主语从句详解及练习-附答案
语法要点剖析
一、名词性从句
主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连接词：that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分）
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.
连接副词：when, where, how, why
1. 主语从句
作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if
和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副
词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如：
What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。
It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名
作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.
英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。
有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：
（1）It + be + 名词+ that从句（2）It + be + 形容词+ that从句
（3）It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句（4）It + 不及物动词+ that 从句
另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”，常用的句型有：
It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that …
It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that…
It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…
2. 宾语从句
名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句
由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去
上海。
We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing.
我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。
注意：在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, demand, request, command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“（should）+ 动词原形”。例如：
I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。
The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令员命令部队马上出发。
2. 用who，whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever, whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。
例如：I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。
She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。
She will give whoever needs help a warm support. 凡需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的支持。
3. 用whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用if：
a. 引导主语从句并在句首时；
b. 引导表语从句时；c . 引导从句作介词宾语时；
d. 从句后有“or not”时；
e. 后接动词不定式时。
例如：Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.
月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。
Everything depends on whether we have enough money. 一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
4. 注意宾语从句中的时态呼应，当主句动词是现在时，从句根据自身的句子情况，而使用不同时态。
例如：he studies English every day. （从句用一般现在时）
he studied English last term. （从句用一般过去时）
I know (that) he will study English next year. （从句用一般将来时）
he has studied English since 1998. （从句用现在完成时）
当主句动词是过去时态（could, would除外），从句则要用相应的过去时态，如一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时等；当从句表示的是客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，则从句仍用现在时态。
例如：The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America．
5. think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。
例如：We don’t think you are here. 我们认为你不在这。
I don’t believe he will do so. 我相信他不会这样做。
3. 表语从句
在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语+ 系动词+ that从句。例如：
The fact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。
That is why he didn’t come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。
It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。
需要注意的，当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。例如：
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning 选择：
1. “Is Mary from New York City” “I don't know _______.”
A. from what city does she come from
B. from what city she come
C. what city does she come from
D. what city she comes from
2. ________ makes mistakes must correct them.
A. What
B. That
C. Whoever
D. Whatever
3. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was ________ a new job.
A. because I got
B. because of getting
C. I got
D. that I got
4. It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.
A. while
B. that
C. if
D. for
5. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why ________.
A. did he do that
B. he did that
C. he did
D. he has done so
6. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know ________.
A. how he is getting along
B. how is he getting along
C. what he is getting along
D. what is he getting along
7. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.
A. however
B. whatever
C. whichever
D. whenever
8. He asked me ________ with me.
A. what is the trouble
B. what wrong was
C. what was the matter
D. what trouble it is
9. I am sure ________ he said is true.
A. that
B. about that
C. of that
D. that what
10. I wonder how much ________.
A. does the watch cost
B. did the watch cost
C. the watch costed
D. the watch costs
11. Mary is ________ someone might recognize her.
A. afraid of
B. afraid about
C. afraid that
D. afraid for
12. I don't doubt ________ he'll come.
A. that
B. if
C. what
D. whether
13. —“Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. Wang”
—“Well, I forget _______ I was supposed to go to.”
A. which the room
B. which room
C. what was the room
D. what room was it
14. ______ surprised me most was ______ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.
A. That…what
B. What…that
C. That…which
D. What…which
15. ________ we go swimming every day ________ us a lot of good.
A. If…do
B. That…d o
C. If…does
D. That…does
16. One of the men held the view ________ the book said was right.
A. what that
B. that what
C. that which
D. which that
17. I have no idea ________ or not he has finished the work.
A. if
B. that
C. whether
D. which
18. —“Do you know ________”
—“His father is a doctor.”
A. what is his father
B. who is his father
C. what his father is
D. who his father is
19. They discussed ________ they could settle the problem without others' help.
A. if
B. that
C. what
D. whether
20. She asked ________.
A. what I was doing when she rang me up
B. what was I doing when she rang me up
C. when she rang me up what I was doing
D. when did she ring me up what I was doing
21. It's uncertain ________ the experiment is worth doing.
A. if
B. that
C. whether
D. how
22. They would have fixed the telephone yesterday _________ it was a holiday.
A. except
B. except for
C. except that
D. but for
23. ________ the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.
A. That
B. What
C. How
D. Which
24. ____ we can't get seems better than ____ we have.
A. What, what
B. What, that
C. That, that
D. That, what
25. ____ you don't like him is none of my business.
A. What
B. Who
C. That
D. Whether
26. ____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A. If
B. Whether
C. That
D. Where
27. ________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.
A. What … that
B. That … what
C. Why … that
D. If … what
28. _________is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.
A. That
B. Why
C. How
D. Who
29. _______ we'll finish translating the book depends on the time.
A. When
B. Why
C. What
D. That
30. _______ the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.
A. If
B. Where
C. That
D. What
31. _______ he won't go there is clear to all of us.
A. How
B. What
C. Why
D. This
32. _______ you come or not is up to you.
A. What
B. If
C. Why
D. Whether
33. _______ makes mistakes must correct them.
A. Who
B. Anyone
C. Whoever
D. Anybody
34. _______ team will win the match is a matter of public concern.
A. Which
B. That
C. If
D. How
35. The problem is ________will go to the meeting.
A. why
B. when
C. what
D. who
36. that is _______ he likes the place so much.
A. that
B. what
C. why
D. how
37. that is ______ Lu Xun once lived.
A. what
B. where
C. that
D. why
38. What I'm considering now _________ the money we need.
A. is
B. are
C. were
D. was
39. Can you tell me __________
A. who is that gentleman
B. that gentleman is who
C. who that gentleman is
D. whom is that gentleman
40. We should think carefully about ________ Mr. Needham said at the meeting.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. X
41. Can you point out ________ two radios are the best
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. whether
42. ________ you have seen things like these before doesn't matter.
A. If
B. Whether
C. What
D. When
43. I asked her in English ________ she was, and she told me ________ she was an actress.
A. who…that
B. who…X
C. what…X
D. how…that
44. Do you know ________
A. what is this used for
B. what this is used for
C. which this is used
D. that this is used for
45. ________ surprised me most was ________.
A. That…t hat she spoke Japanese so well
B. What…how could she speak Japanese so well
C. What…that she spoke Japanese so well
D. That…why she could speak Japanese so well
46. ________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.
A. That…that you had expected
B. What …that you had expected
C. That…what you had expected
D. What…what you had expected DCDBBABCDDCABBDBCCDACCAACBADABCDCADCBACBABCBCD
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高考英语主语从句 定义：用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。引导主语从句的连接词有： 从属连词: that, whether； 连接代词: who (whoever), whom, whose, what (whatever)和which (whichever)； 连接副词: when, where, how和why。 连接词： 1. 从属连词：that，whether 1）that引导主语从句只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身无实际意义，但不能省略。2）whether意为“是否”，放在句首句末皆可。由whether引导的名词从句做主语，表语，介词宾语，同位语时！不可用if代替。 a.That price will go up is certain. b. Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 2. 连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever (Who, whom, which, what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序，既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。 Which side will win is not clear. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. Whatever he did is right. Who killed the scientist remains a question. 1）What和that引导的主语从句的区别：that 只起引导作用，不充当任何成分，没有意思。What 不仅起引导作用，还要充当一定成分(主语、宾语或表语)，意思是：“什么”。 What we need is money. That he will come is certain. 2）whatever / whoever的用法（~ever=no matter ~---让步状语从句中） whatever / whoever可以引导主语从句,并在句中作主语、宾语、表语等,不含疑问意义。whatever相当于anything that; whoever 相当于anyone who。例如: Whoever(Anyone who) wants to enter into this school must take the exam. Whatever(Anything that) she did was right. 3. 连接副词when，where，how，why等。既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。How this happened is not clear to anyone. When he will be back depends on the weather. When we’ll start tomorrow will be told soon. Where the test will be given is not yet decided. 4. 主语从句后置：为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it 作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. 例: That we shall be late is certain. -- It’s certain that we shall be late. 1）用it 作形式主语的结构 A. It + be + 形容词+ that 从句 (obvious, true, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.) 如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam. B. It + be + 名词词组+ that 从句(an honour, a fact, a pity, etc）如： It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是… It is a fact that… …是事实It is common knowledge that… …是常识 It’s a pity that we can’t go. C. It + be + 过去分词+ that 从句(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, etc。）如：It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. D. It + 不及物动词或短语+ that 从句( seem，happen, doesn’t matter ,turn out）。如： It happened that I was out that day. It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 2) 对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句,可以使用形式主语代主语从句,也可直接在句首使用主语从
高考英语复习主语从句、表语从句练习题
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主语从句练习及答案
1. _____ as much as one-fifth of all timber harvested is not used. A. The estimate B. The estimate C. They are estimated D. It is estimated that 2. _____ was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality. A. That B. Which C. Who D. What 3. _____ we have achieved is attributed to the guidance of our parents. A. Whoever B. Whatever C. However D. That 4. _____ you say now can’t make up for what you’ve done. A. No matter B. Whatever C. However D. That 5. Although _____ happened in this developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world. A. which B. what C. how D. it 6. _____ she had forgotten to take her notebook. A. That occurred to her B. She occurred that C. To her that occurred D. It occurred to her that 7. I am sure that _____ she said is wrong. A. which B. all C. this D. what 8. We lost our way in the forest, and _____ made matters worse was that it was getting dark. A. that B. which C. it D. what 9. _____ occurred to him that he had forgotten to lock the door when he left home. A. This B. It C. That D. These 10. _____ or not is still uncertain. A. He’s coming B. If he is coming C. That coming D. Whether he’s coming 11. It’s _____ he’ll be able to come. A. doubt whether B. doubtful C. doubt it D. doubtful whether 12. It is _____ that the bridge has existed for more than three centuries . A. appeared B. risen C. said D. born 13. _____ he saw both surprised and frightened him. A. That B. When C. What D. Which 14. _____ is a spell of warm sunshine. A. What do we all need. B. What all we need C. What we need D. What we all need 15. _____ is a pity that he failed in the race. A. What B. That C. He D. It 16. _____ a spoonful of soil can tell us so much about the structure and early history of the moon. A. Remarkable B. Quite remarkably C. It is remarkable that D. It is remarkable 17. _____ you nominate will be elected. A. Who B. Which C. Whomever D. That’s 18. _____ book you borrow must be returned within a week.
主语从句和形容词加介词的用法
It + be + adj.+ that... 主语从句中常见的一种形式，即以引导词that引出的主语从句，常以形式主语it 代替。主语从句的时态不受主句的时态影响和限制，根据句子意思用适当的时态。结构：It is+adj.+that从句。常用于这个句型的形容词有：necessary, important, clear, strange, true, good, wonderful, possible, unusual, certain, surprising; interesting等。 根据汉语意思完成句子。 1．他可能已经把一切都告诉她了。 ____ is possible that he ____ ____ her everything. 2．海怪突然出现了很奇怪。 It ____ _____ that sea monsters suddenly ___________. 3．毫无疑问她将会在测验中做得很好。 It is certain _____ she ____ ____ well in her exam. 用适当的形容词填空 1. Miss Li often says that it is ________ to learn a foreign language well. 2. Look at the black clouds in the sky. It is ________ to rain soon. 3. It is ________ that Sunday is the first day of the week. 4. Isn’t it ________ that chickens can swim? 5. Is it ________ the lazy boy can catch up with all his classmates? 很多形容词可以与介词连用。我们已学过很多这样的搭配，现在一起来复习一下。形容词与某个特定的介词连用，表示某个特定的意思。 ①与about连接的形容词：be worried about“担心……”；be excited about“对……感到兴奋”；be careful about“小心、谨慎”；be mad about“狂热地迷恋”；be anxious about “为……感到焦虑”；feel nervous about/ at“对……感到心神不安”。 ②与at连接的形容词：be shocked at“对……感到震惊”；be good at“擅长……”；be bad at“在某方面不好或坏”；be angry at/ about sth“对……生气”；be mad at sb“对……发怒”；be surprised at“对……感到惊讶”。 ③与as连接的形容词：be famous/ known as“作为……而著名”；be known as “被叫作……”。 ④与for 连接的形容词：be good for“对……有好处”；be bad for“对……有害”；be afraid for“为……而担心”；be famous / known for sth“因……而著名”；be mad for “渴望”；be happy for“为……感到高兴”；be responsible for“负责，有责任”；be free for“对……免费”；be available for“有空的”；be thankful for“感谢，感激……”；be ready for“为……做准备”。 ⑤与from 连接的形容词：be different from“与……不同”。 ⑥与of 连接的形容词：be short of“缺乏……”；be afraid of“害怕……”；be unaware of “没意识到……，不知道……”；be tired of“厌倦，厌烦……”；be proud of“为……感到自豪”；be full of“充满……的”。 ⑦与on 连接的形容词：be based on“基于，根据”；be keen on“喜爱”；be dependent on “依靠”。
(完整版)Grammar主语从句专项练习(含答案解析)
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主语从句可以按其引导词的不同分为三类：
主语从句可以按其引导词的不同分为三类： 第一类,用从属连词that引导的主语从句,例如：That we shall be late is certain. That the driver could not control his car was obvious. 这种结构主要是对that从句的内容进行强调,属正式文体,连词that不可以省略；但是在一般情况下,往往使用先行it结构,即用it作形式主语,而把that从句放到后面,这时,在口语中,连词that 有时则可以省略.所以上述两句可以改为： It is certain that we shall be late. It was obvious that the driver could not control his car. 如果整个句子是疑问形式,就只能用先行it结构,例如： Is it true that he would take the risk?
Is it possible that they will come tomorrow? 常使用先行it结构,用that从句作主语的句子有下列几个句型： 1、It + be + 形容词+ that从句： It is clear that he was telling the truth. It’s probable that we’ll be a little late. 2、It + be + 名词词组+ that从句： It’s a pity that you can’t go with us. 3、It + 及物动词+ 宾语+ that从句： It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey. It shocked me that Peter didn’t tell anybody where he was. 4、It + be + 过去分词+ that从句： It is said that he has been there many times. 5、It + seem/happen/appear等不及物动词+
英语主语从句
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