(完整版)药剂学专业英语词汇
药剂学专业英语词汇
A
absolute biaoavailability 绝对生物利用度
absorption 吸收
acacia 阿拉伯胶
accelerated stability 加速稳定性试验
accumulation factor 蓄积因子
active targeting 主动靶向
active transport 主动转运
additives 附加剂
adhesives 粘合剂
adjuvant 辅料
administration 给药；服法；用法
aerosil 微粉硅胶
aerosol 气雾剂
agar 琼脂
aggregation 凝聚（作用）
albumin 白蛋白
alginate(alginic acid) 海藻酸盐（海藻酸）
amorphous form 无定型
amphiphilic 两亲性的
ampoule 安瓿
angle of friction 摩擦角
angle of repose 休止角
anion exchange resin 阴离子交换树脂
antiadherents 抗粘合剂
antioxidant 抗氧剂
antiseptics 防腐剂；消毒剂
apparent first-order absorption(elimination) rate constant 表观一级吸收（消除）常数
apparent volume of distribution 表观分布容积
aromatic waters 芳香水剂
aseptic manipulation 无菌操作
autoclave 高压灭菌器
autoxidation 自动氧化
Azone 1-十二烷基氮杂环庚烷-2-酮（氮酮）
B
bactericide 杀菌剂
ball mill 球磨机
basewax 蜂蜡
bentonite 硅皂土
binder 粘合剂
bioadhesive tablets 生物粘附片
biocompatibility 生物相容性
bioequivalence 生物等效性
biologic half-life 生物半衰期
Biopharmaceutics 生物药剂学
biotransformation 生物转化
blood-brain barrier 血脑屏障
BP（British Pharmacopoeia）英国药典
buccal administration 颊给药
buccal tablets 口含片
bulk density 堆密度
C
capacity-limited and nonlinear process 能力有限和非线形过程capillary action 毛细管作用
capping 顶裂
capsules 胶囊
carbopol 卡波普（=carbomer,卡泊姆）
carboxypolymethylene 聚羧乙烯
carmauba wax 巴西棕榈蜡
carrier-mediated transfer system 载体转运系统
cation exchange resin 阳离子交换树脂
cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP)邻苯二甲酸醋酸纤维素
cetyl alcohol 十六醇，鲸蜡醇
chelating agent 螯合剂
chewable tablets 咀嚼片
chipping 裂片
chitin 壳多糖
chitosan 脱乙酰壳多糖
chronopharmacokinetics 时辰药物动力学
clarity (test) 澄明度（检查）
cloud point 浊点
co-solvency 潜溶
coagulation 聚沉
coating 包衣
cocoa butter 可可豆脂
cohesiveness 粘着性
colloid mill 胶体磨
comminution 粉碎（作用）
complex coacervation method 复凝聚法
content uniformity test 含量均匀试验
controlled release preparation 控释制剂
coprecipitate 共沉淀物
coulter counter 库氏计数器
cracking 松片
creaming 乳析
creatinine clearance 肌肝清除率
critical micelle concentration (CMC) 临界胶团浓度croscarmellose sodium , CCNa 交联羧甲基纤维素钠crospovidone 交联聚维酮
cyclodextrin inclusion compound 环糊精包合物
D
decoction 箭煮法，汤剂
deflocculating agent 反絮凝剂
delayed release 延缓释放
dextrin 糊精
die 模圈
differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) 差示扫描量热法differential thermal analysis (DTA) 差示热分析法diffussion coefficient 扩散系数
diluents 稀释剂
dimethyl acetamide ,DMA 二甲基乙酰胺
dimethyl formamide,DMF 二甲基甲酰胺
dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO 二甲基亚砜
disinfectant 消毒剂；灭菌剂
disintegrant 崩解剂
dispersible tablets 分散片
displacement value 置换价
dissolution 溶出
distribution 分布
dosage form 剂型
dosage regimen 给药方案
dosing interval 给药间隔
drug compatibility 药物配伍
drug delivery system 药物传递系统，给药系统
drug disposition 药物处置
duration 作用持续期
dustibility 松散性
E
effervescent tablets 泡腾片
elimination 消除
elixirs 酏剂
emulsions 乳剂
emulsification 乳化（作用）
encapsulation coefficency 包封率
endocytosis 内吞作用
enemas 灌肠剂
enteric coated tablets 肠衣片
enterohepatic cycle 肠肝循环
equivalent diameter 等价径
erodible matrix 溶蚀性骨架
ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer(EVAC) 乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物ethyl cellulose EC 乙基纤维素
eudragit 丙烯酸树脂
eutectic mixture 低共熔混合物
excipient 赋形剂，辅料
extended release 持续释放
extract preparation 浸出制剂
extracts 浸膏剂
extravascular administration 血管外给药
F
facilitated diffusion 促进扩散
fast 禁食
feed shoe 饲粉靴
fillers 填充剂
film coated tablets 薄膜衣片
filter candle(stick) 滤棒
first pass effect 首过效应
flavoring agent 矫味剂
flocculant 絮凝剂
fluctuation 波动性
fluid bed coating/granulation 流化床包衣制粒
fluid energy mills 流能磨
fluid extracts 流浸膏剂
fluid mosaic model 液体镶嵌模式
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 药品食品管理局formulation 处方
friability 脆碎度
fusion 融合作用
G
gargles 漱口剂
gelatin 明胶
gelatin glycerin 甘油明胶
glidants 助流剂
glomerular filtration 肾小球滤过
glycerites 甘油剂
glyceryl monostearate 单硬脂酸甘油酯glycoprotein 糖蛋白
granule density 粒密度
greazing bases 油脂性基质
guest molecule 客分子
H
healthy volunteer 健康受试者
high-efficiency particle air filter 高效空气过滤器horizontal laminar flow 水平层流
hopper 加料斗，饲粉器
host molecule 主分子
hydrocarbon bases 烃类物质
hydrogel matrix 水凝胶骨架
hydrogenated vegetable oils 氢化植物油hydrophile-lipophile balance(HLB) 亲水亲油平衡值hydrophilic matrix 亲水性骨架
hydroscopicity 吸湿性
hydrotropic agent 助溶剂
hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose HPMC 羟丙基甲基纤维素hydroxypropylstarch 羟丙基淀粉
I
implants 植入剂
in vitro 体外
in vivo 体内
inclusion compound 包合物
incompatibility 配伍禁忌
industrial pharmacy 工业药剂学
infusion 浸渍；浸剂；输注
inhalation aerosols 吸入气雾剂
injections 注射剂
instantaneous rate 瞬时速度
interfacial polymerization 界面缩聚法
intra uterine device(IUD) 宫内给药器
intra vaginal ring (IVR) 阴道环
intravenous infusion 静脉滴注
inulin 菊粉
iontophoresis 离子等渗
irrigations 灌洗剂
iso-osmotic solution 等渗溶液
isotonic solution 等张溶液
isotonicity 等张性；等渗性
JP(The Pharmacopoeia of Japan) 日本药局方
K
kidney function 肾功能
kinetics parameter 动力学参数
L
L-hydroxypropyl cellulose,L-HPC 低取代羟丙基纤维素
lactose 乳糖
lag time 时滞
lake 色淀
lamiar flow clean bench 层流洁净工作台
lamination 层裂
leak test (testing) 漏气实验
lecithin(e) 卵磷脂
limuis test 鲎实验
liniments 搽剂
liposomes 脂质体
loading dose 负荷剂量
lotions 洗剂
lubricants 润滑剂
lyophilic亲液的；亲媒的
lyophilization 冷冻干燥
lyophobic 疏液的；疏媒的（胶体）
M
maceration 浸渍（作用）
macromolecular solution 高分子溶液
macrovesicle liposome 大多孔脂质体
magnetic microspheres 磁性微球
maintenance dose 维持剂量
matrix tablets 骨架片
mean residence time(MRT) 平均滞留时间
medicinal liquor 酒剂
membrane evaporator 薄膜浓缩器
metastable 亚稳的
methyl cellulose,MC 甲基纤维素
micelle 胶团
Michaelis-Menten kinetics M-M动力学
micro-spheres 微球
microcapsules 微囊
microcrystalline cellulose 微晶纤维素microemulsions 微乳
microencapsulation 微型包囊术
micromeritics 粉粒学
micronise 微粉化
microporous membrane 微孔膜
microvilli 微絨毛
migration 迁移
minimum effective concentration (level) 最小有效浓度minimum toxic concentration 最小中毒浓度
mixer 混合机
mixtures 合剂
moistening agent 润湿剂
monoclonal antibody 单克隆抗体
mottling 色斑
mucilages 胶浆剂
multilamellar,multiple compartment liposomes 多室脂质体multiple compartment model 多室模型
multiple dosing 多剂量给药
multiple emulsion 复合型乳剂
N
nanocapsules 毫微胶囊
nanoparticles 毫微粒
nanospheres 毫微球
naris drops 滴鼻剂
nasal administration 鼻腔给药
nonlinear pharmacokinetics 非线性药物动力学
National Formulary 美国药局方
Nipagin(parabens) 尼泊金
O
ointments 软膏剂
oleaginous bases 油性基质
one compartment model 单室模型
onset 起效时间
ophthalmic preparation 眼用制剂
optimization technique 优化技术
oral administration 口服给药
oral osmotic pumps 口服渗透泵
P
paraffin 石蜡
paregal 0 平平加0
partition coefficient 分配系数
passive diffusion 被动扩散
passive target preparation 被动靶向制剂
pastes 糊剂
peeling 剥落
pellet 小丸
penetration enhancers 穿透促进剂
percoltation 渗漉
percutaneous administration 经皮给药
permeability coefficient 穿透系数
pH-partition theory pH-分配学说
pharmaceutics 药剂学
pharmacokinetics 药物动力学
pharmacopoeia 药典
pharmacy 药学；药房
phase separation-coacervation 相分离凝聚法
phase transition temperature 相变温度
picking 粘连
pills 丸剂
plasters 硬膏剂
plastic flow 塑性流动
plasticizer 增塑剂
plateau concentration(level) 坪浓度
pluronic F-68 普朗尼克F-68
polishing,smoothing 打光
Poloxamer 泊洛沙姆
polyacrylamide 聚丙烯酰胺
polyacrylic acid 聚丙烯酸
polyethylene glycols,PEC 聚乳酸
polymerization 聚合
polymethyl methacrylate 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯
polymorphism 多晶型（现象）
polyvinyl alcohol,PVA 聚乙烯醇
polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP)(povidone) 聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（聚维酮）porosity 空隙率
powders 散剂
preformulation 处方前工作
pregelatinized starch 预胶化淀粉
prescription 处方
preservative 防腐的，防腐剂
prodrug 前体药物
propellants 抛射剂
pseudo first order reaction 伪一级反应
pseudoplastic flow 伪塑性流动
pulsed and regulated drug delivery system 脉冲式和自调式释药系统
pulverization 粉碎（作用），研磨（作用）
punch 冲头
pyrogens 热原
R
rate method 速率法
rate-limiting step 限速步骤
rectal dosage form 直肠给药剂型
relative bioavailability 相对生物利用度
residuals method 残数法
rheology 流变学
S
sedimentation 沉降（作用）
semipermeable membrane 半透膜
shellac 虫胶
sieves 筛（子），筛（分）
sigma-minus method 总量减去法
silicones 硅酮，硅油
simple coacervation method 单凝聚法
single-punch press 单冲压片机
sintered glass filter 垂溶玻璃滤器
sodium carboxyl methyl cellulose,CMC-Na 羧甲基纤维素钠sodium carboxyl methyl starch,CMS-Na 羧甲基淀粉钠
sodium lauryl sulfate 十二烷基硫酸钠
solid dispersion 固体分散体
solidification 固化
solubilization 增溶作用
solvate 溶剂化物
sonication dispersion method 超声分散法
Spans 司盘类
specific acid-base catalysis 特殊酸碱催化
specification 规格，说明书
spermacete 鯨蜡
spirits 醑剂
sprays 喷雾剂
stability 稳定性
starch 淀粉
statistical moment 统计矩
steady-state 稳态
stearyl alcohol 十八醇，硬脂醇
sterilization 灭菌，消毒
sterilizer 杀菌器，消毒器
sticking 粘冲
sublingual tablets 舌下片
sugar coated tablets 糖衣片
superdisintegrants 超级崩解剂
suppositories 栓剂
surfactant 表面活性剂
suspending agent 助悬剂
suspensions 混悬剂
sustained release prepatation 缓释制剂
sweeting agent 甜味剂
syrups 糖浆剂
systemic clearance 总清除率
T
tablets 片剂
talc 滑石粉
targeted drug delivery system(TDDS) 靶向给药体系（系统）
terylene 涤纶薄膜
the area under the plasma concentration-time curve 血浓时间曲线下面积The Extra Pharmacopoeia 药学大全
The International Pharmacopoeia 国际药典
the membrane of epithelial cell 上皮细胞膜
the rate of gastric emptying 胃排空速率
theobroma oil 可可豆油
therapeutic concentration range 治疗浓度范围
therapeutic equivalence 治疗等效性
thixotropy 触变形
time course 经时过程
Tinctures 酊剂
tragacanth 西黄耆胶
transdermal therapeutic system,TTS 透皮治疗系统
transport 转运
trapezoidal rule 梯形法则
true density 真密度
tubular reabsorption 肾小管重吸收
tubular secretion 肾小管分泌
Tweens 吐温类
U
ultrafiltration 超滤
unilamellar,single compartment liposomes 单室脂质体urinary excretion 尿排泄
USP(The Pharmacopoeia of United States) 美国药典V
Vaseline(e) 凡士林
vertical laminar flow 垂直层流
W
water for injection 注射用水
wettability 可湿性
wetting agent 润湿剂
Z
zein 玉米脘
00832英语词汇学1107全国试题
全国2011年7月高等教育自学考试 英语词汇学试题 课程代码：00832 I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30 %) 1. Grammarians insist that a word be a __________ form that can function in a sentence. ( ) A. small B. large C. fixed D. free 2. In the earliest stage of English, the written form of a word should ________ that of the oral form. ( ) A. agree with B. disagree with C. be the same as D. be different from 3. ____________consists of technical terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas as in medicine, mathematics, etc. ( ) A. Terminology B. Jargon C. Slang D. Argot 4. Social, economic and political changes bring about such new words as the followings EXCEPT_________. ( ) A. fast food B. TV dinner C. Mao jackets D. Watergate 5. Reviving archaic words also contributes to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, “loan”, which was prevalent in the thirteenth century, was replaced by “ __________ ” in American English. ( ) A. own B. let C. rent D. lend 6. If we say that Old English was a language of __________ endings, Middle English was one of leveled endings. ( ) A. full B. short C. long D. paralleled 00832# 英语词汇学试卷第1页共6页
中药药剂学复习重点总结
一、绪论 1.中药药剂学：中药药剂学是以中医院理论为指导，运用现代科学技术，研究中药药剂的 配制理论、生产技术、质量控制与合理应用等内容的综合性应用技术科学。 2.中药药剂学任务：学习、继承和整理有关药剂学的理论、技术和经验；吸收和应用现代 药学及相关学科中有关的理论、方法、技术、设备、仪器、方法等加速中药药剂的现代化； 在中医药理论指导下，运用现代科学技术，研制中药新剂型，新制剂，并提高原有药剂的质量；积极寻找中药药剂的新辅料；加强中药药剂基本理论研究 3.中药药剂学地位作用：联系中医中药的桥梁，中药现代化的主要载体 4.中药剂型选择的基本原则：根据防治疾病的需要选择剂型；根据药物本身性质选择剂型； 根据五方便的要求选择剂型 5.三小三效五方便。三小：剂量小，毒性小，副作用小；三效：高效，速效，长效；五方 便：服用方便，携带方便，生产方便，运输方便，储存方便。 6.中药药剂学常用的术语： 1)药物与药品：凡用于治疗、预防及诊断疾病的物质总称为药物，包括原料药和药品。药品是 指用于预防、治疗、诊断人的疾病，有目的地调节人的生理机能并规定有适应症或者功能主治、用法和用量的物质。 2)制剂：根据药典或标准规定的处方，将药物加工制成具有一定规格，可直接用于临床的 药品，称为制剂。 3)剂型：将原料药加工制成适合于医疗或预防应用的形式，称药物剂型，简称剂型。目前 常用的有40多种。 4)方剂：根据医师临时处方，将药物或制剂经配制而成，标明具体使用对象，用法和用量 的制品。 5)成药：系指可以不经医师处方公开销售的制剂 7．中药药剂学发展的历史：夏禹时期已经发现曲，能酿酒和发现酒的作用；汤剂最早使用剂型，晋皇甫谧著《针灸甲乙经》记有药酒和汤剂：《五十二病方》记有丸剂；梁陶弘景《本草经集注》为近代制剂工艺规程的雏形；唐《新修本草》（载药844，特点图文并茂，以图为主）最早的药典；孙思邈所著《备急千金要方》和《千金翼方》；宋官方编写了《太平惠民和剂局方》是第一部制剂规范，设立专门生产成药和专门经营管理的机构 8. 质量控制分析法：显微鉴定法，理化鉴定法 9. 药剂分类：按物态分类固体剂型、半固体剂型液体剂型和气体剂型。按制备方法分类 将主要工序采用同样方法制备的剂型列为一类。按分散系统分类真溶液型药剂、胶体溶液类剂型、乳浊液类剂型和混悬液类剂型、固体分散体剂型等。按给药途径和方法分类经胃肠道给药的剂型和不经胃肠道给药的剂型。 10. 药典：是一个国家记载药品质量规格、标准的法典。 11. GMP（Good Manufacturing Practice）:即药品生产质量管理规范。指药品生产过程中， 用科学、合理、规范化的条件和方法来保证生产优良药品的一套科学管理方法。GMP有国际性的、国家性的、和行业性的三种类型。GLP：指药品安全试验规范
英语词汇学考试重点整理
Explain the following terms 一1) free morpheme/ A free morpheme is one that can be uttered发出，表达alone with meaning. It can exist on its own without a bound morpheme. In the traditional sense, a free morpheme is a word. 例如hand ,eat, get 2) bound form/never used as sentences. – ess in countess, lioness and duchess –ish in boyish, childish and greenish –s in hats, books and cups 3) function words/ function words are often short words, they do not have much lexical meaning and some of them have no lexical meaning of their own; They are often short words such as determiners限定词, conjunctions连词, prepositions介词, auxiliaries辅助物, and so forth. 如to, the , of , by 4) content words实词/ They are used to name objects, qualities, actions, processes or states, and have independent lexical meaning. They are the nouns, main verbs, adjectives形容词and adverbs副词of a language. 二1) syntheti c综合的language / inflectional grammatical markers, French, German and Russian. 2) analytic language/word order, prepositions or auxiliary verbs , English and Chinese 3) Indo-European family of languages/ Europe and parts of Southern Asia Eight groups 三1) morphemes /The morpheme is the smallest meaningful linguistic unit of language, not divisible可分的or analyzable into smaller forms. 2) allomorphs/variants变体of the same morphem如im-, ir-, il- : allomorphs of the morpheme in- 3) root / is the basic unchangeable part of a word, and it conveys the main lexical meaning of the word. work able, work er, work ed, and work ing 4) stem /A stem is of concern only when dealing with inflectional morphology. Inflectional (but not derivational) affixes are added to it. It is the part of word-form which remains when all inflectional affixes have been removed. 如undesirables, undesirable; desired, desire 5) base / A base is any form to which affixes of any kind can be added. Desirable, desire - base and root, not stem; undesirable, desirable-base, not root and stem 6) inflectional affixes/A inflectional affix serves to express such meanings as plurality复数, tense, and the comparative比较的or superlative 最高的degree. 如-s, -ed, -er, -est 7) derivational affixes / When they are added to another morpheme, they derive a new word. re+write, mini+car, super+market, modern+ize, work+er 8) compounding 复合法/Compounding is a word-formation process consisting of combining two or more bases to form a compound word 9) derivation 派生法/Derivation or affixation is generally defined as a word-formation process by which new words are created by adding a prefix or a suffix or both to the base 10) conversion 转化法/Conversion is a word-formation process in which a word of a certain word-class is shifted into a word of another word-class without the addition of an affix. 11) initialism/It is a type of shortening, using the first letters of words to form a proper name, a technical term, or a phrase. 12) acronym首字母缩略词/Acronyms are words formed from the initial letters of the name of an organization or a scientific term, etc. Acronyms differ from initialisms in that they are pronounced as words rather than as sequences of letters. 13) blending拼缀/Blending is a process of word-formation in which a new word is formed by
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英语词汇学怎么考 英语词汇学必背知识点
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2、词汇积累学习
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2014年执业药师资格考试《中药药剂学(中药炮制学)》考试辅导(过关必背)
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英语词汇学 英语词汇学习题3及答案讲课稿
英语词汇学英语词汇学习题3及答案
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2012词汇学复习资料 The development of the English Vocabulary 1.Indo-European Language Family The Indo-European Language Family is considered as one of the most important language families. It includes most languages of Europe, the Near East, and India. Those languages, which are believed to have originated from this language family and developed alone different lines, show various degrees of similarity to one another. They fall into eight principal groups, which can be grouped into an Eastern Set东部诸语族: Balto-Slavic波罗的-斯拉夫语, Indo-Iranian印度伊朗语族, Armenian 亚美尼亚语族and Albanian阿尔巴尼亚语族; a Western Set: 西部诸语族Celtic凯尔特语族, Italic 意大利语族, Hellenic希腊语族, Germanic日尔曼语族. All the languages in both sets shed some influence on English to a greater or lesser extent because each has lent words into the English vocabulary. Prussian普鲁士语 Lithuanian立陶宛语 Polish波兰语 Balto-Slavic波罗的-斯拉夫语Czech捷克斯洛伐克语 Bulgarian保加利亚语 Slovenian斯洛文尼亚语 Russian Albanian阿尔巴尼亚 Persian波斯语 Hindi北印度语 Indo-Iranian印度伊朗语系Bengali孟加拉语 Romany，吉卜赛语 Armenian亚美尼亚语 Portuguese Spanish Italic意大利语族Italian Roumanian罗马尼亚语 French Indo-European Language Family Irish Celtic凯尔特语Breton Scottish Norwegian挪威语 Icelandic，冰岛语 Danish丹麦语 Germanic Swedish瑞典语 日尔曼语言English Dutch Flemish German Hellenic，古希腊语- Greek
中药药剂学考试重点
中药药剂学 中药药剂学：是以中医药理论为指导，运用现代科学技术研究中药药剂的配制理论、生产技术、质量控制与合理应用的一门综合性应用技术科学。 药物：是指用于预防、治疗、诊断疾病的物质总称，包括原料药与药品。 药品：一般指将原料药物经加工制成的可直接应用的成品。 剂型：将原料药加工制成适合于医疗或预防的应用形式。 制剂：将原料药加工制成具有一定规格的药物制品称为制剂。 调剂：指按照医师处方专为某一患者配制，注明用法用量的药剂调配操作。 中成药：指以中瑶饮片为原料，在中医药理论指导下，按法定处方和制法大批量生产，具特有名称，并标注有功能主治、用法用量和规格，实行批文号管理的药品。 剂型选择的基本原则： 1.根据防治疾病的需要选择剂型 2.根据药物性质选择剂型 3.根据常规要求选择剂型三效——————高效、速效、长效 三小——————剂量、毒性、副作用 五便——————服用、携带、生产、运输、储存 中药制剂剂型的重要性： ①剂型影响中药制剂的作用性质冰片入丸剂口服，发挥开窍醒神作用以治疗闭证之神昏 ②剂型影响中药制剂的起效速度静脉＞吸入＞肌肉＞皮下＞直肠或舌下＞口服＞皮肤 ③剂型影响中药制剂的作用强度 ④剂型影响中药制剂的稳定性 商汤时期，伊尹首创汤剂《汤液经》，我国最早的方剂与制药技术专著。 战国时期，我国现存的第一部医药经典著作《黄帝内经》记载了汤、丸、散、膏、酒。 东汉时期，现存最早的本草专著《神农本草经》论及制药理论、制备方法。 晋代，葛洪著《肘后备急方》八卷，首次提出“成药剂”概念。 唐代，由政府组织编撰颁布的《新修本草》，我国历史上第一部官修本草。 宋元时期，由太医院颁布《太平惠民和剂局方》，第一部制剂规范。
(完整版)全国英语词汇学(00832)高等教育自学考试试题与答案
全国高等教育自学考试 英语词汇学试题 课程代码：00832 Ⅰ．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1．According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.（） A．meaning B．Sound C．combination of sounds D．Group 2．The pronunciation has changed ______ spelling over the years.（） A．more slowly than B．As quickly as C．more rapidly than D．Not so quickly as 3．Words may fall into the basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary by ______.（）A．use frequency B．notion C．origin D．sound 4．Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT______.（） A．green revolution B．fast food C．moon walk D．space shuttle 5．Semantic change means an old form which takes on a new ______ to meet the new need. （）A．form B．meaning C．look D．pronunciation 6．Reviving archaic words also contribute to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, in American English “fall” means ______ in British English.（） A．four B．fell C．for D．autumn 7．The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /s/after the following sounds EXCEPT ______. （）A．/t/ B．/g/ C．/p/ D．/k/ 英语词汇学试卷第 1 页共9 页
(精)执业中药师考试题库-中药药剂学：散剂(答案解析)
（精）执业中药师考试题库-中药药剂学：散剂（答案解析） 一、最佳选择题 1、散剂制备工艺流程中最重要的环节是 A.质量检查 B.粉碎 C.过筛 D.分剂量 E.混合 2、散剂按药物组成可分为 A.吹散与内服散 B.内服散和外用散 C.分剂量散与不分剂量散 D.单味药散剂与复方散剂 E.溶液散与煮散 3、除另有规定外，散剂的含水量不得超过 A.11.0% B.12.0% C.8.0% D.9.0% E.10.0% 4、某药师欲制备含有毒剧药物的散剂，但药物的剂量仅为
0.0005g，故应先制成 A.500倍散 B.1000倍散 C.10倍散 D.50倍散 E.100倍散 5、一般配置眼用散剂的药物需过 A.五号筛 B.六号筛 C.七号筛 D.八号筛 E.九号筛 6、100倍散是指 A.1g药物加入99g赋形剂 B.临床上用时稀释100倍后使用 C.药物的习惯名称 D.药物以100g为包装剂量 E.作用强度是同类药物的100倍 7、有关制备含低共熔物散剂叙述不正确的是 A.薄荷脑和樟脑的混合易形成低共熔物 B.可采用先形成低共熔物，再与其他固体粉混合 C.混和时可弃去形成的低共熔物
D.可分别以固体粉末稀释低共熔组分，再混和均匀 E.低共熔现象是指两种或两种以上药物混合时出现润湿或液化的现象 8、下列哪一项是散剂在混合操作中常用的方法 A.等量递增法 B.饱和乳钵 C.球磨机 D.套色 E.过筛法 9、中药散剂不具备以下哪个特点 A.制备简单，适于医院制剂 B.奏效较快 C.刺激性小 D.对创面有机械性保护作用 E.适于口腔科、外科给药 二、配伍选择题 1、A.无菌操作 B.制成倍散 C.制备低共熔组分 D.蒸发去除水分 E.套研 <1>、益元散制备时，朱砂与滑石粉应
纺院英语词汇学11
1. 将下列矛盾修饰语译成汉语 Old news 旧新闻 student teacher 实习教师 light heavyweight 轻重量级 Peace offensive 和平攻势 growing small 越变越小 negative growth 负增长 Half naked 半裸 open secret 公开的秘密 loose tights宽松的紧身裤 Tight slacks 紧身的宽松裤 awful good极好的 same difference同样的区别 Sight unseen 看不见的景象 darkness visible看得见的黑暗 2. Point out the rhetorical devices of the following sentences 1) A hundred bayonets were marching down the street.----metonymy借代 2) She borrowed his wheel for a spin out to town. ----synecdoche 提喻
3) Laziness travels so slowly that poverty soon overtakes him.---personification 拟人 4) The scent of the rose rang like a bell through the garden.----simile 明喻 5) Constant dropping wears the stone.----metaphor 隐喻 6) His voice sounded like a thunder in the hall.—simile明喻 7) When industry comes in at the window, poverty goes out of the door.----personification.拟人 8) We are creating a nation once again vibrant, robust and alive. But there are many mountains yet to climb. ----mataphor隐喻9) You can not change his mind any more than you can change the orbit of the moon. ----simile明喻 10) That fut coat would be beyond his miserable pocket. ----metonymy借代 11) There are hundreds of sails in the harbour. ----synecdoche提喻 12) He was such an auful teacher that whenever he recognized a spark of genius you could be sure he’d water it. ---metaphor隐喻 13) Sharp words may occasionally be spoken by unguarded or ignorant tongues.
(完整版)英语词汇学试题
英语词汇学试题 Introduction and Chapter 1 Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabula ry（练习1） I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. 1.Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through the use of _________construct. A. word B. form C. morpheme D. root 2.________ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words. A. Semantics B. Linguistics C. Etymology D. Stylistics 3.Modern English is derived from the language of early ______ tribes. A. Greek B. Roman C. Italian D. Germanic 4. Semantics is the study of meaning of different _________ levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc. A. linguistic B. grammatical C. arbitrary D. semantic 5.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular________ for special effects A. situation B. context C. time D. place 6.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a _______ difference. A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic 7. Terminology consists of _______ terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas. A. technical B. artistic C. different D. academic 8. __________refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades, and professions communicate among themselves. A. Slang B. Jargon C. Dialectal words D. Argot 9 ._________ belongs to the sub-standard language, a category that seems to stand between the standard general words including informal ones available to everyone and in-group words. A. Jargon B. Argot C. Dialectal words D. Slang 10. Argot generally refers to the jargon of _______.Its use is confined to the sub-cultural groups and outsiders can hardly understand it. A. workers B. criminals C. any person D. policeman 11.________ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question. A. Argot B. Slang C. Jargon D. Dialectal words 12. Archaisms are words or forms that were once in _________use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use. A. common B. little C. slight D. great 13. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on ______meanings. A. new B. old C. bad D. good 14. Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as_________ words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals. A. functional B. notional C. empty D. formal 15. Functional words do not have notions of their own. Therefore, they are also called _______words. Prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles belong to this category. A. content B. notional C. empty D. new