest city-outstandingly unique Venice．For centuries，Italy has drawn visitors in search of culture and romance，with few countries comparable to its art，music，design，scenery，food and wine．

Full-day exploring beautiful Lake Garda both on land and by boat．

Six nights in a four-star hotel，including local breakfast and dinner．

Lake Como & Alpine Railways

This wonderful wintertime break includes a visit to beautiful Como Town，with its

breath-taking views．Take a journey on the scenic Bernina Express Railway to famous St．Moritz，and explore Como's shores．

Enjoy the magic of Italy's romantic lake and discover the lakeside Como Town．

Five nights' accommodation at the three-star Hotel Bazzoni．

Lake Garda Trip

Lake Garda，Italy's largest lake，has attracted visitors for over a century with its wonder-ful scenery-clear blue waters．Explore its colourful，and historic lakeside towns，and you will enjoy all this beautiful scenery that Lake Garda offers．

Seven nights in one of our carefully chosen hotels on Lake Garda．

Return flights from your chosen airport to Italy．

1.How long does Lake Garda Trip last？______

A. About four days．

B. About five days．

C. About seven days．

D. About six days．

2.What is special in Lake Garda，Venice & Verona？______

A. Four nights living in hotel．

B. Offering local dinner．

C. Exploring Lake Garda by ship．

D. Offering return tickets．

3.Which trip will be the best one to take in cold weather？______

A. Ancient &．Baroque．

B. Lake Garda，Venice & Verona．

C. Lake Como & Alpine Railways．

D. Lake Garda Trip．

【答案】

【小题1】C 【小题2】B 【小题3】C

【解析】1．C．细节理解题．根据最后一段

Seven nights in one of our carefully chosen hotels on Lake Garda．可知，该旅游路线涵盖在指定宾馆住七夜，该旅游路线持续时间为七天，故选C．

2．B．细节理解题．根据Lake Garda， Venice & Verona 部分

Six nights in a four-star hotel， including local breakfast and dinner．可知，该旅行包含住四星宾馆六个夜晚，提供当地特色的早餐和午餐，这是其他线路不包含的内容，故选B．3．C．细节理解题．根据Lake Como & Alpine Railways部分

This wonderful wintertime break includes a visit to beautiful Como Town， with its breath-ta king views．这个美妙的冬季休息包括参观美丽的科莫城，那里有令人叹为观止的景色．可知，这条线路适合冬天去，故选C．

本文属于应用文，介绍四条特别的旅游路线．并对每条线路的特点进行了说明．

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．

B

I am Duncan Bannatyne．I am a successful businessman with a chain of health clubs and hotels．I also appears on the BBC series Dragons Den，where I judge new business ideas．The only thing I enjoyed at school was maths．I had the ability to add up，but my maths teacher didn't have much time for me because I couldn't write down how I got the answers．I hated things like English-I slightly had difficulty in reading．I was hopeless at sport，too．I could see that the kids who went to high school had better toys than me so I made up my mind to do as well as I could，so that I could pass the exam and get into the best school．I worked very hard，and then I made it．I was the only one in the family who did，so my parents were so proud of me．

I started delivering newspapers when my mother said I couldn't have an ice cream because we were too poor．When I went to the newsagent's （报纸杂志店），the owner told me that there was no need for a delivery boy．I said that my mother would like her paper delivered．But he told me，"That's one person．I need 100．"At last，I knocked on 150 doors．When the ice cream van（箱式货车）came around again，I had enough money to buy ice creams for my whole family．

When I left school，I didn't use my business skills for fifteen years．I was in the Navy and then worked as a garage mechanic．It was always in my mind，though．When I was twenty nine，I was on a beach in the Channel Islands with my girlfriend and we decided to go back to the mainland and make money．Believe it or not，my first company was Duncan's Super Ices which expanded from a single ice cream van to a large group of ice cream vans．

4.What can we know about Duncan from paragraph 1？______

A. He did well in reading．

B. He was good at maths and sport．

C. He was admitted to the best high school．

D. His parents were not satisfied with his performance．

5.Why did Duncan deliver newspapers when young？______

A. To buy ice creams．

B. To set up his first company．

C. To get some working experience．

D. To improve his calculating skills．

6.What made Duncan try his best to study at school？______

A. Wanting ice creams．

B. Wanting better toys．

C. Helping his mother．

D. Making money．

7.What can we learn from the text？______

A. Duncan made a fortune in the Channel Islands．

B. Duncan attended Dragons Den to make himself well-known．

C. Duncan didn't start a business until he went back to the mainland．

D. Duncan persuaded over 150 households to have their newspapers delivered．

【答案】

【小题1】C 【小题2】A 【小题3】B 【小题4】C

【解析】1．C．推理判断题．根据第一段

I could see that the kids who went to high school had better toys than me so I made up my mi nd to do as well as I could， so that I could pass the exam and get into the best school． I wo rked very hard， and then I made it．可知，作者看见那些进入高中的学生有着更好的玩具，因此我下定决心尽我最大努力，最后我成功了，故可知作者被最好的高中录取了，故选C．

2．A．细节理解题．根据第二段第一句

I started delivering newspapers when my mother said I couldn't have an ice cream because we were too poor．可知，因为太穷家里没钱买冰激凌，因此作者就开始送报纸，故选A．3．B．细节理解题．根据第一段

I could see that the kids who went to high school had better toys than me so I made up my mi nd to do as well as I could， so that I could pass the exam and get into the best school． I wo rked very hard， and then I made it．可知，作者看见那些进入高中的学生有着更好的玩具，因此我下定决心尽我最大努力，最后我成功了，故可知作者努力学习是为了想要更好的玩具，故选B．

4．C．推理判断题．根据最后一段

When I was twenty nine， I was on a beach in the Channel Islands with my girlfriend and we decided to go back to the mainland and make money．可知，作者29岁的时候，与女朋友在Channel Islands度假之后，决定回到英国开始挣钱，故选C．

本文属于记叙文，讲述作者虽然贫穷，但是通过努力读了好的高中，送报纸挣买冰激凌的钱以及商业成功的事情．

考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．

C

Something makes your throat strange．It night be a piece of dust or some food that went down your breathing tube by mistake or mucus（黏液）that dropped down from your nose．You cough．

Sometimes you cough on purpose because you want to clear your throat．Other times you don't have to cough．Cough are useful．They clear your main breathing tube，the same way you clear a straw when you blow through it．

If you have mucus or dust or food in your throat，a cough will help to clear it out．But if you have an infection，a cough won't make it go away．That's why，sometimes，you keep coughing．If you do a lot of coughing，your stomach and chest muscles might ache from extra exercise．

Every cough happens in the same way：Firstly，you take a breath so that you have air in your

lungs．Secondly，you close your throat and tighten up some of the muscles in your chest，getting them ready for the big push．

Coughs make an exploding sound because of the air that is pushed out of your lungs through closed lips in the back of your throat．These vocal cords（声带）are forced open by the air causing the explosion that we call a cough．They are the same vocal cords that make the noise when you sing or talk；you sound like you because of your vocal cords．

You can tell who is talking by the sound of a person's voice，but it's hard to tell who is coughing by the sound of the cough．People with high voices sometimes have low coughs．People with low voices sometimes have high coughs．That's because the sound of a cough depends upon how much air is blown out and whether or not the vocal cords are swollen from an infection．

8.What is the first step of a cough？______

A. Sending out air．

B. Breathing in air．

C. Opening the mouth．

D. Closing your throat．

9.What can we learn from the text？______

A. Coughs are bad for one's health．

B. Coughs can cure an infection．

C. A lot of coughs can make your chest muscles ache．

D. People with high voices always have high coughs．

10.What is the main function of cough？______

A. Clearing your throat．

B. Cleaning your nose．

C. Preparing for singing a song．

D. Making an exploding sound．

11.What makes the sound of a cough different？______

A. Throat．

B. Breathing tubes．

C. The amount of air blown out．

D. The voices of people．

【答案】

【小题1】B 【小题2】C 【小题3】A 【小题4】C

【解析】1．B．细节理解题．根据第四段

Every cough happens in the same way： Firstly， you take a breath so that you have air in yo ur lungs可知，咳嗽的第一步，把空气吸入肺部，故选B．

2．C．推理判断题．根据第三段

If you do a lot of coughing， your stomach and chest muscles might ache from extra exercise ．可知，咳嗽过多，腹部和胸部肌肉会因为运动过多而疼痛，故选C．

3．A．细节理解题．根据第二段

Sometimes you cough on purpose because you want to clear your throat．可知，咳嗽主要是为了清理喉咙上的异物，故选A．

4．C．细节理解题．根据最后一段

That's because the sound of a cough depends upon how much air is blown out and whether or not the vocal cords are swollen from an infection．可知，咳嗽音量高低取决于呼出的空气量以及声带是否因为感染而肿胀，故选C．

本文属于科普文，介绍咳嗽的背后的一些原理和知识．

做阅读时经常犯错的主要原因是，仅凭读过文章后残留在脑海中的一丝印象来勾选答案，这样便很容易掉入出题人故意设布下的题目陷阱．所谓阅读理解，对于题目的理解一定要忠实于原文，因此，每一道题都应该与原文作全面的对比与核查，再得出答案．也就是说，阅读理解的每一道题目，在原文都应该有明确的出处，我们把这一出处叫做原

文相关句，（1）排除与原文相关句主题不一致的选项（2）排除与原文相关句态度相反的选项（3）排除用于过于极端或负面的选项（4）注意结合文章主旨和主题去排除．

D

Scientists have recently discovered a major habitat where live more than 1.5 million Adelie penguins（企鹅）near the Antarctic Peninsula．Based on direct ground counts and computer counts，the researchers found a total of 751，527 pairs of Adelie penguins on the Danger Islands in the Weddell Sea on the east side of the Antarctic Peninsula．The Adelie penguins discovered here is more than the rest in the other places of Antarctic Peninsula，which was published in the journal Scientific Reports．

Moreover，the number represents the first complete census of Adelie penguins in the Danger Islands，the researchers added．"Until recently，the Danger Islands wasn't known to be an important penguin habitat．" Heather Lynch，an ecologist from Stony Brook University who led the study，said，"These super habitats have gone undiscovered for decades partly because the islands themselves are distant and the dangerous waters that surround them．" The Danger Islands appears to have avoided recent loss in penguin population documented on other parts of the Antarctic Peninsula．

Another study published earlier suggested that more than 70 percent of king penguins may disappear by the end of the century as a result of global warming and overfishing．As the Danger Islands is likely to remain important islands for many penguins under climate change，scientists believe it deserves special consideration in the design of Marine Protected Areas in this area．"Now that we know how important this area is for penguin，we can better move forward designing Marine Protected Areas and managing the fishery，" said Lynch．

The idea of building the Marine Protected Areas，which covers 1.8 million square km of the Weddell Sea and around the Antarctic Peninsula，was first put forward by the European Union and supported by nongovernmental organization Greenpeace．In January，a global campaign has been started in the vast fishing-free zone to better protect wildlife．

12.What can we learn from paragraph 1？______

A. Researchers knew the number of penguins only by computers．

B. There are 751，527 pairs of penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula．

C. Researcher may have never been to the Antarctic Peninsula．

D. The Danger Islands may be fit for penguins to live on．

13.What does the underlined word "census" in paragraph 2 mean？______

A. Population count．

B. Living condition．

C. Birth．

D. Desert．

14.Why are there many penguins on the Danger Islands？______

A. The Danger Islands is unknown for humans．

B. There is little climate change there．

C. Many people are protecting penguins．

D. The Danger Islands is free from being disturbed by humans．

15.What can we know from what Lynch said？______

A. Half of king penguins will die out in the future．

B. The Antarctic Peninsula needn't become Protected Areas．

C. Because the Danger Islands is dangerous，it becomes a super habitat．

D. The number of penguins discovered here is the largest in the Antarctic Peninsula．【答案】

【小题1】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】D 【小题4】D

【解析】1．D．推理判断题．根据第一段最后一句

The Adelie penguins discovered here is more than the rest in the other places of Antarctic Pen insula， which was published in the journal Scientific Reports．可知，在Danger Islands发现的企鹅数量比南极洲其他地方发现的数量都多，可知，这个地方适合企鹅生长，故选D．

2．A．词义猜测题．根据第二段第一句中的the number可知，751，527 pairs这个数据是Adelie penguins的数量，可以推出census与数量有关，故选A．

3．D．推理判断题．根据第二段

These super habitats have gone undiscovered for decades partly because the islands themselv es are distant and the dangerous waters that surround them．可知，几十年都没发现这个巨大的企鹅栖息地是因为岛屿偏僻，周围水域危险，受人类活动的影响更小，故选D．4．D．推理判断题．根据第二段

Until recently， the Danger Islands wasn't known to be an important penguin habitat．" Heat her Lynch， an ecologist from Stony Brook University who led the study， said， "These su per habitats have gone undiscovered for decades partly because the islands themselves are dis tant and the dangerous waters that surround them．"可知，直到最近，Danger Islands才被人们了解为重要企鹅栖息地，主要原因是因为岛屿偏僻，周围水域危险，因此企鹅数量超过其他地方，故选D．

本文属于新闻，介绍科学家发现了栖息企鹅最多的地方，因为岛屿偏僻，周围水域危险，受人类活动的影响更小，因此几十年没被人发现，同时科学家正考虑采取措施保护这个栖息地．

关于词义猜测题做题技巧．关于词义猜测题做题技巧．词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，主要有对生词的词义猜测，熟词新义以及代词的猜测．其关键是根据上下文的逻辑关系，利用已掌握的信息，有必要的时候，借助生活或者文化常识，确定单词的词义．比如小题2，根据第二段第一句中的the number可知，751，527 pairs这个数据是Adelie penguins的数量，可以推出census与数量有关，确定答案．

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）

Why do Chinese like drinking hot water？In Western countries，drinking hot water isn't common．(1)

(2) ．A British man，who has been in Beijing for over five years，visited local cafe during his trip in England．He said to a friendly waitress in a classy British accent，"Can I have a glass of hot water，please？" The waitress' eyes widened．She was so confused．"To…to…to drink？" she replied．Eventually，the man received the steaming liquid but felt cold stares from every corner of the cafe．Westerners are as curious about why Chinese people drink hot water as Chinese are curious about why Westerners drink cold water．This cultural difference is not a simple issue，but related to history，culture，and science．When did Chinese start to drink hot water？(3) ．Archaeologists found pottery dating to 20，000 years ago．They believe the pottery was used to cook food and heat water．Drinking hot water is considered to be healthier among Chinese people．(4) Bodies' normal temperature is 37℃，which keeps the smooth flow of blood cycle and the regular operation of the body's organs．Cold water has the effect of slowing．

(5) If the body is too weak to warm up，some syndromes（症状）may present themselves，like cold hands and feet，Raynaud's phenomenon（the fingers turning white after exposure to low temperature or emotional events），a weak desire to eat food，poor digestion or body pain．

A．The answer lies in history．

B．There is a story online．

C．It is easy to provide an accurate answer．

D．Westerners often drink with ice almost every day．

E．Drinking cold water leads to an imbalance of temperature inside a body．

F．Hot water was reserved for the pregnant women，the elderly and the sick．

G．When drinking cold water，you will consume more energy to warm up．

16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.

E F.

F G. G

17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.

E F.

F G. G

18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.

E F.

F G. G

19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.

E F.

F G. G

20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.

E F.

F G. G

【答案】

【小题1】D 【小题2】B 【小题3】A 【小题4】E 【小题5】G 【解析】DBAEG

1．D．承接上文题．根据前一句In Western countries， drinking hot water isn't common．可知，本段描述西方人喝水习惯，喝热水不常见，习惯喝冰水．D项：

Westerners often drink with ice almost every day．西方人几乎每天都喝冰水．承接上一句，切题，故选D．

2．B．段落理解题．分析本段可知，本段主要讲述一个在北京生活了五年的英国人去英国餐厅要求热水时，受到周围的关注，可知，本段讲了一个故事（There is a story online），故B选项符合．故选B．

3．A．联系下文题．根据后文Archaeologists found pottery dating to 20，

000 years ago． They believe the pottery was used to cook food and heat water．可知，考古学家发现两万年前的陶器，他们认为这些陶器是用于煮食物和烧热水，可知，中国人喝热水的答案可以从历史中找到（The answer lies in history），故选A．

4．E．理解判断题．根据后文

Bodies' normal temperature is 37℃， which keeps the smooth flow of blood cycle and the re gular operation of the body's organs． Cold water has the effect of slowing．可知，人体正常温度为37摄氏度，这个温度保证正常的血液循环和身体器官的运行，如果喝冷水就会影响温度的降低（Drinking cold water leads to an imbalance of temperature inside a body），故E选项切题，故选E．

5．G．联系下文题．根据后文If the body is too weak to warm up， some syndromes（症状）may present themselves， like cold hands and feet，可知身体体温过低，就会出现一些症状，故本段描述喝冷水可能造成的一些影响．G项：

When drinking cold water， you will consume more energy to warm up．喝冷水时，你会消耗更多的能量来热身．符合文意，故选G．

本文属于说明文，介绍中国人喜欢和热水的原因．饮用热水在中国人中被认为是健康的．人体正常温度为37摄氏度，这个温度保证正常的血液循环和身体器官的运行，如果喝冷水就会影响温度的降低．

七选五做题步骤．先确定出题的位置；读题干，再读需要填入句子的上下句，画出关键词；读文章各段落，确定段落中心句和文章主题句；通读文章确定上下句和选项之间的

逻辑关系．

若空格位置设在段首，则需要：1）查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句．2）锁定关键词，然后在并列、转折、因果等选项中查找相关特征词．通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的．比如小题5，根据后

文 If the body is too weak to warm up， some syndromes（症状）

may present themselves， like cold hands and feet，可知，身体体温过低，就会出现一些症状，故本段描述喝冷水可能造成的一些影响，故选G．

三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）

Leigha Bishop is always finding new ways to encourage her students．Recently，she noticed one of her students (21)a strange hairstyle-a braided topknot （头饰）．She (22) her at once．But the student thought she was (23)．"She didn't believe me，so she responded nothing，as she (24)away．" Leigha told reporters．

To the student's (25)，Leigha came to school the very next day with the (26) same hairstyle．"I went home and got to work on my hair! With my student's hair being (27) to mine，I thought the better way to stow her how (28) she could make me feel was with the same braided topknot．"

Leigha (29)the chance of creating a hairstyle to encourage her students．"When students are (30)for who they are as an individual beyond grades on a report card，they will want to go to school and want to (31)in life．" she explained．"This small action of copying a hairstyle also shows that students have the (32)to inspire teachers．"

Leigha (33)a photo posing with her students and their (34)on Twitter（推特）．"When your student is just so cute，you have to copy her，" she wrote．Another Twitter user，decided to repost the picture in other words，"This teacher，Ms．Bishop praised one of her students' hair，saying she loved it，but the little girl didn't (35)her．The next day，the teacher came to school with her hair done the same as her student．So cute!" The post spread (36)and many people(37)their thoughts．One said，"We need more of this．It builds (38)（which makes them believing in themselves more）．"

As a teacher，Leigha saw how (39) it was to show her students the importance of showing themselves and wanted to make the (40) of all colors better and better．

21. A. drawing B. wearing C. pulling D. dressing

22. A. praised B. criticized C. treated D. helped

23. A. puzzling B. laughing C. joking D. treating

24. A. walked B. put C. blew D. cleared

25. A. sadness B. surprise

C. worry

D. disappointment

26. A. awkward B. positive C. alike D. exact

27. A. funny B. familiar C. different D. similar

28. A. nice B. ugly C. awful D. terrible

29. A. played a part in B. took advantage of

C. fell in love with

D. came up with

30. A. mentioned B. replaced C. evaluated D. examined

31. A. achieve B. wander C. please D. demand

32. A. wish B. responsibility

C. possibility

D. problem

33. A. took B. used C. shared D. enjoyed

34. A. hairstyles B. homework C. clothes D. fashion

35. A. regret B. satisfy C. like D. trust

36. A. quickly B. slowly C. steadily D. luckily

37. A. forgot about B. set about

C. paid attention to

D. wrote down

38. A. confidence B. companies C. houses D. strength

39. A. embarrassed B. tough C. important D. wonderful

40. A. countries B. teachers C. schools D. students

【答案】

【小题1】B 【小题2】A 【小题3】C 【小题4】A 【小题5】B 【小题6】D 【小题7】D 【小题8】A 【小题9】B 【小题10】C 【小题11】A 【小题12】C 【小题13】C 【小题14】A 【小题15】D 【小题16】A 【小题17】D 【小题18】A 【小题19】C 【小题20】D 【解析】BACAB DDABC ACCAD ADACD

1．B．考查动词词义辨析．句意：最近，她注意到一个学生留着一个新奇的发型，一个编顶结．A． drawing吸引，画；B． wearing穿戴；C． pulling拉；D． dressing穿衣．根据后文可知，是学生的新奇的发型让Leigha Bishop也做了同样的发型，故选B．2．A．考查动词词义辨析．句意：她立马赞赏了学生．A． praised称赞；B． criticized 批评；C． treated对待；D． helped帮助．根据前文

Leigha Bishop is always finding new ways to encourage her students．可知，Leigha Bishop 鼓励学生，因而称赞学生的个性行为，故选A．

3．C．考查动词词义辨析．句意：但是学生认为她在嘲笑她．A． puzzling疑

惑； B． laughing大笑；C． joking玩笑；D． treating对待．根据后文

She didn't believe me， so she responded nothing可知，Leigha Bishop的行为没有起到预期的效果，适得其反，故选C．

4．A．考查动词词义辨析．句意：她不相信我，因为她离开的时候，没有回应我．A． walked 走；B． put放；C． blew吹；D． cleared打扫．根据文章可知，学生不认为老师是在夸奖，故一言不发走开了，故选A．

5．B．考查名词词义辨析．句意：让学生们惊讶的是，Leigha Bishop 第二天去学校留着同样的发型．A． sadness悲伤；B． surprise惊讶；C． worry担忧；D． disappointment 失望．根据文章可知，Leigha为了让学生相信她，因此让学生们惊讶，故选B．6．D．考查形容词词义辨析．句意：让学生们惊讶的是，Leigha Bishop 第二天去学校留着同样的发型．A． awkward笨拙的；B． positive积极的；C． alike 像；D． exact 准确的，确切的．根据文章可知，Leigha为了让学生相信她，做了一个一模一样的发型，故选D．

7．D．考查形容词词义辨析．句意：由于我学生的发型与我的相似，我认为更好的方式来展示我对她的感受就是留一个相同的发型．A． funny有趣的；B． familiar熟悉的；C． different 不同的；D． similar相似的．根据文章可知，Leigha为了让学生相信她，留了一个相同的发型，故选D．

8．A．考查形容词词义辨析．句意：由于我学生的发型与我的相似，我认为更好的方式来展示我对她的感受就是留一个相同的发型．A． nice好的；B． ugly丑陋的；C． awful 糟糕的；D． terrible可怕的．根据前文可知，Leigha赞赏学生的发型，但是学生不那么想，故选A．

9．B．考查动词词义辨析．句意：Leigha 利用做发型的机会来鼓励学

生．A． played a part in起作用；B． took advantage of利用；C． fell in love with爱上；D． came up with想出．根据文章可知，Leigha花了很大的功夫来让学生信任她，故选B．

10．C．考查动词词义辨析．句意：当学生们被评估为比成绩单上的要好时，他们都想去学校，同时想在生活中有所成就．A． mentioned提及；B． replaced代替；C． evaluated

评估；D． examined检查．根据文章可知，本句陈述Leigha这么做的原因，学生也可以比老师做的好，故选C．

11．A．考查动词词义辨析．句意：当学生们被评估为比成绩单上的要好时，他们都想去学校，同时想在生活中有所成就．A． achieve获得；B． wander漫游；C． please 使…高兴；D． demand要求．根据文章可知，学生们都想获得成功，故选A．12．C．考查动词词义辨析．句意：模仿学生的发型也说明了学生也有激发老师的东西．A． wish愿望；B． responsibility责任； C． possibility可能性；D． problem问题．根据文章可知，老师模仿学生的发型，认为其很有个性，故选C．

13．C．考查动词词义辨析．句意：Leigha在推特上分享了一张照片，这张照片是关于学生和他们发型的摆拍．A． took带；B． used用；C． shared分享；D． enjoyed喜欢．根据后文可知，这张照片引起轰动，故选C．

14．A．考查名词词义辨析．句意：Leigha在推特上分享了一张照片，这张照片是关于学生和他们发型的摆拍．A． hairstyles发型；B． homework家庭作业； C． clothes 衣服；D． fashion时尚．根据文章可知，本文谈论发型，故选A．

15．D．考查动词词义辨析．句意：但是这个小女孩不相信这个老师的话语．A． regret 后悔；B． satisfy使满意；C． like喜欢；D． trust信任．根据前文可知，小女孩不信任这个老师，故选D．

16．A．考查副词词义辨析．句意：这个帖子传播得很快，很多人都写下他们的想法．A． quickly快速地；B． slowly缓慢地；C． steadily稳定地；D． luckily幸运地．根据文章可知，这个帖子很火，故选A．

17．D．考查动词词义辨析．句意：这个帖子传播得很快，很多人都写下他们的想法．A． forgot about忘记；B． set about着手；C． paid attention to注意到；D． wrote down 写下．根据本句可知，帖子传播很快，很多人写评论，故选D．

18．A．考查名词词义辨析．句意：我们需要更多像这样的东西，它建立了信心．A． confidence 自信；B． companies公司；C． houses房子；D． strength力气．根据前文可知，这件事情是关于学生信任的故事，故选A．

19．C．考查形容词词义辨析．句意：作为一个老师，Leigha 让学生能够明白展示自己是多么的重要，同时也让各种肤色的学生变得越来越好．A． embarrassed尴尬的；B． tough困难的；C． important重要的；D． wonderful神奇地．根据文章可知，本文主要讲述学生新奇发型的事情，对此老师是认可的，故选C．

20．D．考查名词词义辨析．句意：：作为一个老师，Leigha 让学生能够明白展示自己是多么的重要，同时也让各种肤色的学生变得越来越好．A． countries 国家；B． teachers 老师；C． schools学校；D． students学生．根据文章可知，本文讲述学校里面留发型的事情，故选D．

本文属于记叙文，介绍一个老师为了博得学生的信任，特意剪了一个与之一样的发型，并且在网上博得广泛关注．

做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意，一篇完形填空的文章会有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一遍，才能大概了解文章内容，千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致，选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．这篇完型要多注意：填空时多联系上下文，注意固定搭配，答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．

四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）

41.Air pollution is a killer．The World Health Organization says it kills about seven million

people around the world each year．Even if (1) （pollute）air does not kill us，it can make us very sick．(2) （wear）face masks，people walk past heavy traffic as Beijing is hit by a sandstorm．The government in Beijing issued a blue warning on air pollution as sandstorms swept through the Chinese capital city．

However，breathing in dirty air (3) （frequent）may do more harm to your body，(4) can also affect your brain and your ability to think．A new study shows that air pollution can cause a huge decrease in our (5) （intelligent）．The researchers reported that long term suffering air pollution can affect a person's mental abilities in two (6) （area）：language and math．

The researchers studied about 25，000 people from across China．Between 2010 and 2014，these Chinese men，women and children (7) （give）language and math

tests．The researchers found that breathing in (8) air which has been polluted can reduce

a person's education level by about one year．The effect generally is even (9) （bad）

for those over years of age，for men and for those with little or no education．The researchers noted that the effect of pollution (10) language ability is even more serious as people age，especially among men and the less educated．

【答案】【小题1】polluted

【小题2】Wearing

【小题3】frequently

【小题4】which

【小题5】intelligence

【小题6】areas

【小题7】were given

【小题8】the

【小题9】worse

【小题10】on/upon

【解析】1．polluted．考查非谓语动词．句意：即使污染的空气不会致我们于死地，但是也会让我们生病．修饰名词用形容词，pollute与air为动宾关系，故用过去分词形式，故填polluted．

2．Wearing．考查非谓语动词．句意：当沙尘暴侵袭北京的时候，人们带着面罩，穿行在繁忙的交通之间．分析句子可知，本部分为非谓语动词作状语，wear与其逻辑主语people为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式，故填Wearing．

3．frequently．考查副词．句意：但是，经常吸入污染空气不仅对身体有害，还会影响大脑和思考能力．修饰动词用副词，故填frequently．

4．which．考查定语从句．句意：但是，经常吸入污染空气不仅对身体有害，还会影响大脑和思考能力．分析句子可知，can also affect your brain and your ability to think为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 breathing in dirty air，从句缺乏主语，故用关系代词which．故填which．

5．intelligence．考查名词．句意：研究表明空气污染也会造成我们智力的降低．由于有our修饰，故用名词intelligence．故填intelligence．

6． areas．考查名词复数．句意：长期受空气污染的影响，会对智力的两个方面造成影响：语言和数学．Two后接可数名词复数，故用areas．Area作方面讲为可数名词．故填areas．

7．were given．考查动词时态和语态．句意：在2010年至2014年间，对中国男性、女性和儿童做了语言和数学测试．分析句子可知，本句缺乏谓语，give与主语为动宾关系，故用被动语态，陈述过去的行为，故用一般过去时，故填were given．

8．the．考查定冠词．句意：研究人员发现吸入污染的空气，智力会降低一年．分析句子可知， which has been polluted为定语从句修饰先行词air，故air为特指受到污染的空气，故用定冠词the．故填the．

9．worse．考查比较级．句意：这个影响对年老的人以及受教育程度低的人更大．分析句子以及even可知，本句讲述空气污染对特殊人群的影响更大，故用比较级worse．故填worse．

10．on/upon．考查介词．句意：研究人员同时指出，空气污染的对语言能力的影响随着年龄的变大更严重．分析句子可知，effect on/upon …对…影响，故用介词on或者upon．故填on/upon．

本文属于科普文，讲述空气污染不仅伤害身体，还影响智力，特别是老年人和受教育程度低的人群．

首先要通读全文，了解大意，抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，明确空格所要填的词义，词型和短语搭配，给出所要填的正确形式，然后整体阅读，核对答案．

五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．

Last Saturday， some of my friends and I went to a park for a walk． I saw a elderly wo man collecting rubbish throw by people． She obviously had some difficulty collect so me small things． Suddenly， I came up with an idea． Why not asked my friends to h elp her collect rubbish？ Much to their surprise， all my friends agreed and were willin

g help． So we worked hard together with her and collected much rubbish． At the end

of this activity， and we said goodbye to her． Felt tired， I was really happily． I reall y think we'll have a beautiful society if all people help each other． How a meaningful d ay!

【答案】

Last Saturday， some of my friends and I went to a park for a walk． I saw a elderly woma n collecting rubbish throw by people． She obviously had some difficulty collect some sma ll things． Suddenly， I came up with an idea． Why not asked my friends to help her colle ct rubbish？ Much to their surprise， all my friends agreed and were willing help． So we worked hard together with her and collected much rubbish． At the end of this activity， and we said goodbye to her． Felt tired， I was really happily． I really think we'll have a beau tiful society if all people help each other． How a meaningful day!

详解：

1：a改成an．考查不定冠词．句意：我看见一个老妇人在捡别人扔的垃圾．由于elderly 为元音发音开头，woman为可数名词，故把a改为an．

2：throw改成threw．考查非谓语动词．句意：我看见一个老妇人在捡别人扔的垃圾．分析句子可知，throw作非谓语修饰名词rubbish，与其为动宾关系，故用过去分词形式，把throw改为thrown．

3：collect改成collecting．考查非谓语动词．句意：很明显，她捡小的东西很困难．本句为短语have difficulty in doing sth做某事有困难，故把collect改为collecting．

4：asked改成ask．考查动词．句意：为什么不叫朋友们帮忙捡垃圾呢？本句为固定句型why not+动词原形，故把asked改为ask．

5：their改成my．考查代词．句意：让我很惊讶的是，朋友们都欣然同意，愿意帮忙．分析文章可知，本句描述作者的感受，故把their改为my．

6：加to．考查不定式．句意：让我很惊讶的是，朋友们都欣然同意，愿意帮忙．本句为Willing的短语be willing to do sth愿意做某事，故在help前加to．

7：去掉and．考查连词．句意：最后，我们与老妇人道别．分析句子可知，

At the end of this activity为短语，而 we said goodbye to her．为句子，等级不同，不能用连词连接，故去掉and．

8：felt改成feeling．考查非谓语动词．句意：虽然感到疲惫，但是很开心．分析句子可知，feel为非谓语动词作状语，与其逻辑主语I为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式，把felt 改为feeling．

9：happily改成happy．考查形容词．句意：虽然感到疲惫，但是很开心．Be动词之后接形容词或者名词，故把happily改为happy．

10：How改成What．考查感叹句．句意：多么有意义的一天！由于后接名词短语

a meaningful day，故感叹句需用what，故把How改为What．

【解析】本文属于记叙文，讲述作者帮助老妇人捡垃圾的事情．

短文改错考查涉及面广，但却有所侧重．考查点测试频率最高的是动词，涉及动词考查的有时态、语态、非谓语动词形式、情态动词和动词的用法等．此外，还考查名词、介词、代词、冠词、形容词、副词、连词等，还涉及到句型结构、行文逻辑、固定搭配等．

六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）

43.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter最近对中国歌曲很感兴趣，来信询问你关于中

国流行歌曲的情况．请你就此用英语给他回封信．内容包括：

1．较以前融入了更多中国传统音乐；

2．中国音乐进入付费时代；

3．问他是否有喜欢的中国流行歌曲．

注意：

1．词数100左右；

2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．

【答案】Dear Peter，

I haven't heard from you for a long time． It is a little bit surprising that you have shown grea t interest in Chinese pop music recently．【高分句型

一】 Chinese pop music is taking much more advantage of Chinese traditional music than ev er， which makes it have more Chinese taste．【高分句型二】（书信主题--中国流行歌曲的情况）

With the development of our society and technology． we can't enjoy the music free of charg e any longer． We've got to pay for it． It is good to the long-term development of music． I t is not difficult to imagine a world short of music．（中国音乐进入付费时代）

Do let me know what kind of Chinese music you would like to enjoy．（问他是否有喜欢的中国流行歌曲）

Best wishes．

Yours，

Li Hua

【解析】高分句型

1．It is a little bit surprising that you have shown great interest in Chinese pop music recently．句子里，It做形式主语，代指that引导的主语从句you have shown great interest in Chinese pop music recently．

你最近对中国流行音乐表现出浓厚的兴趣，这有点令人惊讶．

2．Chinese pop music is taking much more advantage of Chinese traditional music than ever，which makes it have more Chinese taste．

句子里，代指主句Chinese pop music is taking much more advantage of Chinese traditional music than ever，关系词which引导非限制性定语从句makes it have more Chinese taste．中国流行音乐比以往任何时候都更充分地利用了中国传统音乐，这使得它有了更多的中国味．

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