高教版公共英语3级精讲班讲义7

公共英语3级精讲班第7讲讲义

Dialogue

Dialogue 1

Zhang, a Chinese visiting scholar, is talking about a new dining trend in the United States with Susan, an American psychologist.

Cooking at the table side has always been part of traditional cooking, and is coming back in the new society.

1. out-dated style 过时的样式

2. I don’t quite get it. 我不太理解。

我不太理解。

get 理解

I don’t get your meaning,

I didn’t quite get what you said.

3. Slicing, saucing, boning, dicing

切片，添加调料，剔骨，切丁

4. You’re being sarcastic, aren’t you? 你是在讽刺，是吗？

be doing + adj 某一段时间处于某种状态

be + adj 一直处于某种状态

You are being slow.

You are slow. She is being clever.

She is clever.

Dialogue 2

Janet is buying some food at a shop.

Background knowledge:

Virginia Ham 弗吉尼亚火腿

Boiled ham 熟的火腿

Domestic Swiss cheese国产瑞士奶酪

Imported Swiss 进口瑞士奶酪

Language points

1. I think I ’ll stick with the domestic. 我想我还是买国产的。

stick with sb/sth 继续支持某人/物

I’m sticking with my original idea.

Stick with me and you’ll be all right.

3. How much do I owe you? 我需要给你多少钱？

owe：

1) 欠某人/某事的债

He owes his father 50 yuan.

2) 将某人/某事的原因归功与---

He owes his success more to luck than to ability.

3) 感恩，感激

I owe my teachers and parents a great deal.

I owe a lot to my wife and child.

Dialogue 3

Tom and Sally are talking about a recent study of salt intake. Background knowledge:

1. high blood pressure高血压, hear t attack心脏病, stroke中风, kidney disease肾

病, stomach cancer胃癌,

2. Cold cuts(冷吃的)肉片, dressing食物调料（尤指拌制色拉的油和醋的混合物）, canned soups 罐装汤Language Points:

1. IOM: Institute of Medicine 医学院

2. It says that because of processed foods, most of us eat double the upper limit of salt.

据说，因为我们食用加工过的食品，我们中的大多数摄入的盐的含量是限制盐的含量的一

倍。 processed food 加工过的食品

3. These days we can’t be cautious with what we eat.

现在我们不可能对我们吃的东西过分仔细。

be cautious with sth

Be cautious with what you have done.

4. At least we can cut back on foods like cold cuts, dressings and canned soups.

最少我们可以少吃冷冻肉，沙拉调料和灌装汤类的食物。

cut back (on) 大量消减某物

If we don’t sell more goods, we’ll have to cut back (on) production.

Dialogue 4

Sam and Li Ming are talking about how to make an apple pie. Background knowledge: The ingredient s for the crust:

Flour面粉, sugar糖, baking power发酵粉, salt盐, pepper胡椒, ice water冰水, butter and cheddar 黄油和奶酪

The ingredient for the filling:

Peeled and thinly sliced apples削皮并削成薄片的苹果, sugar塘, flour面

粉, lemon juice and some flavoring 柠檬汁和一些调味料

Language points:

1. My favorite is apple pie with cheddar crust.

我最喜欢的是带有硬奶酪壳的苹果馅饼。

2. Combine the first five ingredients. Cut in butter. When the mixture resembles coarse meal, pu t in cheese and water. Stir the mixture until it leaves sides of the bowls. Shape it into a flat disk and wrap in plastic. Chill it for an hour. Then it’s time to make the filling.

把前五种成分混合，在里面放入黄油。当混合物表面变得粗糙时，在里面放入奶酪和水。搅动混合物直到它离开碗底。把它放在平底盘中包上塑料膜冷却一个小时。然后在做馅。

3. Mix all the ingredients in a glass pie plate. On a floured surface, roll the crust mixture in to a round shape. Cover the apples with the round crust mixture. Back for 20 minutes on a baking sheet preheated to 450°.Then reduce heat to 350° and bake 20 minutes more.

把所有的混合物放在玻璃盘里。在盘表面放上面粉，然后把混合物做成圆形。用圆型混合物覆盖苹果。在温度为450度的烤箱里烘烤20分钟，然后把温度降到350再烘烤20分钟。

4. Easier said than done 说着容易，做着难。

Passage:

1. The air is filled with vital fragrances for the fruits and vegetables piled high in the greengrocers’

creative layouts.

空气里充满着被蔬菜水果商有创意的高高堆起的水果和蔬菜的香味。

be filled with 充满着

piled high 高高的堆起的（过去分词短语做后置定语，表完成表被动）

2. Nothing has stood for France’s sense of exceptionalism more famous than its cooking. 没有什么能象厨艺那样代表法国的独特性了。

stand for 代表

3. Believe it or not, one restaurant associated with a famous Paris chef serves steak with a sau ce

that’s indistinguishable from the stuff on a big Mac.

信不信由你，与法国著名厨师相关的饭店所提供的带汁牛排与巨五霸的牛排没有多大的区别。

believe it or not 信不信由你

be associated with 与---相关的，将---联系起来

Whiskey is usually associated with Scoltland.

be indistinguishable form 与---不同

The coast is indistinguishable in the mist.在雾中很难辨认出海岸。

4. They have got struck in the red tape for which France is infamous — not to mention regulati ons

form Brussels that affect everything from sales taxes to the bacteria in the Brie cheese.

他们已经陷入法国所不擅长的繁文缛节中。从布鲁塞尔那儿传来的那些规则从营业税到布里奶酪中的细菌事件就更不要提了。

get struck in the red tape 陷入繁文缛节中 Brussels 布鲁塞尔（比利时首都）欧盟总部所在的

not to mention

5. France’s problem isn’t the lack of creativity, but rather an unfavorable political environm ent for creativity.

法国的问题不是缺乏创造性，而是政府环境不适合人们发挥创造力。

Exercises

Exercises:

Passage 1

1.第一段第四句“Businessmen come here to prove their wealth”。最后一句“By spending lots of money on game, they can close the deal with business partners who are impressed with their expen sive tastes”。

2. 第一段倒数第二句“when local authorities declared all such fare illegal”。

3. whole passage

4. 第三段第三句“With the cities fortunes on the risen eating endangered animals has become yet another way to show -off the wealth”。

5. 最后一段第三句

“In May, the director of the Center for Disease Control in the eastern province of

Jiangsu was quoted in the local paper as advising citizens to eat plenty of snakes for preventio n of SARS.”。

Passage 2

6. 第一段第一句

“In a bid to get the best and freshest fruits and vegetables on their tables.”。 7. 第一段最后一句“were the forerunners of the restaurtateur-farmer trend, inspiring others to

follow suit.”。

8. 第二段最后一句

“which is named for legendary gardener Alan Chadwick, the man who is credited with bringing bio dynamic organic gardening to the U.S.”。

9. 最后一段第四句“But in Maine they found their choices limited and decided to grow their greens.”。

10. from the passage

主谓一致

主谓一致

主谓一致是指：

1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。

2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。

3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，

一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。

There is much water in the thermos.

但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。

Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.

1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数

Reading and writing are very important.

注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。

The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.

典型例题

The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.

A. is

B. was

C. are

D. were

答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C.。本题易误选D，因为

The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别， monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。

2 主谓一致中的靠近原则

1）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。

There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk..

There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.

2）当either… or…与neither… nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是

由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。

Either you or she is to go.

Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.

3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致

当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。

The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.

He as well as I wants to go boating.

4 谓语需用单数

1）代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。

Each of us has a tape-recorder.

There is something wrong with my watch.

2）当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。

The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.

<<天方夜谭>>是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。

3）表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。(用复数也可，意思不变。)

Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.

Ten yuan is enough.

5 指代意义决定谓语的单复数

1）在代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。

All is right. (一切顺利。)

All are present. (所有人都到齐了。)

2）集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如

family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时，意为这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时表示该个集体。

His family isn't very large. 他家不是一个大家庭。

His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者。

但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。

Are there any police around?

3）有些名词，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。

A number of +名词复数+复数动词。

The number of +名词复数+单数动词。

A number of books have lent out.

The majority of the students like English.

6 与后接名词或代词保持一致

1）用half of, part of, most of, a portion of 等词引起主语时，动词通常与of后面的名词，代词保持一致。

Most of his money is spent on books.

Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.

2）在一些短语，如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of 作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。

Many a person has read the novel. 许多人都读过这本书。

More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生都来自这个城市。

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