2013年四川外国语大学英语专业(基础英语)真题试卷.doc

2013年四川外国语大学英语专业（基础英语）真题试卷

(总分：220.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、填空题(总题数：20，分数：40.00)

1.The 1of a cultural phenomenon is usually a logical consequence of some physical aspect in the life style of the people.(manifest)（分数：

2.00）

填空项1:__________________

2.The two-week general strike left the country's railway system totally 1 and its economy bankrupt.(paralyze)（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________

3.The Hindus in India, despite an 1 of cows, refuse to eat beef on religious grounds. (abundant)（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________

4.It was all agreed that the first problem the new government would have to tackle was 1. (employ)（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________

5.I think the essence of wisdom is 1, as far as possible, from the tyranny of the here and the now.(emancipate)（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________

6.His enormously successful broadcast on December 23, 1954, entitled "Man's Peril", paved the way for a 1 with noted physicist Albert Einstein on the famous Einstein-Russell Declaration.(collaborate)（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________

7.Although in many parts of the world we can observe the association between modernization and fewer extended kinship ties, there are a number of 1, most notably in certain Third World areas.(except)（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________

8.Copious data is available to suggest that the 1 of marriage varies widely, and in no societies do all marriages last until death.(permanent)（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________

9.A 1994 Star Tribune/WCCOTV poll found that 128, 000 adults in Minnesota—four percent-showed signs associated with problem gambling and gambling 1.(addict)（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________

10.Health clinics at some Ivy League schools report that one of their frequent services to privileged young people is the treatment of clinical 1.(depress)（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________

11.Suppose, for example, that you are 1in research in scientific medicine.(engage)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________

12.He changed his whole conception of human nature, and became for the first time deeply 1that Puritanism does not make for human happiness.(convince)（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________

13.The basis of the family is, of course, the fact that parents feel a special kind of 1towards their own children, different from that which they feel towards each other or towards other children.(affect)（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________

14.The first fleet carried 27, 870 men, including officers, soldiers, seamen, interpreters, medical orderlies, various artisans skilled in boat repair and 1, and numerous officials in charge of everything.(maintain)（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________

15.As well as the creation of new forms, vocabulary 1 can take place by giving new meanings to old forms.(expand)（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________

16.Living in 1, John sold for 500 dollars the manuscript of his mother's first work which made her famous.(poor)（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________

17.Being poor is also dangerous. Living in an 1 area of a U. S. city reduces your life expectancy by about nine years.(impoverish)（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________

18.The authority of the state rests on two important foundations. First, it is the state that holds the exclusive right to use force and physical 1.(coerce)（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________

19.The Eskimo is perhaps one of the most trusting and 1 of all Indians but seems to be indifferent to the welfare of his animals.(consider)（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________

20.Since she was his 1daughter, she would inherit a share of his fortune when he died. (legitimacy)（分数：2.00）

填空项1:__________________

二、选择题(总题数：20，分数：40.00)

21.In addition to bettering group and individual performance, cooperation ______ the quality of interpersonal relationship.（分数：2.00）

A.ascends

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2f18411702.html,pels

C.enhances

D.prefers

22.Although dolphins sometimes swim singly or in pairs, they usually______in large herds, often numbering in the hundreds.（分数：2.00）

A.offset

B.congregate

C.fumble

D.exhale

23.Horseback riding______both the skill of handling a horse and the mastery of diverse riding styles.（分数：2.00）

A.unveils

B.embraces

C.strives

D.buffers

24.A______refers to an animal that is born from its mother's body, not from an egg, and drinks its mother's milk as a baby.（分数：2.00）

A.mammoth

B.penguin

C.mosquito

D.mammal

25.Glass-fiber cables can carry hundreds of telephone conversations______.（分数：2.00）

A.simultaneously

B.temporarily

C.permanently

D.approximately

26.The eagle usually captures its ______ on the ground but may then carry it off to eat it elsewhere.（分数：2.00）

A.prey

B.prophet

C.generator

D.miniature

27.The Great Basin, the______desert in the United States, is almost completely devoid of trees.（分数：2.00）

A.most conducive

B.most egalitarian

C.bluntest

D.bleakest

28.The United States Supreme Court has the power to______the decisions of lower courts.（分数：

2.00）

A.overturn

B.detach

C.expend

D.plunder

29.Living things consist of______structures called cells.（分数：2.00）

A.extinct

B.minute

C.medieval

D.stale

30.The function of ears in hearing is to______the sound waves to nerve impulses.（分数：2.00）

A.converse

B.convert

C.confront

D.convey

31.Wild pigs are fierce and courageous fighters and may charge with little or no______.（分数：

2.00）

A.provision

B.momentum

C.motion

D.provocation

32.In Britain, people______four million tons of potatoes every year.（分数：2.00）

A.swallow

B.dispose

C.consume

D.exhaust

33.The art and literature______the philosophies and ideas of the changing era.（分数：2.00）

A.mirror

B.pocket

C.screen

D.root

34.He is doing an______course in physics.（分数：2.00）

A.intensive

B.intense

C.intent

D.intrinsic

35.Many city dwellers are turning______lots into thriving gardens.（分数：2.00）

A.blank

B.vacuum

C.vacant

D.vigilant

36.The outcry against the government's policies will______ only if a compromise is reached in the assembly.（分数：2.00）

A.subside

B.loot

C.sustain

D.perish

37.A blizzard is a______snowstorm.（分数：2.00）

A.stagnant

B.severe

C.light

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2f18411702.html,d

38.We can rely on William to carry out this mission, for his judgment is always______.（分数：

2.00）

A.inexplicable

B.healthy

C.sound

D.straight

39.The compact dictionaries published in recent years are not as ______ as some of the older editions.（分数：2.00）

A.legible

B.equivocal

C.nimble

D.unwieldy

40.The bus moved slowly in the thick fog. We arrived at our______almost two hours later.（分数：2.00）

A.designation

B.destiny

C.destination

D.dignity

三、完形填空(总题数：1，分数：40.00)

Poetry Poetry is universal to all people, all places, and all times. The most【C1】______people have memorized poetry; the most cultured have nurtured it. Poetry knows no【C2】______, neither culture, age, gender, nor religion. We can even make a case that poetry captures the【C3】______of the universe, the ebb and flow of the tides, the beat of the seasons, and the rise and fall of our breath. Why is poetry the【C4】______thing humanity has to a universal language? Because poetry 【C5】______the ear, mind, and soul. It satisfies our【C6】______for beauty through the power of its language. But poetry【C7】______more than mere pleasure. It also communicates【C8】______Good poetry offers food for the【C9】______"Poetry, " wrote the Nobel Prize-winning poet T. S. Eliot, "may make us from time to time a little more【C10】______of the deeper, unnamed feelings to which we rarely【C11】______ Poetry reveals these "deeper, unnamed feelings" , and gives them【C12】______By calling attention to the aspects of life we might【C13】______in our hurry, poetry makes us understand not only their nature but also our own. As a result, poetry is not something special or【C14】______from our daily lives. Rather, it is an【C15】______part of everyone, an expression of our【C16】______hopes, wishes, and dreams. Although poetry satisfies a deep human appetite,

many people fear and【C17】______it, claiming it is obscure, as it is written by men and women out of【C18】______with the realities of life. In fact, from the earliest times, most poets have been people of【C19】______, deeply involved with the rhythms of life. Ben Jonson was a bricklayer and Robert Bums a farmer. Nor are female poets【C20】______from the rigors of life. Phillis Wheatley was a former slave and Stevie Smith, a secretary.（分数：40.00）

(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）

A.uneducated

B.ambitious

C.traditional

D.gracious

(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）

A.pain

B.fear

C.signs

D.barriers

(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）

A.climax

B.harmony

C.rhythm

D.alteration

(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）

A.best

B.sweetest

C.closest

D.dearest

(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2f18411702.html,bines

B.delights

C.liberates

D.utilizes

(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）

A.gratitude

B.craving

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2f18411702.html,petition

D.curiosity

(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）

A.conveys

B.depicts

C.revives

D.advocates

(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）

A.meaning

B.fear

C.love

D.knowledge

(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）

A.public

B.individual

C.body

(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）

A.critical

B.ignorant

C.aware

D.positive

(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）

A.penetrate

B.cater

C.yield

D.consent

(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）

A.a solution

B.a choice

C.a voice

D.a comment

(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）

A.criticize

B.overlook

C.conceal

D.cherish

(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）

A.brought back

B.set apart

C.made up

D.taken over

(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）

A.charming

B.innocent

C.conventional

D.integral

(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）

A.best

B.deepest

C.wildest

D.strangest

(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）

A.distrust

B.revise

C.modify

D.celebrate

(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）

A.favor

B.phase

C.touch

D.love

(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）

A.vision

B.action

D.power

(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）

A.sheltered

B.eliminated

C.disqualified

D.adapted

四、短文改错(总题数：1，分数：20.00)

The food we eat seems to have profound affects on our health. 【M1】______Though science made enormous steps in making food fitter to eat, 【M2】______it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some researchhas shown that perhaps 80 percent of all human illnesses is related 【M3】______to diet and 40 percent of cancer is related to diet as well, especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more proneto contract certain illness because the food that is characteristic in 【M4】______these cultures. Which food is related to illness is not a new discovery. 【M5】______In 1945 , government researchers realized that nitrates and nitrites, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other foodadditives, causing cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain 【M6】______in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time knowing which 【M7】______things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and poultry, and because of this, penicillin has beenfound in the milk of treating cows. Sometimes similar drugs are 【M8】______administered to animals not for medical purposes, but for financialreasons. The farmers are simply trying to fat the animals in order to 【M9】______obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and DrugAdministration has tried repeated to control these procedures, 【M10】______the practices continue.（分数：20.00）

(1).【M1】（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ (2).【M2】（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ (3).【M3】（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ (4).【M4】（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ (5).【M5】（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ (6).【M6】（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ (7).【M7】（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ (8).【M8】（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ (9).【M9】（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ (10).【M10】（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

五、阅读理解(总题数：5，分数：80.00)

A. My story is a simple one. You have only got to figure to yourselves a girl in a bedroom with a pen in her hand. She had only to move that pen from left to right—from ten o'clock to one. Then it occurred to her to do what is simple and cheap enough after all—to slip a few of those pages into an envelope, fix a penny stamp in the corner, and drop the envelope into the red box

at the corner. It was thus that I became a journalist; and my effort was rewarded on the first day of the following month—a very glorious day it was for me—by a letter from an editor containing a cheque for one pound ten shillings and sixpence. B. What could be easier than to write articles? But wait a moment. Articles have to be about something. Mine, I seemed to remember, was about a novel by a famous man. And while I was writing this review, I discovered that if I were going to review books I should need to do battle with a certain phantom. And the phantom was a woman, and when I came to know her better I called her after the heroine of a famous poem "The Angel in the House". It was she who used to come between me and my paper when I was writing reviews. It was she who bothered me and wasted my time and so tormented me that at last I killed her. I will describe her as shortly as I can. She was intensely sympathetic. She was immensely charming. She was utterly unselfish. She excelled in the difficult arts of family life. She sacrificed herself daily. She was so constituted that she never had a mind or a wish of her own, but preferred to sympathize with the minds and wishes of others. Above all— I need not say it—she was pure. In those days every house had its angel. And when I came to write I encountered her with the very first words. The shadow of her wings fell on my page; I heard the rustling of her skirts in the room. Directly, that is to say, I took my pen in hand to review that novel by a famous man, she slipped behind me and whispered; "My dear, you are a young woman. You are writing about a book that has been written by a man. Be sympathetic; be tender; flatter; deceive; use all the arts and wiles of our sex. Never let anybody guess that you have a mind of your own. Above all, be pure. " And she made as if to guide my pen. I now record the one act for which I take some credit to myself. I turned upon her and caught her by the throat. I did my best to kill her. My excuse, if I were to be had up in a court of law, would be that I acted in self-defense. Had I not killed her she would have killed me. She would have plucked the heart of my writing. For, as I found, directly I put pen to paper, you can not even review a novel without having a mind of your own, without expressing what you think to be the truth about human relations, morality, sex. And all these questions, according to the Angel in the House, cannot be dealt with freely and openly by women; they must charm, they must conciliate, they must—to put it bluntly—tell lies if they are to succeed. Thus, whenever I felt the shadow of her wing or the radiance of her halo upon my page, I took up the inkpot and flung it at her. She died hard. Her fictitious nature was of great assistance to her. It is far harder to kill a phantom than a reality.（分数：18.00）(1).The author most likely describes "a girl in a bedroom" in Line 1 in Para. A in order to______.（分数：2.00）

A.present a picture of herself as a fledgling writer

B.describe the vulnerability of young woman writers

C.bring to light the limits placed on young female journalists

D.demonstrate the economic feasibility of entering a career as a writer

(2).The author raises the question "What could...articles?" in Line 1, Para. B to______.（分数：2.00）

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2f18411702.html,mence a discourse on writer's block and its causes

B.suggest how easy it was to write with the help of the Angel in the House

C.introduce a discussion of the difficulties she had disregarding a phantom influence

D.begin a description of the ease with which the author could write freely and openly

(3).In Line 9, Para. B, "constituted" mostly nearly means______.（分数：2.00）

A.creative and imaginative

B.devoted to being pure

C.formally composed

D.physically strong

(4).The description of the Angel in the House(in Lines 7 - 11, Para.B.("She was... she was pure. ")reflects the author's______.（分数：2.00）

A.feeling that the Angel's positive characteristics can be seen in a negative light

B.gratitude for the Angel's assistance in becoming a writer

C.inability to achieve the ideal represented by the Angel

D.desire to model herself after the Angel

(5).In Line 11, Para. B, the author uses the expression "I need not say it" in order to suggest that______.（分数：2.00）

A.the Angel's purity is too delicate a subject to discuss

B.although the Angel lacked free will, the author does not

C.she presumes that readers will know the Angel was pure

D.she is reluctant to admit that she is not as pure as the Angel

(6).The word "directly" , as it is used in Lines 13 and 21, Para. B, could be replaced with which of the following words or phrases without a change in meaning?（分数：2.00）

A.in a straight line

B.unswervingly

C.as soon as

D.honestly

(7).For what reason does the author fear the Angel's effect on her writing?（分数：2.00）

A.She feels the Angel could induce her to focus on typically feminine subjects.

B.She recognizes the Angel could prevent her expressing her opinions honestly.

C.She thinks the Angel would deem writing an inappropriate career for a woman.

D.She believes that the Angle will influence the plots of the stories she writes.

(8).The author would most likely agree with which of the following statements?（分数：2.00）

A.A woman writer should not always be completely truthful in her work.

B.Women writers must inevitably work harder than male writers to achieve success.

C.A writer is justified in committing acts of violence when her art is threatened.

D.Writing requires an independence incompatible with traditional ideas of femininity.

(9).In the last sentence of the passage, the author implies that______.（分数：2.00）

A.one's imagination can be a powerful adversary

B.the influence of the Angel could never be escaped

C.it was difficult to distinguish between fantasy and reality

D.she came to realize that Angel ultimately helped her succeed as a writer

This passage is part of an introduction written by a well-known doctor and essayist for his 1996 book about rare neurological disorders. A. I am writing this with my left hand, although I am strongly right-handed. I had surgery to my right shoulder a month ago and am not permitted, not capable of, use of the right arm at this time. I write slowly, awkwardly—but more easily, more naturally, with each passing day. I am adapting, learning, all the while—not merely this

left-handed writing, but a dozen other left-handed skills as well. I have also become very adept with my toes, to compensate for having one arm in a sling; I was quite off balance for a few days when the arm was first immobilized, but now I walk differently, I have discovered a new balance.

I am developing different patterns, different habits... a different identity, one might say, at least in this particular sphere. There must be changes going on with some of the programs and circuits in my brain—altering synaptic weights and connectivities and signals(though our methods of brain imaging are still too crude to show these). B. Though some of my adaptations are deliberate, planned, and some are learned through trial and error(in the first week I injured every finger on my left hand), most have occurred by themselves, unconsciously, by reprogrammings and adaptations of which I know nothing(any more than I know, or can know, how I normally walk). Next month, if all goes well, I can start to readapt again, to regain a full(and "natural")use of the right arm, to reincorporate it back into my body image, myself, to become a dexterous human being once again. C. But recovery, in such circumstances, is by no means automatic, a simple process

like tissue healing—it will involve a whole nexus of muscular and postural adjustments, a whole sequence of new procedures(and their synthesis), learning, finding a new path to recovery. My surgeon, an understanding man who has had the same operation himself, said, "There are general guidelines, restrictions, recommendations. But all the particulars you will have to find out for yourself. " Jay, my physiotherapist, expressed himself similarly: " Adaptation follows a different path in each person. The nervous system creates its own paths. You're the neurologist—you must see this all time. " D. Nature's imagination, as physicist Freeman Dyson likes to say, is richer than ours, and he speaks, marvellingly, of this richness in the physical and biological worlds, the endless diversity of physical forms and forms of life. For me, as a physician, nature's richness is to be studied in the phenomena of health and disease, in the endless forms of individual adaptation by which human organisms, people adapt and reconstruct themselves when faced with the challenges and vicissitudes of life. E. Thus while one may be distressed by the trials of developmental disorders or disease, one may sometimes see them as creative too—for if they destroy particular paths, particular ways of doing things, they may force the nervous system into making other paths and ways, force on it an unexpected growth and evolution. This other side of development or disease is something I see, potentially, in almost every patient. That such radical adaptations can occur demands a view of the brain as dynamic and active rather than programmed and static, a supremely efficient adaptive system geared for evolution and change, ceaselessly adapting to the needs of the organism—its need, above all, to construct a coherent self and world, whatever defects or disorders of brain function befall it. That the brain is minutely differentiated is clear: there are hundreds of tiny areas crucial for every aspect of perception and behavior(from the perception of color and of motion to, perhaps, the intellectual orientation of the individual). The miracle is how they all cooperate, are integrated together, in the creation of a self. F. This sense of the brain's remarkable plasticity, its capacity for the most striking adaptations, not the least in the special(and often desperate)circumstance of neural or sensory mishap, has come to dominate my own perception of my patients and their lives. So much so, indeed, that I am sometimes moved to wonder whether it may be necessary to redefine the very concepts of "health" and "disease", to see these in terms of the ability of the organism to create a new organization and order, one that fits its special, altered disposition and needs, rather than in the terms of a rigidly defined "norm".（分数：22.00）

(1).The author describes himself as "strongly right-handed"(Line 1, Para.A)to______.（分数：

2.00）

A.convey the ease with which he learned to be ambidextrous

B.suggest the difficulties he had to overcome

C.evoke a sympathetic response from the reader

D.characterize the sources of his physical strength

(2).The author's remark in Lines 8-9, Para. A("There must... signals")can best be described as______.（分数：2.00）

A.conjecture

B.inquiry

C.observation

D.evidence

(3).In Line 10, Para. A, "crude" most nearly means______.（分数：2.00）

A.obvious

B.natural

C.offensive

D.undeveloped

(4).The author's parenthetical reference in Lines 3-4, Para. B serves to______.（分数：2.00）

A.highlight the process of learning through experience

B.explain his continuing inability to perform simple tasks

C.rationalize the frustration he felt about achieving his goals

D.illustrate a point about unconscious adaptation

(5).In Lines 4-5, Para. C, the surgeon advises the author to______.（分数：2.00）

A.become more open-minded about muscular adjustments than he had been

B.develop his own procedures for coping

C.follow a detailed and specific regimen of rehabilitation

D.find out how others have dealt with the same problem

(6).The physiotherapist's remarks(Lines 6-7, Para.C)reveal the assumption that______.（分数：

2.00）

A.patients have complete control over the progress of their recovery

B.each neurologist follows a different path to understanding

C.all neurologists are aware of the nervous system's adaptability

D.the author is inadequately informed about the intricacies of the muscular system

(7).In Line 2, Para. D, "richness" most nearly means______.（分数：2.00）

A.variety

B.meaning

C.resources

D.economic wealth

(8).Why does the author mention that he is a physician in Lines 3-6, Para. D?（分数：2.00）

A.To emphasize his particular point of view.

B.To illustrate the limits of scientific knowledge.

C.To suggest that his main concern is the surgery he performs on patients.

D.To dispel any doubt about his credentials in the field of neurology.

(9).Lines 1 -4 in Para. E primarily encourage readers to view disease as______.（分数：2.00）

A.a source of psychological harm

B.an opportunity for productive change

C.an inevitable fact of human existence

D.a force that retards evolutionary change

(10).It can be inferred from the author's discussion of radical adaptations in Lines 5 -8, Para.

E that others may have______.（分数：2.00）

A.believed that adaptations occur only as a response to disease

B.held that neurological change can occur only as a result of an evolutionary process

C.viewed the brain as inflexible and unchanging

D.failed to realize how minutely differentiated the brain is

(11).The main point of the passage is to______.（分数：2.00）

A.explain the most fundamental aspects of brain function

B.discuss the impact of surgery on the nervous system

C.argue that the brain's ability to adapt to changing needs is virtually limitless

D.emphasize that current technology to measure brain activity is inadequate

UNICEF, Malnutrition and Micronutrients UNICEF has continued to be at the forefront of advocacy and support for the importation of program to combat child malnutrition. A condition for designing effective program to fight malnutrition is understanding the causes of the problem and recognizing how complex they are. Micronutrients IODINE(碘): some of the most rapid and important progress in UNICEF programs is in the area of salt iodization. The strategy of universal salt iodization(USI)has been widely accepted in all regions, and the goal of USI by end-1995 has been met in virtually all of Latin America and in many countries in other regions. During the year, a number of countries with a high prevalence of fording deficiency in which salt iodization was previously thought to be virtually impossible, such as Pakistan and Indonesia, started to iodize

at least half of all salt reaching consumers. To achieve this, UNICEF officers supported a range of innovative and flexible approaches, for example, the establishment of an "Iodized Salt Support Facility" in Pakistan, to provide training, supplies and quality control to the 800 or so small salt crushers in the country. Enormous progress was seen not only in getting iodine into salt but also in the promulgation of laws to give teeth to monitoring and quality control efforts. UNICEF, WHO and the International Council for the Control of Iodine Disorders(ICCID)sponsored a forum in 1995 to consider the iodine and monitoring challenges faced by countries in which salt is brought to market by many small producers rather than larger enterprises. A technical monograph on practical ways of monitoring salt iodization programs was developed jointly with WHO, ICCID and PAMM and widely distributed. Many UNICEF country programs are monitoring household availability of iodine salt, utilizing a simple test kit, as part of the Multi-Indicator Cluster Surveys being undertaken to assess progress in meeting the goals of the World Summit. VITAMIN A: WHO-UNICEF estimates now indicate that over 250 million children still suffer from vitamin A deficiency(VAD)with many million more at risk. The known effects of VAD on the immune system and thus on child mortality make this a high-priority challenge for UNICEF. In 1995 , UNICEF supported surveys of vitamin A status that resulted in widespread deficiency being recognized for the first time in Egypt, South Africa, Kenya and Botswana. With support from the Micronutrient Initiative in Canada, UNICEF launched projects in 14 countries that will enable innovation in systems of distribution of vitamin A supplements and improvements in monitoring the mortality and morbidity impact of supplementation. A number of countries are building on the successful experience of Guatemala in fortification of sugar with vitamin A. Bolivia and Brazil both launched sugar fortification with vitamin A on a pilot basis in 1995. In Namibia and South Africa, the feasibility of fortifying maize meal with vitamin A is being considered. UNICEF supports dietary diversification and the consumption of appropriate fruits and vegetables as one of the most potentially sustainable ways for communities to overcome micronutrient malnutrition. Research completed in 1995 with UNICEF assistance pointed to the need to pay further attention to the types of vegetables grown and the type of cooking in order to maximize the impact of home gardening on the vitamin A status of children. In Bangladesh, UNICEF is collaborating with Helen Keller International to assess the impact of a large home gardening project on the vitamin A status of mothers and young children. This information should help to ensure that future programs of this type are designed in the most cost-effective way. IRON: The statement on strategies for reducing iron deficiency anemia, developed and adopted by WHO and UNICEF in 1995, calls for general supplementation with iron in any population of pregnant women or young children where the prevalence of anemia exceeds 30%. The results of research trials investigating the impact on anemia of weekly iron supplements have started, to become available. Weekly iron or iron and vitamin A supplements now appear to be a feasible intervention to combat iron deficiency anemia on a population basis in some vulnerable groups. UNICEF supported a meeting, jointly with the Thrasher Research Fund and Cornell University, to explore ways of increasing the micronutrient content of foods commonly consumed in countries where micronutrient malnutrition is common. Plant breeders, soil scientist and human nutritionists met to consider the problem and agreed that the micronutrient content of foods had been neglected in the breeding of high yielding(green revolution)varieties of cereals such as rice. With the realization of tremendous importance of the micronutrient content of staple food crops to human development, plant breeders agreed that future breeding work should take micronutrient goals into account. The participants also called for research in other priority areas to exploit the potential food-based systems, including the development of programs and policies that influence the choices of consumers and producers to increase the supply and consumption of micronutrient-rich foods. Complete the sentences using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the text for each answer. Write your answers in the corresponding places on your answer sheet.（分数：20.00）

(1).UNICEF had expected to accomplish the target of______by the end of 1995.（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ (2).______are thought to be unlikely to reach the goal of salt iodization program.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (3).In Pakistan and Indonesia's countryside salt is supplied through the channel of ______.（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ (4).UNICEF experts believe______proves to be the most cost-effective way in combating VAD.（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ (5).Children suffer most from VAD because evidence shows their______is affected.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (6).Pregnant women and young children are______to suffer iron deficiency anemia.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (7).______is partly responsible for the lack of micronutrient content in foods.（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________

(8).In which country or area was an Iodized Salt Support Facility established?（分数：2.00）

A.Indonesia.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2f18411702.html,tin America.

C.Botswana.

D.Pakistan.

(9).What common food has vitamin A added to?（分数：2.00）

A.Salt.

B.Maize meal.

C.Sugar.

D.Rice flour.

(10).In what aspect of the green revolution was micronutrient content not taken fully into account?（分数：2.00）

A.Development of high-yielding varieties of cereals.

B.Excessive use of pesticides.

C.Programs designed to influence consumer choice.

D.Application of chemical fertilizers.

The Federal Aviation Administration PART A Nobody goes up, up and away until the folks at the FAA say it's OK. The Federal Aviation Administration(FAA)is the government agency responsible for overseeing air transportation in the US. An arm of the US Department of Transportation, the FAA focuses on air transportation safety, including the enforcement of safety standards for aircraft manufacturing, operation, and maintenance. It also manages air traffic in the US through a network of towers at more than 19, 000 airports. It maintains radar systems, communication equipment, and air traffic security systems. Outside the US, the FAA works with international aviation authorities in developing safety practices implemented globally. As commercial flying emerged and increased, the Bureau of Air Commerce encouraged a group of airlines to establish the first three centers or providing air traffic control(ATC)along the airways. The pioneer air traffic controllers used maps, blackboards, and mental calculations to ensure the safe separation of aircraft travelling along designated routes between cities. The application of radar to ATC helped controllers in their drive to keep abreast of the postwar boom in commercial air transportation. The approaching era of jet travel, and a series of midair collisions, prompted passage of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958. This legislation gave rise to a new independent body, the Federal Aviation Agency. The act also gave the FAA sole responsibility for a common

civil-military system of air navigation and air traffic control. PARTB Two principal categories

of rules governing air traffic are visual flight rules(VFR)and instrument flight rules(IFR). Aircraft operating under visual flight rules(VFR aircraft)maintain separation from other aircraft visually. IFR aircraft in controlled airspace operate in accordance with clearances and instructions provided by air-traffic controllers for the purpose of maintaining separation and expediting the flow of traffic. Flight crews operating under instrument flight rules are responsible for seeing and avoiding other aircraft, but the air-traffic control clearances they receive provide substantial added assurance of safe separation. Consequently, flight crews often will operate under instrument flight rules even though the weather satisfies visual meteorological conditions. Many technologies are used in air traffic control systems. The radar information is used to develop clearances and instructions for separating aircraft operating under instrument rules, and to provide traffic advisories to IFR aircraft and to VFR aircraft receiving the traffic advisory service. Traffic advisories provide the ranges, bearings, and altitudes of aircraft in the pilot's immediate vicinity. The pilot is responsible for visually acquiring and avoiding any traffic that may be a collision threat. Primary and secondary radar are used to enhance a controller's "situational awareness" within his assigned airspace. Secondary radar is an interrogate-respond system. The rotating directional antenna of the ground station transmits a pulse pair to the transponder in the aircraft. The pulse spacing encodes one of two messages —"transmit your altitude"(the Mode C interrogation)or "transmit your identity"(the Mode A interrogation). The aircraft then transmits an encoded pressure-altitude reply in response to the first interrogation and a four-digit identity code, assigned by air-traffic control and entered into the transponder by the pilot, in response to the second. Primary radar operates by transmitting high-power, radio-frequency pulses from a rotating directional antenna. The energy is reflected from any aircraft in the directional beam and received by the antenna. The aircraft is displayed at the azimuth corresponding to the pointing direction of the antenna and the range corresponding to the round-trip time between pulse transmission and receipt of reflected signal. Primary radar has the advantage that aircraft without air-traffic control transponders can be detected, and energy reflected from heavy precipitation indicates to the controller areas of potentially hazardous weather. However, extraneous returns(clutter)from surrounding buildings and terrain can reduce the effectiveness of primary radar in detecting aircraft. At most

air-traffic control radar sites, the secondary radar antenna is mounted on the primary radar antenna, and they are turned by a common drive system. PART C With the number of aircraft flying over the United States today, proper airspace usage is critical for flight safety and efficient service to pilots and the flying public. To assist in this goal, the airspace is divided into five classes A-E. Class A airspace is the airspace from 18 , 000 feet to 60, 000 feet. All pilots flying in Class A airspace shall file an IFR flight plan and receive an appropriate air traffic control clearance. Class B airspace is generally the airspace from the surface to 10, 000 feet. This airspace is normally around the busiest airports in terms of aircraft traffic such as Chicago or Los Angeles. Class B airspace is individually designed to meet the needs of the particular airport and consists of a surface areas and two more layers. Most Class B airspace resembles an upside down wedding cake. Pilots must contact air traffic control to receive an air traffic control clearance to enter Class B airspace. Their airspace from the surface to 4, 000 feet above the airport elevation is called the Class C airspace. Class C airspace will only be found at airports that have an operational control tower, are services by a radar approach control. Pilots must establish and maintain two-way radio communications with the ATC facility prior to entering airspace. The fourth airspace is Class D airspace which is generally that airspace from the surface to 2, 500 feet above the airport elevation. Like Class C airspace, Class D airspace only surrounds airports that have an operational control tower and is also tailored to meet the needs of the airport. Pilots are also required to establish and maintain two-way radio communications with the ATC facility before entering the airspace. No separation services will be provided to pilots

of VFR aircraft. Pilots operating under VFR must still use " see-and-avoid" for aircraft separation. The fifth airspace is Class E airspace which is generally that airspace that is not Class A, B, C, or D. Class E airspace extends upward from either the surface or a designated altitude to the overlying or adjacent controlled airspace. If an aircraft is flying on a Federal airway below 18 , 000 feet, it is in Class E airspace. Class E airspace is also the airspace used by aircraft transiting to and from the terminal. Answer the following questions USING NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage.（分数：10.00）

(1).What does the Federal Aviation Administration(FAA)take charge of in the US?（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (2).Apart from jet travel, what else brought about the advent of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958?（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ (3).What information is used to develop clearance and provide traffic advisories in air traffic control systems?（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ (4).What does the aircraft send back as a response to the first interrogation from the secondary radar?（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________ (5).What reduces the effectiveness of primary radar in identifying flights?（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Complete the diagram below USING NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each

（分数：10.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

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C.You're kind D.I don't think so 4、- Let me help you carry the suitcase. - _____A____ A.It's OK. I can manage. B.It's not very light. C.I can help you with it. D.Put it down on the ground. 5、- Sorry to give you so much trouble. - ____C_____ A.I think so. B.Oh, I'm sorry. C.It's OK. D.You are busy. 6、-You speak very good English. -____A____. A.It's very kind of you to say so B.No, I can't C.You are right D.That's all right 7、- Would you mind if we asked you for some advice? - ____C____

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四川大学大二下英语题库2

1. The use of atomic energy will _____ the lives of coming generations. A) revolve B) revolutionize C) resolve D) reserve 2. The doctor _____ me to the dangers of smoking. A) informed B) alerted C) warned D) cautioned 3. All work and no play makes Jack a _____ boy. A) monotonous B) boring C) tedious D) dull 4. The _____ domestic product of this year is two times as high as that of last year. A) coarse B) crude C) gross D) raw 5. I may sense the enthusiasm from his youthful _____ voice. A) vibrant

B) shivering C) shaking D) vicious 6. Features such as height, weight, and skin color _____ from individual to individual and from face to face. A) change B) vary C) alter D) convert 7. The engineer explained the plane’s technical _____. A) capacity B) capability C) ability D) competence 8. The _____ of new scientific discoveries to industrial production methods increases efficiency. A) application B) applause C) applicant D) appliance 9. The army was poised _____ a major attack. A) to B) for C) with D) on 10. Parents ____ some of their characteristics to their children.

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看，than两边的结构是一致的，都是不定式，但是习惯上把后面的to省略，所以要选择C项。 3. That’s a beautiful leather wallet, but I can’t afford to pay _____ much. A. enough B. more C. such D. that 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这是一个漂亮的皮革钱包，但我付不起那么多钱。这里其实就是一个固定说法，付不起钱就是I can’t afford to pay that much。可以直接背下来。 4. Would you mind _____ the window? It is hot in here. A. to open B. me opening C. open D. of opening 【答案】B 【解析】句意：你是否介意我开一下窗？太热了。此处考查mind的用法，Would/Do you mind+(sb’s) doing…？你是否介意（某人）做某事？所以选择B项。 5. Make sure _____ you don’t forget to pack everything needed.

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01 Passage 1 Hypnotism (催眠术) is very old. Thousands of years ago people started to use it in Egypt. The use of hypnotism has grown very much since that time. Today, doctors and scientists are in almost every country hypnotize people to help them with their problems. What is hypnotism, and how does it work? Many people think that a hypnotist puts people to sleep. Then he makes the hypnotized people do strange things. This is not what a hypnotist does. Hypnotism is really just a way to relax the mind and body. What are some of the uses of hypnotism? We go to a hypnotist because w e have a problem. The problem makes us unhappy. The hypnotist asks us to think hard about something and relax. When we are relaxed, t he hypnotist gives us some ideas to help us with our problems. Hypnotism can help people to remember things. The police sometimes ask hypnotists to help them. For example, a man sees an accident. He forgets the license number of the car he sees. If he is hypnotized he may remember it. The police can then find the car and catch the driver. People who are hypnotized can also make mistakes or say something that isn't true. People remember what they think they saw. That may not be what really happened. The police don't hypnotize people who do something wrong. Why not? People who are hypnotized may say something that isn't true. A person who has done something bad has a good reason to say something that isn't true. 1. Hypnotist helps people by ____. [A] putting them to sleep [B] helping them to get relaxed [C] offering his ideas about their problems [D] making them forget their problems 2. When hypnotized, some people may say something that is not true, because ____. [A] they do not remember what has happened [B] they remember what they think has happened [C] they do not know what has happened [D] they are not interested in what has happened 3. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?____ [A] Hypnotism is very different form what it used to be. [B] When a person is hypnotized, his body gets relaxed, while his mind works hard. [C] Hypnotism is much more widely used today than it was thousands of years ago. [D] When hypnotized, a person will do something strange. 4. The passage mainly talks about ____. [A] how hypnotism works [B] the development of hypnotism [C] the use of hypnotism [D] the wonder of hypnotism

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四川大学英文成绩单样本 2 24 south Section 1 Ring Road No.1 ChengDu, SiChuan 610065 P.R.China Sichuan University SICHUAN UNIVERSITY STUDENT ACADEMIC RECORD (ENGLISH TRANSLATION) NAME(姓名): Dudie XU(徐都爹) SCHOOL CODE(学号):1043004134 DATE OF BIRTHDAY(出生年月): Aug. 1919 (1919.8) SEX(性别): Male MAJOR(专 业):Polymer Material and Engineering(高分子材料与工程) SCHOOLING(学制):4 YEAR(4年) DURATION OF SCHOOL(在校期间):Sept. 2008-July 2012(2010.9-2014.7) HOURS CREDITS MARKS(分数) st nd (学时) (学分) COURSE(课程) 1 SEM. 2 SEM. First Year(Sept.2008-July2009)(第一学年) Physical Education-1(体育-1) 32 1 97 College English-1(大学英语-1) 64 4 97 Fundamentals of Modern Chemistry(?)-1(近代化学32 2 94 基础(?)-1) Situation and Policies-1(形势与政策-1) 16 0.25 92 Basics of Computer (大学计算机基础) 36 2 90 Chemical Experiment (?)-1(工科化学实验(?)18 1 90 -1)

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我考的是四川外国语大学的英语语言文学分支下的翻译理论与实践，政治68，法语73，基英115，翻译110，总分366，专业课225。三月底确定了学校，六月份准备法语四级考试，七月中旬正式开始复习。复习过程中走了些弯路，做了些无用功，教训就不多说了，在这里我用最简炼的语言讲一下备考经验吧。 1.政治：九月中旬大纲出来才开始复习政治，把大纲看了两遍。十月中旬出《风中劲草》，直到考试前读了三遍，看了两遍，整理了一份自己的框架结构。肖秀荣的八套卷，四套卷都做了，重点分析选择题，背诵大题。顺带看看考前各种预测的大题答题思路跟时事政治。 2.法语：课本读了不下十遍，培养语感，有助于完型、阅读。法语重语法，主要做吴贤良的法语习题集，《二外法语考研必备》。书上的练习题、语法、单词，反复看，自己总结语法笔记。 3.基英：做专四难度的题，专四真题、星火基础英语习题、网上各种打印资料。做雅思的阅读，买的《雅思阅读真经5》熟悉题型，做专八阅读适应难度。加上反复做川外的基英真题，和背单词、固定搭配、常见用法。 4.翻译：复习过程中做了不少无用功，所以个人建议暑假之前多练翻译打好基础，开学后基英、二外的复习时间加上来，政治大纲出来再复习政治。建议英译汉练三笔，译文比较准确，而且有一定难度可以提高水平。建议汉译英练张培基散文选，行文优美且水平很高，长时间练习收获很多。多琢磨川外的真题，知道川外的翻译重视文学翻译，要练习专八翻译。翻译一定要多练习，不仅练语感、手感，而且增加信心。作文350词，建议总结雅思写作模板，有新意且凑字数。另外，推荐看《专业八级考试精品范文100篇》，总结一些万能句型跟好的表达方法。

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