综合英语第二册答案

Unit 13 One of These Days

Part 1 Communicative Activities

Aims:

1. Learning about the background information of the Latin American writer Gabriel Garcia Marquez

2. Learning to talk about the personalities and personal sketches

3. Practicing using language through role-play and drama activities

1. Interactive listening and speaking

Learning suggestions:

1. Listen to the recording for several times until get enough details.

2. Complete Task A (Answers: 1-a 2-b 3-c 4-c 5-a 6-c )

3. Read Task B for personal sketches and listen to the recording again. Work with your friends discussing your notes and descriptions.

…

Notes:

1. Notes about the author: Gabriel Garcia Marquez is a well known Latin American novelist, short story writer, screen writer and journalist. His most famous novels are Hundred Years of Solitude (1967) (1982 Nobel prize laureate) and Love in the Time of Cholera (1985).

2. Notes about the country Colombia. Official Name: Republic of Colombia. It is the fourth-largest country in South America. (哥伦比亚). Don’t confuse it with Columbia as derived from Christopher Columbus who discovered Americas in the 15th century.)

Scripts:

Early life of Gabriel Garcia Marquez

Gabriel Garcia Marquez is a well known Latin American writer. He was awarded the 1982 Nobel Prize in literature for his famous novel Hundred Years of Solitude. Today we are going to talk about his early life, and show how this part of his life influenced his works.

Gabriel Garcia Marquez was born on March 6, 1928 in a town called Aracataca in Northern Colombia. At first, he was raised by his maternal grandparents as it was quite common at that time if one’s parents were poor and struggling. This part of life

had powerful influence on his later life as a writer. He put many of his interesting details of his life at this stage in the characters of his novels.

Let’s take a look inside his grandparent’s family. The most important relatives of Garcia Marquez were undoubtedly his grandfather and grandmother. His grandfather was a Colonel. He lived in Aracataca, a banana town by the Caribbean, a village which he helped found. The Colonel was something of a hero to the local people, for among other things, he advocated the rights for the ordinary people and their families, and fought hard against oppression and social injustice in the country. His grandfather was a very complex and interesting an, but also an excellent storyteller who had led quite an intriguing life. When he was young he shot and killed a man in du duel, and it is said that he had fathered over sixteen children. He would speak of his wartime bloody fighting as if it was “almost pleasant experiences, and a sort of youthful adventures with guns. The old Colonel taught the young Gabriel lessons from the dictionary, took him to the circus each year, and was the first one who introduced his grandson to ice --- a miracle to be found in the village store. He also told his young grandson that there was no greater burden than to have killed a man, a lesson that Garcia Marquez later put into the mouths of his characters.

His grandmother was also an outstanding woman, and was no less an influence on the young Garcia Marquez than her husband. She was impressively full of superstitions and folk beliefs. She filled the house with stories of ghosts and folk tales –all of which were studiously ignored by her husband, who once said to young Garbriel, “Don’t listen to that. Those are women’s beliefs” And yet listen he did, for his grandmother had a unique way of telling stories. No matter how fantastic or unbelievable her stories were, she always delivered them as if they were the truth. It was a deadpan style that, some thirty years later, her grandson adopted for his greatest novel Hundred Years of Solitude.

Garcia Marquez’s parents were more or less strangers to him for the first few years of his life, and the reason behind this is quite interesting. His mother was one of the two children born to the Colonel and his wife. She was a spirited girl but unfortunately fell in love with a man named Gabriel Eligio Garcia. “Unfortunately”, for Garcia was disliked by her parents. Among other things, Garcia had a reputation as a philanderer, the father of four illegitimate children. He was not exactly the man the Colonel had envisioned who should have won the heart of his daughter --- and yet he did, wooing her with violin serenades, love and poems, countless letters --- even telegraph messages. They tried all they could to get rid of the man, but he kept coming back, and it was obvious that their daughter was committed to him. Finally they surrendered to his romantic tenacity, and the Colonel gave her hand in marriage to the former medical student. In order to ease relations, the newlyweds settled in the Colonel’s old hometown. And this tragic-comic story was later adapted to his famous novel Love in the Time of Cholera.

Now I’m going to talk about his school life …

B Discussion

Answer for reference

People in Marquez’s early life Sketch

His grandfather A complex and intriguing

person, a Colonel, and political

activist who helped found the

town, fought hard for social

injustice, something of a hero to

the local people, had many

interesting wartime stories,

caring and loving for young

Marquez, biased against

women’s superstitious stories,

father over 16 children when he

was young…

His grandmother An outstanding woman, full of

superstitions and folk tales,

excellent in the skills of

story-telling, no matter how

fantastic or unbelievable, she

always delivered them as if they

were true, in a deadpan style, the

stories and styles later entered

her grandson’s famous novel

Hundred Years of Solitude

His mother a high spirited girl, who pursued

her true love in spite of her

parents’opposition, and finally

succeeded in her marriage.

His father A young philanderer though, had

true love for Marquez’s mother,

pursuing her in spite of her

parents’opposition, a clever

suitor, the love story later

entered Marquez’s novel Love in

the Time of Cholera

2. Role-play

Work with your friends. Read the two excerpts carefully and turn the first excerpt into a dialog and the second excerpt into a short play.

3. Learning phrases

Answers for reference

(1) maternal grandparents: grandparents on one’s mother side

Then who are one’s patriarchal parents? Grandparents on one’s father’s side

(2) illegitimate children: children born out of wedlock

(3) spirited girl: a girl who is lively and determine, full of encourage or energy

(4) win the heart of sb. be accepted and loved by sb.

(5) deliver the story in a deadpan style the story is told in a very serious manner as if something was true (actually it is not, such as a ghost story, or some superstitions)

(6) father over 16 children be a father for over 16 children

(7) envision him as someone to win the heart of their daughter imagined that the young man could be loved by their daughter

(8)surrender to his romantic tenacity(the parents) gave in to the young man’s tenacious pursuit of their daughter (when discovering that their daughter was committed to win)

(9) give her hand to sb (usually the father) allows her daughter to marry sb.

(10) sb has a reputation as a philanderer someone is known for frivolous love

3. Language points

Look up the following words and phrases in the dictionary.

illegitimate, envision, woo, serenade, surrender, tenacity, woo…with; commit to; win the heart of

Part 2 Reading and Language Activities Aims

(1) Learning to understand the development of plot in short story reading

(2) Learning to write plot analysis through reading,discussion, and writing practice.

(3) Learning to use the phrases, and interpret sentences, and description

1.Pre-reading tasks

(1) Please refer to https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0a6418275.html,/wiki/Gabriel_Garc%C3%ADa_M%C3%A1rquez.for information about the author Gabriel Garcia Marquez and his political attitudes. (2) Discuss the following questions with your friends:

How would you feel if a dentist pulls out a tooth from a patient without using anesthesia? And why does he want to do so?

2. Reading suggestions: Learning how to do active reading

There are times when you just cannot afford to skim through or scan through the text but need to get an in-depth understanding of the text that you read and hence you need

to make sure you're actively involved with the text while reading it. There are four important points that you need to keep in mind during active reading which are as follows:

Underlining / Highlighting: Identify the most important parts of the text according to your own understanding and highlight or underline them using a pencil or a marker while you are reading. You can even use different colors to highlight diverse aspects of the text.

Note Key-words: Jot down the headings as you read and detail using one or two keywords for each point.

Questions: Before you start reading prepare for your reading by writing down all the questions you want the material to answer. This helps you to read accordingly and ensures you get the answers to all your questions and don't get distracted while reading.

Summaries: After you've read one complete section of the text, summarize that portion in your own words. Later, go through the text again to check how accurate your summary is and modify / upgrade it in case you've left out any details.

3. Reading Comprehension

A. Discussion

Learning suggestions

Read the story, followed by discussion with your friends on the theme of the story. You may choose from the list of suggestions, but also may suggest their own points. Reasonable choices include: revenge, punishment, political corruption, power, and even the last two: medical malpractice, or dire conditions of dental services, could be possible interpretations. Find evidence from the text. There is no need to get a "standard answer"

Answers for reference

1)Open-ended answer, but here's some reference for guiding the discussion:

2)The mayor represents political corruption, murdering, and social oppression. So Escovar despised him, reluctant to serve him.

3)We may infer from the story that Escovar did it on purpose, out of malignity (rancor). He said quietly when he pulled the infected tooth out of the mayor's mouth, "Now you'll pay for our twenty dead men." However, the author described Escovar's operation "Without rancor, rather with a bitter tenderness...".

4)What he means is that he was an absolute power over the town.

B. Analysis

Read the text carefully and intensively. Based on the three guidelines in the table for discussion and work individually write an analysis in reply to the question “What does this change tell us?”

Answers for reference

Stages Power balance

Evidence

1 The major is more powerful than Escovar.

He said if Escovar did not serve him, he would shoot him. Escovar was

ready for a gun fight (be got his revolver ready), but he abandoned this

idea; maybe he realized that it was useless to have a gunfight now with the

mayor. He was powerless. He had to serve him.

2 The mayor is less powerful than Escovar.

The situation gradually changes as the mayor came in, greeting him "good

morning", to which Escovar responded coldly. When the mayor took the

dental seat, the situation was completely reversed. The mayor was put at

mercy of Escovar now. He inspected his infected tooth, and pulled it

without using anesthesia. The mayor suspected his intention, but he had no

reason for refuse him. So he had to suffer the pains of having his tooth

pulled out. The detailed description of his painful suffering reveals how

Escovar punished him, and took revenge on the enemy of the town who

owed blood debt of 20 citizens. He made use of his medical knowledge and

skills to reverse his previously powerless situation even though he was only

a dentist, without a degree.

3 The mayor resumes his power.

But when the operation was finished, the mayor reversed the situation now.

He was still polite at the beginning in his casual military solute, stretching

his legs toward the door, and asked Escovar to send him the bill. But

obviously he returned to his power at the end when h e said “it was the

same damn thing”, meaning that be was an absolute power in this town.

What does this change tell us?

The story illustrates how professional knowledge and skills can temporarily change the power relationship between a dictator and ordinary citizens. In this power struggle, the political power seems to be strong, but not absolute. One of these days, it will fall at the mercy of something more powerful.

4. Cloze

Answers for reference

(1) degree (2) refuses (3) shoot (4) infected

(5) deliberately (6) bill (7) powerful (8) supplied (9) reverses (10) extracted (11) torture (12) temporary

5. Translation of the text

总有那么一天

星期一清晨，温暖无雨。自学成才的牙医奥利里奥·艾斯科瓦惯于早起，六点钟就就把诊室的门开了。他从玻璃柜子里取出一些还上在石膏模子上的假牙，接着好像进行展览似地把一把器械按大小依次摆到桌上。他穿了一件没有领子的条纹衬衫，领口上别着一颗金色饰扣，裤子用吊带系着。他身材瘦挺，脸上的表情与环境格格不入，就像聋子看东西时常有的那种表情。

东西在桌上摆好之后，艾斯科瓦把牙钻朝治疗椅拉过来，坐下开始打磨那些假牙。他似乎并没有怎么多想手中的活计，只是不停地工作着，双脚踩着给牙钻打气，甚至不需要打气时也空踩着。

八点钟过后，他歇了一会儿，看了看窗外的天空，只见两只忧郁的兀鹰在邻居的房梁上晒太阳。他看完又开始干起来，心里思忖着，午饭前又要下雨啦。这时，十一岁儿子的尖叫声打断了他的沉思。

“爸爸。”

“什么事？”

“市长问你能不能给他拔颗牙。”

“就跟他说我不在。”

他正在磨试一颗金牙。举得远远地，眯缝着眼睛仔细看着。儿子又在狭小的候诊室里喊了起来。

“他说你在，他能听见你说话。”

牙医却只管继续察看着那颗金牙，完了把它放到桌上已经做完的那些假牙一起，方才开口道：

“他知道了更好。”

说着又开动牙钻钻了起来。他从存放待做东西的纸箱里拿出几片齿桥，开始打磨起金牙。

“爸爸。”

“怎么了？”

脸上的表情还和先前一样。

“他说要是不给他拔牙，就崩了你。”

他不慌不忙，极为平静地把牙钻停下，从椅边推开，一下拉开了桌子底层的

抽屉，里面有一把左轮手枪。“好啊，”他说道，“叫他来崩我吧。”

他把椅子推到了门的对面，一只手放在抽屉边上。市长出现在门口，左侧的脸刮过了，另一侧因为肿胀疼痛，已经五天没有刮胡子了。牙医从他那无精打采的眼神中看到了他多少个夜晚的疼痛难熬，于是用指尖推上了抽屉，轻声说道：“坐吧。”

“早上好，”市长问候道。

“早，”牙医说道。

器械在火上煮着，市长把脑袋靠在椅子的头靠上，感觉好了一点。他呼出的气冷冷的。这间诊室很简陋：一把旧木椅，一台脚踏式牙钻，一个装满陶瓷瓶子的玻璃柜子。椅子正对着一扇窗户，上面挂着一块齐肩高的布窗帘。感觉牙医走近时，市长脚跟绷紧，张开了嘴巴。

奥利里奥·艾斯科瓦把市长的头转向灯光。检查完发炎的那颗牙，他小心翼翼地用手指把市长的嘴合上了。

“可是不能用麻药，”他说道。

“为什么？”

“你那儿化脓了。”

市长直视着他的眼睛说，“好吧，”勉强笑一笑，牙医却没有反应。他端来了那个装着已消毒器械的盆子放到工作台上，用冷镊子把器械从水中夹出来，依旧不慌不忙。他用鞋尖往前踢了踢痰盂，然后去脸盆那儿洗手。做这一切的时候并没有看市长一眼，可是市长的眼睛却一刻也没有离开他。

发炎的是下面的一颗智齿。牙医叉开双脚站好，用烫热的镊子把那颗牙紧紧夹住。市长则紧紧地抓住了椅子的扶手，铆足劲紧蹬双脚，只觉得肾脏里一阵空冷，却忍住没有吱声。牙医只是手腕在动，没有憎恨，只是冷冷地轻声说道：“现在你替我们牺牲的二十个弟兄还债吧。”

市长感觉到下颚里骨头吱嘎被压碎，两眼已是泪水涟涟。但他一直屏着气，直到觉得牙拔出才开始呼吸。然后透过朦胧的泪眼他看到了那颗坏牙。那颗牙看起来似乎跟自己牙疼没有什么关系，这使他搞不清楚此前五个夜晚自己所遭受的折磨所为何来。

他一边俯身对着痰盂，汗水淋漓，气喘吁吁，一边解开了外衣的扣子，伸手

去裤兜里摸手绢。牙医递给他一块干净布。

“擦擦泪吧，”他说道。

市长擦了擦眼泪。牙医那边洗着手，市长这里浑身发抖，他看见了破损的天花板，看见了布满灰尘的蜘蛛网，上面粘着一些蜘蛛卵和死虫子。牙医走过来，边擦着手，说道：“上床睡一觉，要用盐水漱口。”市长起身告辞，漫不经心地行了个军礼，迈开双腿向门口走去，外衣的扣子也没有系上。

“把帐单寄过来，”他说道。

“寄给你还是寄给镇上？”

市长看都没看他一眼，关上门在屏风那边说道：

“还不都他妈是一回事儿。”-

6. Language Work

A. Notes

How to Write Personal Interpretation of Fiction Story/Essay

Your personal interpretation of a fiction story/essay should consist of traditional three parts: Introduction (Introductory Paragraph), Body, and Conclusion.

It is important to understand and keep in mind throughout the whole essay writing process that an interpretation does NOT judge the story, its author, or its characters based on personal ethics/morality. An interpretation focuses on the meaning of the story/essay and analyzes how that meaning is conveyed to the reader.

If, for example, you are to provide your interpretation of a fictional story that focuses on gender identity, you, as a writer, will be expected to present your own interpretation of gender (in this case, how you personally define masculinity/femininity) and you will expected to relate this definition of yours to how the story explores the gender issue. The purpose of your essay is therefore to offer your reader an insight into the characters and meaning (theme) of the story by relying on your own ideas as a lens through which to focus your analysis. Therefore, in the introductory paragraph you may even refer to existing societal, cultural, biological, religious, philosophical, or idealistic views of what it means to be a man or a woman and assert whether or not you find these notions relevant to a particular definition of masculinity or femininity.

In the body of your essay you will synthesize the discussion of your own definition with the one described in the story in a coherent and clear manner. It is important that

you use specific criteria in evaluating the story, supporting them with appropriate details and at least three direct quotes from the story itself.

Some more clues:

An interesting and informative title

An introductory paragraph that establishes the voice, clear focus, and a controlling idea (thesis) of your essay

Smooth organization (with a strong beginning, middle, and end), and lots of vivid details that support your analysis and make your paper come to life.

Effective grammar and varied sentence structure

Specific examples from your experience to support your claim

Specific examples from the story itself to support your interpretation

At least three direct quotes from the story

A conclusion that reiterates the meaning of the story and explains how effectively the story conveys that meaning to you

Correct in-text citation and incorporation of quotes in the citation style required (usu. MLA)

B. Exercises

Example

Monday dawned warm and rainless. Aurelio Escovar, a dentist without a degree, and a very early riser, opened his office at six. He took some false teeth, still mounted in their plaster mold, out of the glass case and put on the table a fistful of instruments which he arranged in size order, as if they were on display.

Sample writing

It was Monday, with warm and dry weather. Aurelio Escovar was a town dentist without much education. He wasn't a great dentist, just an ordinary person who scraped a living by a kind of dental practice "affordable" to the local people. He had to start work early. He opened his office at six (pretty early), working on the unfinished false teeth, still mounted on the plaster mould. He took out the tools from a glass case, and spread them out as if they were on display. It looked like that he was about to work. The mood was quiet, and a little monotonous, but peaceful.

Answers for reference

1) Rewriting:

The dentist was humbly dressed in plain clothes such as collarless shirt, tied a knot at the neck, pants held up in suspenders. He didn't look like a real professional, who acted effectively, and did things on purpose. But this dentist looked absent-minded, and didn't know clearly what he should do.

2) Rewriting:

He examined his work, and remarked that it was such a good job. He felt a little satisfied at the results.

3) Rewriting:

The mayor looked at the dentist suspiciously, "Should I trust him? I must watch him closely. "But what he said was "All right," and put up a forced smile. The dentist did not return the smile. While he was preparing for the operation, he was probably thinking, "This bastard. Now it's time for me to take revenge on him, but

I will do it slowly, and gently, and let him suffer as much as I can." But Escovar tried to cover his expression, and remained cool. He slowly brought the basin of sterilized instruments to the worktable and took them out of the water with a pair of cold tweezers, still without hurrying. He was not in a hurry. He knew that the quicker he worked, the sooner the mayor was released from suffering. At the bottom of his heart, he didn't want to reduce his pain, but as a dentist, his professional ethic ordered him to help the mayor. Anyway, he took time to get things done one by one, pushing the spittoon with the rip of his shoe, washing his hands in the washbasin. He tried to last as long as possible when doing all this, focusing on the single idea of revenge.

4) Rewriting:

The mayor felt a heart-broken pain crashing his bones in his jaw, his eyes blurred by tears of pains. He held breath with strength until he felt the tooth was gone, and saw it through his tears. Suddenly, he felt relieved, and didn't even know what kind of suffering the tooth had once given him. He knew no more suffering of the five previous nights at all now.

Word study

Answers

1) dawn on sb 2) from dawn till / to dusk 3) mark the dawn of ...era 4) since the dawn5) at dawn 6) at the crack of dawn

Part 3 Extended Activities

I. Listening

A. Passage dictation on the Student book

1. Practicing suggestions

Play the recording at normal speed for the first time, trying to get the gist of the passage. Play the recording at slow speed for twice and third time and try to write the passage out. Play the recording for the fourth time to check.

2. Scripts

One day, a lady and her husband, dressed in ordinary clothes, stepped timidly without an appointment into the pres ident of Harvard’s outer office. The secretary could tell in a moment that these two country people had no business at Harvard.

“We want to see the president,”the man said softly. “He’ll be busy al l day,” the secretary snapped. “We’ll wait,” the lady repl ied. For hours, the secretary ignored them, hoping that the couple would finally become discouraged and go away.

They didn’t. And the secretary grew frustrated and finally decided to disturb the president. “Maybe if they just see you for a few minutes, the y’ll leave,” she told him.

The president finally met the couple. The lady told him, “We had a son that attended Harvard for one year. He loved Harvard. He was happy here. But about a year ago, he was accidentally killed. And my husband and I would like to erect a memorial to him, somewhere on campus.”

The president wasn’t touched. “Madam,” he said. “We can’t put up a statue for every person who attended Harvard and died. If we did, this place would look like a cemetery”. “Oh, no,” the lady explained quickly, “We don’t wa nt to erect a statue. We thought we would like to give a building to Harvard,”

The president rolled his eyes. He glanced at the old couple, and then exclaimed, “A building! Do you have any idea how much a building costs? The buildings cost s even and a half million dollars at Harvard.” For a moment the lady was silent. The president was pleased. He could get rid of them now. And the lady turned to her husband and said quietly, “Is that all it costs to start a university? Why don’t we jus t star t our own?” Her husband nodded. The president was completely confused, and did not know what to say. And Mr. and Mrs. Leland Stanford walked away, traveling to California where they established a university that bears their name, a memorial to a son that Harvard no longer cared about. It is now called Stanford University.

B. Passage Dictation （p. 206 in Workbook ）

1.Practicing suggestions

Listen and try to write as much as you can. You may play the recording several times.

2. Keys

Tom sat outside the doctor's office waiting for his turn. He had been there nearly 45 minutes, and he was beginning to get impatient. Besides, his leg hurt. He tried to think about something else, but the pain was very intense, and it was hard to concentrate. He looked at the other patients for a while. There were two old men, a small girl and her mother, and three young mothers holding babies. He tried to read a magazine, but his leg began to ache, and he stopped reading. He wanted to yell. Suddenly, the nurse called his name and said: “The doctor will see you now.”

II. Reading

Read More on p. 194 in Student Book

1.Practicing suggestions

Read the passage several times carefully with the help of dictionary.

Think about the following questions:

What is the difference between shopping for one and shopping for a family?

Have you noticed them at the checking out counter in a supermarket?

Have you also heard snaps of conversation there too?

Keys to Reading comprehension on P. 197 on student book.

1. C

2. B

3. A

4. B

5. B

6. B

7. A 8. D

2.Grammar work

Notes:

There are four major kinds of multi-word combinations that comprise relatively idiomatic units and function like single verbs:

(1) v + adv: phrasal verbs, e.g. come on, get up, sit down, stand up, put on, make up, take on, pick up, carry out, go off, etc.

(2) v + prep: prepositional verbs, e.g. look at, think about, talk to, wait for, depend on, listen to, arrive at, work with, laugh at, come into, deal with, learn from, belong to, happen to, account for, different from, refer to, consist of, etc.

(3) v + particle + prep: phrasal-pre positional verbs, e.g. get away with, look down upon, look forward to, look out for, put up with, hand over to, come up with, get on with, turn away from, catch up with, etc.

(4) other multi-word verb constructions, notably: v + n (e.g. take a look); v + prep (e.g. take into account); v + v (e.g. make do)

Answers:

1. Look out for the traffic sign. ----- Which traffic sign do I have to look out for?

2. I've borrowed some money. ----- Who did you borrow it from?

3. There are two film stars at a table behind you. ----- Which table are they sitting at?

4. There is a big box to pack all the clothes in.

5. Have you got a pen to sign these papers with?

6. Is there a room to hang our coats in?

7. I prefer my new school to the one I went to before.

8. What's this? ----- A small gift for you to remember us by.

9. Turn on the radio, will you? ----- Which program do you want to listen to?

10. They are the people we should learn from, aren’t t hey?

Reading Passages on P. 211-217

Keys

Passage 1: 1.A 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.D

Passage 2: 1.D 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.A

Passage 3: 1.D 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.D

III. Speaking

Task 1:

Give a short introduction about an author you know to your friends.

Task 2:

Share a story book with your friends. Try to tell the main idea clearly and answer the questions they might ask.

III. Writing

Write literary analysis of a short story you’ve read before.

IV. Use of English

Finish all the language work on Student Book and The First Part of Workbook.

V. Cultural information

1. Try to get some information about the geography of Latin Americas. You may discuss with your friends about what you know about Christopher Columbus.

2. Read the cultural information and think about the significance of the discovery.

3. Discuss the similar ocean expeditions in China: Zheng He and his seven naval expeditions during the Ming Dynasty.

4. Read the website information and write a synopsis in about 200 words.

Part 4 Reflection

What did you get from this unit? Are there any questions? Please write a reflective

report about what you have learned from the unit and anything you feel difficult or not certain about.

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