江西理工大学数学专业英语考试重点2

一、数学符号翻译

12/156 twelve over one hundred and fifty-six

234/567 two hundred and thirty -four over five hundred and sixty-seven 4% four percent

7‰ seven permill

6.79 six point seven nine 52.3 three point two five recurring

85x

the eighth root of x to the fifth power 53

x x to the minus three fifths

dx x f b

a )( f is integrable on [a,b]

32)(dx x f f is integrable on [2,3]

x f the partial (derivative) of f with respect to x y

f the partial (derivative) of f with respect to y 5lo

g 3 the logarithm of five to the base three

x a log the logarithm of x to the base a

B A A cap B / A meet B / A intersection B

B A A cup B / A join B / A union B

A a a is an element of A

B b b is an element of B

二、名词翻译

function theory 函数论 schematic representation 图解表示 geometry 几何学 trigonometry 三角学

consequence 推论 proposition 命题

theorem 定理 pyramid 棱锥

cone 圆锥 abscissa 横坐标

ordinate 纵坐标 coordinate system 坐标系 coordinate axis 坐标轴 polygonal region 多边形区域 tangent 切线 slope 斜率

complex-valued sequence 复值序列 convergence 收敛

real valued sequence 实值序列 divergence 发散

rational number 有理数 irrational number 无理数 odd number 奇数 even number 偶数

prime 质数、素数 composite 合数

plane 平面 surface 曲面

broken line 折线 Venn diagram 文氏图

universal set 全集 the underlying set 基础集 proper subset 真子集 quadratic equation 二次方程 the absolute-value function 绝对值函数

parabolic segment 抛物弓形

三、中译英

（1）17世纪之前，人类局限于初等数学，即几何，三角学和代数，那时只考虑常数。

Before 17th century, man confined himself to the elementary mathematics, i.e., geometry, trigonometry and algebra, in

which only the constants were considered.

（2）两个整数的和、差或积是一个整数，但是两个整数的商未必是一个整数。

The sum, difference, or product of two integers is an integ er, but the quotient of two integers need not be an integer.

（3）设X是线性空间V中k个元素组成的一个线性无关集合，L(X)是由X张成的子空间。那么，L(X)的每一个元素都可以表示成X的元素的线性组合。

Let X be an independent set consisting of k elements in a linear space V and let L(X）be the subspace spanned by X, then each element of L(X) can be expressed as a linear combination of element of X.

（4）若P(A)>P(B)，则称事件A比事件B有更大的可能性；如果P(A) P(B),则称事件A至少和事件B的可能性一样大。

The event A is called more likely than B if P(A)>P(B), and at least as likely as B if P(A) P(B).

（5）微分方程的研究直接受到力学、天文学和数学物理的推动。

The study of differential equations has been directly inspired by mechanics, astronomy, and mathematical physics.

（6）由定义导数的过程所提供的几何解释以一种自然的方式导出了关于曲线的切线的思想。

The procedure used to define the derivative has a geometric interpretation which leads in a natural way to the idea of a tangent line to a curve. （7）一个复值序列收敛当且仅当它的实部和虚部分别收敛。

A complex-valued sequence converges if and only if both the real part and the imaginary part converge separately.

（8）几何主要不是研究数，而是形，例如三角形，平行四边形和圆，虽然它也与数有关。

Geometry mainly studies not numbers but figures such as triangles, parallelograms and circles, though it is related with numbers.

四、英译汉

1、Two events are said to be mutually exclusive when both cannot happen at the same time.If E denotes an event,then the event that E does not happen is called the complementary event of E,and is denoted by E .Obviously,E and E are mutually exclusive.Since an event either happens or does not happen,the sum of their probabilities is 1.

两个事件若它们不能在同一时间都发生时我们称这两个事件是互斥的。如果E 表示一个事件，然后 E 不会发生的事件称为 E的补充性事件，并由表示E 。很明显，E 和E 是互斥的。因为对于事件发生或不发生，其概率的总和是 1。

2、Thus p q is true if both p and q are true or if both p and q are

false.The following are English-language equivalents to p q : “ p if and only if q ”,”p is a necessary and sufficient condition for q.”and “p precisely if q.”It is worth emphasizing that the compound proposition p q and its converse q p are quire different;they have different truth tables.

因此 p q 是真的，在 p 和 q 同时为真或 同时为假时成立。以下是英语语言描述，等同于p q : "p 当且仅当 q"，"p 是 q 的必要和充分条件"和"p 准确如果 q."值得强调的是复合命题 p q 和它的逆命题 q p 是不同的，他们有不同的真值表。

3、We now introduce a natural generalization of partial derivatives.In the definition of ),(001y x f ,the numerator of the difference quotient used involves the value of ),(y x f at two points ),x (00y x and ),(00y x .As x approaches zero,the first point approaches the latter along the line y=0y .For ),(002y x f a point ),(00y y x approaches ),(00y x along the line x=0x .We now replace these two special lines by an arbitrary line through ),(00y x .

我们现在介绍的偏导数的自然推广。由),(001y x f 中的定义，所使用的差商的分子涉及),(y x f 在),x (00y x 和),(00y x 两个点的值。当x 接近零，第一点沿直线y =0y 接近后者。对于),(002y x f 点),(00y y x 沿直线x =0x 趋向),(00y x 。 现在我们通过一个任意经过点),(00y x 的线来更换这两个特殊的线。

4、The whole numbers have many important subsets.A whole number is said to be even if it is divisible by 2;2,6 and 18 are example of even numbers.A whole number is said to be odd if it is not divisible by 2;1,7and 13 are examples of odd numbers.The natural numbers greater than 1 and called prime or composite.A number is prime if it is divisible only by 1 and itself.A number is composite if it is divisible by a natural number other than 1 and itself.

整数集有很多重要子集。当一个整数可以被2 整除时,我们通常称它为偶数，例如 2，6 和 18 是偶数。当一个整数不能被2 整除时,我们通常称它为奇数，例如 1，7和 13是奇数。对于那些大于1的自然数 ，可以相应称为素数和合数。数A 是质数，如果它是只能被 1 和自身整除。数A 是合数，如果它能够能被 1 和本身以外的自然数整除。

5、Some-where in the process of solving a firstorder differential equation ,an intrgration is required to remove the derivative y and in this step an arbitrary constant C appears.

在解一阶微分方程的过程中，为了消去导数y ，需要在某一步进行积分，这时候就出现了一个任何常数。

6、A matrix with the same number of rows and columns is called a sqare matrix.And an n th-order square matrix,which is denoted by n n A ,consists of 2n numbers with n rows and n columns.For any matrix with real numbers entries,there is asssociated a unique number called

determinant ,designated by A .Also, is said to be a determinant of order

n.

具有相同数量的行和列的矩阵称为一个方阵。对于一个N 阶方阵

A ，它是由

n

n

包括 n 行和 n 列的共计2n数字组成的。对于任何实数矩阵都有与之相关的一个唯一的数，我们称此数为行列式，记为A。此外，它也称为n阶行列式。。

61大学物理下册(热力学(习题课后作业))-江西理工大学

热学(习题课课后作业) 1.一卡诺热机在每次循环过程中都要从温度为400K 的高温热源吸热418J ，向低温热源放热334.4J ，低温热源温度为320k 。 解:由2 2 1211T T Q Q -=- =η 得 1212T T Q Q = 即K T Q Q T 3201122== 2.1mol 单原子理想气体，在1atm 的恒定压力下温度由0℃加热至100℃时，内能改变量为1247J ；从外界吸热为2078J 解: )(124723 J T R T C E V ===??? )(20782 5 J T R T C Q P P ===?? 3.一定量的理想气体，从状态(P 0,V 0,T 0)。开始作绝热膨胀，体积增大到原体积的2倍，则膨胀后气体的温度T ＝21-γT 0；压强P ＝2-γP 0 解: 由 0101T V T V -γ-γ= 得 0101 0001 022T T V V T V V T γ--γ-γ=?? ?? ? ??=?? ? ? ??= 由 γ γ=00V P PV 00000002212 P P P V V P V V P γ -γ γ γ =??? ??=? ?? ? ??=??? ??=得

4.图中直线ab 表示一定量理想气体内能E 与体积V 的关系，其延长线通过原点O ，则ab 所代表的热力学过程是：( B ) (A)等温过程 (B)等压过程 (C)绝热过程 (D)等容过程 解: PV i RT i E 2 2=ν= 常量=∴∝P V E , (选B) 5.如图，一定量的理想气体自同一状态a ，分别经a →b ，a →c ，a →d 三个不同的准静态过程膨胀至体积均为V 2的三个不同状态，已知ac 为绝热线，则：( B ) (A)a →b 必放热 (B)a →b 必吸热 (C)a →d 可能是等温过程 解: ∵绝热线比等温线陡∴a →d 不可能是等温线,否定(C) 考虑正循环abca,在整个循环中,系统对外做净功, 0>-=ca ab A A A . 则系统从外界吸收净热量Q=A>0 2 V 1V

科技英语1

下面这些论文标题是否合适？如果不合适，请修改： 正确： ①Auditory Perspectives(透视) of Different Types of Music ②Y ellow Fever‘s(黄热病) Effect on Transportation and Commerce ③The Single Community Concept：A Model for Adult Environmental Education ④A Qualitative / Quantitative Analysis of the Administrative Management Institute at Cornell University ⑤Populations：A Statistical Analysis 错误： ①Electromagnetic Fields Have Harmful Effects on Humans—→Harmful Effects of Electromagnetic Fields on Humans ②How to Use Water Resources for Irrigation in Semiarid(半干旱) Land—→Using Water Resources for Irrigation in Semiarid Land ③Physics and Art：Conceptual Linkages Can Be Uncovered—→Physics and Art：Uncovering Conceptual Linkages ④Diamond Is Used for Electronic Devices—→Use of Diamond for Electric Devices ⑤Water Quality Can Be Protected Through the Successful Integration of Research and Education —→Protecting Water Quality Through the Successful Integration of Research and Education ⑥The Nature of Student Science Project Is Compared with Educational Goals for Science—→The Nature of Student Science Projects in Comparison to Educational Goals for Science ⑦The Americans With Disability Act and Its Applicability to the Mentally Ill，Human Immune-Deficiency Virus and Acquired(后天的) Immune Deficiency Syndrome(综合症)Populations：A Statistical Analysis —→The Americans With Disability Act and Its Applicability to the Mentally Ill，HIV and AIDS 判断下文摘自研究论文的哪个部分，并分析其结构和每句话的作用。 Result—结果： Table 11 shows the number of years to complete a doctoral program for both U.S. and international students at a major research university. As can be seen, international students on average complete doctoral programs in less time than U.S. students in all divisions. The difference in years to completion ranges from a relatively low 0.3 years in physical sciences/engineering and humanities/ arts to a high of 2.8 years in individual departmental programs. Discussion—讨论： The consistent difference in time to degree is not fully understood at present. However, one key factor may be motivation. Many international students have considerable external pressures，including sponsorship/scholarship restrictions, family obligat ions, and employer demands, which could influence the length of time it takes to earn a doctorate. 根据下列各段话的内容和语言特点，判断各段话分别摘自研究论文正文中的哪个部分Method—方法： Male red-winged blackbirds were recorded and observed. Analog tape-recordings of vocalizations were completed and territorial behaviors were monitored for each subject during three separate 30 minute observation periods. Females were observed in each subject's territory during recording. Individual territories and perching positions were mapped for each subject.

江西理工大学本科毕业生学士学位授予实施细则

江西理工大学本科毕业生 学士学位授予实施细则 （2012年春季学位评定委员会会议通过） 根据《中华人民共和国学位条例》、《中华人民共和国学位条例暂行实施办法》，结合本校具体情况，制定本实施细则。 第一条我校学士学位按照工学、经济学、理学、法学、文学、管理学、教育学和艺术学等相应学科门类授予。 第二条全日制本科毕业生授予学士学位的必备条件： 1、政治表现：拥护中国共产党的领导，拥护社会主义制度，遵纪守法，品行端正。 2、学术水平：达到教学计划的各项要求，经审核准予毕业。其课程学习和毕业论文(设计)的成绩，表明确已较好掌握了本门学科的基础理论、专业知识和基本技能；初步掌握一门外国语，能顺利阅读本专业的外文资料；具有一定的计算机基础知识和运用能力；具有从事科学研究工作或担负专门技术工作的初步能力。 第三条具有下列情形之一者，不得授予学士学位： 1、不符合必备条件； 2、受到留校察看处分； 3、毕业时必修课与专业选修课平均绩点分小于70分； 4、不能毕业而暂发结业证书。 第四条因第三条第2款未能获得学士学位者，受到留校察看处分后，认识深刻，没有其他违纪行为，如果符合下列条件之一者，可以授予学士学位： 1、毕业时必修课与专业选修课全部课程平均绩点分大于80分； 2、受到留校察看处分后，参加全国硕士研究生统一入学考试取得入学资格； 3、受到留校察看处分后，获得校级三好学生或三好标兵称号，或参加省部级及以上专业学科竞赛获得省部级二等奖、国家级三等奖及以上奖励。 第五条因第三条第3款未能获得学士学位者，如果符合下列条件之一者，可以授予学士学位： 1、毕业时参加全国硕士研究生统一入学考试取得入学资格； 2、修学英语的非英语专业学生毕业前参加CET-4达到国家优秀标准（600分）、或CET-6达到国家标准(体育、艺术类学生参加CET-4达到国家标准)；英语专业学生毕业前参加CET-6达到国家优秀标准，或取得专业英语八级合格证书；学其它语种的参照执行； 3、毕业前参加省部级及以上专业学科竞赛获得省部级二等奖、国家级三等奖及以上奖励；或其它方面业绩突出，受到省级以上表彰。 第六条因第三条第4款未能获得学士学位者（第八学期受到留校察看处分做结业处理者除外），如果在结业后达到了学校换发毕业证条件，且符合上述条款规定的学士学位授予条件的，可以授予学士学位。

科技英语试题带答案)

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江西理工大学考试试卷

江西理工大学考试试卷试卷编号：0809020550C 班级学号姓名 一、填空题（共36分，每空1分） 1、消息传递通信的实现方法有：①直接通信方式、②间接通信方式。（2分） 2、磁盘访问时间包括：①寻道时间、②旋转延迟时间、③ 动传输时间。（3分） 3、文件类型按存取控制属性分类有：①只执行文件、② 只读文件、③读写文件。（3分） 4、文件控制块包括有：①基本信息、②存取控制信息、③使 用信息类。（3分） 5、操作系统的特征是：①并发性、②共享性和③ 随机性。（3分） 6、按照用户界面的使用环境和功能特征的不同，一般可以把操作系统分为三种基本类型， 即：①批处理系统、②分时系统和③实时系统。（3分） 7、软件系统分为①系统软件、②支撑软件和 ③应用软件。（3分） 8、多数计算机系统将处理器的工作状态划分为①管态和 ②目态。后者一般指用户程序运行时的状态，又称为普通态或 ③用户态。（3分）

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